Re: Default-informatin originate always [7:33729]
Howard, Thanks for the explanation too. However, I still have 2 questions regarding default-information originate command. > If there's more than one default router, you definitely don't want the always keyword. Why? Wouldn't the ASBR still be able to advertise it's default route to other routers? > AFAIK, if the router was default-free, you couldn't use > default-information originate without always, because the router > would never have a local default to meet the ALWAYS condition. In > that case, you'd have to have BGP or a static route specify it, and > redistribute that route into OSPF. If the ASBR was default-free (who hasn't got a default route), wouldn't it be true if you can ONLY use the default-information originate (without the "Always" keyword")? Thanks in advance. Best Regards, Hunt Lee ""Howard C. Berkowitz"" wrote in message [EMAIL PROTECTED]">news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]... > >Regarding this command... > >"Default-information originate [always]" > >this is documented as saying... > >this generates the default route into OSPF even if the path to the default > >route goes down... > >and... > >even when the router has no default route, with the magic keyword "always" > it > >will create a "default route"...pointing to where?? > >Q: What's the point of advertising a route if it is indeed DOWN? Isn't this > >like saying i know that Exit5 is closed but I'm gona keep directing all > >motorists to go to Exit 5 anyway? > > > >Please clarify this for me. > > > >Elmer > > Imagine you have a fairly large OSPF area. If the default route goes > down, all the topological databases have to be updated and > propagated. While if JUST the default route were involved, the > Dijkstra computation will not have to be run, there still will be > bandwidth and processor utilization. > > If there is only one router generating default, and it goes down, the > traffic is going to fail anyway. To take your traffic analogy, > default-information always is indeed like directing the traffic > LEAVING THE AREA to Exit 5, but not otherwise disturbing those cars > that don't care about Exit 5. > > If there's more than one default router, you definitely don't want > the always keyword. > > Now--as far as where it points: "it depends". All it points to is > the router generating default. That router may or may not have a > default route of its own -- it might be a default-free BGP router as > well as an ASBR. It could have a default route of its own that points > somewhere outside the AS or area. > > AFAIK, if the router was default-free, you couldn't use > default-information originate without always, because the router > would never have a local default to meet the ALWAYS condition. In > that case, you'd have to have BGP or a static route specify it, and > redistribute that route into OSPF. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38627&t=33729 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Any changes in the current CCNP exam? [7:38626]
Hai, I am wondering is there any changes on the CCNP exam track or questions like. I have being busy lately and planning to take again the BSCN exam on 29/3/02. Any information is welcome. Thanks Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38626&t=38626 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
off topic: How to switch windows automatically? [7:38625]
Hi.. We have install a big screen on the wall to monitor our network, servers. We have several windows for each monitoring software. Only one Windows can occupy the screen at one time. But we want to switch between windows automatically. Any software or scripts to do it? FYI, we are using windows 2000. Thanks == De informatie opgenomen in dit bericht kan vertrouwelijk zijn en is uitsluitend bestemd voor de geadresseerde. Indien u dit bericht onterecht ontvangt wordt u verzocht de inhoud niet te gebruiken en de afzender direct te informeren door het bericht te retourneren. == The information contained in this message may be confidential and is intended to be exclusively for the addressee. Should you receive this message unintentionally, please do not use the contents herein and notify the sender immediately by return e-mail. == Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38625&t=38625 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Proxy-Arp [7:38624]
I've been reading up on the proxy-arp and have found 2 uses for it. 1. When you don't have a default gateway on a host, and the router sends it's MAC address to the host on an ARP request thereby having the host send the packet for another network to the router which will then forward it on. (Boy was that a run-on sentence or what?) 2. All hosts are configured with one subnet-mask (such as /24) and the router has a smaller subnet mask for each interface (such as /28). Proxy-arp works so that the subnetted network topology is transparent to the hosts. (See Illustration on page 71 of Jeff Doyle's CCIE Volume 1) My questions arise around the 2nd use. First why would anyone want to use such a setup? I was thinking maybe to divide a network while keeping address space, but after pondering that for longer thanI should have realized that wouldn't save any address space after all. If you did use such a setup what problems could arise? For instance let's say a host on one subnet sent a broadcast message to it's subnet, would the router forward it to the other subnet? Maybe I'll sleep on the subject some and do some more research later, but it would be nice to know if there are any real-world examples of this being implmented. Robert Fowler Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38624&t=38624 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: IGP's in ISP [7:38614]
Really should read my own posts before I send them sometimes. I meant to say one of either maximize convergence speed, or minimize convergence time, but really said neither :) At 08:34 PM 3/17/2002 -0500, Peter van Oene wrote: >ISP's typically run one of IS-IS, or OSPF as their IGP's and manage only >link and loopback address space within it. IBGP is always fully meshed, >although most use tools like Route Reflection and Confederations to avoid >the n*(n-1)/2 scaling issues IBGP can present. Synchronization is an >antiquated feature that hasn't been turned on in production ISP's for >years. Most new routing implementations do not even include the >functionality in their BGP code. > >An overall design theory is to keep the IGP as small and efficient as >possible to as to maximize convergence, and to keep everything else in BGP >where rich tools like community based policy can be leveraged fully. > >pete > > >At 05:52 PM 3/17/2002 -0500, Steven A. Ridder wrote: > >Hey guys and gals, > > > >I have never worked in an ISP, so I have no idea how they run. I'm just > >curious, do they run an IGP in addition to IBGP and is it fully > >synchronized? I'm just curious to see how it's done in the real world. > > > >-- > > > >RFC 1149 Compliant. > >Get in my head: > >http://sar.dynu.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38623&t=38614 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Training in Toronto Ontario ? [7:38621]
Someone who had passed their lab a couple of months ago mentioned a training provider in Toronto Ontario Canada. Could you let me know the website of those folks again? Tim Timothy Ouellette EDS - New Business Implementation MS 3B 1075 W. Entrance Drive Auburn Hills, MI 48326 * phone: +01-248-754-7535 * mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] pager: 888-351-4584 www.eds.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38621&t=38621 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: which encap on a POS interface [7:38557]
