Re: Dynamic Hash
Kent, Mr. John wrote:
Greetings,
Am using perl to dynamically write some JavaScript code
that creates cool drop down button menus by Ger Versluis found
on http://www.dynamicdrive.com ( for those who want to
know why).
Have a directory structure in which the target files are located
at various levels of sub-directories.
Trying to create a dynamically sized hash of unknown dimensions
where each sub directory name is a dimension of the hash and it
gets assigned the file.
Please read the documentation on hashes before making assumptions about how they look.
There are ways to use a string as a
variable name, but that is a very advanced issue. There are almost always better ways
to do things
For example
my(%HASH);
$HASH{$sub1}{$sub2}{$sub3} = $file1;
$HASH{$sub1}{$sub2}{$sub3}{$sub4}{$sub5} = $file2;
Nope. Hashes cannot be contained inside other structures.
The constructors for both arrays and hashes use lists of scalars. When you put a hash
or array directly into another
structure, you flatten it tpo a list of scalars, squeezing the magic out of it in
the process:
***
Greetings! E:\d_drive\ocf\discuss\prototypeperl -w
my %ordianl_hash = (first = 1, second = 2, third = 3);
my @array = (5, 6, %ordianl_hash, 34, 'Jack Sprat');
print $_, foreach @array;
print \b\b \n\n;
print $array[2]\n;
^Z
5, 6, first, 1, second, 2, third, 3, 34, Jack Sprat
first
**
If you wish to make progress in the direction of multi-dimensional data structures,
you *must* become adept at using
references. Perl provides no alternate means of handling the issue.
Here is what I tried, unsuccessfully
no strict 'refs'
# @TERMS is an array of each sub-directory name up to the one containing the target
file
my(%NAV_HASH);
# Build the multi-dimensional hash
my($hash_string) = NAV_HASH;
foreach my $sub_dir (@TERMS){
$hash_string .= {\$sub_dir\};
}
print hash_string = $hash_string\n if ($DEBUG == 1); # - This looks
good
# Producing a hash_string =
NAV_HASH{Africa}{focus_regions}{OEF_Somalia}{Overview}{high_low_cloud}
# Now turn this string into a real hash and
# assign it a value
$$hash_string = $last,;
Strings are data. Hashes and variables are programming structures. Don't try to mix
the two.
my $volume_root = {};
$volume_root-{'Program Files'} = {};
$volume_root-('WinBlows'} = {};
$volume_root-{'WinBlows'}-{'System32'} = {};
Actually, here you could skip the second statement, even, since the assignment to a
sub-reference auto-vivifies the keys in
between.
Greetings! E:\d_drive\ocf\discuss\prototypeperl -w
my $volume_root = {};
$volume_root-{'WinBlows'}-{'System32'} = {};
$volume_root-{'WinBlows'}-{'System32'}-{'name'} = 'Dirty Tricks';
print $volume_root-{'WinBlows'}-{'System32'}-{'name'}\n;
^Z
Dirty Tricks
Note that this is all hard-coded, though. The program structures were never strings
per-se, in the same sense as data
strings.
A practical [and working] example from my current project:
# In function launch_full_text_search:
my $file_keys = [sort {$a = $b} keys %$files]; # %$files = hash pointed to by
$files
while (my $file_key = shift @$file_keys) { # @$file_keys = array pointed
to by $file_keys
seek_full_text_in_file($regex, $file_key, $files, $found_in)
}
In the called function, seek_full_text_in_file:
sub seek_full_text_in_file {
my ($regex, $file_key, $files, $found_in) = @_;
my $file = $files-{$file_key};
open IN, $file or die Could not open $file $!;
my $line;
$line = IN until $line and $line eq \x0A;
{
local $/;
$line = IN;
$line =~ s/[\012\015]/ /g;
if (my $count = () = $line =~ /$regex/gi) {
$found_in-{$file_key}-{filename} = $file if not $found_in-{$file_key};
$found_in-{$file_key}-{count} += $count;
}
}
}
This does not get as deeply nested as a directory tree, of course, but you should be
able to see how references link together
the layers of the structure. Once you get the hang of using references, you can use
them to drill down as far into
structures as you want. Note also that the original structures in the calling
function are modified by the actions using the
reference. This can be very powerful.
perldoc perlref
perldoc perlreftut
Joseph
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Re: pagination of dbi results on html browser
A L wrote:
Hi Everyone at [EMAIL PROTECTED],
Threre are two main questions:
1. How can I get to make results from mysql db to be displayed on web browser with
pagination? Meaning, when there are too many results from the db, it only displays
20 results at a time-like that of google-and show links to rest of the results by
giving page numbers. I've used Data::Page module from CPAN, but I can only get it
to print out the result to the web statically without giving links to other pages
and all the results are still displayed on one page when there should be 33 pages or
more (the total pages number changes as more stuff are added to the db). Also,
DBIx::Pager from CPAN was looked (I'm still working on it to work), but it doesn't
seem like it is not going to do what I'm expecting. Am I looking at the right
places? If not, will you tell me what I should be looking at?
Try this:
Save the whole result set to a local temp file. You'll need a routine for generating
the temp file, and the folder should be used only for the temp files from your
program, since you'll want to routinely unlink all files older than an hour or two.
Read the file twenty or so lines at a time, doing nothing but getting the line, then:
$offsets{$row_number} = tell DB_FILE;
for each set of twenty. Store these offsets in a file as a set of name-value pairs
1=0 # trivial
21=1567 # not so trivial
You can open up and slurp the index file each time the user responds with a click on
the Next or Previous link. Your script should write the value for which is the
current result set in the links for this information. they should probably activate
the submit command of some form, though so that they use POST when sending data to the
server.
Don't expect to find all your answers here in one place. The project you are taking
on involves three distinct sytems at least--the web server, the clients browser
environment, and the database engine. Each has its own rules and its own modus
operandi.
