Conserving memory
If I populate @array
Then
@array=();
Is the memory that was used for that array now freed?
Similarly
If I populate the anonymous array @{$arrayREFS[$index]}
Then
@{$arrayREFS[$index]}=();
Is the memory that was used for that anonymous array now freed?
Thanks in advance
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Problem with Perl upload with $CGI::POST_MAX
Hi All, I try to upload file to my perl upload program and I have restricted the file upload with 100KB ($CGI::POST_MAX = 1024 * 100;), when a uploaded file exceed the size limit, an error message will be shown by calling $query-cgi_error(). It's working fine with all type of files but except for file with the image content. When the file with image content exceed the size limit, it show the following error at internet explorer: The page cannot be displayed Cannot find server or DNS Error Internet Explorer Please help and advice. Thanks Regards, Leo -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://learn.perl.org/
Reading from multiple sockets.
Hi All!
I'm pretty new to working with sockets in perl, looked around for days
for a proper solution for my IRC/DCC problem but couldn't find one.
The connection to the server uses a socket with a neverending while
loop:
sub connection {
# Make The Initial Server Connection! #
$con = IO::Socket::INET-new(PeerAddr=$server,
PeerPort=$port,
Proto='tcp',
Timeout='30') || print Error! $!\n;
while($answer = $con) {
http://www.perlmonks.org/?abspart=1;displaytype=displaycode;node_id=718
388;part=1
All works fine untill i want to make a DCC connection using another
socket:
$dcc = IO::Socket::INET-new(PeerAddr=$2,
PeerPort=$3,
Proto='tcp',
Timeout='30') || print Error! $!\n;
print $dcc Connection Established!\n;
while ($talk = $dcc) {
http://www.perlmonks.org/?abspart=1;displaytype=displaycode;node_id=718
388;part=2
The first loop is being blocked?
I only receive input/output from the second loop untill this one is
closed again, then the first loop continues
How can i get a continuous flow from both?
I've read some bits about IO::Socket::Select, and have also been playing
with multiple threads, but i prefer the first option... Any help is very
appreciated!
-
Marco van Kammen
Springer
System Manager Postmaster
-
Van Godewijckstraat 30 | 3311 GX
Office Number: 05E21
P.O. Box 17 | 3300 AA
Dordrecht | The Netherlands
tel +31 (0) 78 657 6446
fax +31 (0) 78 657 6302
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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-
Re: Problem with Perl upload with $CGI::POST_MAX
2008/10/21 [EMAIL PROTECTED]: It's working fine with all type of files but except for file with the image content. When the file with image content exceed the size limit, it show the following error at internet explorer: The page cannot be displayed Cannot find server or DNS Error Internet Explorer For CGI programming, you should always read the log items in error_log, that will tell you what problems happened. -- Jeff Pang http://home.arcor.de/pangj/ -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://learn.perl.org/
expect error
hi all, i am using expect module to connect to a remote server. i am getting the following error. Cannot sync with child: Interrupted system call at /perl_path/lib/Expect.pm line 134, somebody please let me know a solution for this. thanks, sandeep. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://learn.perl.org/
two questions on my perl exam.
I am a student and enrolled Unix programing this semester.
There are two questions relating to perl I can not work out in the
last exam ( Actually I have write out my code, however the exam system
marked it as wrong). Please help me to point out the fault. Thanks.
QUESTION 1
Write a perl script called perl_has_number.pl which takes one
argument
which is any string. The script should output true if the string
contains any digits, and false otherwise.
MY CODE:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
if ($ARGV[0]=~ /\d+/)
{
print true\n;
}
else
{
print false\n;
}
QUESTION 2
Write a perl script called perl_digits.pl which takes any number of
arguments. The script should return the number found by deleting all
non-digits.
Example:
./perl_digits.pl and1 pan2d 30rr and 4
will return 12304
MY CODE:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
sub outcom
{
$outcome=;
foreach $a (@ARGV)
{
if ($a=~/\d+/)
{
$outcome=$outcome.$;
}
}
return $outcome;
}
$digital=outcom(@ARGV);
print $digital . \n;
In my view, both code could give out right results. Could you help me
to find the fault?
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last element during foreach loop
Hello,
I would like to know how to test for the last element of a list during
a foreach loop, e.g.
foreach $element (@List) {
if (this is the last element) {
do something
}
}
What would I use for the IF condition?
Thanks,
Dave
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RE: Reading from multiple sockets.
Hi All! I'm pretty new to working with sockets in perl, looked around for days for a proper solution for my IRC/DCC problem but couldn't find one. The connection to the server uses a socket with a neverending while loop: All works fine untill i want to make a DCC connection using another socket: The first loop is being blocked? I only receive input/output from the second loop untill this one is closed again, then the first loop continues How can i get a continuous flow from both? I've read some bits about IO::Socket::Select, and have also been playing with multiple threads, but i prefer the first option... Any help is very appreciated! Marco van Kammen You need to use select, or put a timeout on can_read on both sockets. See the following for how to use timeouts: http://perlmonks.org?node_id=716603 http://perlmonks.org?node_id=602621 zentara Thanks for your input The whole select thingie is still a bit blurry to me...(I really need a Book). Which I forgot to mention is that both my sockets are connected to different ports... (54321 1024) And also, one socket is connected to a server, and the other socket is accepting from a client Does this change anything?? So Loop 1 is reading stuff that is happening on the server. And Loop 2 is reading stuff that a direct client is sending. Marco! -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://learn.perl.org/
Re: last element during foreach loop
2008/10/21 six24hourdays [EMAIL PROTECTED]:
Hello,
I would like to know how to test for the last element of a list during
a foreach loop, e.g.
foreach $element (@List) {
if (this is the last element) {
do something
}
}
my $i =0;
for (@list) {
if ($i == $#list) {
}
$i ++;
}
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eval, ualarm and IO::Socket
Hi there, I just wanted to ask if somebody has implementet an nonblocking socket reader, which uses Time::HiRes ualarm() function (or nativ perls alarm function) to break the waiting on data in socket (if the socket has no data) after a view microsecond... (in eval block) then do something else, like looking for signals etc... and then start listening on the socket again. (Or is this a stupid idea anyway?) I ask, because i don´t want to implement a real nonblocking io::socket reader, because this is very though and when reading nonblocking I can´t handle incoming signales fast enough. (Somehow POE came to my mind... maybe there is something better (like wheel:socket or something like that...) ) Thanks, D.
