Re: question: text substitution using Perl
Dear Kevin,
Thanks a lot for your help. I have 3 derived questions from your script.
Question 1:
For the back references, you used ${1} for the 1st captured buffer,
while some books/people simply use $1, I'm wondering if you use {} as an
extra caution to make sure it refers to the 1st captured buffer in case
there are some digits followed.
Question 2:
line 1 perl -i.bak \
line 2-pe 's/ \$(\d+)\. / \$ebcdic${1}. /g;
line 3 s/ (\d+)\. / s370ff${1}. /g;' \
line 4your-directory-somewhere/*readme*
On the end of line 1 and 3, you have a back slash. Is it for separating
input to separated lines for better readability? If so, why is there no
back slash on the end of line 2?
Question 3:
You used a period . after ${1}, wouldn't it be safe to use \. as the
original string only ends with a period and we don't want to change it?
I think . can match any single character except a newline.
Thank you for your time.
Zhao
Kevin D. Clark wrote:
Zhao Peng writes:
substitution 1
The characteristic of original string:
1, always start with $
2, then followed by an integer, could be more than 1 digit, such as 23
3, always end with a period .
4, there is always a blank before after original string
For example: $2.
The characteristic of target string: always has ebcdic inserted into
the original string between $ and the integer
For example: $ebcdic2.
So the substitution will look like this
$2. - $ebcdic2.
$67. - $ebcdic67.
Should the regular expression for original string be: \$\d+\. ?
Looks pretty much right to me.
I would make this replacement like this:
s/ \$(\d+)\. / \$ebcdic${1}. /g;
The ${1} in there is something called a backreference.
The 'g' at the end of the line generally specifies do this as many
times as possible on each line.
substitution 2
The characteristic of original string:
1, always start with an integer, could be more than 1 digit, such as 23
2, then end with a period .
3, there is always a blank before after original string
For example: 2.
The characteristic of target string:
always has s370ff added to the beginning of original string
For example: s370ff2.
So the substitution will look like this
2. - s370ff2.
14. - s370ff14.
Should the regular expression for original string be: \d+\. ?
I would make this replacement like this:
s/ (\d+)\. / s370ff${1}. /g;
My real situation is that I have a bunch of files at one directory, of
which for the files whose name contained readme, I need to do 2
substitutions described above.
One way to quickly do this might be like this:
perl -i.bak \
-pe 's/ \$(\d+)\. / \$ebcdic${1}. /g;
s/ (\d+)\. / s370ff${1}. /g;' \
your-directory-somewhere/*readme*
This in itself makes a backup for you, but you might want to make your
own backup files beforehand.
Just another Perl hacker,
--kevin
___
gnhlug-discuss mailing list
gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org
http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
Re: question: text substitution using Perl
Mike and Kevin, Thank you both for quick, detailed, and crystal clarification and explanation. Just one more question: To the shell, anything inside of single quotes is a single argument, so all of the spaces, newlines, etc. in there are passed without shell interpretation (quoted from the Mike's answer to my 2nd question). Can this claim also be extended for double quotes? Thanks, Zhao mike ledoux wrote: The backslash on line 3 is interpreted by the shell as a line continuation, so yes, it is just for increased readability by letting you break a long command line over multiple lines. It is not needed at the end of line 2 because the end of line 2 is inside of single quotes. To the shell, anything inside of single quotes is a single argument, so all of the spaces, newlines, etc. in there are passed without shell interpretation. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
question: text substitution using Perl
Hi, Being a slow Perl learner who hasn't make much progress, I'm wondering if some kind souls could help me achieve the following 2 text substitution tasks detailed below. substitution 1 The characteristic of original string: 1, always start with $ 2, then followed by an integer, could be more than 1 digit, such as 23 3, always end with a period . 4, there is always a blank before after original string For example: $2. The characteristic of target string: always has ebcdic inserted into the original string between $ and the integer For example: $ebcdic2. So the substitution will look like this $2. - $ebcdic2. $67. - $ebcdic67. Should the regular expression for original string be: \$\d+\. ? substitution 2 The characteristic of original string: 1, always start with an integer, could be more than 1 digit, such as 23 2, then end with a period . 3, there is always a blank before after original string For example: 2. The characteristic of target string: always has s370ff added to the beginning of original string For example: s370ff2. So the substitution will look like this 2. - s370ff2. 14. - s370ff14. Should the regular expression for original string be: \d+\. ? My real situation is that I have a bunch of files at one directory, of which for the files whose name contained readme, I need to do 2 substitutions described above. Any input (and your time) is greatly appreciated. Thanks, Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss/