PPP supports PAP and CHAP for authentication. Cisco HDLC doesn't. Cisco HDLC is extremely simple with few features. Its only real benefit is simplicity. One advantage Cisco HDLC has over PPP is support for AutoInstall on serial interfaces, but I don't think this applies to POS interfaces. Priscilla At 04:21 PM 3/16/02, bergenpeak wrote: >I was somewhat surprised to see a Juniper box support cisco hdlc >encap on a POS interface. Didn't realize that other vendors supported >this standard. Which brings me to my question. > >Is there any unique benefit to the specific encap (PPP, cisco HDLC) >used on a POS interface? Is there some technical or operational >reason to select one encap over the other? Since I don't know what >vendors besides cisco and juniper support cisco-hdlc, assume that both >ends of the POS pipe support cisco hdlc. > > >Thanks Priscilla Oppenheimer http://www.priscilla.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38620&t=38557 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: IGP's in ISP [7:38614]
Well now, wouldn't that be interesting - an ISP that didn't run an IGP Hmmm. In fact, no less an authority than Radia Perlman has touted the merits of a single unified routing protocol that could be used for both intra- and inter-domain routing. For those who don't know who she is, Ms. Perlman is one of the living legends of protocol design. For example, she was the principal designer of spanning-tree and ISIS, and NLSP. She also formulated much of the early work of link-state protocol algorithms that are the basis of OSPF and PNNI. She laments how we have gotten to the status quo of having separate intra and inter-domain protocols. But in answer to your direct question, the answer to your question is that because ISP's must have some way to do their interior routing, that almost always means an IGP is required, although I suppose in theory they could just use static routes, although I have yet to run into one that does that. ISP's often run BGP, but not always - for example, I've worked with some mom+pop ISP's. that don't run BGP. If they do run BGP, it is "no-synced". A new service-provider initiative that is being pushed by Cisco and other vendors is to run BGP only on edge routers and have a BGP-less core that is transited purely by label-switching. A dicey proposition if you ask me, as I would think that providers are loathe to give up the control that BGP offers. ""Steven A. Ridder"" wrote in message [EMAIL PROTECTED]">news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]... > Hey guys and gals, > > I have never worked in an ISP, so I have no idea how they run. I'm just > curious, do they run an IGP in addition to IBGP and is it fully > synchronized? I'm just curious to see how it's done in the real world. > > -- > > RFC 1149 Compliant. > Get in my head: > http://sar.dynu.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38619&t=38614 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: IGP's in ISP [7:38614]
ISP's typically run one of IS-IS, or OSPF as their IGP's and manage only link and loopback address space within it. IBGP is always fully meshed, although most use tools like Route Reflection and Confederations to avoid the n*(n-1)/2 scaling issues IBGP can present. Synchronization is an antiquated feature that hasn't been turned on in production ISP's for years. Most new routing implementations do not even include the functionality in their BGP code. An overall design theory is to keep the IGP as small and efficient as possible to as to maximize convergence, and to keep everything else in BGP where rich tools like community based policy can be leveraged fully. pete At 05:52 PM 3/17/2002 -0500, Steven A. Ridder wrote: >Hey guys and gals, > >I have never worked in an ISP, so I have no idea how they run. I'm just >curious, do they run an IGP in addition to IBGP and is it fully >synchronized? I'm just curious to see how it's done in the real world. > >-- > >RFC 1149 Compliant. >Get in my head: >http://sar.dynu.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38618&t=38614 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Finding a MAC address [7:38560]
There's a tool built into CiscoWorks that will tell you which port a MAC address is connected to. It matches the switch CAM tables to the router ARP tables, so you can search by IP or MAC address. -Mike Mike Smith Network Administrator Information Technology Services Bowling Green State University Email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Phone (419) 372-9510 >I appreciate the help on this question. I think I need to further define my >question. How do you find out which switch a MAC address resides in a large >network environment. I am working with several large colleges/universities >who need to find a student's location in the network. They know the MAC >address or IP, but not the student who owns its. They all have over 2000+ >students and many switches/hubs where these students reside. The typically >have only 1-3 VLANS for students, so its tough to narrow down the location. >Some of them used to run Cabletron equipment and their proprietary VLAN >software called SecureFast. SecureFast maintained a searchable directory >with MAC, network address (IP, IPX, A-talk, Netbios etc.), switch, port, DNS >name etc. It was very easy to find a MAC address within seconds. Now we are >moving to 802.1Q and Cisco switches and are having severe withdraw. There >must be an easy way to insert a MAC or IP address and find it in the CAM >table without a lot of manual effort. > >Thanks again, I appreciate the help!! > >Jeffrey Reed >Classic Networking, Inc. > >-Original Message- >From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]On Behalf Of Larry >Letterman >Sent: Saturday, March 16, 2002 6:35 PM >To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] >Subject: RE: Finding a MAC address [7:38560] > >On the router you can do a 'sh mac-addr-table addr --(mac addr) >and it will show you the interface that the Mac-addr is on. > >On switches you can do a 'show cam xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx and it should give you >the port on the switch where the mac-addr is.. > >This works on our 6500 switches with msfc routing and supervisor cards.. > > >Larry Letterman >Cisco Systems >[EMAIL PROTECTED] > > >-Original Message- >From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]On Behalf Of >Jeffrey Reed >Sent: Saturday, March 16, 2002 2:15 PM >To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] >Subject: Finding a MAC address [7:38560] > > >What utilities are you guys using to find MAC addresses across a large >campus network? If I have an end users IP address, check the routers ARP >for their MAC, whats the easiest way to find out which switch port? > >Thanks!! > >Jeff Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38617&t=38560 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Undocumented iBGP Behavior (Confirmed by Cisco) [7:38616]