2. I'm trying to creat the select all button and deselect all button in one button.
Meaning, when I click on the button, it selects all the checkboxes displayed and
turns to deselect all button; when I click on the button, again, with all the check
boxes checked, I uncheck all the boxes and return the button to select all button.
When I search for this on the web, most of them give javascript results. I would
like to use Perl. Is it possible to do this with Perl? If so, what should I be
looking at? At CPAN, only thing that results is toc and cgi where I couldn't get
what I'm looking for? Have I not looked carefully and missed something?
As others have pointed out, Perl operates on the server. for good reasons, content
providers on the Internet to not have access to high-end APIs on the client side.
Basically, that is the business of the owner of the client machine.
Browsers provide Javascript and the Java Virtual Machie as safely-circumscribed
environments where web pages can run those functions necessary to properly display
their content, without exposing the sytem to external attack.
Okay, I'm not sure if I should insert my codes here because I haven't yet tried
something that would do what I want to do. But, if you think that will help you
understand my questions better, I will do so. Thanks for your time.
Angela
For the kind of thing you want to do, you will probably have to use Javascript. There
are lists and groups available to help with the client-side issues. We can help with
some of the general Perl programming issues. The folks at beginners-cgi group can
help with more specific questions about server-side programming.
What is your overall Perl background? Have you studied the basic concepts of
command-line programming with Perl? If not, you should make sure that you get some
basic training in Perl before trying to build an online data access system.
Joseph
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Re: pagination of dbi results on html browser
A L wrote: 1. How can I get to make results from mysql db to be displayed on web Try this: Save the whole result set to a local temp file. You'll need a routine for Read the file twenty or so lines at a time, doing nothing but getting the A simpler answer is to use the LIMIT qualifier on the SELECT line in the query into the database. See the MySQL documentation. -- Music is a quality, organised in sound and in time. http://www.hacksaw.org -- http://www.privatecircus.com -- KB1FVD -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Perl Equavlent
Tore Aursand wrote: On Sun, 16 Nov 2003 23:24:29 -0800, R. Joseph Newton wrote: If you want to round, use: my $rounded = int ($float_value + 0.5); ...which only works if you have a positive number. You must make it a bit more foolproof; my $rounded = ($nr 0) ? int($nr + 0.5) : int($nr - 0.5); -- Tore Aursand [EMAIL PROTECTED] Good point. Joseph -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: pagination of dbi results on html browser
Jeff 'japhy' Pinyan wrote:
The way I've done this is:
use DBI;
use CGI 'param';
my $dbh = DBI-connect($dsn, $username, $password, { RaiseError = 1 });
my $offset = param('offset') || 0;
my $limit = 10;
my ($prev, $next) = ($offset - $limit, $offset + $limit);
$prev = 0 if $prev 0;
my $query = qq{ SELECT * FROM table WHERE f=? LIMIT $offset, $limit };
my $n_query = qq{ SELECT * FROM table WHERE f=? LIMIT $next, 1 };
my $arg = param('arg');
Cool. Definitely a neater solution than the one I proposed, as long as the DB
supports cursors. I'm not sure,
how generally are they supported? It seems like the result set would have to
be stored somewhere between
calls, too, in such a scenario.
Joseph
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Strange characters
Hi, when I open perldoc in cygwin ,I get some formatting characters like ESC[1m...) along with the text. Below is a cp/paste of what I see on my screen. -- 1::NET::FTP(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation .1::NET::FTP(3) ESC[1mNAMEESC[0m Net::FTP - FTP Client class ESC[1mSYNOPSISESC[0m use Net::FTP; -- Can I use vi to open perldoc ? Cheers, Chetak Confidentiality Notice The information contained in this electronic message and any attachments to this message are intended for the exclusive use of the addressee(s) and may contain confidential or privileged information. If you are not the intended recipient, please notify the sender at Wipro or [EMAIL PROTECTED] immediately and destroy all copies of this message and any attachments. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: pagination of dbi results on html browser
R. Joseph Newton [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: A L wrote:
Hi Everyone at [EMAIL PROTECTED],
Threre are two main questions:
1. How can I get to make results from mysql db to be displayed on web browser with
pagination? Meaning, when there are too many results from the db, it only displays
20 results at a time-like that of google-and show links to rest of the results by
giving page numbers. I've used Data::Page module from CPAN, but I can only get it to
print out the result to the web statically without giving links to other pages and
all the results are still displayed on one page when there should be 33 pages or
more (the total pages number changes as more stuff are added to the db). Also,
DBIx::Pager from CPAN was looked (I'm still working on it to work), but it doesn't
seem like it is not going to do what I'm expecting. Am I looking at the right
places? If not, will you tell me what I should be looking at?
Try this:
Save the whole result set to a local temp file. You'll need a routine for generating
the temp file, and the folder should be used only for the temp files from your
program, since you'll want to routinely unlink all files older than an hour or two.
Read the file twenty or so lines at a time, doing nothing but getting the line, then:
$offsets{$row_number} = tell DB_FILE;
for each set of twenty. Store these offsets in a file as a set of name-value pairs
1=0 # trivial
21=1567 # not so trivial
You can open up and slurp the index file each time the user responds with a click on
the Next or Previous link. Your script should write the value for which is the current
result set in the links for this information. they should probably activate the submit
command of some form, though so that they use POST when sending data to the server.
Don't expect to find all your answers here in one place. The project you are taking on
involves three distinct sytems at least--the web server, the clients browser
environment, and the database engine. Each has its own rules and its own modus
operandi.
###Lots of things that you have mentioned have to be looked up. But, I do appreciate
more possibilities of doing one thing in diffrerent ways.
snippet
Okay, I'm not sure if I should insert my codes here because I haven't yet tried
something that would do what I want to do. But, if you think that will help you
understand my questions better, I will do so. Thanks for your time.