file size estimation
Hi, Suppose a EBCDIC file on a tape from IBM mainframe is read onto a Linux server, and this EBCDIC file on the tape has 100 records with a length of 13054, is it correct to estimate the size of the file on Linux server would be 1,305,400 bytes? Is block size information also needed to calculate the size? Please correct me if these terms are used incorrectly, also hopefully this question is not too OT. Thanks, Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
free notebook memory (256 MB)
Hi, I'm giving it away for free since I upgraded to 1 GB version, and don't have a spare slot for it . 200-Pin SO-DIMM notebook memory: Capacity is 256 MB, speed is DDR 266 (PC 2100) Drop me a line if anyone wants it. (I live in Norwich and work in Hanover) Thanks, Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
[FIXED]: remove linux, and then install Windows XP
Hi, It turned out the culprit of my booting problem is nothing but a non-functional Windows XP installer CD, which is suspected by some kind souls here. With a working XP CD, no problem whatsoever in terms of booting into XP installation mode. Before I found out XP CD is what to be blamed, I did both of following: First, dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1 when booted into Fedora rescue mode. After this, the system didn't show missing operating system message whenever the machine was restarted. Then, I did fdisk /mbr when booted from floppy. But after this, the system did show missing operating system whenever the machine was restarted. Isn't is true that fdisk /mbr and dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1 are supposed to achieve same purpose? If that's the case, why did they seem to have different consequence in terms of the message generated? So now I'm back to the same old Windows. Next step I plan to install Fedora or Ubuntu, depending on which can enable me to use USB device. (I know they both are supposed to be able to automatically support USB device) One more observation: Now whenever the system boots up, there is always 2 lines of message: unknown flash type boot from CD: What does unknown flash type refer to? Thank you for all your helpful solutions. Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
CLARIFICATION: Re: remove linux, and then install Windows XP
Hi, First I wanted to thank you all for your help. The list is so great. When I said Then I put in Windows XP installation CD and restarted computer in my original post, I really meant that I booted the machine from Windows XP installation CD. The CD/DVD drive is the 1st bootable drive. I double checked and verified it in BIOS setting. So my problem, at this point, is that I can't boot into Windows installation process, with that the CD drive set as the first bootable drive and the Windows XP installation CD is there. BUT, if I put into Fedora Core 5 installation DVD in the CD/DVD drive, the machine can get into Fedora installation mode. Please let me know if my description is not clear enough. P.S. Whenever I put Fedora Core 5 DVD in the CD/DVD drive, the machine always boot into Fedora installation mode, which I believe, means that The CD/DVD drive is 1st bootable drive. (well, could it be possible that Hard drive is the 1st bootable drive but can't boot from it?), Correct me if I'm wrong, please. Thank you again. BTW, Chris, I've NOT yet got Windows installed. Chris Linstid wrote: I could be wrong, but I think he already got Windows reinstalled, but he still has grub installed in the MBR and grub is looking for his /boot partition (which he already blew away)... thus the grub error. - Chris On Apr 26, 2006, at 10:34 AM, Neil Schelly wrote: It seems you're getting a lot of help with the MBR, but that isn't what you're looking for. You have/had Linux on there and want to install Windows over it instead. As far as I know, you just have to boot from the Windows install disc and it will be more than happy to just take over the hard disk regardless of whether or not your MBR or partition tables are clear. In your case, you said that instead of booting from the Windows installer disc, you saw a GRUB message instead of the Windows bootup. That would indicate to me that your BIOS is set to boot from the hard disk before the CD-ROM. So clearing your MBR will probably make the BIOS try and boot from the hard disk, fail, and then boot from the CD-ROM. But you may find it a whole lot easier to tell your BIOS to look to the CD-ROM first. -N ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: remove linux, and then install Windows XP