That's the correct behavior for BGP in the newer versions of IOS, a iBGP peer will withdraw its route if it learns it's iBGP peer has a better path. The result is you will see iBGP peer with less routes than you would expect (assuming that's what you're referring to below). Brian [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: >Folks, > >I am very interested in the conclusion of this thread, but I do not have the >time to decipher it. Could somebody please summarize. > > >W. Alan Robertson wrote: > >>Well, that's exactly what I'm seeing, but it certainly wasn't what I >>expected. Nor did it appear to be what our TAC engineer expected... >>I'm going to get the case notes in the morning, and I'll share them >>with the list. >> >>Thanks for mocking this up Przemek... Now if you can manage to get >>that config time down to 20 minutes, instead of an hour, you're going >>to kick butt in the Lab. ;) >> >>- Original Message - >>From: "Przemyslaw Karwasiecki" >>To: "W. Alan Robertson" >>Cc: "Peter van Oene" ; "Groupstudy - CCIELAB" >>; "Groupstudy - Cisco Certification" >> >>Sent: Tuesday, February 05, 2002 10:50 PM >>Subject: Re: Undocumented iBGP Behavior (Confirmed by Cisco) >> >>>I have prepended it in the router in AS3. >>> >>>I wanted to simulate longer paths from one of the ASes, >>>like it happens between AS1 and AS 701 in reality. >>> >>>Main point I wanted to prove is that initialy both routers >>>have all routes, but after BGP converged, righ router (r6) >>>selected routes learned via iBPG from r5, and withdrawn >>>routes via AS3 from its advertisments to left router (r5). >>> >>>Przemek >>> >>> >>>On Tue, 2002-02-05 at 22:40, W. Alan Robertson wrote: >>> How are you ending up with a greater number of AS hops for the >>route >> on R6 learned via AS3? >r6#sh ip bgp 10.0.0.0 >BGP routing table entry for 10.0.0.0/8, version 3 >Paths: (2 available, best #2, table Default-IP-Routing-Table) > Advertised to non peer-group peers: > 1.1.34.3 > 3 3 1 > ^^^ | Why does there seem to be an as-prepend here? --Alan >1.1.34.3 from 1.1.34.3 (1.1.34.3) > Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, external > 2 1 >1.1.24.2 from 2.2.2.1 (2.2.2.1) > Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, internal, best > Again, in this case, the iBGP learned route is preferred because >>it is >> only two AS hops away... The externally learned route, from peer 1.1.34.3, shows AS3 twice in the path, making this route 3 AS hops away. - Original Message - From: "Przemyslaw Karwasiecki" To: "W. Alan Robertson" Cc: "Peter van Oene" ; "Groupstudy - CCIELAB" ; "Groupstudy - Cisco Certification" Sent: Tuesday, February 05, 2002 10:15 PM Subject: Re: Undocumented iBGP Behavior (Confirmed by Cisco) >Ok, > >Lab is done. I expected 20 minutes, it tooks 1 hour. >Important lesson about time management learnt :) > >small legend: >r5 and r6 are routers in AS4 > >If anyone care I can send complete configs. > >Przemek > >r5#sh ip bgp summ >BGP router identifier 2.2.2.1, local AS number 4 >BGP table version is 2, main routing table version 2 >1 network entries and 1 paths using 133 bytes of memory >1 BGP path attribute entries using 60 bytes of memory >1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory >0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory >0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory >BGP activity 1/9 prefixes, 2/1 paths, scan interval 60 secs > >NeighborVAS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ > >>Up/Down >> State/PfxRcd >1.1.24.24 2 23 22200 > >>00:18:14 >> 1 >2.2.2.2 4 4 27 26200 > >>00:21:53 >> 0 >r5#sh ip bgp 10.0.0.0 >BGP routing table entry for 10.0.0.0/8, version 2 >Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Default-IP-Routing-Table) > Advertised to non peer-group peers: > 2.2.2.2 > 2 1 >1.1.24.2 from 1.1.24.2 (1.1.1.1) > Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, external, best >r5# >telnet-server#6 >[Resuming connection 6 to r6 ... ] > >r6#sh ip bgp summ >BGP router identifier 2.2.2.2, local AS number 4 >BGP table version is 3, main routing table version 3 >1 network entries and 2 paths using 169 bytes of memory >2 BGP path attribute entries using 120 bytes of memory >2 BGP AS-PATH entries using 48 bytes of memory >0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory >0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory >BGP activity 1/6 prefixes, 2/0 paths, scan interval 60 secs > >NeighborVAS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ > >>Up/Down >> State/PfxRcd >1.1.34.34 3 21 203
IGP's in ISP [7:38614]
Hey guys and gals, I have never worked in an ISP, so I have no idea how they run. I'm just curious, do they run an IGP in addition to IBGP and is it fully synchronized? I'm just curious to see how it's done in the real world. -- RFC 1149 Compliant. Get in my head: http://sar.dynu.com Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38614&t=38614 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Just curiosity...... [7:38596]
multiple choice ""Juan Blanco"" wrote in message [EMAIL PROTECTED]">news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]... > Team, > Without any violation, I have a question...on the written test, do you have > to type in the commands or you will pick them from a list of commands like > in any other Cisco test. > > Thanks, Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38613&t=38596 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: A place where you can test your knowledge about reading RIF [7:38612]
Dennis, Nice way to go...you are the man..People I also recommend Dennis's Book (very good),beside Cisco documentation, cisco web site and the rest you know..(Always go to the source first.CISCO) JB -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]On Behalf Of Dennis Laganiere Sent: Sunday, March 17, 2002 3:55 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: A place where you can test your knowledge about reading RIF [7:38609] I'm putting a site together today to post this and a few other things I've put together. I should have a link for you guys sometime tomorrow. In the mean time, I'm also doing some rewriting of the documents, so you'll have something better to study from if you can hold on for those few days... Thanks... --- Dennis -Original Message- From: QOSMAN [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Sunday, March 17, 2002 12:16 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: A place where you can test your knowledge about reading RIF [7:38608] Juan, The attachment was removed by the server. Can you post a link where we can download it? thanks Juan Blanco wrote: > Team, > On this site you can test your RIF > knowledge. > > http://www.loopy.org/rif.cgi > > I have attached Dennis' RIF paper. It's very good > > [GroupStudy.com removed an attachment of type application/pdf which had a > name of Doing RIFs.pdf] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38612&t=38612 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Firmware Releases: Cisco Compared to Microsoft [7:38454]
www.cisco.com/go/support Select Tool Index Select Software Advisor -Original Message- From: John Nemeth [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Sunday, March 17, 2002 12:24 AM To: Tom Petzold; [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Firmware Releases: Cisco Compared to Microsoft [7:38454] "RE: Firmware Releases: Cisco Compared to Microsoft [7:38454]" (Aug 5, 6:11pm) X-Mailer: Mail User's Shell (7.2.5 10/14/92) To: "Tom Petzold" , [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Firmware Releases: Cisco Compared to Microsoft [7:38454] Cc: On Aug 5, 6:11pm, "Tom Petzold" wrote: } } This was found using the Hardware Software Compatibility Matrix at: } http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/front.x/Support/HWSWmatrix/hwswmatrix.cgi Is there a "go" shortcut for this? }-- End of excerpt from "Tom Petzold" Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38611&t=38454 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Design Best Practices [7:38453]
