> Here is an opposite take on claiming fixes.  In the mid-1970s, I
> became involved in a system that had just come online with what was
> already an antiquated architecture:  CDC 6400 computers running SDC's
> TDMS for the database, with dumb terminals and other peripherals wired
> to "controllers", in use for mission-critical, real time data receipt,
> processing, and human analysis and reporting.  On several occasions,
> when the system broke down for mysterious reasons, and while running
> in degraded mode on the smaller of the two CPUs, the hardware people,
> applications programmers, and  systems programmers would all spend
> hours finding problems and fixing them until the system returned to
> normal operations.  At the end, I could find no one to take credit for
> detecting the root cause of the breakdown and fixing it.

The CDC 6600, and probably the CDC 6400 before that, had a fundamental
flaw: the core memory was NOT protected by parity checking.

Indeed, parity checking might not have been propagated throughout the
various processor units.

It was indeed possible, even very likely, that several "runs" of the same
program and data could and would produce different results.

I was, then, professionally involved in the development of a "finite
element method" computer-aided engineering program system for the design
of electric utility transmission towers, the large, lattice-type
structures which, in my specific case, was intended to carry this Nation's
largest municipal utility power over great distances, and at 500 kV ac
and/or 1000 kV dc.

It was insanity to use any computer system which could not be depended
upon to produce the same results, given the same data, every time. EVERY
TIME.

So, it was my task to take a CDC 6600 program which could design these
transmission towers and to convert it to IBM System/360.

This conversion was completely successful and my program was certified by
the structural engineering group of my employer.

The System/360 had several things going for it, although its floating
point was several binary digits less than CDC's: partity checking on each
and every unit and bus, and on main storage. Also, a three binary digit
system of "guard digits" to enhance (or maintain) floating-point
resolution before the final, "normalized" result was written.



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