Angela
For the kind of thing you want to do, you will probably have to use Javascript. There
are lists and groups available to help with the client-side issues. We can help with
some of the general Perl programming issues. The folks at beginners-cgi group can help
with more specific questions about server-side programming.
###I'll post more specific cgi questions at beginners-cgi group. However, I do see
some people who are here are there as well:)
What is your overall Perl background? Have you studied the basic concepts of
command-line programming with Perl? If not, you should make sure that you get some
basic training in Perl before trying to build an online data access system.
Joseph
###My background... Well, I had my first encounter with Perl in the Fall of 2000. It
was not pretty. At the time, my only programming experience was Pascal taken as a
high school student. However, I really wanted to learn programming better, and was
told that Perl is the language to learn to get things done. But, I hated Perl the
first time because I had a huge issue with debugging when it won't let me do things
because I missed a period or something important, which I was unaware of. Then, I
learned a little bit of Java. I liked Java with all its structures and class less
than I did Perl. Now, I'm trying to master Perl to an extent where I feel comfortable
enough to create things I want to create without feeling at a total loss or
frustration to call a computer stupid for not doing what I had written. Also, I'm
using Linux. So, to answer your question about studying the basic concepts of
command-line programming with Perl, I think that I do know a little bit to test my
codes, but I do have my Perl reference manuals beside me to look up things whenever
necessary, as I am always learning something new and cool.
Angela
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RE: File upload script
I'm trying to allow users to upload their own webpages. I have both binary and text format. Although, its probably ok to upload the webpages in binary mode and it would bother the webserver. If it's browser based uploads CGI can help you. Otherwise you may be interested in Net::FTP. So it depends on your needs, sorry to be so vague! HTH DMuey In any case, I'm wondering if use CGI is the package to use and if there is a cpan module that someone can recommend? thanks -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: matching
The /g modifier worked thanks all. I needed to take the quotes in the
file and backslash them so the file could be read into one of our tools
without a problem. Thanks for the short version too. I never thought
of it that way.
Newbie..
On Mon, 2003-11-17 at 20:37, Tore Aursand wrote:
On Mon, 17 Nov 2003 15:18:47 -0700, Eric Walker wrote:
How do I get it to do more than one substitution in the string.
By using the /g modifier.
$_ = $$Rules{$yes}{rule_desc};
No. Don't _ever_ try to set $_ yourself, unless you _really_ have to
(which you don't in this case).
$_ = $$Rules{$yes}{rule_desc};
s//\\/;
$$Rules{$yes}{rule_desc} = $_;
These three lines could easily have been shortened down to only one;
$$Rules{$yes}{rule_desc} =~ s//\\/g;
However: Why do you need to quote the characters?
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CPAN or ?
Hi, I need some help in using CPAN or other means to figure out what modules are on my system. I just installed 5.8.1 after wiping the RedHat 9 distribution off of my new RH9 install, due to claims of slowness (and desire to keep an older version of Apache, mod_perl). I've tried the 'r' command, but Iam not sure if that refers only to what has been installed by CPAN.pm or what all is in @INC. Any enlightenment would be most appreciated. (While I'm at the well...) My pager in CPAM.pm (less) doesn't seem to page, at least when I do an 'r'. Thanks, profusely. Cheers, Tim email: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: matching
At 03:18 PM 11/17/03 -0700, you wrote:
I have the following code to find a quote in a string and replace it
with a slashquote.
ie goes to \
How do I get it to do more than one substitution in the string.
$_ = $$Rules{$yes}{rule_desc};
s//\\/;
$$Rules{$yes}{rule_desc} = $_;
newbie...
Put a g before the second semicolon above.
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Can a regex match numbers?
Hello, please can you help me. Is it possible to specify number matching in a regex,
i.e. can you have something like:
my $match =~ m/match_number_if_number_is_less_than_255/
instead of my $match =~ m/(\d{3})/;
if ($1=255){my @array = @array +$1}?
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Re: CPAN or ?
Hi, I need some help in using CPAN or other means to figure out what modules are on my system. I just installed 5.8.1 after wiping the RedHat 9 distribution off of my new RH9 install, due to claims of slowness (and desire to keep an older version of Apache, mod_perl). I've tried the 'r' command, but Iam not sure if that refers only to what has been installed by CPAN.pm or what all is in @INC. Any enlightenment would be most appreciated. (While I'm at the well...) My pager in CPAM.pm (less) doesn't seem to page, at least when I do an 'r'. Thanks, profusely. perldoc CPAN 'r' refers to all of the modules (at least I believe) that are available in @INC, *but* only checks for modules that have a new version on CPAN. If you want to see everything that is available in @INC for a particular perl (remember this includes PERL5LIB and .) that has a .pm extension you may want to try something such as: find `perl -e 'print @INC'` -name '*.pm' -print That combined with a grep (shell) generally tells me what I need to know. A quick glance at the source for CPAN (5.8.0) indicates that the pager is only used for viewing READMEs though I didn't remember this about it. http://danconia.org -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Printing ASCII to Hex
On Nov 18, 2003, at 10:33 AM, Jeff Westman wrote:
There must be an easier way to convert a basic ascii string to hex. I
tried
using ord/chr/unpack/sprintf(%x) combinations and just dug my hole
deeper.
I'm not interested in using any additional modules, just straight,
basic
perl. This works, but exactly elegant:
This one-liner produces identical output:
perl -e 'print x, unpack(H*, some string), \n'
That doesn't seem too complex, does it?
Hmm, let's take a look...
#!/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my $str = some string;
my $hex = unpack('H*', $str);
The line above is 100% of the hex conversion. That's too cumbersome???
I doubt we can do much better.
my $len = length($hex);
my $start = 0;
print x';
while ($start $len) {
print substr($hex,$start,2);
$start += 2;
}
print '\n;
Ah, the long part! Printing two characters at a time. Any reason to
do this? Well, surely we can do it quicker:
print 'x';
for (my $i = 0; $i length $hex; $i+=2) {
print substr $hex, $i, 2;
}
print \n;
Is that better? I'll let you decide. It's pretty C-looking, but that
probably doesn't have to be a bad thing.