Tom, How can I find an correct number to put into count=? Thanks, Zhao Tom Buskey wrote: 3) I think on the linux rescue you can also do something like: dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/hda bs=2048 count=1 You may have to up the count. ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: CLARIFICATION: Re: remove linux, and then install Windows XP
Neil, That's a good suggestion, Thank you. I will try Windows installer disc on another machine when I get home tonight to see if it's in fact a good disc. Zhao Neil Schelly wrote: That would seem to indicate to me then that there's a problem with your Windows CD. Because GRUB was installed on your hard disk, it's still there (until Windows wipes it). But since you're seeing it with the Windows disc in the drive, that suggests your BIOS is giving up on finding a bootable image on that disc and is falling back to the next available boot method, your hard disk. Have you tried that Windows installer disc in another machine to verify that it is in fact a good disc? -N On Wednesday 26 April 2006 11:13 am, Zhao Peng wrote: Hi, First I wanted to thank you all for your help. The list is so great. When I said Then I put in Windows XP installation CD and restarted computer in my original post, I really meant that I booted the machine from Windows XP installation CD. The CD/DVD drive is the 1st bootable drive. I double checked and verified it in BIOS setting. So my problem, at this point, is that I can't boot into Windows installation process, with that the CD drive set as the first bootable drive and the Windows XP installation CD is there. BUT, if I put into Fedora Core 5 installation DVD in the CD/DVD drive, the machine can get into Fedora installation mode. Please let me know if my description is not clear enough. P.S. Whenever I put Fedora Core 5 DVD in the CD/DVD drive, the machine always boot into Fedora installation mode, which I believe, means that The CD/DVD drive is 1st bootable drive. (well, could it be possible that Hard drive is the 1st bootable drive but can't boot from it?), Correct me if I'm wrong, please. Thank you again. BTW, Chris, I've NOT yet got Windows installed. Chris Linstid wrote: I could be wrong, but I think he already got Windows reinstalled, but he still has grub installed in the MBR and grub is looking for his /boot partition (which he already blew away)... thus the grub error. - Chris On Apr 26, 2006, at 10:34 AM, Neil Schelly wrote: It seems you're getting a lot of help with the MBR, but that isn't what you're looking for. You have/had Linux on there and want to install Windows over it instead. As far as I know, you just have to boot from the Windows install disc and it will be more than happy to just take over the hard disk regardless of whether or not your MBR or partition tables are clear. In your case, you said that instead of booting from the Windows installer disc, you saw a GRUB message instead of the Windows bootup. That would indicate to me that your BIOS is set to boot from the hard disk before the CD-ROM. So clearing your MBR will probably make the BIOS try and boot from the hard disk, fail, and then boot from the CD-ROM. But you may find it a whole lot easier to tell your BIOS to look to the CD-ROM first. -N ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
remove linux, and then install Windows XP
Hi, With either Fedora Core 4 or Ubuntu 5.10, none of my USB device (flashdrive, usb mouse, usb external harddrive, etc...) works. So I decided to remove linux then install Windows XP, and then install linux to have a dual-boot system. The 1st link of Google results of install windows linux is on Microsoft website: http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;314458 The article says that I need to use Linux Setup floppy disk to use fdisk to delete linux partition. I am not sure what Linux Setup floppy disk meant, so I googled. The 2nd link of Google results of Linux Setup floppy disk is on Redhat website: https://www.redhat.com/archives/redhat-list/2005-March/msg00587.html One of 2 methods the thread suggested is to boot into rescue mode from linux installation CD. So I used Fedora Core 5 installation DVD and got into rescue mode by F5 Then I followed the steps listed on M$ article mentioned above, and deleted all linux partitions. Then I put in Windows XP installation CD and restarted computer. Sigh then I ended up with the following error message: GRUB Loading stage 1.5 GRUB loading, please wait... Error 22 ** The machine just hang there forever. One Google answer suggested that I can use fdisk /mbr to wipe the boot record clean, but in rescue mode of Fedora Core 5, this (/mbr) seemed an invalid option. Now, what should I do? I can't help but feel completely pathetic now, which is in part due to that I found out I have to assemble the bike I bought online from Costco. Gee, why couldn't they just ship me a ready-to-ride bike??? (of course this paragraph is apparently off-topic, so I'd better stop here). Thank you all in advance for the cures. Zhao ** ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
mouse problem on Redhat Enterprise