Mike W., I appreciate your comments. They did indeed have spanning tree problem in the beginning. An older switch won the root bridge election because of its lowest MAC address and was having an issue with its uplink. Once they called me into the problem, we moved Root Bridge to the core of the network on a more robust switch. We used a bridge priority of 1, 2 & 3 for the switches closest to the core. I can appreciate your recommendations on bandwidth vs. switch hops, that was my belief, but I can't figure out why they have so many problems. Because the student's traffic goes about 99% to the Internet, their bandwidth requirements don't amount to much. The Gig links in the network are less than 10% utilized (most around 1%) and the 100M links are about the same. They don't want to pay for a full network audit, but they always lay the blame on the network hardware, even through there's no indication the equipment is mal-functioning. That's why I am going down the garden path on the design of the network as being too deep in switch hops. Again, I appreciate your opinion, it makes sense! Jeffrey Reed Classic Networking, Inc. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]On Behalf Of Michael Williams Sent: Sunday, March 17, 2002 1:09 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Design Best Practices [7:38453] Although I agree that three "Layer 2 hops" is best, as Cisco recommends (core, dist, access), I also can't understand why the scenario you describe above is causing a problem (assuming the spantree roots are set properly, etc. be careful that one of the 1900s isn't the root bridge for a VLAN =) I don't really see the number of Layer 2 hops as being a problem. About the only problem I could see is if one of the switches along the line is getting overloaded with traffic. Given the information you provided, there could be a couple of "weak links". If one assumes the max throughput of a hub is around 4Mbps, then each 1900 would have 4-8 * 4Mbps = 16 - 32Mbps on each 1900. Each 3500 has 8-12 1900s (let's say 10), so each 3500 has 160-320Mbps, no problem. But then Each 5000 has 10-12 3500s (again, let's say 10), which is 1.6-3.2Gbps. This could be a problem for the 5000 and it's 1.2Gbps backplane. That's weak link #1. Also, assuming the 5000 isn't being overloaded, even being generous, the 100Mbps links between the 5000s and 5500s are definitely a weak link. At that point you have the equivalent of roughly 600 (10 3500s * 10 1900s * 6 hubs = 600) 10Mbps hubs trying to jam through a single 100Mbps link. Even if each hub os only using .3Mbps (less than DSL/Cable modem speeds), that's still almost 200Mbps trying to jam through 100Mbps link from the 5000 to the 5500 (assuming most of the traffic is destined for the internet, or a destination being routed by the 6500(r), etc) IMHO, those two "weakness" are 100 times more likely to be causing problems than the number of Layer 2 hops involved, again assuming STP is configured correctly. Once the 5500s uplink into the 6500s, it's virtually impossible for those 5500s to overload the 6500 (and it's default 32Gbps backplane), especially since (according to our Cisco rep) the Gig ports on the 5500 deliver no where near actual 1Gbps performance. So, in a nutshell, IMHO, bandwidth, not the # of layer 2 hops, is more likely causing your problems. Just my 2 cents. =) Mike W. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38610&t=38453 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: A place where you can test your knowledge about reading RIF [7:38609]
I'm putting a site together today to post this and a few other things I've put together. I should have a link for you guys sometime tomorrow. In the mean time, I'm also doing some rewriting of the documents, so you'll have something better to study from if you can hold on for those few days... Thanks... --- Dennis -Original Message- From: QOSMAN [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Sunday, March 17, 2002 12:16 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: A place where you can test your knowledge about reading RIF [7:38608] Juan, The attachment was removed by the server. Can you post a link where we can download it? thanks Juan Blanco wrote: > Team, > On this site you can test your RIF > knowledge. > > http://www.loopy.org/rif.cgi > > I have attached Dennis' RIF paper. It's very good > > [GroupStudy.com removed an attachment of type application/pdf which had a > name of Doing RIFs.pdf] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38609&t=38609 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: A place where you can test your knowledge about reading RIF [7:38608]
Juan, The attachment was removed by the server. Can you post a link where we can download it? thanks Juan Blanco wrote: > Team, > On this site you can test your RIF > knowledge. > > http://www.loopy.org/rif.cgi > > I have attached Dennis' RIF paper. It's very good > > [GroupStudy.com removed an attachment of type application/pdf which had a > name of Doing RIFs.pdf] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38608&t=38608 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Design Best Practices [7:38453]
Although I agree that three "Layer 2 hops" is best, as Cisco recommends (core, dist, access), I also can't understand why the scenario you describe above is causing a problem (assuming the spantree roots are set properly, etc. be careful that one of the 1900s isn't the root bridge for a VLAN =) I don't really see the number of Layer 2 hops as being a problem. About the only problem I could see is if one of the switches along the line is getting overloaded with traffic. Given the information you provided, there could be a couple of "weak links". If one assumes the max throughput of a hub is around 4Mbps, then each 1900 would have 4-8 * 4Mbps = 16 - 32Mbps on each 1900. Each 3500 has 8-12 1900s (let's say 10), so each 3500 has 160-320Mbps, no problem. But then Each 5000 has 10-12 3500s (again, let's say 10), which is 1.6-3.2Gbps. This could be a problem for the 5000 and it's 1.2Gbps backplane. That's weak link #1. Also, assuming the 5000 isn't being overloaded, even being generous, the 100Mbps links between the 5000s and 5500s are definitely a weak link. At that point you have the equivalent of roughly 600 (10 3500s * 10 1900s * 6 hubs = 600) 10Mbps hubs trying to jam through a single 100Mbps link. Even if each hub os only using .3Mbps (less than DSL/Cable modem speeds), that's still almost 200Mbps trying to jam through 100Mbps link from the 5000 to the 5500 (assuming most of the traffic is destined for the internet, or a destination being routed by the 6500(r), etc) IMHO, those two "weakness" are 100 times more likely to be causing problems than the number of Layer 2 hops involved, again assuming STP is configured correctly. Once the 5500s uplink into the 6500s, it's virtually impossible for those 5500s to overload the 6500 (and it's default 32Gbps backplane), especially since (according to our Cisco rep) the Gig ports on the 5500 deliver no where near actual 1Gbps performance. So, in a nutshell, IMHO, bandwidth, not the # of layer 2 hops, is more likely causing your problems. Just my 2 cents. =) Mike W. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38607&t=38453 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: CCNP Foundations Exam [7:38484]
I took the foundation paper and trust me... it's no fun. The foundation exam is almost similiar to the individual exams except that the pressure is greater... I took the foundation exam and while it certainly is a faster way of clearing the certification, I don't really enjoyed the experience. Too stressful. The paper is divided into three sections which will typically have 50 to 60 questions each. And you would need to pass all three sections before you are considered to have passed the paper. This would also mean that as there are less questions in each section, each question will carry a bigger weightage. This can work both ways... get it right and your scores goes up higher, get it wrong and it also drops more. ""Larry Youngquist"" wrote in message [EMAIL PROTECTED]">news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]... > I recently completed my first step and got my CCNA.I've got quite a bit > of experience, but had never ventured down the Cisco certification track > before. I'm curious if there are any opinions about taking the combined > Foundations exam or taking the individual exams for routing, switching and > remote access. > > The obvious advantages of less time and less money are appealing, but I'm > concerned that the large amount of information and topics could be > overwhelming. > > Anyone that has taken the Foundations wished they would've taken the exams > one at a time? > > Or, anyone that took the three individually, think that the combined test > would've been the better approach? > > My ultimate goal is not as a CCIE, but a CSS1. Any opinions would be > appreciated. > > Regards, > > Larry Youngquist > CISSP, CCNA, MCSE Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38606&t=38484 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: UDP helper under IPX roung [7:38534]