Any of this help?
James
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Re: Can a regex match numbers?
Hello, please can you help me. Is it possible to specify number
matching in a regex, i.e. can you have something like:
my $match =~ m/match_number_if_number_is_less_than_255/
instead of my $match =~ m/(\d{3})/;
if ($1=255){my @array = @array +$1}?
Well your example is a fairly common one and gets a lot of attention in
the Mastering Regular Expressions book (which is excellent), and
concludes with:
[01]?\d\d?|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]
But you should really not just use this willy-nilly, if *you* don't
understand it the person coming after you (which might just be you!)
won't likely either. So in many cases it is better to know your data,
do some pre-parsing then compare numbers using standard arithmetic as
you have shown. The real question is what's wrong with what you have?
http://danconia.org
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Portable unix du command
Howdy group. I have a need to get the size of a directory. I could just execute unix's du command (my $sz = `du -sh /usr`;) but was wondering if there's a better way to do it that is more portable. I looked on cpan but didn't see anythign that jumped out at me. TIA Dan -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Can a regex match numbers?
Wiggins d Anconia wrote:
Hello, please can you help me. Is it possible to specify number
matching in a regex, i.e. can you have something like:
my $match =~ m/match_number_if_number_is_less_than_255/
instead of my $match =~ m/(\d{3})/;
if ($1=255){my @array = @array +$1}?
Well your example is a fairly common one and gets a lot of attention in
the Mastering Regular Expressions book (which is excellent), and
concludes with:
[01]?\d\d?|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]
But you should really not just use this willy-nilly, if *you* don't
understand it the person coming after you (which might just be you!)
won't likely either. So in many cases it is better to know your data,
do some pre-parsing then compare numbers using standard arithmetic as
you have shown. The real question is what's wrong with what you have?
I've been in his position many times before while learning Perl. You see all of these
amazing everything-and-the-kitchen-sink one-liners and if your code doesn't turn out like
that then you are doing something wrong. Its now obvious to me that this is not true at
all, but I believe that a lot of people who are learning Perl think like this.
--
Andrew Gaffney
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Re: Portable unix du command
On Tuesday, Nov 18, 2003, at 09:20 US/Pacific, Dan Muey wrote: Howdy group. I have a need to get the size of a directory. I could just execute unix's du command (my $sz = `du -sh /usr`;) but was wondering if there's a better way to do it that is more portable. I looked on cpan but didn't see anythign that jumped out at me. a part of the problem is that the 'du' command is basically implemented differently between the BSD and SYSV styles of unix. One strategy that I have adopted when I am looking at a 'common'(HA!) unix utility that I would like to use, and in your illustration, the 'flags' to it, that are problematic, I create a wrapper class. a quicky way to think about your problem would be my WhackJob for dealing with my 'favorite' set of flags to the 'ps' command: cf http://www.wetware.com/drieux/CS/Proj/PID/ To be honest, I use something like that, but more cleaned up in a project I have. The trick of course is getting 'illustrations' from all of the OS's that you will want to be 'portable' with. HTH. ciao drieux --- -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Printing ASCII to Hex
Jeff Westman wrote:
Hi,
Hello,
There must be an easier way to convert a basic ascii string to hex. I tried
using ord/chr/unpack/sprintf(%x) combinations and just dug my hole deeper.
I'm not interested in using any additional modules, just straight, basic
perl. This works, but exactly elegant:
#!/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my $str = some string;
my $hex = unpack('H*', $str);
my $len = length($hex);
my $start = 0;
print x';
while ($start $len) {
print substr($hex,$start,2);
$start += 2;
}
print '\n;
Produces:
x'736f6d6520737472696e67'
One way to do it:
my $str = 'some string';
$str =~ s/(.)/ sprintf '%02x', ord $1 /seg;
print x'$str'\n;
John
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fulfillment
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RE: Capture a range from a mp3 track ?
I am trying to write a script which plays a range (input) from a mp3 file. Simply to say, a mp3 file is divided into 3 session, Audio data, audio header, and IDvX tags. What I will deal with my script is to get the bit rate from the header, and calc the start-end position of the data from the audio data, after this, I will have to modify the header, so to reform the complete file, and then to play it as an embedded media with html. But I have no idea on how to start with it while I am dealing with is binary data... Any approach could lead me to start ? I'd say have a look here: http://search.cpan.org/search?query=mp3mode=all I'm not experienced with mp3 manipulation but that's where I'd start! HTH Dmuey Thanks a lot -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Portable unix du command
On Tuesday, Nov 18, 2003, at 09:20 US/Pacific, Dan Muey wrote: Howdy group. I have a need to get the size of a directory. I could just execute unix's du command (my $sz = `du -sh /usr`;) but was wondering if there's a better way to do it that is more portable. I looked on cpan but didn't see anythign that jumped out at me. a part of the problem is that the 'du' command is basically implemented differently between the BSD and SYSV styles of unix. One strategy that I have adopted when I am looking at a 'common'(HA!) unix utility that I would like to use, and in your illustration, the 'flags' to it, that are problematic, I create a wrapper class. a quicky way to think about your problem would be my WhackJob for dealing with my 'favorite' set of flags to the 'ps' command: cf http://www.wetware.com/drieux/CS/Proj/PID/ To be honest, I use something like that, but more cleaned up in a project I have. The trick of course is getting 'illustrations' from all of the OS's that you will want to be 'portable' with. Thanks. What I really want to do is avoid system commands completely. I could always traverse the directory adding the size of each file together and do that all in Perl with no system commands but I figured there'd already be a Module or something like this, so I want to do it that way. Somthign like: my $sz = $module-size(/home/joemama); # return sixze of file or of entire directory if specified file is a directory HTH. ciao drieux -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Portable unix du command
On Tuesday, Nov 18, 2003, at 09:35 US/Pacific, Dan Muey wrote: [..] Thanks. What I really want to do is avoid system commands completely. I could always traverse the directory adding the size of each file together and do that all in Perl with no system commands but I figured there'd already be a Module or something like this, so I want to do it that way. Somthign like: my $sz = $module-size(/home/joemama); # return sixze of file or of entire directory if specified file is a directory I can appreciate the desire, but remember that systems applications - such as 'du' and 'ps' are there so that folks do not have to know all of the OS specific underlying 'system calls' that will flop into 'kernal space'. The fine folks who are maintaining the Proc::Table module deliver XS code that gets converted into the 'c' code that becomes the dynamically loadable library that is referenced in the perl module Which is why I opted to take the 'sillier' path of simply working out which command line arguments were the 'right ones' for Me based upon the four or five basic *nix versions that I work with and then go through the process that way. If you want to have fun, then you will of course want to become friends with stat(), cf perldoc -f stat and/or read the POSIX module, cf perldoc POSIX. Or download a copy of the open source for 'du' and work out which parts of it you want to use as the basis for your own perl module. ciao drieux --- -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Portable unix du command
Dan Muey wrote:
On Tuesday, Nov 18, 2003, at 09:20 US/Pacific, Dan Muey wrote:
Howdy group.