Good morning, I have a switch console (Belkin) which enable me to use only one mouse and one keyboard for a windows machine and a linux box. I'm having a problem with the mouse (ps/2) on linux box (RedHat Enterprise). Rehat can recognize it, but I just can't move cursor around as I intend to. This mouse works well on the windows machine. The same thing described above happened to another working mouse. So my feeling is that the problem has nothing to do with the mouse itself. Any suggestion as to how to make it work on Redhat? Thanks Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
[fixed] mouse problem on Redhat Enterprise
Hi, I just wanted to let you know that I deleted old mouse setting during the boot-up and it then automatically re-configured the mouse setting, and now it works. Thanks, Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
how to list file and sort by filename using ls
Now I should say good afternoon :) Using either ls -ul or ls -cl(which are supposed to sort by name according to manual, if I understood and used correctly), I just can't list files and sort them by filenames. Google results of key word sort by name linux ls is pretty much the same as man ls, not helpful. OS: Redhat Enterprise. Any clue? Thanks, Zhao P.S.sorry if this sounds UNbelievably naive/stupid. :) ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
how to list file and sort by filename using ls
output of echo $LANG: en_US.UTF-8 LANG=C ls -ul does do what I expected to do. What does C mean? character? Thank you, Kevin. Zhao 1: can you show us the output of the following: echo $LANG 2: Does this do what you want?: LANG=C ls -ul I'll bet that the output of ls is sorted, but just not in the order that you expected. Regards, ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
list of commands utilities [WAS: change file names]
Hello All, With the recent change file names experience, I'm wondering if there is a simply way to get a comprehensive list of A*L*L available commands utilities on a given linux OS.(Mine is Red Hat Enterprise). If so, how? If I have the list, I definitely will go through it to see if I could find any command/utility which might be helpful for solving my problem, before I post any question here. Thanks a lot! Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: list of commands utilities [WAS: change file names]
Bruce, type the tab key twice worked well on my system, thank you! I have 2 different userid on the system. One has Display all 2430 possibilities, another one has Display all 2457 possibilities. Why are they different? (Because some commands are not available for some userid?) Zhao Bruce Dawson wrote: Just list all the files in the directories in the PATH variable - that's where Unix finds all its commands. You can do this with the following command: for dir in `echo $PATH | sed -e 's/:/ /g' ` ; do ls $dir ; done Note the two different quotes are used ` is the back-tick - usually on the same key as the ~ charater. And the ' - is the single quote. Another method, if you're using the 'bash' shell, is to just type the tab key twice. Note that it'll print more than 1 thousand commands on the typical Linux system. - --Bruce ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
how to make a computer to function as a router
Hi, all linux experts:I have 2 computers (A B)A:a desktop (running Fedora Core 4), has 2 ethernet cards. (When I installed Fedora Core 4 on A, I chose server among 4 installation types, and I chose DHCP for both ethernet cards.) One card is connected to a Motorala cable modem via a Cat5 cable. Another one is an extra one, not used now.(BTW, I'm using Adelphia rhigh speed internet)B:a laptop (running Windows XP professional) I heard that it's possible to make A a router, so that I connect B to A via a Cat5 cable (not interested in wireless), and then both A and B can get online at the same time My question is:How to re-configure those 2 ethernet cards and do other necessary modification? Any input/clue is greatly appreciated. Specific step-by-step instruction(if I'm lucky) is extremely welcome! :)Thank you in advance!Zhao
Re: a question about evim
Hi,Thanks for pointing out that the filename~ file is actually the backup file. So I agree with you that it would be safe not to overriding this behavior.Thank you again for prompt reply. ZhaoOn 1/25/06, Michael Nolin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: --- Zhao Peng [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, I have a simple question about evim (Easy Vim). Whenever I use evim to edit a file, say abc.txt, a same-name file plus ~ is always created. In this case, it will be abc.txt~. It's a bit annoying to me.For gvim its in the Edit pull downSettings menu set bdir=.,/home/mnolin/tmp,/home/mnolin/backupext file name extension for the backup fileset bex=~backups are usually a good thing so I haven't botheredto override this behavior. Though I do get swap file already existsmessages.Michael Nolin__Do You Yahoo!?Tired of spam?Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com
Re: extract string from filename
Kevin,
Thank you very much! I really appreciate it.
