I think, most patterns we "see" in chess (and other domains) are unconscious patterns But are strongly related to the visual perception.
Probably good chess players consider thousands of patterns but they are not aware of this ability. http://www.psychology.gatech.edu/create/pubs/reingold&charness_perception-in -chess_2005_underwood.pdf -Matthias -----Ursprüngliche Nachricht----- Von: Charles Hixson [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Gesendet: Samstag, 25. Oktober 2008 22:25 An: agi@v2.listbox.com Betreff: Re: AW: [agi] If your AGI can't learn to play chess it is no AGI Dr. Matthias Heger wrote: > ... > > I think humans represent chess by a huge number of **visual** > patterns. The chessboard is 8x8 squares. Probably, a human considers > all 2x2, 3x3 4x4 and even more subsets of the chessboard at once > beside the possible moves. We see if a pawn is alone or if a knight is > at the edge of the board. We see if the pawns are in a diagonal and > much more. I would guess that the human brain observes many thousands > of visual patterns in a single position. > > This is the only explanation for me why the best chess players still > have a little chance to win against computers. > > > > E... > > -Matthias > "Visual" is not exactly correct, at least not for the single moderately skilled player that I can internally observe. The patterns exist, and they are spatially represented, but as "visual" they are definitely cartoonish with accompanying annotations (see also this possibility, etc.). Actually I don't see the pieces, but only their directions of movement and capture, and if I particularly attend to one section, I will hear the name of the piece before a cartoon representation of it becomes conscious. This abbreviated representation allows me to consider many more position changes than would a more explicit imagery. Actually each position represents the entire board centered around a piece of interest, but parts of the board of less relevance to the actions being considered are "fuzzed out", so that the same concepts can be used with many different board positions. And for any one position, when considering moving a piece a particular "image" of this kind appears, and many will be scanned when contemplating a move. Now I'm not a master, or even a rated player. But I suspect that this kind of thing is also used by such people, only that it becomes so practiced that it becomes invisible. Even as it is I'm frequently not even aware of evaluating very poor moves except when the game is towards the end, and my position is declining. Then I tend to evaluate more consciously (probably just considering each move more extensively). And I still barely consider pieces that, e.g., I can't move. During the middle game I'm occasionally aware of considering them in a hypothetical manner ("Well, if I could get that pawn out of the way, then..."), but I don't notice that happening as much during the end game. Probably such moves have already been considered and discarded. Note that the image isn't a rectangular pattern. What's contained within it is based on relevance, and it isn't exactly visual, merely spatial. A bishop's move is seen as a sweeping diagonal, probably a vectoral representation. And adjacent squares aren't considered (aren't parts of the image) unless I'm considering stopping the bishop on one of those squares (at which point anything that could threaten it becomes relevant) ... but it isn't a part of the original image. The bishop's move just "extends until blocked". ------------------------------------------- agi Archives: https://www.listbox.com/member/archive/303/=now RSS Feed: https://www.listbox.com/member/archive/rss/303/ Modify Your Subscription: https://www.listbox.com/member/?&; Powered by Listbox: http://www.listbox.com ------------------------------------------- agi Archives: https://www.listbox.com/member/archive/303/=now RSS Feed: https://www.listbox.com/member/archive/rss/303/ Modify Your Subscription: https://www.listbox.com/member/?member_id=8660244&id_secret=117534816-b15a34 Powered by Listbox: http://www.listbox.com
