-Caveat Lector-
"According to the sources, the directive was approved by the Politburo
on July 2, 1992 -- a year into U.S. President Bill Clinton's first term ..."
China's leaders ordered stepped-up espionage in 1992
WASHINGTON, May 24 (Kyodo) -- By: Paul Flatin China's top leadership in 1992
ordered its intelligence forces to increase espionage and counterespionage
efforts, apparently targeting the United States for economic, science and
technology information which could directly help build China's economy,
informed sources said Monday.
The disclosure was made on the eve of the public release of a U.S.
congressional report on alleged Chinese spying in the U.S.
In a 12-page directive, China's Communist Party Politburo ordered its
intelligence agencies to ''intensify overseas intelligence work in order to
provide the party and the state with high-quality information.''
The directive, a copy of which was obtained by Kyodo News, does not name any
particular country as the target of the espionage.
But the sources who provided Kyodo News with the document said the target is
naturally the U.S. because it is the sole superpower following the collapse
of the Cold War structure, and the country with the greatest pool of high
technology.
A U.S. congressional committee is currently investigating China's alleged
theft of U.S. military secrets -- including long-range missile technology and
data on advanced nuclear warheads -- over the past two decades.
The committee is set to release a 700-page report Tuesday.
Last week, Congressman Chris Cox, who is heading a team to compile the
report, implied that his investigation had uncovered similar official Chinese
documents indicating Beijing's policy on intelligence.
''We know about top government directives in these areas and discovered that
there were some overall plans by the Communist Party Politburo directing the
acquisition of military technology,'' the California Republican told Kyodo
News.
The directive also includes strengthening China's counterespionage effort
against foreign spies inside China in order to ''turn over and infiltrate the
sedition movement, leading to the timely destruction of the enemy's
conspiracy.''
According to the sources, the directive was approved by the Politburo on July
2, 1992 -- more than a year into U.S. President Bill Clinton's first term,
and three years after Jiang Zemin took over as general secretary of the
Chinese Communist Party.
It was distributed to senior party and military officials in September of the
same year, the sources said.
James Lilley, who was U.S. ambassador to China under the administration of
President George Bush, said the directive is very consistent with the Chinese
leadership's goals at that time.
''I think they had a long-term program of doing this, and that they
reinforced it in 1992...I'm surprised they even classified it,'' Lilley told
Kyodo News.
Lilley, who now serves as a political analyst for the American Enterprise
Institute, said that following the 1989 Tiananmen Square crackdown on
pro-democracy activists, the Communist Party Politburo was particularly
paranoid about ''counterrevolutionary'' forces from Hong Kong and Taiwan.
''I think they were somewhat shattered by Tiananmen (and) morale wasn't
particularly good,'' Lilley said. ''They had to give people a jump-start --
get them interested in going overseas and working on targets and stopping
subversion of China.''
Last week, Cox told reporters that despite widespread leaks to the media
about his committee's investigation, the final report contains much ''fresh
reading'' that details an extensive, on-going effort by Beijing to acquire
advanced U.S. technology over the past two decades.
''The PRC (Peoples' Republic of China) efforts are constant and their gains
are constantly incremental,'' Cox said. ''Every once in awhile, there is an
espionage coup in which (they) will obtain something from inside the U.S.''
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