[amsat-bb] (no subject)
Hi AMSATERS The kids at Paul Breaux Middle School in Lafayette, La are forming a school radio club. Their first meeting will be at 10:20 AM CDT Thursday September 15th. If you could tune in on EchoLink node 370324 (the 146.82 W5DDL repeater) at 10:30 for a quick demo it would be helpful. The younger you are the more the kids will identify with you, but old guys like myself it is O.K. If you can meet us on the air pleas reply to this email. Thanks nick Office 337 593 8700 Cell 337 258 2527 Helping UL become a world Class Engineering and Educational School ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: ARISSAT telemetry - no kursk frames
Mike, Had it just come out of eclipse? I have seen no Kursk frames when it just came on just after eclipse...I think the Kursk Experiment isn't running quite yet, so no frames to xmit. So yes, I saw this yesterday :) Also, to confirm W5RKN---I have seem some "all 0" frames too...you can hear hear it on the audio actually :) Mark N8MH At 08:23 AM 9/15/2011 +0200, you wrote: >Hi all, >I had a 1 deg pass this morning and could grab 18 telemetry frames (!). >Interesting was that I received no one KURSK frame. >Can someone confirm this? > >73, Mike >DK3WN > >___ >Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. >Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! >Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] PCSAT NO-44
Hi all, I'm trying to digipeat through NO-44 but to no avail. Using a Kenwood TM-D700 on 145.825MHz and ARISS,W3ADO-1 as the path. I've tried different paths and still no go. I see stations in Japan show up on http://www.findu.com/cgi-bin/pcsat.cgi only minutes after a pass over Australia. So I'm thinking if they can, why can't I. Do I need any other settings? 73, Rick VK6XLR ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: 10Mhz ocxo
Hi Andy, The OCXO should be fine to drive either DEMI or DB6NT transverters. On the VFC pin, they usually tune over a range 0-5v. Sometimes you can just let them float, but it's usually better to tie them to a stable voltage source. You really need to measure it to find out. I personally would not let the VFC pin float. 73, Mike, N1JEZ AMSAT 29649 "A closed mouth gathers no feet" - Original Message - From: "Andy Brian" Subject: [amsat-bb] Re: 10Mhz ocxo Hi, I forgot to add the link to ebay http://www.ebay.com/itm/Trimble-high-stability-Oscillator-OCXO-49422-C-10Mhz-/300593424944?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0&hash=item45fcc3aa30 Thanks regards AB On Wed, Sep 14, 2011 at 9:25 AM, Andy Brian wrote: Hi, I bought 10mhz OCXO Trimble from ebay and I can't find any datasheet so I'm looking how to connect the pins VFC Vref and if this OCXO is good enough for 10Mhz reference for transverters maybe (like db6nt, demi). Can I leave pins VFC and Vref not connected? Any helps very welcome, thanks, regards AB ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] SatPC32 via USB2Serial not working (Error reading comm device.)
Hi, Thanks for reading this message. Because I do not have enough serial ports in my computer, I bought a USB to serial converter from StarTech. It is a 4-port version. (ICUSB2324X) I switched my FT-847 from a buildin serial com1 to com3 (the USB to Serial one.) Everything seemed okay, until I wanted to use SatPC32. When I start SatPC32 the CAT option lighstup in my FT-847 display and then I get the error message: "Error reading comm device." I have looked around to see if there is a setup option that can solve this, but I am unable to find one. Is there anybody out there who knows of a way to solve this? Other programs work fine, for example HRD 5. Here some hardware information: - Using a HP Compaq 3GHz P4 HT with 2G memory running Windows XP - EN SP3. - Yaesu FT-847 - SatPC32 V.12.8a (2009) 73 Jan PE0SAT ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] HudsonValleySatcomNet Tonight Sept15@8PMEastern
Hello all it is time again for the Hudson Valley Satcom Group Net tonight Sept 15 @8PM on Echolink N2EYH-L. Please join us for the net. We can also be heard on the Mt Beacon 146.970 pl 100 repeater. 73 Gary WA2AQH ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: SatPC32 via USB2Serial not working (Error reading comm device.)
Hi Jan, Be sure the baudrate is set correctly in your SatPC32. It's under Setup > Radio Setup then in the dropdown list next to your radio, change "Model" to "Baudrate" and make sure it matches what your radio is using. It's not always obvious that the little drop-down there has a second menu setting. Also double-check your USB-serial converter settings (Windows Device Manager, right-click each port and choose properties) to be sure the baud rate and stop/start bits are all OK just to be safe. 73 de Dave KB5WIA On Thu, Sep 15, 2011 at 1:03 PM, PE0SAT wrote: > > Hi, > > Thanks for reading this message. > > Because I do not have enough serial ports in my computer, I bought a USB > to serial converter from StarTech. It is a 4-port version. (ICUSB2324X) > > I switched my FT-847 from a buildin serial com1 to com3 (the USB to > Serial one.) > > Everything seemed okay, until I wanted to use SatPC32. When I start > SatPC32 the CAT option lighstup in my FT-847 display and then I get the > error message: "Error reading comm device." > > I have looked around to see if there is a setup option that can solve this, > but I am unable to find one. > > Is there anybody out there who knows of a way to solve this? Other programs > work fine, for example HRD 5. > > Here some hardware information: > > - Using a HP Compaq 3GHz P4 HT with 2G memory running Windows XP - EN SP3. > - Yaesu FT-847 > - SatPC32 V.12.8a (2009) > > > 73 Jan PE0SAT > > ___ > Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! > Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb > ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: SatPC32 via USB2Serial not working (Error reading comm device.)