Re: $o-document vs $o-document()
On Thu, Oct 9, 2008 at 6:04 AM, Peter Scott [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Wed, 08 Oct 2008 04:59:19 -0700, John W. Krahn wrote: oldyork90 wrote: I am using a module having documentation saying document() is a method. However, I see it used as $o-document; Can you reference a method in this way? (I takes no args). I always thought $o-document() and $o-document meant different things, function verses attribute. perldoc perlsub To call subroutines: NAME(LIST);# is optional with parentheses. NAME LIST; # Parentheses optional if predeclared/imported. NAME(LIST); # Circumvent prototypes. NAME; # Makes current @_ visible to called subroutine. That isn't particularly relevant to the effect of leaving parentheses off method calls. You don't use with methods (unless you're being perverse). Methods ignore prototypes. And @_ is not passed through when parens are left out on method calls. In fact, I can't find anything in perldoc about parens being optional on method calls. All the examples I find leave in even empty ones. Of course you can leave them out. Parenthesis-less calls are documented in the Camel (Method Invocation) but not given any special attention. I guess that got added in the third edition when there started to be divergence between the Camel and perldoc. Actually, it's quite relevant. The important thing to remember is that Perl has no inherent concept of objects or methods. Objects are just subroutines that call bless() on themselves. The rules for passing arguments to all subroutines apply to objects. The perlobj perldoc also information on the indirect object syntax and how it applies, in often quirky ways, specifically to method invocations. HTH, -- jay -- This email and attachment(s): [ ] blogable; [ x ] ask first; [ ] private and confidential daggerquill [at] gmail [dot] com http://www.tuaw.com http://www.downloadsquad.com http://www.engatiki.org values of β will give rise to dom!
Re: two questions on my perl exam.
On Tue, Oct 21, 2008 at 08:49, birdinforest [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I am a student and enrolled Unix programing this semester.
There are two questions relating to perl I can not work out in the
last exam ( Actually I have write out my code, however the exam system
marked it as wrong). Please help me to point out the fault. Thanks.
QUESTION 1
Write a perl script called perl_has_number.pl which takes one
argument
which is any string. The script should output true if the string
contains any digits, and false otherwise.
MY CODE:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
if ($ARGV[0]=~ /\d+/)
{
print true\n;
}
else
{
print false\n;
}
snip
Things an automated system may find wrong:
1. the spec says to print true or false and you are printing
true\n or false\n
2. the spec says that the script should receive only one argument, but
your script will process the first argument if more than on is given
3. you are using \d which in modern (5.8 and above, possibly some 5.6
versions) Perl matches non-English number characters as well (e.g.
Mongolian five: \x{1815})
4. the interpreter may not be in /usr/bin
Additional things I find wrong with it:
1. you aren't using strict
2. you are using -w to turn on warnings instead of the warnings pragma or $^W=1
3. the bracing style is horrible
snip
QUESTION 2
Write a perl script called perl_digits.pl which takes any number of
arguments. The script should return the number found by deleting all
non-digits.
Example:
./perl_digits.pl and1 pan2d 30rr and 4
will return 12304
MY CODE:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
sub outcom
{
$outcome=;
foreach $a (@ARGV)
{
if ($a=~/\d+/)
{
$outcome=$outcome.$;
}
}
return $outcome;
}
$digital=outcom(@ARGV);
print $digital . \n;
snip
Many of the earlier statements hold true for this one as well, but the
error is probably on this case:
./perl_digits.pl and1 pan2d 3rr4 and 5
which should print out
12345
but instead prints out
1235
Things I find wrong:
1. everything I said before
2. you are passing @ARGV to the function, but aren't using @_ in the
function (instead you go back to @ARGV)
3. you misspelled outcome which is a very bad named for the function
to start with
4. you are using $a which has special meaning to the sort function
5. you are using $ instead of a capture (thereby slowing down all regexes)
6. you are using a loop where you should be using a core function
7. you are spelling for as foreach (those extra four letters don't do
anything and are being dropped in Perl 6)
8. you are spacing the assignments as if it were a shell script
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RE: Reading from multiple sockets.
From: Kammen van, Marco, Springer SBM NL Hi All! I'm pretty new to working with sockets in perl, looked around for days for a proper solution for my IRC/DCC problem but couldn't find one. The connection to the server uses a socket with a neverending while loop: All works fine untill i want to make a DCC connection using another socket: The first loop is being blocked? I only receive input/output from the second loop untill this one is closed again, then the first loop continues How can i get a continuous flow from both? I've read some bits about IO::Socket::Select, and have also been playing with multiple threads, but i prefer the first option... Any help is very appreciated! You need to use select, or put a timeout on can_read on both sockets. See the following for how to use timeouts: http://perlmonks.org?node_id=716603 http://perlmonks.org?node_id=602621 zentara Thanks for your input The whole select thingie is still a bit blurry to me...(I really need a Book). Which I forgot to mention is that both my sockets are connected to different ports... (54321 1024) And also, one socket is connected to a server, and the other socket is accepting from a client Does this change anything?? So Loop 1 is reading stuff that is happening on the server. And Loop 2 is reading stuff that a direct client is sending. Marco! At this level, the only difference between a client and a server is the opening sequence. After the sockets are open, they can be treated exactly the same. So once you have the sockets open, and as long as there are no pending listens for additional connections, there are no differences in how you read or write on multiple sockets. You need a single loop where select will return when one or both sockets have received data, when it times out or when a signal is received, whichever comes first. The timeout can be used to check for other events, like keyboard input, before you loop back into the select call. Bob McConnell -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://learn.perl.org/
Re: two questions on my perl exam.
birdinforest wrote:
I am a student and enrolled Unix programing this semester.