Of course not. AFAIK, you can't configure an IP Helper without having IP addresses/routing configured. How else is the Helper going to relay the DHCP request if IP isn't configured. Basically, you will need IP routing enabled on all of the routers so that the router, say R1, knows routes to R2/R3, and an IP address on the ethernet interface that you want to enable the IP Helper. Mike W. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38605&t=38534 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Finding a MAC address [7:38560]
I agree with the previous poster. If you know the router acting as the gateway for the IP, start there and go step by step. It sounds like a hassle, but I can assure you that usually users are usually no more than a few layer 2 hops away from their gateway router. Shouldn't take more than a minute to pinpoint an exact switchport given the MAC (or IP). I do this all the time, and it's a piece of cake. Mike W. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38604&t=38560 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Undocumented iBGP Behavior (Confirmed by Cisco) [7:38600]
And you figured that someone would have the time to decipher or summarize for you ? wrote in message [EMAIL PROTECTED]">news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]... > Folks, > > I am very interested in the conclusion of this thread, but I do not have the > time to decipher it. Could somebody please summarize. > > > W. Alan Robertson wrote: > > > Well, that's exactly what I'm seeing, but it certainly wasn't what I > > expected. Nor did it appear to be what our TAC engineer expected... > > I'm going to get the case notes in the morning, and I'll share them > > with the list. > > > > Thanks for mocking this up Przemek... Now if you can manage to get > > that config time down to 20 minutes, instead of an hour, you're going > > to kick butt in the Lab. ;) > > > > - Original Message - > > From: "Przemyslaw Karwasiecki" > > To: "W. Alan Robertson" > > Cc: "Peter van Oene" ; "Groupstudy - CCIELAB" > > ; "Groupstudy - Cisco Certification" > > > > Sent: Tuesday, February 05, 2002 10:50 PM > > Subject: Re: Undocumented iBGP Behavior (Confirmed by Cisco) > > > > > I have prepended it in the router in AS3. > > > > > > I wanted to simulate longer paths from one of the ASes, > > > like it happens between AS1 and AS 701 in reality. > > > > > > Main point I wanted to prove is that initialy both routers > > > have all routes, but after BGP converged, righ router (r6) > > > selected routes learned via iBPG from r5, and withdrawn > > > routes via AS3 from its advertisments to left router (r5). > > > > > > Przemek > > > > > > > > > On Tue, 2002-02-05 at 22:40, W. Alan Robertson wrote: > > > > How are you ending up with a greater number of AS hops for the > > route > > > > on R6 learned via AS3? > > > > > > > > > r6#sh ip bgp 10.0.0.0 > > > > > BGP routing table entry for 10.0.0.0/8, version 3 > > > > > Paths: (2 available, best #2, table Default-IP-Routing-Table) > > > > > Advertised to non peer-group peers: > > > > > 1.1.34.3 > > > > > 3 3 1 > > > > ^^^ > > > > | Why does there seem to be an as-prepend here? --Alan > > > > > > > > > 1.1.34.3 from 1.1.34.3 (1.1.34.3) > > > > > Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, external > > > > > 2 1 > > > > > 1.1.24.2 from 2.2.2.1 (2.2.2.1) > > > > > Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, internal, best > > > > > > > > Again, in this case, the iBGP learned route is preferred because > > it is > > > > only two AS hops away... The externally learned route, from peer > > > > 1.1.34.3, shows AS3 twice in the path, making this route 3 AS hops > > > > away. > > > > > > > > > > > > - Original Message - > > > > From: "Przemyslaw Karwasiecki" > > > > To: "W. Alan Robertson" > > > > Cc: "Peter van Oene" ; "Groupstudy - CCIELAB" > > > > ; "Groupstudy - Cisco Certification" > > > > > > > > Sent: Tuesday, February 05, 2002 10:15 PM > > > > Subject: Re: Undocumented iBGP Behavior (Confirmed by Cisco) > > > > > > > > > > > > > Ok, > > > > > > > > > > Lab is done. I expected 20 minutes, it tooks 1 hour. > > > > > Important lesson about time management learnt :) > > > > > > > > > > small legend: > > > > > r5 and r6 are routers in AS4 > > > > > > > > > > If anyone care I can send complete configs. > > > > > > > > > > Przemek > > > > > > > > > > r5#sh ip bgp summ > > > > > BGP router identifier 2.2.2.1, local AS number 4 > > > > > BGP table version is 2, main routing table version 2 > > > > > 1 network entries and 1 paths using 133 bytes of memory > > > > > 1 BGP path attribute entries using 60 bytes of memory > > > > > 1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory > > > > > 0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory > > > > > 0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory > > > > > BGP activity 1/9 prefixes, 2/1 paths, scan interval 60 secs > > > > > > > > > > NeighborVAS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ > > Up/Down > > > > State/PfxRcd > > > > > 1.1.24.24 2 23 22200 > > 00:18:14 > > > > 1 > > > > > 2.2.2.2 4 4 27 26200 > > 00:21:53 > > > > 0 > > > > > r5#sh ip bgp 10.0.0.0 > > > > > BGP routing table entry for 10.0.0.0/8, version 2 > > > > > Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Default-IP-Routing-Table) > > > > > Advertised to non peer-group peers: > > > > > 2.2.2.2 > > > > > 2 1 > > > > > 1.1.24.2 from 1.1.24.2 (1.1.1.1) > > > > > Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, external, best > > > > > r5# > > > > > telnet-server#6 > > > > > [Resuming connection 6 to r6 ... ] > > > > > > > > > > r6#sh ip bgp summ > > > > > BGP router identifier 2.2.2.2, local AS number 4 > > > > > BGP table version is 3, main routing table version 3 > > > > > 1 network entries and 2 paths using 169 bytes of memory > > > > > 2 BGP path attribute entries using 120 bytes of memory > > > > > 2 BGP AS-PATH entries using 48 bytes of memory > > > > > 0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory > > > > > 0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory > > > > > BGP a
re: Passed the MPLS Exam [7:38556]
Most MPLS is implemented with shim headers (IE not filling VPI/VCI) space. You should be able to learn all you want about mpls without ATM. Pete At 12:59 AM 3/17/2002 -0500, Tom Scott wrote: >Reinhold, > >What did you use for the lab? I'd like to practice with MPLS but it >appears that I'd need ATM. Or did you use FR, and if so, were you still >able to do enough exercises to understand how MPLS would work over ATM? > >-- TT > > Original Message >Subject: Passed the MPLS Exam [7:38556] >Date: Sat, 16 Mar 2002 16:18:22 -0500 >From: "Fischer Reinhold" >Reply-To: "Fischer Reinhold" >To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > >Hi all, > >i passed the MPLS Exam toward the CCIP/MPLS Certification last >friday and want to share my experiencei with you: >[snip] >and built a small MPLS/VPN in my lab. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38602&t=38556 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Finding a MAC address [7:38560]
