Mark Baugher wrote,

The demand for a shorter workday, of course, has a long history in
> socialism, Marx and Engels saw reductions in the workday to be strategic to
> the working class in its struggle.


Yes, indeed. The other side of that was that employer opposition to shorter
hours was fierce, unrelenting, and channeled through the press and vulgar
political economy. A ten-hour day would mean bankruptcy for business and
starvation for the workers, etc. In the event, predictions of doom turned
out to not only not be the case but the opposite. This didn't placate the
opposition to the 9-hour day, the 8-hour day and the shorter work week.

I've documented the long history of antagonism toward shorter working hours
and its insinuation into "economics." Nassau Senior was by no means the
last of the economists to be "summoned from Oxford to Manchester, to learn
in the latter place the political economy that he taught in the former." In
a kind of under-the-radar McCarthyism, arguments that originated in
National Association of Manufacturers propaganda became truisms of "Econ
101" with a little help from the "education department" of the National
Association of Manufacturers.

Cheers,

Tom Walker (Sandwichman)


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