There are two questions relating to perl I can not work out in the
last exam ( Actually I have write out my code, however the exam system
marked it as wrong). Please help me to point out the fault. Thanks.
QUESTION 1
Write a perl script called perl_has_number.pl which takes one
argument
which is any string. The script should output true if the string
contains any digits, and false otherwise.
MY CODE:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
if ($ARGV[0]=~ /\d+/)
{
print true\n;
}
else
{
print false\n;
}
QUESTION 2
Write a perl script called perl_digits.pl which takes any number of
arguments. The script should return the number found by deleting all
non-digits.
Any or all of the following, depending on the examination criteria:
- You should
use strict;
use warnings;
instead of using the command line -w switch.
- You don't check the number of arguments provided. If there are none at all
then your code will throw the warning Use of uninitialized value in pattern
match and print false.
- You needlessly check for multiple digits, when only one is necessary to fulfil
the condition
Here is what I would hav written
use strict;
use warnings;
die Exactly one argument expected unless @ARGV == 1;
my $arg = shift;
print $arg =~ /[0-9]/ ? true\n : false\n;
Example:
./perl_digits.pl and1 pan2d 30rr and 4
will return 12304
MY CODE:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
sub outcom
{
$outcome=;
foreach $a (@ARGV)
{
if ($a=~/\d+/)
{
$outcome=$outcome.$;
}
}
return $outcome;
}
$digital=outcom(@ARGV);
print $digital . \n;
In my view, both code could give out right results. Could you help me
to find the fault?
I would guess that that is just far too complex, and shows that you haven't
fully grasped regular expressions yet. You should also know not to use $ $a.
Here is my program.
use strict;
use warnings;
print join('', @ARGV =~ /[0-9]/g), \n;
Rob
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Re: last element during foreach loop
On Tue, Oct 21, 2008 at 09:39, six24hourdays [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hello,
I would like to know how to test for the last element of a list during
a foreach loop, e.g.
foreach $element (@List) {
if (this is the last element) {
do something
}
}
What would I use for the IF condition?
snip
This is an odd desire; are you sure you really need to do this? Can
you tell us what you are trying to achieve? Jeff's answer does what
you want, but most likely there is a better approach to be using for
your actual problem.
--
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The most important skill a programmer can have is the ability to read.
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Re: last element during foreach loop
2008/10/21 Chas. Owens [EMAIL PROTECTED]:
This is an odd desire; are you sure you really need to do this? Can
you tell us what you are trying to achieve? Jeff's answer does what
you want, but most likely there is a better approach to be using for
your actual problem.
Agree.
He probably want the last element from the array, then try,
my $last = $list[-1];
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Re: two questions on my perl exam.
On Tue, Oct 21, 2008 at 10:43, Rob Dixon [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
snip
snip
use strict;
use warnings;
print join('', @ARGV =~ /[0-9]/g), \n;
snip
The perl interpreter in my brain throws a syntax error on the line 4
character 15.
Since you have put your code out there here is mine:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
(my $digits = join , @ARGV) =~ s/[^0-9]//g;
print $digits\n;
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Re: last element during foreach loop
On Tue, 2008-10-21 at 22:47 +0800, Jeff Pang wrote:
2008/10/21 Chas. Owens [EMAIL PROTECTED]:
This is an odd desire; are you sure you really need to do this? Can
you tell us what you are trying to achieve? Jeff's answer does what
you want, but most likely there is a better approach to be using for
your actual problem.
Agree.
He probably want the last element from the array, then try,
my $last = $list[-1];
if( @list ){
my $last_item = pop @list;
for my $item ( @list ){
# do stuff for all items but last
}
# do stuff for $last_item
}
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Linux is obsolete.
-- Andrew Tanenbaum
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Re: expect error
On Tue, Oct 21, 2008 at 09:40, Sandeep Kumar [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: hi all, i am using expect module to connect to a remote server. i am getting the following error. Cannot sync with child: Interrupted system call at /perl_path/lib/Expect.pm line 134, somebody please let me know a solution for this. thanks, sandeep. Can you duplicate the problem with a small script and post the small script here so others can replicate your issue? Often I find the problem just by writing a smaller version of what I am trying to do. -- Chas. Owens wonkden.net The most important skill a programmer can have is the ability to read. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://learn.perl.org/
Re: last element during foreach loop
On Tue, 2008-10-21 at 10:55 -0400, Mr. Shawn H. Corey wrote:
if( @list ){
my $last_item = pop @list;
for my $item ( @list ){
# do stuff for all items but last
}
# do stuff for $last_item
}
If you want @list restored after you're done processing:
if( @list ){
my $last_item = pop @list;
for my $item ( @list ){
# do stuff for all items but last
}
# do stuff for $last_item
push @list, $last_item;
}
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Shawn
Linux is obsolete.
-- Andrew Tanenbaum
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Re: last element during foreach loop
On Tue, Oct 21, 2008 at 10:56, David Stiff [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi Chas,
There probably is a better approach.
I am going through a list of Subversion branch names, e.g.
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_4
BRANCH_4
and checking to see if $branch eq $lastBranch. Then I do something.
The problem is that the last time through the loop, e.g. BRANCH_4,
nothing happens because the IF never evaluates to true.