I like your find approach, it's simple and easy to understand.
I'll also try to understand your perl approach, when I got time to start
learning it. (Hopefully it won't be un-fulfilled forever)
I have one more question:
Is it possible to number the extracted string2?
Say, the output file contains the following list of extracted string2:
st
region
local
Any idea about what command to use to number the list to make it look
like below:
1 st
2 region
3 local
Again, thank you for your help and time!
Zhao
Kevin D. Clark wrote:
Zhao Peng writes:
I'm back, with another extract string question. //grin
find FOLDERNAME -name \*sas7bdat -print | sed 's/.*\///' | cut -d _ -f 2 | sort -u
somefile.txt
or
perl -MFile::Find -e 'find(sub{$string2 = (split /_/)[2]; $seen{$string2}++; }, @ARGV);
map { print $_\n; } keys(%seen)' FOLDERNAME
(which looks more readable as:
perl -MFile::Find -e 'find(sub{ $string2 = (split /_/)[2];
$seen{$string2}++;
}, @ARGV);
map { print $_\n; } keys(%seen)' \
FOLDERNAME somefile.txt
)
Either of which solves the problem that you describe. Actually, they
solve more than the problem that you describe, since it wasn't
apparent to me if you had any subdirectories here, but this is solved too)
(substitute FOLDERNAME with your directory's name)
Honestly, the first solution I present is the way I would have solved
this problem myself. Very fast this way.
Regards,
--kevin
___
gnhlug-discuss mailing list
gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org
http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
extract string from filename
Hi all, I'm back, with another extract string question. //grin I have almost 1k small files within one folder. The only pattern of the file names is: string1_string2_string3_string4.sas7bdat Note: 1, string2 often repeat itself across each file name For example: abc_st_nh_num.sas7bdat abc_st_vt_num.sas7bdat abc_st_ma_num.sas7bdat abcd_region_NewEngland_num.sas7bdat abcd_region_South_num.sas7bdat 2, All 4 strings contain no underscores. 3, 4 strings are separated by 3 underscores (as you can see) 4, The length of all 4 strings are not fixed. My goal is to : 1, extract string2 from each file name 2, then sort them and keep only unique ones 3, then output them to a .txt file. (one unique string2 per line) I tried to use cut commands, but can't even figure out how to use the filenames as input. Anyone care to offer me a hint? I also downloaded an e-book called Learning Perl (OReilly, 4th.Edition), and had a quick look thru its Contents of Table, but did not find any chapter which looks likely addressing any issue related to my question. Thank you very much! Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
extract string
Hi Suppose that I have a file called abc.txt, which contains the following 5 lines (columns are delimited by ,) name,age,school jerry ,21,univ of Vermont jesse,28,Dartmouth college jack,18,univ of Penn john,20,univ of south Florida My OS is RedHat Enterprise, how could I extract the string which contains univ and create an output file called def.txt, which only has 3 following lines: univ of Vermont univ of Penn univ of south Florida Please suggest the simplest command line approach. Thank you. Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: extract string
Kenny, Thank you for your suggestion. The following line works: grep univ abc.txt | cut -f3 -d, dev.txt. While the following line intended to remove quotes does NOT work: grep univ abc.txt | cut -f3 -d, | sed s/\//g dev.txt It resulted in a line starts with prompt, and not output dev.txt Could you please double-check or modify it? Also, if one column is missing, and , is used to indicate that missing column, like the following (2nd column of 3rd line is missing): name,age,school jerry ,21,univ of Vermont jesse,,,Dartmouth college jack,18,univ of Penn john,20,univ of south Florida Does the cut approach still apply? If not, what command would you suggest to address this missing issue? Thank you again. Zhao [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Actually, if you are looking for only lines that contain the string univ, then you would want to grep for it: grep univ abc.txt | cut -f3 -d, dev.txt. Paul's example would give you the third field of each line, even if they don't have univ in them. Now, if you wanted to remove the quotes, then you would