I have a need to get the size of a directory.
I could just execute unix's du command (my $sz = `du -sh
/usr`;) but
was wondering if there's a better way to do it that is more
portable.
I looked on cpan but didn't see anythign that jumped out at me.
[snip]
Thanks. What I really want to do is avoid system commands completely.
good decision.
I could always traverse the directory adding the size of each file
together and do that all in Perl with no system commands but I figured
there'd already be a Module or something like this, so I want to do it
that way. Somthign like:
my $sz = $module-size(/home/joemama);
try Filesys::DiskFree
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
use Filesys::DiskFree;
my $h = Filesys::DiskFree-new;
$h-df;
$h-device('/usr');
print /usr has ,$h-avail('/usr'), bytes available\n;
__END__
prints:
/usr has 1 bytes available
david
--
s,.*,,e,y,\n,,d,y,.s,10,,s
.ss.s.s...s.sss.s.ss
s.s.s...s...s..s
...s.ss..s.sss..ss.sss.s
s.s.s...ss.sss.s
..s..sss.s.ss.sss...
..ssss.sss.sss.s
,{4},|?{*=}_'y!'+0!$;
,ge,y,!#:$_(-*[./[EMAIL PROTECTED],b-t,
.y...,$~=q~=?,;^_#+?{~,,$~=~
y.!-*-/:[EMAIL PROTECTED] ().;s,;,
);,g,s,s,$~s,g,y,y,%,,g,eval
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Re: Printing ASCII to Hex
James Edward Gray II [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
On Nov 18, 2003, at 10:33 AM, Jeff Westman wrote:
There must be an easier way to convert a basic ascii string to hex. I
tried
using ord/chr/unpack/sprintf(%x) combinations and just dug my hole
deeper.
I'm not interested in using any additional modules, just straight,
basic
perl. This works, but exactly elegant:
This one-liner produces identical output:
perl -e 'print x, unpack(H*, some string), \n'
Looks great. How could I have missed that?!
That doesn't seem too complex, does it?
Hmm, let's take a look...
#!/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my $str = some string;
my $hex = unpack('H*', $str);
The line above is 100% of the hex conversion. That's too cumbersome???
I doubt we can do much better.
my $len = length($hex);
my $start = 0;
print x';
while ($start $len) {
print substr($hex,$start,2);
$start += 2;
}
print '\n;
Ah, the long part! Printing two characters at a time. Any reason to
do this?
Originally, I wanted to print individually ASCII characters into hex, such
as,
x'73' x'6f' x'6d' (etc)
Well, surely we can do it quicker:
print 'x';
for (my $i = 0; $i length $hex; $i+=2) {
print substr $hex, $i, 2;
}
print \n;
Is that better? I'll let you decide. It's pretty C-looking, but that
probably doesn't have to be a bad thing.
Any of this help?
Yep, thanks!
-Jeff
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RE: Portable unix du command
Dan Muey wrote: Howdy group. I have a need to get the size of a directory. I could just execute unix's du command (my $sz = `du -sh /usr`;) but was wondering if there's a better way to do it that is more portable. I looked on cpan but didn't see anythign that jumped out at me. There's a group working on implementing a number of Unix utilities in Perl. Here's their du page: http://www.perl.com/language/ppt/src/du/index.html I don't know how portable it is... -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Portable unix du command
Dan Muey wrote:
Thanks. What I really want to do is avoid system commands
completely.
I could always traverse the directory adding the size of each file
together and do that all in Perl with no system commands
but I figured
there'd already be a Module or something like this, so I
want to do it
that way. Somthign like:
You mean something like (untested):
use File::Find;
my $dir = '/some/dir';
my $size;
find( sub { -f and ( $size += -s _ ) }, $dir );
print Directory '$dir' contains $size bytes\n;
Awesome John! Works splendedly, this is exactly what I needed!
John
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Re: CPAN or ?