If I understand you correctly then this code should work for you:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
#open my $fh, -|, svn somehing
# or die could not run 'svn something': $!;
my $old_branch = '';
while (my $new_branch = DATA) { #use $fh here instead of DATA
chomp $new_branch;
if ($old_branch eq $new_branch) {
print doing stuff to $new_branch\n;
}
$old_branch = $new_branch;
}
__DATA__
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_4
BRANCH_4
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Re: Conserving memory
On Mon, 2008-10-20 at 23:29 -0700, kenTk wrote:
If I populate @array
Then
@array=();
Is the memory that was used for that array now freed?
Yes, providing no other variable contains those items. For example:
my @a = qw( a b c );
my @b = @a;
@a = ();
Since @b contains everything is @a, its contents are not freed until the
contents of @b are replaced.
Similarly
If I populate the anonymous array @{$arrayREFS[$index]}
Then
@{$arrayREFS[$index]}=();
Is the memory that was used for that anonymous array now freed?
Yes but as above.
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Linux is obsolete.
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Re: last element during foreach loop
On Tue, Oct 21, 2008 at 11:06, Chas. Owens [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: snip #open my $fh, -|, svn somehing # or die could not run 'svn something': $!; snip Whoops, that is what I get for going too fast. The multiple argument version is faster because it doesn't need to spawn a sub shell: open my $fh, -|, svn, arg1, arg2, etc -- Chas. Owens wonkden.net The most important skill a programmer can have is the ability to read. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://learn.perl.org/
Re: expect error
Chas. Owens wrote: On Tue, Oct 21, 2008 at 09:40, Sandeep Kumar [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: hi all, i am using expect module to connect to a remote server. i am getting the following error. Cannot sync with child: Interrupted system call at /perl_path/lib/Expect.pm line 134, somebody please let me know a solution for this. thanks, sandeep. Can you duplicate the problem with a small script and post the small script here so others can replicate your issue? Often I find the problem just by writing a smaller version of what I am trying to do. i have been using expect regularly, and its the first time seeing this problem. i already did what you just suggested, and it worked fine. the problem is not even a persistent one, and happening only sometimes. below is the shortened version, which worked fine. i would like to know, what interrupted system call means. use strict; use warnings; use Expect; use IO::Tty; $host = 192.168.1.72; $passwd= xyz; $user = xyz; $t= file.txt; my $connect = Expect-spawn(scp $t [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/work/$user/); $connect-expect(30,\s) ||die junk1; print $connect $passwd.\n; $connect-expect(30,-re,'$\s'); $connect-soft_close();
Re: expect error
use strict; use warnings; use Expect; use IO::Tty; $host = 192.168.1.72; $passwd= xyz; $user = xyz; $t= file.txt; my $connect = Expect-spawn(scp $t [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/work/$user/); $connect-expect(30,\s) ||die junk1; print $connect $passwd.\n; Do you want to send the password?, let expect wait for the prompt $connect-expect(30, word:); $connect-send($passwd\n); $connect-expect(30,-re,'$\s'); $connect-soft_close(); -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://learn.perl.org/
Re: using algorithm-permute
On Oct 19, 6:38 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Sisyphus) wrote:
On Oct 17, 3:04 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Sharan Basappa) wrote:
.
.
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use Algorithm::Permute;
my @array = (1..4);
Algorithm::Permute::permute { print @array\n } @array;
use warnings;
use strict;
use Algorithm::Permute;
my @array = (1..9);
my $p = new Algorithm::Permute([EMAIL PROTECTED]);
# print out the first 20 permutations of @array,
# assigning each permutation to @new, and
# printing it out:
for(1..20) {
my @new = $p-next;
print @new\n;
}
Cheers,
Rob
Thanks, Rob
I have modified the code a little bit to suit my requirements. But
still the code does not seem to work i.e.
the final print of @x does not display any value. However, I change
the code foreach (@array) to for (1..)
the way you have coded, it works fine. My requirement is to put all
the permutations into a new array,
not just (1..20)
I have another basic doubt. After permute is called with @array
argument, does it now contain
new permutations or still (1..4).
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use Algorithm::Permute;
my @array = (1..4);
my $p = new Algorithm::Permute([EMAIL PROTECTED]);
foreach (@array)
{
my @x = $p-next;
print @x \n;
}
Regards
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Re: two questions on my perl exam.
birdinforest wrote:
I am a student and enrolled Unix programing this semester.
There are two questions relating to perl I can not work out in the
last exam ( Actually I have write out my code, however the exam system
marked it as wrong). Please help me to point out the fault. Thanks.
QUESTION 1
Write a perl script called perl_has_number.pl which takes one
argument
which is any string. The script should output true if the string
contains any digits, and false otherwise.
MY CODE:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
if ($ARGV[0]=~ /\d+/)
{
print true\n;
}
else
{
print false\n;
}
QUESTION 2
Write a perl script called perl_digits.pl which takes any number of
arguments. The script should return the number found by deleting all
non-digits.
Example:
./perl_digits.pl and1 pan2d 30rr and 4
will return 12304
MY CODE:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
sub outcom
{
$outcome=;
foreach $a (@ARGV)
{
if ($a=~/\d+/)
{
$outcome=$outcome.$;
}
}
return $outcome;
}
$digital=outcom(@ARGV);
print $digital . \n;
In my view, both code could give out right results. Could you help me
to find the fault?
You should find out from your examiners why they are wrong. Perhaps
they want you to use tr/// instead of m//:
#!/usr/bin/perl -l
print $ARGV[0] =~ tr/0-9// ? true : false;
#!/usr/bin/perl -l
($_ = @ARGV) =~ tr/0-9//cd;
print;
John
--
Perl isn't a toolbox, but a small machine shop where you
can special-order certain sorts of tools at low cost and
in short order.-- Larry Wall
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Re: last element during foreach loop
six24hourdays wrote:
Hello,
Hello,
I would like to know how to test for the last element of a list during
a foreach loop, e.g.
foreach $element (@List) {
if (this is the last element) {
do something
}
}
What would I use for the IF condition?