need something like: grep univ abc.txt | cut -f3 -d, | sed s/\//g dev.txt FYI, Kenny -- Original message -- From: Whelan, Paul [EMAIL PROTECTED] Like so: cat abc.txt | cut -d, -f3 Thanks. -Original Message- From: Zhao Peng [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, January 10, 2006 11:51 AM To: gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org Subject: extract string Hi Suppose that I have a file called abc.txt, which contains the following 5 lines (columns are delimited by ,) name,age,school jerry ,21,univ of Vermont jesse,28,Dartmouth college jack,18,univ of Penn john,20,univ of south Florida My OS is RedHat Enterprise, how could I extract the string which contains univ and create an output file called def.txt, which only has 3 following lines: univ of Vermont univ of Penn univ of south Florida Please suggest the simplest command line approach. Thank you. Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Follow-up: Red Hat / Fedora dual boot
Ben, The content of /etc/redhat-release file shows: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 2) Thank you. Zhao Ben Scott wrote: [CC'ing the list with the OP's permission. Please include the list in any replies.] On 1/2/06, Zhao Peng [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Thank you for still paying attention to my partition problem. Sure thing. Sorry for the delay in getting back to you. :) 1 What release of Red Hat Enterprise Linux are you running? It's Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS (2.6.9-22.EL) I'm most interested in the release of the whole distribution. RHEL 2.1, 3, 4...? If you're not sure, you should be able to find out by taking a look at the /etc/redhat-release file. 2.6.9-22.EL is the kernel version. I suppose kernel 2.6 implies RHEL 4, but I'd like to be sure. Once I know what distribution and release you have, I can look up what tools it ships with, and what features it enables, that we might have to worry about. 2 What are your partitions used for? df output: Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/hda5 5036284 1130792 3649660 24% / /dev/hda1 101086 8508 87359 9% /boot none241772 0241772 0% /dev/shm /dev/hda7 6192896 42204 5961952 1% /home /dev/hda2 5036316 3299548 1480936 70% /usr /dev/hda3 5036316105340 4675144 3% /var Okay, it looks like you're in good shape. Particular things I note from the above: - You're using plain partitions (not LVM or RAID or whatever) - You have a separate boot partition (hda1) - You have a big home partition (hda7), with plenty of space free, at the end of the disk The easiest way to tackle a dual-boot would then be: - Shrink your home partition down to make room - Install the new system in an additional partition (hda8) - Share the same swap partition (hda6) for both installs - Share the same boot partition (hda1) for both installs - Possibly share the home partition (but one thing at a time) First, before proceeding, the obligatory warning: *BACK UP EVERYTHING*. If you don't have proper backups, you're gonna loose data. Maybe not for this adventure, but eventually. Even if you decide not to try this, you should still back up everything. It's the one rule that applies regardless of hardware or OS. You have been warned. The kernel boot files (vmlinuz and initrd) have unique names across Red Hat distributions, so you have use the same boot partition for both distros. This actually works out in your favor. Each can install it's own kernel files in the boot partition, update the grub config file, and generally be happy. GRUB will let you choose between installs at boot. I'm pretty sure the Red Hat installer, anaconda, will handle it all for you. The swap partition isn't used between boots, so you can use the same one for both installs. The exact commands you'll need to use to resize your home partition will depend on the release of RHEL, as well as the file system type. I expect you have an EXT3 filesystem, but again, best to be sure. Use the mount command to see what is currently mounted. You should see a line that looks something like this: /dev/hda7 on /home type ext3 (rw) Just report the type -- in the above, ext3. Once we've got the details established, we should be well on our way. swapon -s output: Nothing showed in terminal. Odd. swapon -s should show you the status (currently active) swap spaces. From your df output, it's a pretty good bet that hda6 is your swap partition, and you reported the same in a previous post. I would expect it to be there. Well, it's probabbly not worth worrying about. Cheers! -- Ben ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: extract string