On Tue, 18 Nov 2003 11:29:39 -0500, Tim wrote: I need some help in using CPAN or other means to figure out what modules are on my system. This is answered in the FAQ; perldoc -q installed Note that you'll have a new set of @INC libraries when you install a new Perl, which is a good thing; A lot of the modules may need to be recompiled with the new Perl. -- Tore Aursand [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Strange characters
Hi, Install recent perldoc from CPAN..and try perldoc :) HTH, Virnya Chetak Sasalu wrote: Hi, when I open perldoc in cygwin ,I get some formatting characters like ESC[1m...) along with the text. Below is a cp/paste of what I see on my screen. -- 1::NET::FTP(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation ..1::NET::FTP(3) ESC[1mNAMEESC[0m Net::FTP - FTP Client class ESC[1mSYNOPSISESC[0m use Net::FTP; -- Can I use vi to open perldoc ? Cheers, Chetak Confidentiality Notice The information contained in this electronic message and any attachments to this message are intended for the exclusive use of the addressee(s) and may contain confidential or privileged information. If you are not the intended recipient, please notify the sender at Wipro or [EMAIL PROTECTED] immediately and destroy all copies of this message and any attachments. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Strange characters
Hi, Install recent Pod-Perldoc-3.12 module from CPAN.. http://search.cpan.org/~sburke/Pod-Perldoc-3.12/ and try perldoc again.. HTH, Virnya Chetak Sasalu wrote: Hi, when I open perldoc in cygwin ,I get some formatting characters like ESC[1m...) along with the text. Below is a cp/paste of what I see on my screen. -- 1::NET::FTP(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation ..1::NET::FTP(3) ESC[1mNAMEESC[0m Net::FTP - FTP Client class ESC[1mSYNOPSISESC[0m use Net::FTP; -- Can I use vi to open perldoc ? Cheers, Chetak Confidentiality Notice The information contained in this electronic message and any attachments to this message are intended for the exclusive use of the addressee(s) and may contain confidential or privileged information. If you are not the intended recipient, please notify the sender at Wipro or [EMAIL PROTECTED] immediately and destroy all copies of this message and any attachments. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Can a regex match numbers?
On Tue, 18 Nov 2003 16:37:06 +, Jabez Wilson wrote:
Is it possible to specify number matching in a regex, i.e. can you have
something like:
my $match =~ m/match_number_if_number_is_less_than_255/
instead of my $match =~ m/(\d{3})/;
if ($1=255){my @array = @array +$1}?
Yes, but would you? IMO, using regular expressions to check the value of
something creates less readable code. I tend to prefer to first check if
I'm really dealing with a number, and then checking the value of it in a
good old fashion way;
if ( $nr =~ m,^[-+]?\d+$, $nr 255 ) {
# Match
}
I don't need to write that regular expression every time, of course,
'cause I've been nice enough to put it in a module so that I only need to
write 'is_int($nr)' each time.
(And the actual implementation of the is_int() function is heavier; It
check if a number really _is_ a number - the above don't, really...)
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matching query.
Hi all I know this should be easy, but I'm at a loss I want to match Help Help ## match this Helps## not match this I am using syntax below, but it's not working $help = Help; if ($source =~ /^$help/) any ideas Thanks in advance Steve -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: matching query.
Steve, Change your regular expression to: if ($source =~ /^\b$help\b) This sets up $help inside of a word boundry. Steve On Tue, Nov 18, 2003 at 09:22:07PM -, Steve Massey wrote: Hi all I know this should be easy, but I'm at a loss I want to match Help Help ## match this Helps## not match this I am using syntax below, but it's not working $help = Help; if ($source =~ /^$help/) any ideas Thanks in advance Steve -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] = Steve Mayer Oracle Corporation Project Lead1211 SW 5th Ave. Portland Development Center Suite 900 [EMAIL PROTECTED] Portland, OR 97204 Phone: 503-525-3127 = -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: matching query.
On Nov 18, 2003, at 3:22 PM, Steve Massey wrote: Hi all Howdy. I know this should be easy, but I'm at a loss I want to match Help Help ## match this Helps## not match this I am using syntax below, but it's not working $help = Help; if ($source =~ /^$help/) if ($source eq $help) ... or maybe if ($source =~ /\b$help\b/) ... The first matches if $source equals help exactly. The second matches if $source contains the word help, surrounded by word boundaries like spaces. Hope that helps. James -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Word replacement
Hi There, How do I read a file and replace all occurences of a word in it with another word. For example, I want to read the file BUS_SCHEDULE and map bus to magic_bus. - Jason / If A equals success, then the formula is: X+Y+Z = A X is work. Y is play. And Z is keep your mouth shut. -Albert Einstein /
RE: Word replacement
Hi There, Howdy How do I read a file and replace all occurences of a word in it with another word. For example, I want to read the file BUS_SCHEDULE and map bus to magic_bus. perl -pi -e 's/\bbus\b/magic_bus/g;' BUS_SCHEDULE The pie tells perl tp read the files that you have as arguments and process them line by line based on what's inbetween the ''. So if you so a substitution that will do the trick! HTH Dmuey - Jason / If A equals success, then the formula is: X+Y+Z = A X is work. Y is play. And Z is keep your mouth shut. -Albert Einstein / -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
how do I create self aware functions
Is it possible to create self aware functions (possibly using a magic
variable)? I.e. functions that know their own name. Sort of the
oppossite of bless.
Basically, I want to create functions like:
sub foo {
my $self = shift (@_);
my $name = decode_blessing ($self);
}
Does that make sense?
Thanks in advance,
Dan
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Re: how do I create self aware functions
On Nov 18, 2003, at 4:23 PM, Dan Anderson wrote: Is it possible to create self aware functions (possibly using a magic variable)? I.e. functions that know their own name. Sort of the oppossite of bless. You're looking for ref(), but first let me give you the This is often a bad idea warning. What are you trying to use the object's name for? James -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: When MUST you use 'map' ?