You may also need to check the "RTS +12V" box on the Radio Setup tab. Paul Delaney - K6HR paul.hamra...@verizon.net http://k6hr.dyndns.org:8080 > -Original Message- > From: amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org [mailto:amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org] On > Behalf Of David Palmer KB5WIA > Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2011 06:41 > To: pe0...@vgnet.nl > Cc: amsat-bb@amsat.org; erich.eichm...@t-online.de > Subject: [amsat-bb] Re: SatPC32 via USB2Serial not working (Error reading > comm device.) > > Hi Jan, > > Be sure the baudrate is set correctly in your SatPC32. It's under > Setup > Radio Setup then in the dropdown list next to your radio, > change "Model" to "Baudrate" and make sure it matches what your radio > is using. It's not always obvious that the little drop-down there has > a second menu setting. > > Also double-check your USB-serial converter settings (Windows Device > Manager, right-click each port and choose properties) to be sure the > baud rate and stop/start bits are all OK just to be safe. > > 73 de Dave KB5WIA > > On Thu, Sep 15, 2011 at 1:03 PM, PE0SAT wrote: > > > > Hi, > > > > Thanks for reading this message. > > > > Because I do not have enough serial ports in my computer, I bought a USB > > to serial converter from StarTech. It is a 4-port version. (ICUSB2324X) > > > > I switched my FT-847 from a buildin serial com1 to com3 (the USB to > > Serial one.) > > > > Everything seemed okay, until I wanted to use SatPC32. When I start > > SatPC32 the CAT option lighstup in my FT-847 display and then I get the > > error message: "Error reading comm device." > > > > I have looked around to see if there is a setup option that can solve > this, > > but I am unable to find one. > > > > Is there anybody out there who knows of a way to solve this? Other > programs > > work fine, for example HRD 5. > > > > Here some hardware information: > > > > - Using a HP Compaq 3GHz P4 HT with 2G memory running Windows XP - EN > SP3. > > - Yaesu FT-847 > > - SatPC32 V.12.8a (2009) > > > > > > 73 Jan PE0SAT > > > > ___ > > Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. > > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite > program! > > Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb > > > ___ > Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! > Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: Which Mobile Mag Mount?
Everyone's comments are correct and valid within their context. But the original question was optimizing for the casual mobile operator in motion. So here are some additional considerations... > Second, any "vertical" antenna...will have a [null overhead] > So, think about it: A GREAT pass of 90 degrees goes overhead > your vertical is valueless during the middle of that great pass. True, but when we put some actual numbers on that, the loss is quite insignificant. Using AO51, only one pass every 5 days goes above 82 degrees, and the total duration above 82 degrees is 24 seconds, out of all in view times. So we agree, the antenna is valueless, but for under 1% of the time. The tradeoff is that it is 3 dB better most of the rest of the time... The measured elevation profile of a 3/4 wave vertical (a 19.5" whip on the 435 downlink) is shown 80% down the page http://aprs.org/astars.html. The overhead null is only 10 dB down at 82 degrees... BUT the satellite is 10 dB closer at that point, so you still hear it almost the same as when it came above 25 degrees. So you get full sky coverage above 25 degrees > 99% of the time with the vertical. > Ideally - in a car - ... stopping and parking and getting a > vertical perpendicular to the orbit of the satellite would > give best results. > Then maybe a Larsen mag mount... And bend - er, I mean, > "re-form" that whip right at the base so that it is about > 20" bent. you'll be more successful with the FM birds! Yes, good idea, but now there is some directionality and so the car needs to remain pointed towards the satellite during the pass. Otherwise there is still the null, it is just in a different part of the sky. > 1. If the satellite is circular polarization the 19.5 " whip looses 3 dB of gain. Yes, but most people have observed a polarization shift during overhead passes. And in that case, the loss of a circularized antenna is much worse than 3 dB... usually a complete fade. SO I agree, a circular antenna gets 3 dB better half the time, and much worse the other half the time. I prefer the simplicity of the whip that does not give up more than 3dB no matter what the polarization is. Mounting a quadrifilar on the roof of the mobile is also problematic. > 2. The common Quadrifilar Antenna is 1/2 wave 1/2 turn. > The 1 wavelength, 1 turn Quadrifilar Antenna has its > highest gain near or at the horizon depending on the > length to diameter ratio. But it is still only a 3 dB gain antenna out there, and so it is not going to hear the satellite down on the horizon anyway because the satellite is 10 dB farther away and usually blocked for the mobile. So having gain on the horizon for a mobile omni antenna is wasted. It either is not enough or it creats additional nulls higher up. Better to move that gain higher up but smooth where the satellite is closer and then have good contacts, than waste gain where it is already insufficient or problematic. Just different perspectives, but the devil is in the details... Bob, Wb4APR ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: SatPC32 via USB2Serial not working (Error reading commdevice.)