I appreciate the help on this question. I think I need to further define my question. How do you find out which switch a MAC address resides in a large network environment. I am working with several large colleges/universities who need to find a student's location in the network. They know the MAC address or IP, but not the student who owns its. They all have over 2000+ students and many switches/hubs where these students reside. The typically have only 1-3 VLANS for students, so its tough to narrow down the location. Some of them used to run Cabletron equipment and their proprietary VLAN software called SecureFast. SecureFast maintained a searchable directory with MAC, network address (IP, IPX, A-talk, Netbios etc.), switch, port, DNS name etc. It was very easy to find a MAC address within seconds. Now we are moving to 802.1Q and Cisco switches and are having severe withdraw. There must be an easy way to insert a MAC or IP address and find it in the CAM table without a lot of manual effort. Thanks again, I appreciate the help!! Jeffrey Reed Classic Networking, Inc. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]On Behalf Of Larry Letterman Sent: Saturday, March 16, 2002 6:35 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Finding a MAC address [7:38560] On the router you can do a 'sh mac-addr-table addr --(mac addr) and it will show you the interface that the Mac-addr is on. On switches you can do a 'show cam xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx and it should give you the port on the switch where the mac-addr is.. This works on our 6500 switches with msfc routing and supervisor cards.. Larry Letterman Cisco Systems [EMAIL PROTECTED] -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]On Behalf Of Jeffrey Reed Sent: Saturday, March 16, 2002 2:15 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Finding a MAC address [7:38560] What utilities are you guys using to find MAC addresses across a large campus network? If I have an end users IP address, check the routers ARP for their MAC, whats the easiest way to find out which switch port? Thanks!! Jeff Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38601&t=38560 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Undocumented iBGP Behavior (Confirmed by Cisco) [7:38600]
Folks, I am very interested in the conclusion of this thread, but I do not have the time to decipher it. Could somebody please summarize. W. Alan Robertson wrote: > Well, that's exactly what I'm seeing, but it certainly wasn't what I > expected. Nor did it appear to be what our TAC engineer expected... > I'm going to get the case notes in the morning, and I'll share them > with the list. > > Thanks for mocking this up Przemek... Now if you can manage to get > that config time down to 20 minutes, instead of an hour, you're going > to kick butt in the Lab. ;) > > - Original Message - > From: "Przemyslaw Karwasiecki" > To: "W. Alan Robertson" > Cc: "Peter van Oene" ; "Groupstudy - CCIELAB" > ; "Groupstudy - Cisco Certification" > > Sent: Tuesday, February 05, 2002 10:50 PM > Subject: Re: Undocumented iBGP Behavior (Confirmed by Cisco) > > > I have prepended it in the router in AS3. > > > > I wanted to simulate longer paths from one of the ASes, > > like it happens between AS1 and AS 701 in reality. > > > > Main point I wanted to prove is that initialy both routers > > have all routes, but after BGP converged, righ router (r6) > > selected routes learned via iBPG from r5, and withdrawn > > routes via AS3 from its advertisments to left router (r5). > > > > Przemek > > > > > > On Tue, 2002-02-05 at 22:40, W. Alan Robertson wrote: > > > How are you ending up with a greater number of AS hops for the > route > > > on R6 learned via AS3? > > > > > > > r6#sh ip bgp 10.0.0.0 > > > > BGP routing table entry for 10.0.0.0/8, version 3 > > > > Paths: (2 available, best #2, table Default-IP-Routing-Table) > > > > Advertised to non peer-group peers: > > > > 1.1.34.3 > > > > 3 3 1 > > > ^^^ > > > | Why does there seem to be an as-prepend here? --Alan > > > > > > > 1.1.34.3 from 1.1.34.3 (1.1.34.3) > > > > Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, external > > > > 2 1 > > > > 1.1.24.2 from 2.2.2.1 (2.2.2.1) > > > > Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, internal, best > > > > > > Again, in this case, the iBGP learned route is preferred because > it is > > > only two AS hops away... The externally learned route, from peer > > > 1.1.34.3, shows AS3 twice in the path, making this route 3 AS hops > > > away. > > > > > > > > > - Original Message - > > > From: "Przemyslaw Karwasiecki" > > > To: "W. Alan Robertson" > > > Cc: "Peter van Oene" ; "Groupstudy - CCIELAB" > > > ; "Groupstudy - Cisco Certification" > > > > > > Sent: Tuesday, February 05, 2002 10:15 PM > > > Subject: Re: Undocumented iBGP Behavior (Confirmed by Cisco) > > > > > > > > > > Ok, > > > > > > > > Lab is done. I expected 20 minutes, it tooks 1 hour. > > > > Important lesson about time management learnt :) > > > > > > > > small legend: > > > > r5 and r6 are routers in AS4 > > > > > > > > If anyone care I can send complete configs. > > > > > > > > Przemek > > > > > > > > r5#sh ip bgp summ > > > > BGP router identifier 2.2.2.1, local AS number 4 > > > > BGP table version is 2, main routing table version 2 > > > > 1 network entries and 1 paths using 133 bytes of memory > > > > 1 BGP path attribute entries using 60 bytes of memory > > > > 1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory > > > > 0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory > > > > 0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory > > > > BGP activity 1/9 prefixes, 2/1 paths, scan interval 60 secs > > > > > > > > NeighborVAS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ > Up/Down > > > State/PfxRcd > > > > 1.1.24.24 2 23 22200 > 00:18:14 > > > 1 > > > > 2.2.2.2 4 4 27 26200 > 00:21:53 > > > 0 > > > > r5#sh ip bgp 10.0.0.0 > > > > BGP routing table entry for 10.0.0.0/8, version 2 > > > > Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Default-IP-Routing-Table) > > > > Advertised to non peer-group peers: > > > > 2.2.2.2 > > > > 2 1 > > > > 1.1.24.2 from 1.1.24.2 (1.1.1.1) > > > > Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, external, best > > > > r5# > > > > telnet-server#6 > > > > [Resuming connection 6 to r6 ... ] > > > > > > > > r6#sh ip bgp summ > > > > BGP router identifier 2.2.2.2, local AS number 4 > > > > BGP table version is 3, main routing table version 3 > > > > 1 network entries and 2 paths using 169 bytes of memory > > > > 2 BGP path attribute entries using 120 bytes of memory > > > > 2 BGP AS-PATH entries using 48 bytes of memory > > > > 0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory > > > > 0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory > > > > BGP activity 1/6 prefixes, 2/0 paths, scan interval 60 secs > > > > > > > > NeighborVAS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ > Up/Down > > > State/PfxRcd > > > > 1.1.34.34 3 21 20300 > 00:15:20 > > > 1 > > > > 2.2.2.1 4 4 27 28300 > 00:22:13 > > > 1 > > > > r6#sh ip bgp 10.0.0.0 > > > > BGP routing table entry fo
Re: Latency in Telnet, intervlan routing [7:38187]
It may seem obvious but double check the subnet masks on the servers. - Original Message - From: "Mason" To: Sent: Friday, March 15, 2002 12:17 AM Subject: Re: Latency in Telnet, intervlan routing [7:38187] > Ok, so here is the status: > Sniffer traces show that the latency occurs when I do telnet (regardless > using IP or Netbios name) to three specific Unix servers. > If I do telnet to another device on the same subnet, I have no problems. > That eliminates any routing issues, correct ? But what the three servers, > independent of each others have in common... can't understand that one. > > > > > ""Mason"" wrote in message > [EMAIL PROTECTED]">news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]... > > I do Telnet from a client on VLAN1 and I reach the server just > > fine. VLAN1 is where the server is also connected to. > > I do Telnet from any other VLAN: Telnet takes a long time, then it times > > out. > > > > That tells me it is something in the InterVLAN routing. What would be the > > next step to troubleshoot the problem ? I look into the Cat 5000 > > configuration but I can't see any relevant changes that caused the > problem. > > If I use a Sniffer, I noticed a delta time larger for the Telnet. However, > I > > don't see any brodcast that could such delay. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38599&t=38187 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
