We wanted to provide you with some additional detail regarding our
recent outage. On July 2nd, between 6:20 AM PT and 12:30 PM PT, all
applications experienced increased error rate and latency with
Datastore and memcache operations, as well as some serving errors.
Datastore access and serving were fully restored as of 12:25 PM PT.

Problem

There was a serious issue in one of App Engine's datacenters with GFS,
Google's low level storage system. GFS underlies Bigtable, which in
turn underlies App Engine's Datastore. GFS also provides storage for
our application serving infrastructure, so GFS unavailability caused
problems for Datastore reads and writes, as well as application
serving.

Resolution Efforts

Availability and data integrity are both very important to the App
Engine team. Typically, we would have switched to an alternate
datacenter immediately. However, due to the specific nature of this
problem, switching datacenters immediately meant that the most recent
data written by applications would not have been available, leading to
consistency problems for many applications.

The team decided to try to stabilize GFS first, then switch
datacenters. This was accomplished and we avoided any data consistency
issues.

Prevention

The team has been actively working on a solution in the medium-term
that would allow us to switchover datacenters immediately without
consistency problems.

Communication and Status

Many users noted that the System Status site was also down. The System
Status site is hosted separately from App Engine applications, and is
not typically affected by availability problems. However, due to the
low level problem with GFS in this case, the System Status site was
also affected. The team did post the downtime announcement and updates
on the Downtime Notification group, available here:
http://groups.google.com/group/google-appengine-downtime-notify

The App Engine team is continuing to work to improve the availability
and power of App Engine. Thanks for your patience.

Chris Beckmann
Product Manager, App Engine Team

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