Hi Jan, does CAT control work correctly if you connect the FT-847 to the physical COM 1, particularly with SSB sats (FO-29, VO-52, AO-07)? The program reads the RX VFO frequency once per second to allow transparent tuning (that means you can tune the radio with the VFO knob). I suppose your FT-847 is not one of the first on the market? These first radios didn't allow to read the VFO. Is there a difference between SSB sats and FM sats? CAT control of the FT-847 works flawlessly for many years already. I use it with physical ports (built in and via PCI card) and with my 4-Port Keyspan USB-to-serial adapter and it works also with a Prolific and FTDI single port USB-to-serial adapter under Windows XP, Vista and Windows 7, 32- and 64-bit. My settings in menu "Radio Setup": CAT baudrate 57600 (at the radio menu 37), CAT delay 20, option "Satellite mode" checked, other options unchecked. My previous mail to you was bounced by the mail delivery system. So, I send it also via AMSAT-BB. 73s, Erich, DK1TB - Original Message - From: "PE0SAT" To: Cc: Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2011 3:03 PM Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 via USB2Serial not working (Error reading commdevice.) Hi, Thanks for reading this message. Because I do not have enough serial ports in my computer, I bought a USB to serial converter from StarTech. It is a 4-port version. (ICUSB2324X) I switched my FT-847 from a buildin serial com1 to com3 (the USB to Serial one.) Everything seemed okay, until I wanted to use SatPC32. When I start SatPC32 the CAT option lighstup in my FT-847 display and then I get the error message: "Error reading comm device." I have looked around to see if there is a setup option that can solve this, but I am unable to find one. Is there anybody out there who knows of a way to solve this? Other programs work fine, for example HRD 5. Here some hardware information: - Using a HP Compaq 3GHz P4 HT with 2G memory running Windows XP - EN SP3. - Yaesu FT-847 - SatPC32 V.12.8a (2009) 73 Jan PE0SAT ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] aa5ck road trip
Thanks to everyone for the Sat QSOs during my trip the past week. I had a great time viewing scenery that I hadn't seen in a while and working the Sats! There were even QSLs waiting for me when I arrived home yesterday evening! If you haven't sent one yet, SASEs and return cards are certainly not necessary. I'll eventually get cards out to everyone, and LOTW updated. Thanks againtedaa5ck ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: Good mobile antennas to use
But this is not what a 19.5" whip does. The 1/4 (3/4) wave 19.5" whip does not have gain on the horizon (so it is rarely used for terrestrial mobile) but its pattern is ideal for satellite work on high passes. It does NOT then have a null in its pattern that causes the "crappy" contacts, and it does have plenty of gain above about 25 degrees and it is a smooth pattern not like the multi lobes of a standard mobile gain antenna. Hi Bob, This is off topic and didn't want to start something on the list... :), but can I convert my current magmount gain antenna simply by replacing the whip or is the "gain" stuff in the magmount itself? If so, would any thin steel rod do? I'd really like to give this a try! 73's Peter VE7NGP ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: Good mobile antennas to use
When I was mobiling a lot I used quarter wave antennas on 2M and 70CM. Preamp on the receiver,and just a dual-band mobile FM rig, and at times just a dual band HT in the car. Receiving was the hard part, but at the time UO-14, AO-27, SO-35 had pretty good downlink signals. And as far as a mag-mount goes, Anything that doesn't blow off the car at 70 MPH will be fine ! 73, John, K6YK with about 4,000 mobile QSO's in the log. 57-Year-Old Mom Looks 25 Mom Reveals $5 Wrinkle Trick That Has Angered Doctors! http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3141/4e722c0b930bd29360dst04vuc ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] iPad App - HamSatHD
The company I work for gave me a 16GB iPad for work and I can pretty much put anything I want on it. There are not as many apps designed for the iPad as there are for the iPhone (iPhone apps will work, but they're "screen space" small). However, I found HamSatHD. There are no reviews on the App Store so I was wondering if anyone here has used or is using it? I just want to track satellites not control anything while out-and-about. Developer webpage is www.vosworx.com. Thanks, Joel - W4JBB ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: Good mobile antennas to use
Peter, I donno. The only 1/4 19.5" antenna I ever used I just drilled into the roof above the dome light and installed an NMO mount and simple whip. For conversion of an existing mount, if it is a 5/8's wave vertical (most mobiles are) then there is a matching network in the base. The little tiny micro whips are ideal, but most of them now are being made as "dual band" which then destroys their 7 dBi gain above the horizon. No easy answers here. Bob -Original Message- From: Ng, Peter [mailto:peter...@bccdc.ca] Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2011 12:47 PM To: 'Bob Bruninga '; AMSAT-BB Subject: RE: [amsat-bb] Re: Good mobile antennas to use But this is not what a 19.5" whip does. The 1/4 (3/4) wave 19.5" whip does not have gain on the horizon (so it is rarely used for terrestrial mobile) but its pattern is ideal for satellite work on high passes. It does NOT then have a null in its pattern that causes the "crappy" contacts, and it does have plenty of gain above about 25 degrees and it is a smooth pattern not like the multi lobes of a standard mobile gain antenna. Hi Bob, This is off topic and didn't want to start something on the list... :), but can I convert my current magmount gain antenna simply by replacing the whip or is the "gain" stuff in the magmount itself? If so, would any thin steel rod do? I'd really like to give this a try! 73's Peter VE7NGP ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] SDR For Satellite Use