Hi All, First I really cannot be more grateful for the answers to my question from all of you, I appreciate your help and time. I'm especially touched by the outpouring of response on this list., which I have never experienced before anywhere else. Secondly I'm sorry for the big stir-up as to homework problems which flooded the list, since I'm origin of it. Kenny, your grep univ abc.txt | cut -f3 -d, | sed s/\//g dev.txt works. I mis-read /\ as a simliar sign on the top of 6 key on the keyboard(so when I typed that sign, I felt strange that it is much smaller than /\, but didn't realize that they just are not the same thing), instead of forward slash and back slash. I felt really embarrassed with my stupid mistake. //blush Kenny, regarding missing column issue, let me try to explain it again. Below is quoted from my original post: Also, if one column is missing, and , is used to indicate that missing column, like the following (2nd column of 3rd line is missing): name,age,school jerry ,21,univ of Vermont jesse,,,Dartmouth college jack,18,univ of Penn john,20,univ of south Florida === You said that there is an extra column in the 3rd line. I disagree with you from my perspective. As you can see, there are 3 commas in between jesse and Dartmouth college. For these 3 commas, again, if we think the 2nd one as an merely indication that the value for age column is missing, then the 3rd line will be be read as [jesse, MISSING, Dartmouth college], not [jesse,empty,empty, Dartmouth college] as you suggested. Paul, as to your simplest by what measurement question. I was thinking of both easiest to remember and easiest to understand when I was posting my question. Now I desire for most efficient approach. I know that will be my homework. BTW, A bit about me: I'm a junior SAS programmer at Dartmouth Medical school. (FYI: core strength of SAS lies in statistical analysis, I think, so you could say it's a statistical software, check www.sas.com). We run SAS on a RedHat server, but I basically know nothing about linux before I started working on this position(July, 2005). Fortunately, SAS programming doesn't require much linux knowledge. However, as you can imagine, at least I need to know some basic linux commands since I work on linux platform. Part of my primary job responsibilities is to convert raw data into SAS data sets. My extract string question comes from processing a raw data file in .txt format, which doesn't have any documentation, except the variable list. By looking at the raw data, I know that each variable is separated by a comma. For one particular variable(column) called school, the length of some of its value is quite long(like: Univ of Wisconsin at Madison, Health Sci Ctr), but I don't know the definite length. I need to know it, because if the length I specify it not enough, only partial values will be read. Many of its values contain univ, so I just thought if I could extract all strings containing univ from that variable(column), I will have a better chance to figure out the length of school. That's why I had this question. Thank you all again! Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Follow-up: Red Hat / Fedora dual boot
Hi Jerry, Thanks for your suggestions. Below is what I did. 1 regular boot up from Knopixx 2 bring up konsole 3 su - 4 swapoff /dev/hda6 5 qtparted For step 5, I got a line saying qtparted: cannot connect to X server So I started qtparted via K menu - systems, and tried to resize hda4 (which is extended partition, and still the only partition the resize is not gray-out). Hda4 has size of 46.04 gb, consisting of hda5 thru hda7, used space for these 3 partitions is less than 1 gb. So I right-clicked on hda4, and selected resize, and set Free after space at 40 gb, and committed change from File menu. The pop-up windows says that the operation is successful. BUT, hda4 is still 46.04 gb, and nothing changed! So I tried to commit changes from Device menu, the operation is also successful, but it didn't make any difference: hda4 was NOT resized. Gee, I'm sooo frustrated. //crying.. z ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