You can't because a list does not have a name.
perldoc -q What is the difference between a list and an array
You can however do it with an array by comparing references:
$ perl -le'
my @x = a .. z;
for my $elem ( @x ) {
print $elem if \$elem == \$x[-1];
}
'
z
John
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can special-order certain sorts of tools at low cost and
in short order.-- Larry Wall
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Re: Conserving memory
On Tue, Oct 21, 2008 at 11:08, Mr. Shawn H. Corey [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
On Mon, 2008-10-20 at 23:29 -0700, kenTk wrote:
If I populate @array
Then
@array=();
Is the memory that was used for that array now freed?
Yes, providing no other variable contains those items. For example:
snip
Not necessarily, even if it is garbage collected perl might not return
the memory to the system. The perl interpreter will most likely hold
onto that memory for its own future use. The only protection against
this is to use as little memory as possible.
snip
my @a = qw( a b c );
my @b = @a;
@a = ();
Since @b contains everything is @a, its contents are not freed until the
contents of @b are replaced.
snip
@b contains copies of what is in @a, not references; therefore
emptying @a has no effect on @b. If you had said
@b = map { \$_} @a;
then your statement makes sense.
Similarly
If I populate the anonymous array @{$arrayREFS[$index]}
Then
@{$arrayREFS[$index]}=();
Is the memory that was used for that anonymous array now freed?
Yes but as above.
snip
No, as above.
--
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wonkden.net
The most important skill a programmer can have is the ability to read.
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Using a variable in a =~ match??
Hi all,
Serious noob here (one week into llama 5th ed.).
I'm trying to write a script to pull a specific file from a directory
and search that file for specific phrases. I am having a problem
searching for the file in the directory. If I type in the actual file
name (line 26) I can find the phrase file.zip (line 30). Obviously,
this will only work once. If I use a variable to search for a file I
get nothing. What is the proper format for line 26?I can't use
File::Find so please don't suggest it. Thx.
#!/usr/bin/perl
2 use strict;
3
4 my $Log_Dir;
5 my $file;
6 my $Date;
7 my $File_Name;
8 my @array;
9 my $file_name;
10
11 $Log_Dir = /var/log/apache/;
12 opendir DH, $Log_Dir or die Cannot open $Log_Dir: $!;
13 while ($file = readdir DH){
14 push(@array, $file);
15 }
16
17 closedir DH;
18
19 $Date = `date --date=yesterday +%Y%m%d-2400-0`;
20 # The file name always starts with file111-11-23.abctyu_X but the
time stamp changes daily (predictable)
21 # Example Filename: file111-11-23.abctyu_X.20081020-2400-0
22 $File_Name = file111-11-23.abctyu_X.$Date;
23 print $Date;
24 foreach $file_name (@array){
25 chomp;
26 if ($file_name =~ /$File_Name/){
27 open LOGFILE, $File_Name;
28 while (LOGFILE){
29 #Search log file for the word file.zip
30 if(/file.zip/){
31 print $_\n;
32 }
33 }
34 }
35 }
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Re: Conserving memory
Mr. Shawn H. Corey schreef:
kenTk:
If I populate @array
Then
@array=();
Is the memory that was used for that array now freed?
Yes, providing no other variable contains those items. For example:
my @a = qw( a b c );
my @b = @a;
@a = ();
Since @b contains everything is @a, its contents are not freed until
the contents of @b are replaced.
Similarly
If I populate the anonymous array @{$arrayREFS[$index]}
Then
@{$arrayREFS[$index]}=();
Is the memory that was used for that anonymous array now freed?
Yes but as above.
This comes closer, but still isn't the whole story:
OS-memory allocated by perl (let's call it perl-memory) gets detached
from a container (like a variable) when the container itself is
destroyed, for example when it gets out of scope.
Detaching perl-memory from one container doesn't mean that the
perl-memory becomes perl-free (or rather perl-reusable), because it
can still be attached to other containers.
Only when perl-memory is no longer attached to any container, it is
possible to mark it as perl-free.
perl-free doesn't mean that it is returned to the OS. Normally it just
remains claimed by the perl process, but can be reused by other
containers.
It also depends on which memory allocation strategy your perl binary
uses, see `perl -V |grep alloc`.
Just assume that perl-the-binary, while running, never gives back memory
to the OS. By coding your Perl properly, you can facilitate it to reuse
some parts of all OS-memory that it ever claimed (so that it doesn't
need to claim even more OS-memory).
--
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Gewoon is een tijger.
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Re: last element during foreach loop
John W. Krahn schreef:
six24hourdays:
I would like to know how to test for the last element of a list
during a foreach loop [...]
You can't because a list does not have a name. [...]
You can however do it with an array by comparing references:
$ perl -le'
my @x = a .. z;
for my $elem ( @x ) {
print $elem if \$elem == \$x[-1];
}
'
z
There are of course ways in Perl to make this fail. One way:
$ perl -MData::Alias -wle'
my @x = a..z;
alias $x[3] = $x[-1];
$x[-1] = test;
for my $elem (@x) {
print $elem if \$elem == \$x[-1];
}
'
test
test
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Re: last element during foreach loop
On Oct 21, 11:06 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Chas. Owens) wrote:
On Tue, Oct 21, 2008 at 10:56, David Stiff [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi Chas,
There probably is a better approach.
I am going through a list of Subversion branch names, e.g.
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_4
BRANCH_4
and checking to see if $branch eq $lastBranch. Then I do something.
The problem is that the last time through the loop, e.g. BRANCH_4,
nothing happens because the IF never evaluates to true.