I have successfully built and operated my G59 transceiver with GPA10 10W amp (http://www.genesisradio.com.au/) for 40m JT65a contacts to VK2, 75m voice contacts in the States, and everything in between. At some point in the past, some group (TAPR?) had a 2m SDR transceiver. I have no idea where that information might be. Does anyone here use SDR for their satellite operation? Maybe using Flex radios or something else? I don't know that it would matter on the FM birds, but it would be nice to be able to see the spectrum on the linear birds. Thanks, Joel - W4JBB ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: Good mobile antennas to use
Thanks for the plots Bob. The 2m havewave appears to do well on 70cm above 30 degrees, and fairly poor below that elevation. The 70cm 1/4 wave appears to suffer from no real nulls except at the very high elevations. It is about 5 DB down from the 2m 1/4 wave, but is also much more usable on the below 30 degree passes. So, would a dualband that is 1/4 wave on each band cover things pretty well? It appears like it would. 73s John AA5JG On Thu, Sep 15, 2011 at 12:07 PM, Bob Bruninga wrote: > Peter, > I donno. The only 1/4 19.5" antenna I ever used I just drilled into the > roof above the dome light and installed an NMO mount and simple whip. For > conversion of an existing mount, if it is a 5/8's wave vertical (most > mobiles are) then there is a matching network in the base. > > The little tiny micro whips are ideal, but most of them now are being made > as "dual band" which then destroys their 7 dBi gain above the horizon. > > No easy answers here. > Bob > > -Original Message- > From: Ng, Peter [mailto:peter...@bccdc.ca] > Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2011 12:47 PM > To: 'Bob Bruninga '; AMSAT-BB > Subject: RE: [amsat-bb] Re: Good mobile antennas to use > > > But this is not what a 19.5" whip does. The 1/4 (3/4) wave 19.5" whip does > not have gain on the horizon (so it is rarely used for terrestrial mobile) > but its pattern is ideal for satellite work on high passes. It does NOT > then have a null in its pattern that causes the "crappy" contacts, and it > does have plenty of gain above about 25 degrees and it is a smooth > pattern not like the multi lobes of a standard mobile gain antenna. > > > Hi Bob, > > This is off topic and didn't want to start something on the list... :), but > can I convert my current magmount gain antenna simply by replacing the whip > or is the "gain" stuff in the magmount itself? If so, would any thin steel > rod do? I'd really like to give this a try! > > 73's Peter VE7NGP > > ___ > Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! > Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb > ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: ARISSAT telemetry - no kursk frames
Don't I recall correctly that the Kursk experiment requires an entire orbit of data? I think I heard this in t context of low-power operation had to keep Kursk running. But in any case, now that the battery is history and we only get power for the non-eclipse part of each orbit, I'd think that would mean that Kursk is not doing much. I don't know what the IHU should do with the Kursk tlm in that case, but 0 is not unreasonable. Burns, W2BFJ > Subject: [amsat-bb] Re: ARISSAT telemetry - no kursk frames > Message-ID: > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" > > Mike, > > Had it just come out of eclipse? I have seen no Kursk frames when it just > came on just after eclipse...I think the Kursk Experiment isn't running > quite yet, so no frames to xmit. > > So yes, I saw this yesterday :) > > Also, to confirm W5RKN---I have seem some "all 0" frames too...you can hear > hear it on the audio actually :) > > Mark N8MH > > At 08:23 AM 9/15/2011 +0200, you wrote: > >Hi all, > >I had a 1 deg pass this morning and could grab 18 telemetry frames (!). > Interesting was that I received no one KURSK frame. > >Can someone confirm this? > ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: SDR For Satellite Use
Joel, I have a Flex VU5K, and it is coming along nicely as a satellite rig. It is fun, and even useful, to be able to look at the ARISSat-1 downlink. You can copy telemetry while watching the transponder passband to see if anyone is on. On Fo-29 and similar linear birds, you don't need to tune around looking for other stations. They are just there. Click, and QSO! The Flex can respond to the Kenwood TS-2000 CAT commands, mostly, so it works with SATPC32 and HRD. There are a few loose ends not implemented, so you need to set a couple of things manually which would be set automatically with a real TS-2000. However, there is nothing which prevents you from using the Doppler control, etc. No doubt the rough edges will be fixed over time. 73s, Alan WA4SCA -Original Message- From: amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org [mailto:amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org] On Behalf Of Joel Black Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2011 6:06 AM To: Amsat BB Subject: [amsat-bb] SDR For Satellite Use I have successfully built and operated my G59 transceiver with GPA10 10W amp (http://www.genesisradio.com.au/) for 40m JT65a contacts to VK2, 75m voice contacts in the States, and everything in between. At some point in the past, some group (TAPR?) had a 2m SDR transceiver. I have no idea where that information might be. Does anyone here use SDR for their satellite operation? Maybe using Flex radios or something else? I don't know that it would matter on the FM birds, but it would be nice to be able to see the spectrum on the linear birds. Thanks, Joel - W4JBB ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: Good mobile antennas to use