Jeff Westman [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi, In my limited experience with perl, I've never had to use the 'amp' command, even though I see it used all the time. It seems to just be a short-cut of other commands/keywords that I've used. So, when do you HAVE to use 'map', when no other option makes sense?! Its a shortcut, so you never _have_ to use it. There was a post not too long ago and I used map() in one of the examples. Reverse an array without using reverse(): with an array slice and map(): [EMAIL PROTECTED] trwww]$ perl @array = ( 1 .. 5 ); @array = @array[ map abs(), -$#array .. 0 ]; print( join(\n, @array), \n ); Ctrl-D 5 4 3 2 1 see http://groups.google.com/groups?threadm=20030827112457.74911.qmail%40onion.perl.org Todd W. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: [ADMIN] Re: File upload script
Casey West [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] snip / Casey West -- f u cn rd ths, u cn gt a gd jb n cmptr prgmmng. Where? =0) Todd W. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Rephrasing the Question
Hi All, I need to write a script that finds the uniq() function in code for a data manipulation language, and replaces it with hyd_uniq(). Here are some examples: amend: u= uniq( timetags.bin_start, s ) to: u= hyd_uniq( timetags.bin_start, s ) amend: u_ens=fit_energy(uniq(fit_energy(*,i),s),i) to: u_ens=fit_energy(hyd_uniq(fit_energy(*,i),s),i) amend: nxxi=n_elements(uniq(xxi(sort(xxi to: nxxi=n_elements(hyd_uniq(xxi(sort(xxi Now, in order to get these examples I have already written the regular expressions that do the trick: s/\(uniq\(/\(hyd_uniq\(/; s/(\W)uniq\(/$1hyd_uniq\(/; So my script reads a file, and pulls out the lines with uniq() in them, and then it passes these lines to a hash organized by file name. And then it goes through this hash, and prints out the filename and puts each line through the regular expressions given above to get the amend-to pairs that I printed up at the beginning of this message. So the script let me know just how much work there was to do. But I can't figure out how to write a script that will simply go through each of the files and change every /\Wuniq\(/ to a /hyd_uniq(/ within the file! How do I slurp in a file and amend it? If this seems like an obscenely basic question, I apologize - I have no computer science training, just a copy of the Llama Book. - Jason / If A equals success, then the formula is: X+Y+Z = A X is work. Y is play. And Z is keep your mouth shut. -Albert Einstein /
Re: how do I create self aware functions
You're looking for ref(), but first let me give you the This is often a bad idea warning. What are you trying to use the object's name for? Debugging. I have a function that writes errors / warnings / errata to logs. Sometimes it could be more transparent if I included things like subroutine name / class /etc. -Dan -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: how do I create self aware functions
On Tuesday, Nov 18, 2003, at 14:27 US/Pacific, James Edward Gray II
wrote:
On Nov 18, 2003, at 4:23 PM, Dan Anderson wrote:
Is it possible to create self aware functions (possibly using a magic
variable)? I.e. functions that know their own name. Sort of the
oppossite of bless.
You're looking for ref(), but first let me give you the
This is often a bad idea warning. What are you trying
to use the object's name for?
yes and no actually. { most of the time I TOTALLY agree with you
on this point, so, well, uh... there is a time when it is useful }
He may also want to deal with say
perldoc -f caller
since sometimes it is nice to have things like
we were in main, Foo::Bar::me_called, 14
the demonstration code is up at:
http://www.wetware.com/drieux/PR/blog2/Code/200311.html#id3152014937
ciao
drieux
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Re: how do I create self aware functions
Dan Anderson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] You're looking for ref(), but first let me give you the This is often a bad idea warning. What are you trying to use the object's name for? Debugging. I have a function that writes errors / warnings / errata to logs. Sometimes it could be more transparent if I included things like subroutine name / class /etc. Make a debugging subroutine/method that uses the caller() function: $ perldoc -f caller it will return all the information you need to know. You can then make your debugging subs generic. For higher level stuff, check out Carp::Clan from CPAN. It does stack traces. Todd W. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Rephrasing the Question
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi All, Hey Jason, I need to write a script that finds the uniq() function in code for a data manipulation language, and replaces it with hyd_uniq(). Here are some examples: amend: u= uniq( timetags.bin_start, s ) to: u= hyd_uniq( timetags.bin_start, s ) amend: u_ens=fit_energy(uniq(fit_energy(*,i),s),i) to: u_ens=fit_energy(hyd_uniq(fit_energy(*,i),s),i) amend: nxxi=n_elements(uniq(xxi(sort(xxi to: nxxi=n_elements(hyd_uniq(xxi(sort(xxi Now, in order to get these examples I have already written the regular expressions that do the trick: s/\(uniq\(/\(hyd_uniq\(/; s/(\W)uniq\(/$1hyd_uniq\(/; So my script reads a file, and pulls out the lines with uniq() in them, and then it passes these lines to a hash organized by file name. And then it goes through this hash, and prints out the filename and puts each line through the regular expressions given above to get the amend-to pairs that I printed up at the beginning of this message. So the script let me know just how much work there was to do. But I can't figure out how to write a script that will simply go through each of the files and change every /\Wuniq\(/ to a /hyd_uniq(/ within the file! How do I slurp in a file and amend it? If this seems like an obscenely basic question, I apologize - I have no computer science training, just a copy of the Llama Book. The following one-liner should help. Many previous posts reference this technique. perl -pi -e's/Wuniq\(/hyd_uniq\(/' *.c Regards, Chuck - Jason / If A equals success, then the formula is: X+Y+Z = A X is work. Y is play. And Z is keep your mouth shut. -Albert Einstein / -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Word replacement
Here's the textbook way to do it (TIMTOWTDI of course, but
nevertheless):
##
use strict;
use warnings;
open(INFILE,BUS_SCHEDULE) || die Couldn't open BUS_SCHEDULE for
reading!\n;
open(OUTFILE,BUS_SCHEDULE.new) || die Couldn't open BUS_SCHEDULE.new
for writing!\n;
while(INFILE){
$_ =~ s/bus/magic_bus/gi; #g for every occurrence, i for
case-insensitive
print OUTFILE $_;
}
close INFILE;
close OUTFILE;
rename(BUS_SCHEDULE.new,BUS_SCHEDULE) || die Couldn't rename the
new file!\n; #automatically kills the old file
###
Adding in the error checking and not using any magic may seem like extra
work, but in the end it really doesn't take much extra time and can save
you (or especially the next guy that has to look at your code) a lot of
time down the road.