If I understand you correctly then this code should work for you:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
#open my $fh, -|, svn somehing
# or die could not run 'svn something': $!;
my $old_branch = '';
while (my $new_branch = DATA) { #use $fh here instead of DATA
chomp $new_branch;
if ($old_branch eq $new_branch) {
print doing stuff to $new_branch\n;
}
$old_branch = $new_branch;
}
__DATA__
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_4
BRANCH_4
--
Chas. Owens
wonkden.net
The most important skill a programmer can have is the ability to read.
This works if there are 2 of each branch (as in the example). If there
are more then the IF condition is true more times than I want. I only
want a condition to be true for the transition to a new branch. Then I
email the branch owner with the list.
Right now I am just pushing a dummy entry onto the end of the list so
my IF condition (if $branch ne $lastBranch) is true at the transition.
Dave
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Changing from FTP to Secure copy
I am in the middle of moving from Solaris to Linux environment. On the current Solaris box, I use Net::FTP for all the work that needs to be done. On Linux, the ftp is not available, due to security concerns. The Linux environment had Perl at 5.8.0 and so I got the okay to bring down AS Linux for 5.8.8. That is has been loaded and I have loaded a few other modules that I use in the Solaris area. I was lookng at installing Net::SFTP, but it is failing as follows: Failed during this command: ILYAZ/modules/Math-Pari-2.010800.tar.gz : writemakefile NO '/opt/ActivePerl-5.8/bin/perl-static Makefile.PL INSTALLDIRS=site' returned status 2304 TURNSTEP/Net-SSH-Perl-1.32.tar.gz: make_test NO one dependency not OK (Math::Pari) DBROBINS/Net-SFTP-0.10.tar.gz: make_test NO Did as quick look on web and found some related info on 2304. So tried installing the Math::Pari, but won't complete and fails with the status 2304. If one needs to do the secure copy from machines, what is the best path to pursue( at this point, there are no libssh2 libraries that I can find, but probably could get them)? Prefer a Perl solution verses wrapping other commands, but I am following the lead of my backup who has more knowledge in this area ( and may not be alot, but does have more). Any thoughts or ideas on how to advance, would be greatly appreciated. Thanks. Wags ;) David R. Wagner Senior Programmer Analyst FedEx Freight 1.408.323.4225x2224 TEL 1.408.323.4449 FAX http://fedex.com/us -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://learn.perl.org/
Re: last element during foreach loop
six24hourdays wrote:
On Oct 21, 11:06 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Chas. Owens) wrote:
On Tue, Oct 21, 2008 at 10:56, David Stiff [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
There probably is a better approach.
I am going through a list of Subversion branch names, e.g.
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_4
BRANCH_4
and checking to see if $branch eq $lastBranch. Then I do something.
The problem is that the last time through the loop, e.g. BRANCH_4,
nothing happens because the IF never evaluates to true.
If I understand you correctly then this code should work for you:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
#open my $fh, -|, svn somehing
# or die could not run 'svn something': $!;
my $old_branch = '';
while (my $new_branch = DATA) { #use $fh here instead of DATA
chomp $new_branch;
if ($old_branch eq $new_branch) {
print doing stuff to $new_branch\n;
}
$old_branch = $new_branch;
}
__DATA__
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_1
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_2
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_3
BRANCH_4
BRANCH_4
--
Chas. Owens
wonkden.net
The most important skill a programmer can have is the ability to read.
This works if there are 2 of each branch (as in the example). If there
are more then the IF condition is true more times than I want. I only
want a condition to be true for the transition to a new branch. Then I
email the branch owner with the list.
Right now I am just pushing a dummy entry onto the end of the list so
my IF condition (if $branch ne $lastBranch) is true at the transition.
I'm sure what Chas mean was this
if ($old_branch ne $new_branch) {
print doing stuff to $new_branch\n;
}
which works fine.
If you prefer you could use a hash, which is the classical way to determine
whether a data item has been seen already. Use a loop like this.
my %branches;
while (my $name = DATA) {
chomp $name;
next if $branches{$name}++;
print doing stuff to $name\n;
}
HTH,
Rob
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using Net::SSH::Expect within a thread fails
Hello,
I'm having problems with the following code. It is supposed to get a
list of IP addresses from the IAD module and then create a few threads
to each log into those devices and make changes in the config. The
only device that is allowed to access the devices I'm configuring is
the 'manage.example.com'. From there, the threads will telnet to the
devices and make whatever changes need to be made.
---start---
#!/usr/local/bin/perl
# be safe, not stupid
use strict;
use warnings;
# include the code to generate the list of IPs
use IAD;
# check to ensure that we're threadable
use Config;
$Config{useithreads} or die('Recompile Perl with threads to run this program.');
# include the thread stuff
use threads;
use Thread::Queue;
use Thread::Semaphore;
# include the ssh stuff
use Net::SSH::Expect;
use Term::ReadPassword;
# get the username/password
my $exe_user = get_exe_user();
my $exe_pass = get_exe_pass();
# set up changes to be made
my $TheChange = get_input();
# set up param list
my @paramlist = ($TheChange, $exe_user, $exe_pass);
my $semaphore = Thread::Semaphore-new(3); # can only make three
connections to the management server at a time
my $DataQueue = Thread::Queue-new();
my $thread1 = threads-create(\threadsub, @paramlist);
my $thread2 = threads-create(\threadsub, @paramlist);
my $thread3 = threads-create(\threadsub, @paramlist);
my $iad = IAD-new();
$DataQueue-enqueue(@{$iad-iads()});# $iad-iads() returns a
reference to a list of IP addresses to manage
$DataQueue-enqueue(DIE, DIE, DIE);
$thread1-join();
$thread2-join();
$thread3-join();
exit;
sub threadsub {
#threads-detach();
my $code = shift;
my $exe_user = shift;
my $exe_pass = shift;
my $threadNumber = threads-tid();
# create the ssh object
my $ssh = Net::SSH::Expect-new (
host = 'manage.example.com',
user = $exe_user,
password = $exe_pass,
raw_pty = 1
);
# login to management server
my $login_output = $ssh-login(); this is line 65
if ($login_output !~ /home]$/) {
die Login has failed. Login output was $login_output;
}
while (my $DataElement = $DataQueue-dequeue()) {
last if ($DataElement eq DIE);
$semaphore-down();
print(Thread $threadNumber got $DataElement\n);
# $ssh-exec(telnet $DataElement, 10);
# print $ssh-exec($code);
# $ssh-exec(exit);
#sleep(1);
$semaphore-up();
}
return;# Thread $threadNumber is dying!\n;
}
sub get_input {
print Please enter commands below (end with a . on a line by
itself)\n;
my $retval = '';
while (defined(my $line = STDIN)) {
last if ($line eq .\n);
$retval .= $line;
}
return $retval;
}
sub get_exe_user {
print Please enter management username: ;
my $user = ;
chomp($user);
return $user;
}
sub get_exe_pass {
# get password from user
my $password = read_password('Password: ');
return $password;
}
---end---
However, When I try connecting, I get the following example output.