> Thanks for the plots Bob (http://aprs.org/astars.html 85% down the page). Remember, ALL plots are for 70cm performance, even though some of them are made using "2m" antennas to show how they perform as a dual band satellite antenna. > The 2m 1/4 wave appears to do well on 70cm above > 30 degrees, and fairly poor below that elevation. > The 70cm 1/4 wave appears to suffer from no real > nulls except at the very high elevations. It is > about 5 DB down from the 2m 1/4 wave (70cm 3/4), > but is also much more usable on the below 30 degree passes. > So, would a dualband that is 1/4 wave on each band > cover things pretty well? It appears like it would. I agree. That would be the ideal coverage. But it depends on the definition of "cover" and "pretty well". Yes, you will have COVERAGE, but can you hear anything "pretty well" at 2400 miles and 6 dB farther away at that low elevation angle? Much less even see the horizon in a mobile. I personally dont think so. Sometimes we focus too much on the "antenna coverage" and ignore the GEOMETRY of a pass which has a full 10 dB difference between the horizon and overhead. Please look at the scale drawing of the geometery of a LEO pass shown on http://aprs.org/rotator1.html. It all depends on what an individual considers "Good enough" and what is the minimum signal to hear anything at all. If we assume that 3 dB of gain on the horizon is good enough to hear a LEO satellite at the horizon, (I do not) then the best combination is to start with a 5/8 wave 70cm vertical. At 15 degree elevation, switch to a 1/4 wave 70cm and with that combination and with the up to 6 to 10 dB improvement as the satellite gets closer, then you have good no-null coverage from the horizon to overhead.. But remember, to do this now you have two UHF omni antennas, and a diplexer plus a separate VHF uplink antenna (again, maybe 2 to avoid nulls) and you have to know where the satellite is. But, if you believe that there is no LEO currently on the air, that you can hear on the horizon with only 3 to 4 dBi gain, (like I do) then, write off that area of coverage since you wont hear it anyway and take the +5dB performance imnprovement of the 3/4 wave vertical (19.5" whip) which is dual band and optimized for the higher elevation and gives no nulls and does give strong signals (but only for 1/3rd of all passes). I'll be the first to admit that I do not have enough actual experience to know what is the minimum gain needed to actually hear the leo at the greater distances (lower angles) on an omni. Looking at the gain plots, as you say, if you can actually hear a LEO at say 15 degrees on a 1/4 wave whip, then it is the best antenna because it will be useable lower and the poorer performance higher up will be made up by the reduced range. Good luck. Bob, WB4APR On Thu, Sep 15, 2011 at 12:07 PM, Bob Bruninga wrote: Peter, I donno. The only 1/4 19.5" antenna I ever used I just drilled into the roof above the dome light and installed an NMO mount and simple whip. For conversion of an existing mount, if it is a 5/8's wave vertical (most mobiles are) then there is a matching network in the base. The little tiny micro whips are ideal, but most of them now are being made as "dual band" which then destroys their 7 dBi gain above the horizon. No easy answers here. Bob -Original Message- From: Ng, Peter [mailto:peter...@bccdc.ca] Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2011 12:47 PM To: 'Bob Bruninga '; AMSAT-BB Subject: RE: [amsat-bb] Re: Good mobile antennas to use But this is not what a 19.5" whip does. The 1/4 (3/4) wave 19.5" whip does not have gain on the horizon (so it is rarely used for terrestrial mobile) but its pattern is ideal for satellite work on high passes. It does NOT then have a null in its pattern that causes the "crappy" contacts, and it does have plenty of gain above about 25 degrees and it is a smooth pattern not like the multi lobes of a standard mobile gain antenna. Hi Bob, This is off topic and didn't want to start something on the list... :), but can I convert my current magmount gain antenna simply by replacing the whip or is the "gain" stuff in the magmount itself? If so, would any thin steel rod do? I'd really like to give this a try! 73's Peter VE7NGP ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Thanks for certificate Arissat-1
Great to receive this morning the certificate for the Russian secret word! Many thanks! 73 de andy G0SFJ ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] iPad App - HamSatHD
I use HamSatHD with mixed results. I don't quite trust the keps used, but lately I have had good luck. I especially like the graphic it displays for the pass. I often set my iPad on the ground or a nearby elevated surface, orient with the pass an just follow it along. One thing that I have noticed is that my iPad isn't always in sync with the actual time so I have to be sure that real time and iPad time are the same. A few minutes make a big difference. Another advantage of the iPad is I have successfully downloaded an ArisSat SSTV image directly to the app, SSTV, for the iPad. There are also recording capable apps that I have used to record passes. Both of these examples are when NOT using the HamSatHD app. One app at a time. If you have Internet access you can also visit Heavens-Above to get pass information or to compare the keps with HamSatHD. EMike, KC8YLD Sent from my iPad On Sep 15, 2011, at 1:01 PM, amsat-bb-requ...@amsat.org wrote: > iPad App - HamSatHD ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] fast 1 and fast2
