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PAS : KE ARAH PEMERINTAHAN ISLAM YANG ADIL
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The movement of Sheikh Muhammad Ibn Ab Wahab
At the turn of the Twelfth Century after the Hijrah-The eighteenth century CE -
ignorance and backwardness in all venues of life afflicted the Islamic world. The
light of faith had faded from the hearts of many Muslims, and Shari'ah was smeared and
distorted, to the extent that many Muslims fell victims to various types of Shirk or
polytheism. They ascribed partners with Allah, and indulged in Jaheliyah (state of
religious ignorance) similar to that which was rampant before the advent of Islam.
Many Muslims in those days believed in the sacredness of certain persons, who were,
according to their twisted understanding, capable of granting them provisions,
victory, health, etc. Superstition, fables and innovations were abounding. Much wealth
and materials were wasted in building tombs and shrines to which they made pilgrimage,
and at whose thresholds they offered animal sacrifices. Furthermore, they glorified
and worshiped special trees and stones. They sought barakah or blessings from those
false Deities. It is a fact that people in Baghdad, for instance, used to seek barakah
from a rusted ottoman canon. They would take their children to this canon invoking it
to make them eloquent and fluent in speech.
In those days, the Arab peninsula was in an extreme state of division.
Every village had its own Emir, and the relations among those villages were
enmity-based, not to mention the bitter hostilities that characterized the
relationship between the cities and the rural areas. Individuals from the nomadic
tribes would seize any opportunity to raid and steal belongings and properties of the
dwellers of towns and cities. The pathways and road were unsafe and travel was
treacherous.
From the heart of that chaos, darkness and disorder, a voice was heard,
calling the people to return to the purity and beauty of aqueedah or faith, to the
pure belief and full servitude to Allah, the tawheed.
That voice was the voice of Shaikh Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab (1115-1206
AH/ 1791-1703 CE). He called for the renewal, revival and resurrection of the true
aspects and features of Islam that were then blurred or covered by false beliefs and
practices. Allah blessed the Shaikh's movement and efforts with success. His teachings
widely spread. His following began to grow in numbers.
That voice was the voice of Shaikh Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab (1115-1206
AH/ 1791-1703 CE). He called for the renewal, revival and resurrection of the true
aspects and features of Islam that were then blurred or covered by false beliefs and
practices. Allah blessed the Shaikh's movement and efforts with success. His teachings
widely spread. His following began to grow in numbers.
Mohammed Ibn Abdul Wahhab acquired Islamic sciences from his father who
too was a judge and a noted scholar. Then his appetite and yearning for knowledge took
him to Madinah in Hijaz region where he acquired Ilm (Islamic Knowledge) from a number
of scholars like Muhammad As-Sindi. After that he moved to Iraq where he studied
Hadeeth, jurisprudence and Arabic language. His original intention was to travel to
Damascus from Iraq, but for some reasons, he could not. Therefore, he went back to his
village al-Uyynah, and started propagating his teachings. He called upon his people to
abstain from the erroneous and unauthentic religious practices and follow the original
deen and Shari'ah that were embraced and practiced by the first and righteous
generation of Islam. He criticized and denied their polytheistic practices, rites and
inventions, not only theoretically, but he followed up his preaching with deeds. He
destroyed the shrines and tombs that were erected on the graves of his people's sacred
persons. He felled the trees that were glorified by people.
Soon the efforts of Ibn Abdul Wahhab and people around him started
yielding positive results. Many people came to him to learn Ilm. The news of this
Shaikh and his teachings hit the neighboring villages and towns. The ruling entities
in those areas and heads of the different tribes were worried and fearful of the
danger his teachings might pose to their authorities, for it calls for the liberation
of people from the darkness of ignorance and from the excesses and oppressions of
corrupted and manipulative establishments. And they were just right. So far, their
subjects' ignorance was the main guarantee for the survival and continuity of these
privileges.
Therefore, the heads of those villages and towns exerted tremendous
pressures on the chief of al-Uyynah to expel the Shaikh. The chief eventually
succumbed to their demand and asked Shaikh Ibn Abdul Wahhab to leave al-Uyynah.
Following his eviction from al-Uyynah the Shaikh headed for the village of
ad-Dir'iyah, which was, at that time, under the rule of Muhammad ibn Saud. Not only
did Ibn Saud accept the teachings of Ibn Abdul Wahhab and embraced his principles, but
he also pledged allegiance to him and his call for the application of the authentic
Shari'ah laws, and propagation of the pure Islamic teachings.
Consequently, Shaikh Ibn Abdul Wahhab began contacting the leaders, the
judges and the Imams of masajid in the Najd area acquainting them with his dawah. Some
of them responded positively to his call, others rejected it and a few even wrote
treatises denouncing and ridiculing his teachings. Shaikh Ibn Abdul Wahhab responded
by writing back commenting and refuting their objections. In the meantime, the army of
Ibn Saud was available to fight or scare those who dare to threat the safety of the
Shaikh or try to stop and limit the progress of spreading and teaching the revival of
the Islamic dawah. And after a short while the whole region of Najd and the
neighboring Eastern regions of Arabia accepted this dawah and became part of the new
revival movement of Islam.
Shaikh Mohammad ibn Abdul Wahhab lived to see the prevalence of his
principles-he was ninety years old when he died. At his death in 1218 CE, the whole
region of Hijaz and most of the regions of the Arab peninsula had become unified under
the banner of tawheed, the cornerstone of the dawah of Ibn Abdul Wahhab.
Tawheed mean denying all deities other than Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala.
