This discussion reminds me the “Ship of Theseus” paradox (for those who don’t 
remember it: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ship_of_Theseus).

So Phases depend on the identity criteria assumed for the Entity.

Franco


Prof. Franco Niccolucci
Director, VAST-LAB
PIN - U. of Florence
Scientific Coordinator
ARIADNEplus - PARTHENOS

Editor-in-Chief
ACM Journal of Computing and Cultural Heritage (JOCCH) 

Piazza Ciardi 25
59100 Prato, Italy


> Il giorno 19 feb 2019, alle ore 09:18, Francesco Beretta 
> <francesco.bere...@cnrs.fr> ha scritto:
> 
> Hi, 
> 
> I agree with Martin's definition of phase and point of view of not 
> "connecting a discussion about "phases of ideas" with "phases of Physical 
> Things". 
> 
> I earlier thought myself that ideas, in some ways, could have 'phases' but it 
> seems more suitable, in the way of modeling adopted by the CRM, to say that 
> ideas (in the sense of propositional objects or of concepts/types — and what 
> about symbolic objects ?) exist as such, are identifiable as such, and do not 
> change in their identity over time. It seems to be our mind, our belief 
> (CRMinf I2 Belief), our mental state (Issue 359: mental state), that can 
> evolve, i.e. the substratum carries new ideas, our classification of concepts 
> can change, our belief, etc.       but this would be about changing of mental 
> state not about changing of the ideas themselves, as such. Would this be the 
> point ?
> 
> Would then, it this is correct, Mental state (not existing yet as class – 
> Issue 359) and Belief I2 be subclasses of Exxx Phase ?
> 
> 
> 
> Another issue would be to ask if a E74 Group can have phases. Althogh the 
> identity of the group remains the same, it can have different 'behaviours', 
> strategies, situations, etc. This is of course related to social life, to an 
> ongoing, virtual CRMsoc extension. But insofar as 'Phase' is modelled as high 
> abstraction level class in CRMbase itself, wouldn't be appropriate to 
> consider also phases in the life of groups ?
> 
> If yes, then we would need one property pointing from the temporal entity 
> 'Phase' to the object concerned by the specific appearence or characteristic 
> identifying the phase. But E74 Group and E18 Physical Things do not belong to 
> the same class, right? By the way I was wondering why E74 Group is not 
> subclass of Legal Object – E72. But if it was, this wouldn't arrange things, 
> I assume, because, ont the one side, having phases in not the intension of 
> the Legal Object class and, on the other side, there's the E90 Symbolic 
> Object subclass there which wouldn't seem to have 'phases'. Or does it have 
> indeed ?
> 
> All the best 
> 
> Francesco
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Le 18.02.19 à 20:40, Martin Doerr a écrit :
>> Dear Martijn,
>> 
>> On 2/18/2019 5:10 PM, van Leusen, P.M. wrote:
>>> Dear Martin,
>>> 
>>> Would you want to tie the existence of a phase exclusively to E18 Physical 
>>> Things? One can imagine phases in the development of ideas as well....
>> Yes to both. As always, we do not model the term, here "phase", but try to 
>> define a distinct concept we can associate with a clear-cut "behavior". 
>> Physical Things can be thought of as having a simple trajectory through 
>> space-time: Any change makes the previous disappear.  Therefore, substantial 
>> evolutionary steps can be represented with a begin and ending on a 
>> time-line.That is a concept I can perceive as a sort of "phase". Therefore 
>> the label.
>> 
>> The evolution of ideas, as any other immaterial thing, does not make 
>> previous ideas disappear. I will be very happy to discuss what phases of 
>> ideas may be confined to, whose they are, what sense of progress they have, 
>> and how we perceive the social effect of ideas we would associate with 
>> phases.
>> 
>> Because of the above considerations, I suggest not to connect a discussion 
>> about "phases of ideas" with "phases of Physical Things" (which include 
>> humans!!). I do not suggest that phases of humans are restricted to material 
>> aspects. In my proposed definition, they may be due to mental developments, 
>> as long as they characterize substantially the being.
>> 
>> All the best,
>> 
>> Martin
>> 
>>> 
>>> Martijn
>>> 
>>> On Sun, Feb 17, 2019 at 8:54 PM Martin Doerr <mar...@ics.forth.gr> wrote:
>>> Dear All,
>>> 
>>> Here a first attempt to define "phase":
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Exxx Phase
>>> 
>>> Subclass of:        E2 Temporal Entity
>>> 
>>> Superclass of:    E3 Condition State
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Scope note:       This class comprises phases during the existence and 
>>> evolution of an instance of E18 Physical Thing characterized by an 
>>> appearance, constitution or a behavior distinct from that in other times of 
>>> its existence, or distinct in the evolution of things of comparable kind, 
>>> such as the  nestling, fledgling, juvenile and adult forms of birds, but 
>>> some kinds of phases may also be consequence of incidental changes such as 
>>> accidents.
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Best,
>>> 
>>> Martin
>>> 
>>> -- 
>>> ------------------------------------
>>> Dr. Martin Doerr
>>> 
>>> Honorary Head of the                                                        
>>>            
>>> Center for Cultural Informatics
>>> 
>>> Information Systems Laboratory  
>>> Institute of Computer Science             
>>> Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)   
>>> 
>>> N.Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton,         
>>> GR70013 Heraklion,Crete,Greece 
>>> 
>>> Vox:+30(2810)391625  
>>> Email: 
>>> mar...@ics.forth.gr
>>> 
>>> Web-site: 
>>> http://www.ics.forth.gr/isl
>>> 
>>> 
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Crm-sig mailing list
>>> Crm-sig@ics.forth.gr
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>>> 
>>> 
>>> -- 
>>> Dr. Martijn van Leusen
>>> Associate professor, Landscape Archaeology, Groningen Institute of 
>>> Archaeology
>>> Poststraat 6, 9712ER Groningen (Netherlands) / phone +31 50 3636717
>>> Chair, Examination Board for Arts, Culture and Archaeology / Chair, Faculty 
>>> of Arts Advisory Board for Data Management policies
>>> Academia page 
>> 
>> 
>> -- 
>> ------------------------------------
>> Dr. Martin Doerr
>> 
>> Honorary Head of the                                                         
>>           
>> Center for Cultural Informatics
>> 
>> Information Systems Laboratory  
>> Institute of Computer Science             
>> Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)   
>> 
>> N.Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton,         
>> GR70013 Heraklion,Crete,Greece 
>> 
>> Vox:+30(2810)391625  
>> Email: 
>> mar...@ics.forth.gr
>> 
>> Web-site: 
>> http://www.ics.forth.gr/isl
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
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