With Fast 1 and Fast 2 being so far apart , are they still able to communicate with each other ? ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: iPad App - HamSatHD
That's a great app. I actually have the ProSat version which has extra non-ham stuff (rocket bodies and the like. Probably stuff I don't need.) but I love the app. The latest version sports a radar view. You can enter base frequencies, and it will calculate Doppler corrections for you. I'd recommend the app. It works well. Brandon K7BBR On Sep 15, 2011, at 5:52, Joel Black wrote: > The company I work for gave me a 16GB iPad for work and I can pretty much put > anything I want on it. > > There are not as many apps designed for the iPad as there are for the iPhone > (iPhone apps will work, but they're "screen space" small). However, I found > HamSatHD. There are no reviews on the App Store so I was wondering if anyone > here has used or is using it? > > I just want to track satellites not control anything while out-and-about. > > Developer webpage is www.vosworx.com. > > Thanks, > Joel - W4JBB ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: ARISSAT telemetry - no kursk frames
Hi Mike, In the morning passes here when ARISsat came out of eclipse it would, after the 15 minute delay, always send up to 20 telemetry frames before the KURSK frames started up. Seems like it was normal behaviour. 73 Alan ZL2BX -Original Message- From: amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org [mailto:amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org] On Behalf Of Mike Rupprecht Sent: Thursday, 15 September 2011 06:23 To: amsat-bb@amsat.org Subject: [amsat-bb] ARISSAT telemetry - no kursk frames Hi all, I had a 1 deg pass this morning and could grab 18 telemetry frames (!). Interesting was that I received no one KURSK frame. Can someone confirm this? 73, Mike DK3WN ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb - No virus found in this message. Checked by AVG - www.avg.com Version: 10.0.1392 / Virus Database: 1520/3896 - Release Date: 09/14/11 ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: Which Mobile Mag Mount?
Very interesting info... I'm thinking maybe putting a mag mount with 19.5" of nice shiny wire on a pizza pan would do as well as the Arrow (I hate the Arrow, even on a tripod!) 73, Ted, K7TRK -Original Message- From: amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org [mailto:amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org] On Behalf Of Bob Bruninga Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2011 8:52 AM To: 'AMSAT BB' Subject: [amsat-bb] Re: Which Mobile Mag Mount? Everyone's comments are correct and valid within their context. But the original question was optimizing for the casual mobile operator in motion. So here are some additional considerations... > Second, any "vertical" antenna...will have a [null overhead] > So, think about it: A GREAT pass of 90 degrees goes overhead > your vertical is valueless during the middle of that great pass. True, but when we put some actual numbers on that, the loss is quite insignificant. Using AO51, only one pass every 5 days goes above 82 degrees, and the total duration above 82 degrees is 24 seconds, out of all in view times. So we agree, the antenna is valueless, but for under 1% of the time. The tradeoff is that it is 3 dB better most of the rest of the time... The measured elevation profile of a 3/4 wave vertical (a 19.5" whip on the 435 downlink) is shown 80% down the page http://aprs.org/astars.html. The overhead null is only 10 dB down at 82 degrees... BUT the satellite is 10 dB closer at that point, so you still hear it almost the same as when it came above 25 degrees. So you get full sky coverage above 25 degrees > 99% of the time with the vertical. > Ideally - in a car - ... stopping and parking and getting a > vertical perpendicular to the orbit of the satellite would > give best results. > Then maybe a Larsen mag mount... And bend - er, I mean, > "re-form" that whip right at the base so that it is about > 20" bent. you'll be more successful with the FM birds! Yes, good idea, but now there is some directionality and so the car needs to remain pointed towards the satellite during the pass. Otherwise there is still the null, it is just in a different part of the sky. > 1. If the satellite is circular polarization the 19.5 " whip looses 3 dB of gain. Yes, but most people have observed a polarization shift during overhead passes. And in that case, the loss of a circularized antenna is much worse than 3 dB... usually a complete fade. SO I agree, a circular antenna gets 3 dB better half the time, and much worse the other half the time. I prefer the simplicity of the whip that does not give up more than 3dB no matter what the polarization is. Mounting a quadrifilar on the roof of the mobile is also problematic. > 2. The common Quadrifilar Antenna is 1/2 wave 1/2 turn. > The 1 wavelength, 1 turn Quadrifilar Antenna has its > highest gain near or at the horizon depending on the > length to diameter ratio. But it is still only a 3 dB gain antenna out there, and so it is not going to hear the satellite down on the horizon anyway because the satellite is 10 dB farther away and usually blocked for the mobile. So having gain on the horizon for a mobile omni antenna is wasted. It either is not enough or it creats additional nulls higher up. Better to move that gain higher up but smooth where the satellite is closer and then have good contacts, than waste gain where it is already insufficient or problematic. Just different perspectives, but the devil is in the details... Bob, Wb4APR ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: Which Mobile Mag Mount?