And thus, no prophet, sacred person or angel deserves to be worshiped, or submitted
to. All must submit only to Allah and to him alone. Tawheed liberates humans from
their influence and domination of the clergy or any one who happens to manipulate
religion and use it to consolidate power or authority into his hands. It is a 'revolt'
against all forms of enslavement, and all attempts to compromise the dignity of the
human being. It rubs off traces of psychological defeat so that the Ummah will
continue to be capable of renewing itself; firmly believing in the approach it has
willingly chosen. Tawheed is the antonym of blind following that hampers the renewal.
It takes the human back to Allah's norms and laws that govern the universe. It unifies
the human psyche, and realizes the much-required balance between the spiritual
aspirations and the worldly inclinations. Tawheed also has practical manifestations:
it refines and polishes morals, brings peace of mind and comfort of conscience and
strengthens the trust of the believers in Allah, his creator. The utmost sin a man
could commit is to associate partners with Allah, and claim or believe that Allah's
Attributes and Acts or Ability can be similar to any of His creatures or vise versa. “
Abdullah ibn Masoud said: I asked the Prophet, sallallahu alayhe wa sallam: What is
the greatest sin ever? He answered: The greatest sin is to associate partners with
Allah who created you” (Muslim).
The influence of the dawah of Ibn Abdul Wahhab had reached far places in
India, Yemen and North Africa, because of the efforts and hard work of many scholars
and callers (du'at) who came to know the Islamic teachings, revived by the Shaikh,
during their visits to Makkah to perform Hajj or Umrah, the minor pilgrimage. They
were impressed by the simplicity and nobility of the revivalist dawah of Shaikh Ibn
Abdul Wahhab, and took pains to spread it in their countries and everywhere they
could.
Finally, I reiterate and stress that there is an important lesson to be
learned from the dawah of Ibn Abdul Wahhab and the striking success it achieved. A
lesson to be thought of and heeded by those of us who are seeking to restore to the
deen its past glory and influence. This lesson is that any Islamic revival movement
that aspires to success must be based on the basic fundamentals of Islam as they were
specified and practiced by the Prophet, sallallahu alayhe wa sallam. At the top of
these fundamentals is tawheed which in fact the thread that runs through the entire
body of the Islamic system of beliefs and worships. Shaikh Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab
grasped this fact and held it dearly and served it unwaveringly, and for that reason
his efforts in dawah flourished and achieved the marvelous success that we all know
and feel.
-----Original Message-----
From: "Jalalludin Rumi"<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED], [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Wed May 29 02:50:59 PDT 2002
Subject: H-Net* Wahhabis / Najdis/ la-madhhabis = Shaytan !!!
>
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>Assalamualaikum to all,
>
>Message - **HINDARILAH WAHHABI/LA MADHHABIS**
>-------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Satan always appeared in the figure of an old man of the Najd to
>Rasulullah (sall-Allahu 'alaihi wa sallam). When the disbelievers
>assembled at a place called Dar an-Nadwa in Mecca and decided to kill
>the Prophet, Satan appeared in the figure of an old man of the Najd
>and taught them how to carry out the murder, and they agreed to do as
>the Najdi old man said. Since that day, Satan has been called Shaikh
>an-Najdi. Hadrat Muhyiddin Ibn al-'Arabi writes in his work
>Al-musamarat: "When the Quraish disbelievers were repairing the Kaba,
>each of the heads of the tribes said that he was going to replace the
>valuable stone called al-Hajar al-aswad. Later they agreed that the
>person who came [to the Kaba] first the following morning would be
>the referee to choose one from among them to place the stone.
>Rasulullah (sall-Allahu 'alaihi wa sallam) was the first who came, he
>was twenty-five then, and they said they were going to obey what he
>said because he was trustworthy (amin). He said, "Bring a carpet and
>put the stone on it. You all hold the carpet at its sides and raise
>it to the level where the stone will be placed." After it was raised,
>he took the stone from the carpet with his blessed hands and set it
>at its place in the wall. At that moment. Satan appeared in the
>figure of the Shaikh an-Najdi and, pointing to a stone, said, "Put
>this beside it to support it." His real purpose was for the foul
>stone he pointed to fall in the future, so that the Hajar al-aswad
>would lose its steadiness and, consequently, people would consider
>Rasulullah (sall-Allahu 'alaihi wa sallam) inauspicious. Seeing this,
>Rasulullah (sall-Allahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said, "A'udhu bi'llahi min
>ash-shaitani 'r-rajim," and Satan immediately ran away, disappeared.'
>Because Muhyiddin ibn al-'Arabi (rahmat-Allahi ta'ala 'alaih), with
>this writing, made known to the world that the Shaikh an-Najdi was
>Satan, the la-madhhabi hate this great wali. They even call him a
>disbeliever. It is understood also from this passage that their
>leader was a Satan. For this reason, they destroy the blessed places
>inherited from Rasulullah (sall-Allahu 'alaihi wa sallam). They say
>that these places make people polytheists. If it were polytheism to
>pray to Allahu ta'ala in sacred places, Allahu ta'ala would not have
>ordered us to go for hajj; "Rasulullah (sall-Allahu 'alaihi wa
>sallam) would not have kissed the Hajar al-aswad while he was
>performing tawaf; nobody would pray at 'Arafat and Muzdalifa; stones
>would not be thrown at Mina, and Muslims would not walk between
>as-Safa and al-Marwa. These sacred places would not have been
>respected that much.
>
>salam~
>
>
>
>
>
>=====
>Through the window between heart and heart flashes the light that tells truth from
>lie.
>- Mevlana Of The Whirling Dervishes -
>
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