THE WHATIS.COM WORD-OF-THE-DAY   
December 6, 2002

ontology 
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TODAY'S WORD: ontology 

See our definition with hyperlinks at
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci212702,00.html 

In its general meaning, ontology (pronounced ahn-TAH-luh-djee) is the
study or concern about what kinds of things exist - what entities
there are in the universe. It derives from the Greek onto (being) and
logia (written or spoken discourse). It is a branch of metaphysics,
the study of first principles or the essence of things. 

In information technology, an ontology is the working model of
entities and interactions in some particular domain of knowledge or
practices, such as electronic commerce or "the activity of planning."

In artificial intelligence (AI), an ontology is, according to Tom
Gruber, an AI specialist at Stanford University, "the specification
of conceptualizations, used to help programs and humans share
knowledge." In this usage, an ontology is a set of concepts - such as
things, events, and relations - that are specified in some way (such
as specific natural language) in order to create an agreed-upon
vocabulary for exchanging information. 

RELATED TERMS:

entity 
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