Bob, thanks for the great data. Question: do you think your data/techniques have any application to using a dual band HT with a long whip (e.g. Diamond SRH77CA - 15.5"long) In other words would you be better off just holding the HT vertical and fairly stationary during the pass (adjusting Doppler of course) or moving the darn thing all over until you capture the bird. I realize it is not duplex, etc. but it does seem to work on a strong pass. I just can't figure out the best way to hold the radio Thanks for any help 73, Ted, K7TRK -Original Message- From: amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org [mailto:amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org] On Behalf Of Bob Bruninga Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2011 8:52 AM To: 'AMSAT BB' Subject: [amsat-bb] Re: Which Mobile Mag Mount? Everyone's comments are correct and valid within their context. But the original question was optimizing for the casual mobile operator in motion. So here are some additional considerations... > Second, any "vertical" antenna...will have a [null overhead] > So, think about it: A GREAT pass of 90 degrees goes overhead > your vertical is valueless during the middle of that great pass. True, but when we put some actual numbers on that, the loss is quite insignificant. Using AO51, only one pass every 5 days goes above 82 degrees, and the total duration above 82 degrees is 24 seconds, out of all in view times. So we agree, the antenna is valueless, but for under 1% of the time. The tradeoff is that it is 3 dB better most of the rest of the time... The measured elevation profile of a 3/4 wave vertical (a 19.5" whip on the 435 downlink) is shown 80% down the page http://aprs.org/astars.html. The overhead null is only 10 dB down at 82 degrees... BUT the satellite is 10 dB closer at that point, so you still hear it almost the same as when it came above 25 degrees. So you get full sky coverage above 25 degrees > 99% of the time with the vertical. > Ideally - in a car - ... stopping and parking and getting a > vertical perpendicular to the orbit of the satellite would > give best results. > Then maybe a Larsen mag mount... And bend - er, I mean, > "re-form" that whip right at the base so that it is about > 20" bent. you'll be more successful with the FM birds! Yes, good idea, but now there is some directionality and so the car needs to remain pointed towards the satellite during the pass. Otherwise there is still the null, it is just in a different part of the sky. > 1. If the satellite is circular polarization the 19.5 " whip looses 3 dB of gain. Yes, but most people have observed a polarization shift during overhead passes. And in that case, the loss of a circularized antenna is much worse than 3 dB... usually a complete fade. SO I agree, a circular antenna gets 3 dB better half the time, and much worse the other half the time. I prefer the simplicity of the whip that does not give up more than 3dB no matter what the polarization is. Mounting a quadrifilar on the roof of the mobile is also problematic. > 2. The common Quadrifilar Antenna is 1/2 wave 1/2 turn. > The 1 wavelength, 1 turn Quadrifilar Antenna has its > highest gain near or at the horizon depending on the > length to diameter ratio. But it is still only a 3 dB gain antenna out there, and so it is not going to hear the satellite down on the horizon anyway because the satellite is 10 dB farther away and usually blocked for the mobile. So having gain on the horizon for a mobile omni antenna is wasted. It either is not enough or it creats additional nulls higher up. Better to move that gain higher up but smooth where the satellite is closer and then have good contacts, than waste gain where it is already insufficient or problematic. Just different perspectives, but the devil is in the details... Bob, Wb4APR ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: Which Mobile Mag Mount
>> ... can't figure out the best way to hold the radio ... Get perpendicular. Open your squelch up all the way, and get the improved HT's antenna in a perpendicular relationship to the orbit of the satellite. Clint Bradford http://www.work-sat.com ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Sat32PC Flex-5000A Satellite Mode B using 70 cm external transverter and external 2M converter?
I have a Flex-5000A with the extra receiver. I have a 70 cm transverter connected to the main RX/TX via the transverter connectors and a 2M converter into RX2. I am attempting to operate mode B satellite operation, 70 cm TX up and 2M RX down using the Sat32PC tracking program TS-2000 rig control. Unfortunately, the program sets the TX frequency on VFOB and the RX frequency on VFOA. I want it the other way around. I tried tricking the program by changing to mode J, 2M up, 70cm down, but the doppler control is reversed then. Has anybody been able to use Sat32PC successfully for full duplex Flex-5000 with external transverters for frequency control? If so, how did you configure it? 73, Bill NJ1H ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: Which Mobile Mag Mount?