where to post CCIP queries [7:38598]
Regarding the above URL, it specifies: "Certifications: Cisco's CCNP & CCDP, and those studying for the CCIE Lab Written Exam." Does that include CCIP even though it's not listed? If not, where should we post the CCIP threads? Cheers, -- TT Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38598&t=38598 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Is it possible, ATM single mode fiber IR to LR connection? [7:38597]
"Magdy H. Ibrahim" wrote: > I am trying to connect my Cisco Router Cisco 3661 Router with ATM Interface > Single mode Intermediate REACH to ISP router 7513 with ATM Interface Single > mode LONG REACH via direct Fiber cable between the two sites ( Distance 1.5 > Km) > > Is this possible ? OR Should I have the two router with the same interface > type IR or LR ?? Nope, should work in principle. You might need a few dB attenuation added to avoid overloading the receivers, though. Assuming your path is a single fiber (Two connectors, no splices) your path loss is roughly 3.5 dB. The transmitter power of the SMI interface is -15 dBm, and with the max receive power of the SML receiver being -10 dBm, you're 1.5 dB short. Same with the SML TX; that's -5 dBm (or more), and the SMI receiver may not be able to handle a -8.5 dBm receive power. You'll have to experiment a bit with that. Regards, Marco. Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38597&t=38597 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Just curiosity...... [7:38596]
Team, Without any violation, I have a question...on the written test, do you have to type in the commands or you will pick them from a list of commands like in any other Cisco test. Thanks, Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38596&t=38596 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Passed the MPLS Exam [7:38556]
Fischer,
That sounds like something my friends and I could handle here, namely, doing
the MPLS
frame-mode exercises on the FR devices.
Taking the next step to ATM cell-mode MPLS, I wonder if you or anyone else
on the list
might know if there's an inexpensive way to emulate an ATM switch. We can
emulate FR
switches using low-end routers (2600's) and the "frame-relay route interface
" command. Translating that to ATM with my personal low-budget
resources would require an affordable ATM card or module for the 2600
routers or
possibly an ATM DSU (ADSU) external to the router. It also assumes that the
2600 IOS
would support ATM switch emulation as it does FR switch emulation. Maybe
that's an
unrealistic assumption. I'd appreciate references if anyone knows.
Reference: I'm getting some of this from chapters 7-9 of Galina Pildush's
"Cisco ATM
Solutions". She discusses AIPs, PAs, NMPs and ADSUs.
I hope everyone understands that I'm not trying to reinvent ATM here. My
purpose is not
to specify a low-budget ATM production network that will replace LS 1010
clouds but to
explore whether cash-challenged students such as myself can set up an
affordable,
low-budget ATM lab in the local Cisco Academy or in the personal labs we
have in our
basements.
Cheers,
-- TT
Fischer Reinhold wrote:
> Tom,
>
> i have only practiced MPLS in Frame Mode. 1x4500, 1x4700, 1x3600 as the
> Provider Backbone, and 4 small routers as CE devices. 2 Backbone routers
> ('PE') should also do the job but with a third as a pure 'P' router it gets
> more realistic (no BGP needed on the P router, is not aware of customer
> networks, does only label switching from ingress to egress for customer
> data. I just studied the information in the book regarding cell mode MPLS.
> Frame Relay would not help because it behaves like Frame Mode MPLS. For
> practicing CellMode MPLS you would need MPLS aware ATM switches which was
no
> option for me ...
>
> hth
>
> Reinhold
>
> Tom Scott wrote:
> >
> > Reinhold,
> >
> > What did you use for the lab? I'd like to practice with MPLS
> > but it
> > appears that I'd need ATM. Or did you use FR, and if so, were
> > you still
> > able to do enough exercises to understand how MPLS would work
> > over ATM?
Message Posted at:
http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38595&t=38556
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A place where you can test your knowledge about reading RIF [7:38594]
Team, On this site you can test your RIF knowledge. http://www.loopy.org/rif.cgi I have attached Dennis' RIF paper. It's very good [GroupStudy.com removed an attachment of type application/pdf which had a name of Doing RIFs.pdf] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38594&t=38594 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Is it possible, ATM single mode fiber IR to LR connection? [7:38593]
I am trying to connect my Cisco Router Cisco 3661 Router with ATM Interface Single mode Intermediate REACH to ISP router 7513 with ATM Interface Single mode LONG REACH via direct Fiber cable between the two sites ( Distance 1.5 Km ) Is this possible ? OR Should I have the two router with the same interface type IR or LR ?? Please help us Thanks Magdy Hossein Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38593&t=38593 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Problem with RIF [7:38569]
Team, Thanks to all your response, Dennis Laganiere's paper made everything clear to me, my mistake(I was not counting the bytes for RC). There is not newsgroup like this one,... 5 * for this newsgroup JB -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]On Behalf Of Dennis Laganiere Sent: Saturday, March 16, 2002 7:58 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: Problem with RIF [7:38569] Convert the length to decimal (0x11000 = 24, and 0x00110 = 6). Count the number of bytes the RIF is (hint - each hex character is one byte, so there are two bytes for the RC, and two more for each RD). Since the first problem has a length of 24 bytes defined, but an actual length of 8 bytes, it's invalid.. Since the second problem has a length of 6 bytes defined, but an actual length of 8 bytes, it's invalid too... Attached is a document I put together some time ago to help people with RIFs, hopefully you will find it useful. Group members won't get the attachment, but I'll try and post it on a web site for you to download later tonight... Thanks all... --- Dennis Laganiere Author of Boson CCIE Written #3 and the NLI study guide for the CCIE Written -Original Message- From: Juan Blanco [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Saturday, March 16, 2002 3:55 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Problem with RIF [7:38569] Team, The following RIF are invalid because the length specified in the RIF differs from the actual length of the RIF. Can someone explain... example 1 RIF d820.0123.0321.0050 TYPERIF LENGTH DIRECTION FRAME LENGHT NOT USED 110 11000 0 010 How do you know that the rif length is different from the actual length of the RIF (what are we counting here) example 2 RIF 0630.0011.0191.0030 TYPERIF LENGTH DIRECTION FRAME LENGHT NOT USED 000 00110 0 011 How do you know that the rif length different from the actual lengthf the RIF (what are we counting here) Thanks, JB [GroupStudy.com removed an attachment of type application/octet-stream which had a name of Doing RIFs.pdf] Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38592&t=38569 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
re: Passed the MPLS Exam [7:38556]
Tom,
i have only practiced MPLS in Frame Mode. 1x4500, 1x4700, 1x3600 as the
Provider Backbone, and 4 small routers as CE devices. 2 Backbone routers
('PE') should also do the job but with a third as a pure 'P' router it gets
more realistic (no BGP needed on the P router, is not aware of customer
networks, does only label switching from ingress to egress for customer
data. I just studied the information in the book regarding cell mode MPLS.