This is my first time writing threaded programs, so if I'm doing
anything wrong or inefficiently, please let me know since this program
will make a lot of connections once it's up and running. Thanks for
any help you can provide!
---start-output---
ssh_askpass: exec(/usr/local/bin/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory
Permission denied, please try again.
ssh_askpass: exec(/usr/local/bin/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory
Permission denied, please try again.
ssh_askpass: exec(/usr/local/bin/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory
Permission denied (publickey,password).
ssh_askpass: exec(/usr/local/bin/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory
Permission denied, please try again.
ssh_askpass: exec(/usr/local/bin/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory
Permission denied, please try again.
ssh_askpass: exec(/usr/local/bin/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory
ssh_askpass: exec(/usr/local/bin/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory
Permission denied, please try again.
ssh_askpass: exec(/usr/local/bin/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory
Permission denied, please try again.
ssh_askpass: exec(/usr/local/bin/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory
Permission denied (publickey,password).
Permission denied (publickey,password).
thread failed to start: SSHConnectionAborted at ./test_threads.pl line 65
thread failed to start: SSHConnectionAborted at ./test_threads.pl line 65
thread failed to start: SSHConnectionAborted at ./test_threads.pl line 65
---end-output---
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Re: using algorithm-permute
Sharanbr wrote:
On Oct 19, 6:38 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Sisyphus) wrote:
On Oct 17, 3:04 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Sharan Basappa) wrote:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use Algorithm::Permute;
my @array = (1..4);
Algorithm::Permute::permute { print @array\n } @array;
use warnings;
use strict;
use Algorithm::Permute;
my @array = (1..9);
my $p = new Algorithm::Permute([EMAIL PROTECTED]);
# print out the first 20 permutations of @array,
# assigning each permutation to @new, and
# printing it out:
for(1..20) {
my @new = $p-next;
print @new\n;
}
I have modified the code a little bit to suit my requirements. But
still the code does not seem to work i.e.
the final print of @x does not display any value. However, I change
the code foreach (@array) to for (1..)
the way you have coded, it works fine. My requirement is to put all
the permutations into a new array,
not just (1..20)
I have another basic doubt. After permute is called with @array
argument, does it now contain
new permutations or still (1..4).
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use Algorithm::Permute;
my @array = (1..4);
my $p = new Algorithm::Permute([EMAIL PROTECTED]);
foreach (@array)
{
my @x = $p-next;
print @x \n;
}
You shouldn't pass a real array to the 'new' method as it destroys the array.
It's bad but there it is, and the documentation does show it being called with
an anonymous array.
I'm not sure what you mean by 'put all the permutations into a new array', as
each permutation is held in an array and I'm guessing that you don't know about
arrays of arrays?
The program I've written below stores each permutation as a single string with
spaces between the elements. If you really do want a array of arrays instead of
an array of strings then it's very obvious how to modify it to do that.
HTH,
Rob
use strict;
use warnings;
use Algorithm::Permute;
my $p = Algorithm::Permute-new([1 .. 4]);
my @permutations;
while (my @array = $p-next) {
push @permutations, @array;
}
print $_\n foreach @permutations;
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how do I install perl into thumbdrive
Hi, I move around quite alot. So how do I install perl into my thumbdrive. I did a yahoo search and I found one but too technical == http://www.perlmonks.org/?node=Portable+perl%3A+usb+thumbdrive Thanks
Re: Using a variable in a =~ match??
- Original Message -
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Hi all,
Serious noob here (one week into llama 5th ed.).
I'm trying to write a script to pull a specific file from a directory
and search that file for specific phrases. I am having a problem
searching for the file in the directory. If I type in the actual file
name (line 26) I can find the phrase file.zip (line 30). Obviously,
this will only work once. If I use a variable to search for a file I
get nothing. What is the proper format for line 26?I can't use
File::Find so please don't suggest it. Thx.
#!/usr/bin/perl
2 use strict;
3
4 my $Log_Dir;
5 my $file;
6 my $Date;
7 my $File_Name;
8 my @array;
9 my $file_name;
10
11 $Log_Dir = /var/log/apache/;
12 opendir DH, $Log_Dir or die Cannot open $Log_Dir: $!;
13 while ($file = readdir DH){
14 push(@array, $file);
15 }
16
17 closedir DH;
18
19 $Date = `date --date=yesterday +%Y%m%d-2400-0`;
20 # The file name always starts with file111-11-23.abctyu_X but the
time stamp changes daily (predictable)
21 # Example Filename: file111-11-23.abctyu_X.20081020-2400-0
22 $File_Name = file111-11-23.abctyu_X.$Date;
23 print $Date;
24 foreach $file_name (@array){
25 chomp;
chomp is not needed here. Results of readdir do not end with a newline
26 if ($file_name =~ /$File_Name/){
Or:if ($file_name eq $File_Name)
27 open LOGFILE, $File_Name;
28 while (LOGFILE){
29 #Search log file for the word file.zip
30 if(/file.zip/){
31 print $_\n;
32 }
33 }
34 }
35 }
One thing that probably will cause a problem is 'readdir' returns filenames
and directories without the path.