Ted, Regarding antenna orientation for handhelds, see the picture associated with item #6 at this web page: http://www.amsat.org/amsat-new/echo/EchoHT.php Check this video out, too, for inspiration: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCFWrXzdgeM When using an HT whip, the trick I use is to avoid any sudden movement or adjustment of the antenna once you have a decent copy of the downlink. Even then, it can be challenging as you will need to track the bird. I own some of the commonly recommended antennas such as the Pryme AL800. I don't own the Diamond you referenced but I have a similar Comet SMA24 that is useable, albeit not ideal, for AO-51. My experience has been that the "cat whisker" style whips tend to have too much movement. I might try to make a video to demonstrate this effect. Even with a stock rubber dummy load, I can hear many passes of AO-51 and some overhead AO-27 passes. K6LCS' web page has some good recommendations: http://web.me.com/clintbradford/Work-Sat/Antennas.html I recommend the AL800 and similar. I personally am most pleased with cost and function of the Smiley 270A, which at $22 is a real bargain. After some passes with this antenna used, I have listened to the recording and been unable to distinguish my HT performance from that of a full-bore home satellite station. Again, there are limitations but it is a lot of fun to try! 73 Clayton W5PFG On Thu, Sep 15, 2011 at 6:40 PM, Ted wrote: > Bob, thanks for the great data. > > Question: do you think your data/techniques have any application to using a > dual band HT with a long whip (e.g. Diamond SRH77CA - 15.5"long) > > In other words would you be better off just holding the HT vertical and > fairly stationary during the pass (adjusting Doppler of course) or moving > the darn thing all over until you capture the bird. I realize it is not > duplex, etc. but it does seem to work on a strong pass. I just can't figure > out the best way to hold the radio > > Thanks for any help > > 73, Ted, K7TRK > > -Original Message- > From: amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org [mailto:amsat-bb-boun...@amsat.org] On > Behalf Of Bob Bruninga > Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2011 8:52 AM > To: 'AMSAT BB' > Subject: [amsat-bb] Re: Which Mobile Mag Mount? > > Everyone's comments are correct and valid within their context. But the > original question was optimizing for the casual mobile operator in motion. > So here are some additional considerations... > >> Second, any "vertical" antenna...will have a [null overhead] >> So, think about it: A GREAT pass of 90 degrees goes overhead >> your vertical is valueless during the middle of that great pass. > > True, but when we put some actual numbers on that, the loss is quite > insignificant. Using AO51, only one pass every 5 days goes above 82 > degrees, and the total duration above 82 degrees is 24 seconds, out of all > in view times. So we agree, the antenna is valueless, but for under 1% of > the time. The tradeoff is that it is 3 dB better most of the rest of the > time... > > The measured elevation profile of a 3/4 wave vertical (a 19.5" whip on the > 435 downlink) is shown 80% down the page http://aprs.org/astars.html. The > overhead null is only 10 dB down at 82 degrees... BUT the satellite is 10 dB > closer at that point, so you still hear it almost the same as when it came > above 25 degrees. So you get full sky coverage above 25 degrees > 99% of > the time with the vertical. > >> Ideally - in a car - ... stopping and parking and getting a >> vertical perpendicular to the orbit of the satellite would >> give best results. >> Then maybe a Larsen mag mount... And bend - er, I mean, >> "re-form" that whip right at the base so that it is about >> 20" bent. you'll be more successful with the FM birds! > > Yes, good idea, but now there is some directionality and so the car needs to > remain pointed towards the satellite during the pass. Otherwise there is > still the null, it is just in a different part of the sky. > >> 1. If the satellite is circular polarization the 19.5 " whip looses 3 dB > of gain. > > Yes, but most people have observed a polarization shift during overhead > passes. And in that case, the loss of a circularized antenna is much worse > than 3 dB... usually a complete fade. SO I agree, a circular antenna gets 3 > dB better half the time, and much worse the other half the time. I prefer > the simplicity of the whip that does not give up more than 3dB no matter > what the polarization is. Mounting a quadrifilar on the roof of the mobile > is also problematic. > >> 2. The common Quadrifilar Antenna is 1/2 wave 1/2 turn. >> The 1 wavelength, 1 turn Quadrifilar Antenna has its >> highest gain near or at the horizon depending on the >> length to diameter ratio. > > But it is still only a 3 dB gain antenna out there, and so it is not going > to hear the satellite down on the horizon anyway because the satellite is > 10 dB farther away and usually blocked for the mobile. So h
[amsat-bb] K0BAM Road Trip
I'm wandering around various grids to the end of September (before the snow starts), and will mail all contacts QSL cards the first week of October. SASE not necessary. No plan on when and where I'll be so it will be as much a surprise to me as you. Jim Adams - K0BAM ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
[amsat-bb] Re: iPad App - HamSatHD
There is also GoSatWatch, which I like to predict / visualise passes. --- On Wed, 14/9/11, Joel Black wrote: From: Joel Black Subject: [amsat-bb] iPad App - HamSatHD To: "Amsat BB" Received: Wednesday, 14 September, 2011, 10:52 PM The company I work for gave me a 16GB iPad for work and I can pretty much put anything I want on it. There are not as many apps designed for the iPad as there are for the iPhone (iPhone apps will work, but they're "screen space" small). However, I found HamSatHD. There are no reviews on the App Store so I was wondering if anyone here has used or is using it? I just want to track satellites not control anything while out-and-about. Developer webpage is www.vosworx.com. Thanks, Joel - W4JBB ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb ___ Sent via AMSAT-BB@amsat.org. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
