Everybody probably already knows this, but a couple of notes on bolts & 
nuts.

Bolts are typically steel.  If they go into steel they are typically fine 
thread, but not always.  Sometimes using a taller nut and coarse thread is 
cheaper.
If they go into aluminum they are almost always coarse thread.  
For metric bolts, if they have a thread identifier they are typically fine 
thread.  No identifier means they are typically coarse thread.

For this exercise, if a Nitto stem requires a fine thread, the bolt would 
be a M8 1.0 x 23.  (8mm diameter, 1.0mm thread, 23mm length.) 
If a coarse thread was required - if, say, the triangular nut was aluminum 
- it would be a M8 x 23.  (8mm diameter, 1.25mm thread, 23mm length.)

So I trundle out to the garage and pull the bolt/nut from my standard Nitto 
110mm stem…  It came with a triangular nut, which is steel, and a fine 
thread M8 1.0 x 23 bolt (with a 1mm washer under the bolt head).
I look at my long Nitto 100mm stem.  Yes, I took it out of the pack just 
for this.  It came with a hex nut that is pretty close to the flat in the 
stem, and a 35mm long coarse thread bolt.  M8 x 35, also with a 1mm washer 
under the head.

But a note - there is something called a Japan Industrial Standard, or JIS.
Most metric M8 hex nuts are 13mm across the flats.  The M8 JIS hex nut is 
1mm smaller across the flat (12mm vs 13mm).
If a design was supposed to have a standard metric nut, and you got a JIS 
hex nut, it would be just a tad smaller than a standard nut and would be 
easier to rotate against the flat (Paul’s #4).
Out with the calipers again - the nut is 12mm across the flats.  But this 
design looks like it was JIS from the beginning (MY hex nut certainly 
doesn’t spin), so I have to go with Paul on this.  I think you just got a 
bad stem.

JIS is also used for other parts of a bicycle, like those derailleur 
stop-screws that don’t quite fit Phillips screwdrivers.

I don’t know if this helps at this point or is overcome by events, But if 
you just get a standard M8 coarse nut at Home Depot, it will eliminate the 
space between the nut and the shelf.

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