Frame Relay would not help because it behaves like Frame Mode MPLS. For
practicing CellMode MPLS you would need MPLS aware ATM switches which was no
option for me ...
hth
Reinhold
Tom Scott wrote:
>
> Reinhold,
>
> What did you use for the lab? I'd like to practice with MPLS
> but it
> appears that I'd need ATM. Or did you use FR, and if so, were
> you still
> able to do enough exercises to understand how MPLS would work
> over ATM?
>
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Re: OT: 3700 Series (3600 successor?) [7:38588]
On Aug 6, 10:14pm, "O Diogenes" wrote: } } For those who have used them -- anyone care to comment on the new 3700 } series, e.g., ability to comfortably handle gig traffic, vpn throughput, } etc? Will the 3600 series, sans 3631, go EOL soon? Personally, I don't think there is any reason for the 3620 to exist any more. Consider that the 2650 has better specs and costs less then a 3620 plus ethernet module (the 2650 has 10/100 ethernet built-in, so you don't waste a slot and you get 100M ethernet). }-- End of excerpt from "O Diogenes" Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38590&t=38588 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: OT: Change primary ISP from PacBell to Qwest [7:38589]
Howard, Would you provide me more details about the cutover info or point me to those sources? We have Cisco LDIR 416, I think I should config the border routers and LDIRs to accept both new and old IP addresses. Thanks a lot After my own search and all of your help, I come up a more complete plan to Switch primary ISP from PacBell to Qwest. Here is my new plan: Using Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), our own Autonomous System (AS) and ISP independent Class C IP Addresses. Benefits: . True redundancy to multi-home connect to two different ISP providers, both of these connections are active at the same time (not backup). Any one provider may have huge problems at any time. . Load Sharing with BGP. (not load balancing) . A lot easier to change from one ISP to another ISP in the future. . Lower tariffs at particular times of the day or night. . Scalable and Stable. Requirement: . Apply for our own ASN Autonomous System (AS) Number from AmericanRegistry fro Internet Numbers. (RFC 1930) $500 setup fee and $30 annual fee. . Apply for our own blocks of IP addresses (Class C) from Internet Register Authorize IETF. $2500 setup fee and $30 annual maintenance fee. . Register Maintainer Object, AS Object and Route Object with RADB $250 annual fee. . Configure BGP protocol on both Border 7204 routers. . BGP Peering with Qwest and PacBell, according to their BGP Peering Policies. . Change Web Servers and SMTP Servers to our own block of IP addresses. (Have the routers respond to both old and new addresses ranges and NAT to the current address, no down time when cutover.) Optional . Change the Primary or secondary DNS from PacBell to Qwest. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] On Behalf Of Howard C. Berkowitz Sent: Friday, March 15, 2002 6:04 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: OT: Change primary ISP from PacBell to Quest >Thank you for all the input. > >If our company applies for a block of class C IP >address, how can we won't have any down time on the >Web servers and SMTP servers when we switch current IP >addresses to the new class C IP address. After we >change the IP addresses in the DNS server, the change >will take up to 24 hours or even more. > >thank you The only way to avoid downtime is not to switch all at once, but give the server dual addresses if they support them, or have the router respond to both address ranges and NAT to the current address. Typically, you want to do this for at least 5 days and often considerably more. Perhaps a week or two before the cutover, set the TTL in your DNS to minimum values, in order to encourage caches getting cleared of the old address. You will almost certainly have some partial downtime due to hosts that don't refresh their DNS in time. It will get much worse if any HTML applications, for example, use hard-code addresses. It's not a perfect world. Given these questions involve DNS, servers, and other things not on the lab, I suggest the discussion continue on the general list. I've copied both. > >--- "Howard C. Berkowitz" wrote: >> At 8:05 PM + 3/15/02, Brian Lodwick wrote: >> >We had a customer that was on our old old network. >> This network had >> >a different AS and addressing. This customer wanted >> to move to a >> >newer solution we offered, but wanted to keep the >> existing >> >addressing structure. This wasn't much an issue, >> because accoring to >> >our policy we were allowed to advertise any >> customer net above a >> >/24, and they had a /22. The old network advertised >> an aggregate so >> >this more specific range was preferred and the >> transition worked. >> >The reason I went into this whole schpeal is that >> like you said if >> >you get addressing space from one of the providers, >> and you get >> >approval to advertise that range out of the other >> provider as well, >> >you will have sort of a primary / secondary >> solution and will not be >> >able to achieve load sharing. >> >> Untrue. Now, both providers MUST agree to it. Let's >> say there is a >> /24 from provider A's space, which comes out of >> their /16. Provider >> B certainly can advertise the /24, although it >> wouldn't be done in >> usual practice without agreement with A. >> >> Now, the subtle point. Once provider A agrees to let >> provider B >> advertise the more-specific, provider A _must_ >> advertise both the /16 >> _and_ a /24 for each multihomed customer. >> Otherwise, as you suggest, >> all traffic would take the more-specific advertised >> by provider B. >> >> >Reason being is the provider you get your >> addressing space from will >> >most likely be advertising to the NAP an aggregate >> so the other one >> >that allows you to advertise the /24 will always be >> preferred over >>
OT: 3700 Series (3600 successor?) [7:38588]
For those who have used them -- anyone care to comment on the new 3700 series, e.g., ability to comfortably handle gig traffic, vpn throughput, etc? Will the 3600 series, sans 3631, go EOL soon? Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=38588&t=38588 -- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