So, when you want to open your file, (line 27), unless the current directory
of the program file is the same as the file you wish to open, it won't open
it. You need to say like:
open LOGFILE, $Log_Dir$File_Name or die Unable to open $Log_Dir$File_Name
$!;
From the documentation for readdir:
If you're planning to filetest the return values out of a readdir, you'd
better prepend the directory in question. Otherwise, because we didn't chdir
there, it would have been testing the wrong file.
Chris
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Re: Using a variable in a =~ match??
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi all,
Hello,
Serious noob here (one week into llama 5th ed.).
I'm trying to write a script to pull a specific file from a directory
and search that file for specific phrases. I am having a problem
searching for the file in the directory. If I type in the actual file
name (line 26) I can find the phrase file.zip (line 30). Obviously,
this will only work once. If I use a variable to search for a file I
get nothing. What is the proper format for line 26?I can't use
File::Find so please don't suggest it. Thx.
Why can't you use File::Find? And why would you want to use it for this
application?
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
2 use strict;
3
4 my $Log_Dir;
5 my $file;
6 my $Date;
7 my $File_Name;
8 my @array;
9 my $file_name;
Why are you declaring all your variables here?
11 $Log_Dir = /var/log/apache/;
12 opendir DH, $Log_Dir or die Cannot open $Log_Dir: $!;
13 while ($file = readdir DH){
14 push(@array, $file);
15 }
Why the while loop?
my @array = readdir DH;
Why is the array named array?
17 closedir DH;
18
19 $Date = `date --date=yesterday +%Y%m%d-2400-0`;
Assuming today's date is 21 Oct. 2008, $Date will now contain the string
20081020-2400-0\n
perldoc -q How do I find yesterday.s date
20 # The file name always starts with file111-11-23.abctyu_X but the
time stamp changes daily (predictable)
21 # Example Filename: file111-11-23.abctyu_X.20081020-2400-0
It looks like your file name does not have a \n at the end?
22 $File_Name = file111-11-23.abctyu_X.$Date;
23 print $Date;
24 foreach $file_name (@array){
25 chomp;
Why are you chomp()ing $_?
26 if ($file_name =~ /$File_Name/){
Why use a regular expression?
if ( $file_name eq $File_Name ) {
27 open LOGFILE, $File_Name;
You should *always* verify that the file opened correctly.
28 while (LOGFILE){
29 #Search log file for the word file.zip
30 if(/file.zip/){
The . character in a regular expression matches every character (except
newline) so you have to escape it to match a literal . character:
if ( /file\.zip/ ) {
31 print $_\n;
32 }
33 }
34 }
35 }
You are reading all the file names from a directory to find a file that
you already know the name of. You probably want some like this instead:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
my $log_dir = '/var/log/apache';
chomp( my $yesterday = `date --date=yesterday +%Y%m%d` );
my $file_name = $log_dir/file111-11-23.abctyu_X.${yesterday}-2400-0;
open my $LOGFILE, '', $file_name or die Cannot open '$file_name' $!;
while ( $LOGFILE ) {
#Search log file for the word file.zip
print if /file\.zip/;
}
__END__
John
--
Perl isn't a toolbox, but a small machine shop where you
can special-order certain sorts of tools at low cost and
in short order.-- Larry Wall
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Send Mail with attachment
Hi All, I'm using perl module MIME::Lite to sent out email with attachments, may I know what Type should I define to attach any type of files, for instance .jpg, .xls, .doc, .pdf and etc without checking the attached file type. Is there any global variable to define instead of Type = 'application/zip', Type = 'image/gif', Type = application/ xls and etc? $msg-attach ( Type = 'what type should I define without checking the attached file type', Path = '$path', Filename = '$filename', Disposition = 'attachment' ) Please helps. Thanks Regards, Leo. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://learn.perl.org/
Re: two questions on my perl exam.
Thanks for your suggestions and all of them make sense. However, since I am a totally beginner never learned programing, it should take me sometime to understand them clearly. I will also try to get answer from my lecturer, then post here that what I have learned from both questions. Programing is an interesting subject. Thank you again. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] For additional commands, e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://learn.perl.org/
XML::Simple question
while trying to study the article on perlmonks.org,
http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=490846
regarding XML parsing, I need bit of clarfication.
how do I parse out
image src=http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/covers/perlbp.s.gif;
width=145 height=190 /
I tried $book-{image}-{src}... but doesn't work.. I need some
understanding on how these information is stored.
parsing code
use XML::Simple qw(:strict);
my $library = XMLin($filename,
ForceArray = 1,
KeyAttr= {},
);
foreach my $book (@{$library-{book}}) {
print $book-{title}-[0], \n
}
XML file
library
book
titlePerl Best Practices/title
authorDamian Conway/author
isbn0596001738/isbn
pages542/pages
image src=http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/covers/perlbp.s.gif;
width=145 height=190 /
/book
book
titlePerl Cookbook, Second Edition/title
authorTom Christiansen/author
authorNathan Torkington/author
isbn0596003137/isbn
pages964/pages
image src=http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/covers/perlckbk2.s.gi
+f
width=145 height=190 /
/book
book
titleGuitar for Dummies/title
authorMark Phillips/author
authorJohn Chappell/author
isbn076455106X/isbn
pages392/pages
image src=http://media.wiley.com/product_data/coverImage/6X/07
+645510/076455106X.jpg
width=100 height=125 /
/book
/library
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