Re: Follow-up: Red Hat / Fedora dual boot
Thank you folks. Now I was able to start qtparted from shell as root. But, I ran into the following error message: Filesystem has incompatible feature enabled Same error happened when I used parted. Not surprising, I believe qtparted is sort of GUI version of parted. I googled and found no good solution to solve the problem above. The whole dual-boot thing has been time-consuming, and I think it's time for me to forget it and get some real work done. Thank you all again. Zhao On 12/30/05, Neil Schelly [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Friday 30 December 2005 09:42 am, Zhao Peng wrote: 1 regular boot up from Knopixx 2 bring up konsole2a xhost + 3 su - 4 swapoff /dev/hda6 5 qtparted For step 5, I got a line saying qtparted: cannot connect to X server That will be fixed by step 2a added above. So I started qtparted via K menu - systems, andtried to resizeThat means you didn't open QTParted as root.The step I added above will let you do just that, by opening up permissions to your X session to other users(ie root).Normally, X sessions are only accessible to the user runningthem. Gee, I'm sooo frustrated. //crying.. No need for that now... ;-)-N
Follow-up: Red Hat / Fedora dual boot
Hi, I'm back to bug you guys on this thread. (BTW, It's very likely that I may use some terms incorrectly, due to my unfamiliarity with linux. Sorry about that. :) ) In case you may forget, let me repeat my situation: only 1 hard drive, and only RedHat Enterprise installed on it, and no unallocated free space. In order to resize the hard drive to give some space to Fedora, I used Qtparted on Knoppix live DVD (I don't have Partition Magic). Unfortunately it didn't work. My current RedHat partition is as follows: hda1 ext3 hda2 ext3 hda3 ext3 hda4 extended hda5 ext3 hda6 swap hda7 ext3 Note: hda4 consists of hda5, hda6, and hda7. When I right-click on the above partitions one by one, resize is gray-out for all partitions, except hda4. So I went ahead to resize hda4. I set Free space after to 30 gb. (hda4 has 42 gb, and no more than 3 gb is used). Then I got a small pop-up window w/o any information on it, except for a question mark. I googled and found the table at this link: http://qtparted.sourceforge.net/features.en.html From this table, I suspect that Qtparted can NOT resize ext3/ext2 type partition. Am I right? If this is the case, what other EASY tools do you recommend me to try? (I also tried Gparted live CD at http://gparted.sourceforge.net/livecd.php, but had problems booting the machine from it) Thank you for all input you have given. I really appreciate that. Zhao ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
any good light shareware/freeware to detect hardware configuration?
Hi,This morning around 11:00am I'm going to buy an used desktop.Before I make the purchase, I hope to know its hardware specifics.So could anyone please shed some light on what small shareware/freeware I can try to detect hardware configuration? Thank you very much!ZhaoBTW,The seller asks for around $300 for this desktop (Shuttle XPC Mini Desktop Computer: 60 GB HD, DVD-RW Drive, 512 DDR Memory. Condition: like new). Does it sound a fair price given the information in his Ad above?
Re: any good light shareware/freeware to detect hardware configuration?
I don't know what operating system is on that desktop, but I suppose it's not Linux. So my question might well be off-topic here, but I wanted to try my luck here, since this group looks very active and you guys are quite responsive to any question, including a recent thread about where to buy a new system :) Thanks, Zhao Zhao Peng wrote: Hi, This morning around 11:00am I'm going to buy an used desktop. Before I make the purchase, I hope to know its hardware specifics. So could anyone please shed some light on what small shareware/freeware I can try to detect hardware configuration? Thank you very much! Zhao BTW, The seller asks for around $300 for this desktop (Shuttle XPC Mini Desktop Computer: 60 GB HD, DVD-RW Drive, 512 DDR Memory. Condition: like new). Does it sound a fair price given the information in his Ad above? ___ gnhlug-discuss mailing list gnhlug-discuss@mail.gnhlug.org http://mail.gnhlug.org/mailman/listinfo/gnhlug-discuss