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fedora and findmodules script
I upgraded a RH9 machine to Fedora, and now the script I used to use for
determing what CPAN modules are on my machine will not report anything
but Perl. That is, I know I have many modules on the machine, but the
script is not reporting them. I would appreciate any ideas about what I
can change to fix things!
Here is the script (I found it elsewhere, and did not write it myself):
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
# This program will tell me what modules I have installed on my machine.
use ExtUtils::Installed;
my $instmod = ExtUtils::Installed-new();
foreach my $module ($instmod-modules()) {
my $version = $instmod-version($module) || ???;
print $module -- $version\n;
}
Here is the relevant output:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] perlstuff]$ ./findmodules
Perl -- 5.8.1
However I have many up to date modules installed. I searched Redhat's
Bugzilla for fedora perl modules but didn't turn up anything there.
Any advice would be appreciated!
Thanks,
Clint
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Fedora and Findmodules Script
I upgraded a RH9 machine to Fedora, and now the script I used to use for
determing what CPAN modules are on my machine will not report anything
but Perl. That is, I know I have many modules on the machine, but the
script is not reporting them. I would appreciate any ideas about what I
can change to fix things!
Here is the script (I found it elsewhere, and did not write it myself):
use ExtUtils::Installed;
my $instmod = ExtUtils::Installed-new();
foreach my $module ($instmod-modules()) {
my $version = $instmod-version($module) || ???;
print $module -- $version\n;
}
Here is the relevant output:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] perlstuff]$ ./findmodules
Perl -- 5.8.1
However I have many up to date modules installed. I searched Redhat's
Bugzilla for fedora perl modules but didn't turn up anything there.
Any advice would be appreciated!
Thanks,
Clint
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Re: Word replacement
Tim Johnson wrote:
Here's the textbook way to do it (TIMTOWTDI of course, but
nevertheless):
I guess it depends on your textbook. :-)
##
use strict;
use warnings;
open(INFILE,BUS_SCHEDULE) || die Couldn't open BUS_SCHEDULE for
reading!\n;
open(OUTFILE,BUS_SCHEDULE.new) || die Couldn't open BUS_SCHEDULE.new
for writing!\n;
while(INFILE){
$_ =~ s/bus/magic_bus/gi; #g for every occurrence, i for
case-insensitive
print OUTFILE $_;
}
close INFILE;
close OUTFILE;
rename(BUS_SCHEDULE.new,BUS_SCHEDULE) || die Couldn't rename the
new file!\n; #automatically kills the old file
{
local ( $^I, @ARGV ) = ( '.bak', 'BUS_SCHEDULE' );
s/\bbus\b/magic_bus/g while
}
# :-)
John
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Re: pagination of dbi results on html browser
A L wrote: Joseph ###My background... Well, I had my first encounter with Perl in the Fall of 2000. It was not pretty. At the time, my only programming experience was Pascal taken as a high school student. However, I really wanted to learn programming better, and was told that Perl is the language to learn to get things done. But, I hated Perl the first time because I had a huge issue with debugging when it won't let me do things because I missed a period or something important, which I was unaware of. This is something that you will have to adapt to. Programming is a pretty exact art. Every character must be there for a reason, So is good writing for that matter. Unfortunately, the speed with which we can send messages ahs had its impact on the quality of proofreading. It can be a very healthy discipline to have to meet the demands of the compiler. [clip and save--I've said it before, I'll say it again] I see the compiler as a sort of guru--a stern but fair taskmaster that has no ego, no will or motivation of its ownm and thus is able to reflect only what is offered to it. [/clip] Make the compiler your friend. When it prints an error message, it is because it is unable to understand the code as written. The Perl interpreter is particularly forgiving. If at all possible to make sense of the code, it will. Then its a bit of a detective game to locate the errors cited. Sometimes the errors will not be obvious, since the compiler will read the code until it finds something that just can't be translated. The process of finding those errors is also good for you. Then, I learned a little bit of Java. I liked Java with all its structures and class less than I did Perl. That's too bad. Not that you prefer Perl, but to be put off by classes and structures. Structures and classes, and the thinking required to develop them, are the most powerful tools available to support creative programming. Now, I'm trying to master Perl to an extent where I feel comfortable enough to create things I want to create without feeling at a total loss or frustration to call a computer stupid for not doing what I had written. A computer can only do what it is told. When we see results we don't like, we have to look at what we are telling the compiler. Also, I'm using Linux. So, to answer your question about studying the basic concepts of command-line programming with Perl, I think that I do know a little bit to test my codes, but I do have my Perl reference manuals beside me to look up things whenever necessary, as I am always learning something new and cool. Angela It might be worth re-examining your approach to problem-solving. Any problem can be either a burden or a challenge. a lot of the difference comes in how you approach it. If you just get angry at the compiler for sending you error messages, then you miss out on the help it is offering you. For me, it is actually a great convenience. When I am on a roll with the logic, I take only moderate care about the code. I don't intentionally neglect sysntax, but I focus on logic. Then each time I finish a new function body, I: perl -c my_program_name.pl before I try to run. I just accept that I may have to run this command and toggle back to the script to catch my errors. It's just part of the process, and I've learned to enjoy it. By using highly structured code, I can usually keep the complications to a minimum for the process I am working on at any given time. My current project just went beyond 1500 lines. I can't imagine trying to keep track of all that if it was unstructured. As it is, it's no problem. There is not a single function in that file that can't be viewed in whole in a single screen. This makes it very easy to isolate problems. I would recommend at a minimum that you test the DBI and CGI modules each in isolation before trying to do an integrated web-based data access system. Each tool Perl offers has its own purpose characteristics, and quirks. It is easiest to get familiar with them one at a time. The deeper your familiarity with each, the more readily you will be able to make them integrate smoothly. Joseph -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
