On 1/19/2017 10:19 AM, John F Sowa wrote:
consider the following sentence:"I think that Tom believes Superman is real, but Mary knows he's just a character in a story." This sentence would have four UoDs: (1) the world that includes Tom, Mary, and me; (2) the UoD of my thought; (3)the UoD of Tom's belief, and (4) the UoD of Mary's knowledge.
I forgot to mention the universe of discourse of the story. A translation of that sentence to a version of logic would require five UoDs. You could map them to a single UoD that consisted of the union of all five -- but you would need to add some notation for keeping track of the different domains and the propositions about them. I discussed these issues in the following articles: Laws, facts, and contexts: Foundations for multimodal reasoning http://www.jfsowa.com/pubs/laws.htm Worlds, models, and descriptions http://www.jfsowa.com/pubs/worlds.pdf From existential graphs to conceptual graphs http://www.jfsowa.com/pubs/eg2cg.pdf Five questions on epistemic logic http://www.jfsowa.com/pubs/5qelogic.pdf John
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