Re: Debian question
On Fri, Mar 12, 2021, 11:27 AM jacky cheung wrote: > Hi, > > I am new to debian and trying to learn about its operating system. > > I am trying to learn how processor management techniques utilized and its > functions, quantum, interrupts and multiprocessor. I am confused and trying > to find particular resources related to these topics. What are the best > resources or communities that could help me find and research more about > these? please advise. > > First search "what Debian is?" > It's a software distribution for Gnu/linux and others Processor management, interrupts, SMP scheduling are handled by the kernels like linux kernel So if you want to research about them try searching for Linux internals, smp, scheduling, etc... >
Re: How i can optimize my operating system?
On 12-03-2021 16:59, deloptes wrote: > Felix Miata wrote: > >> Several months ago FB turned nearly useless with sloth. I have a sense >> what happened is it started screening everything for potential to censor. >> I can type nearly a sentence before any characters appear on screen. >> Anything serious I wish to post has to be composed elsewhere and pasted >> in, then wait and wait and wait for ack. > > I have a simple solution to that. I never had or will ever have a facebook > or whatever SM account. > It is just a waste of time. The debian user list (and some others are much > better) +1. I have never had a Facebook account and never will. The only time I come across the interface is by accident when running round the web. There are far better, more constructive things to do in life. Cheers! Harry -- `The World is not dangerous because of those who do harm but because of those who look on without doing anything'. -- Albert Einstein
Re: How i can optimize my operating system?
Felix Miata wrote: > Several months ago FB turned nearly useless with sloth. I have a sense > what happened is it started screening everything for potential to censor. > I can type nearly a sentence before any characters appear on screen. > Anything serious I wish to post has to be composed elsewhere and pasted > in, then wait and wait and wait for ack. I have a simple solution to that. I never had or will ever have a facebook or whatever SM account. It is just a waste of time. The debian user list (and some others are much better)
Re: How to make btrfs forget a disk?
Victor Sudakov wrote: > "wipefs -t btrfs -f -a /dev/nvme1n1" did the job. > > Still wondering where those labels are stored on disk in Linux. > FS Superblock? > In FreeBSD, GEOM(4) usually keeps such stuff in the last sector of a > volume/device. I think it depends on the FS not on the OS. if search engines are not working where you live, I think this is a good howto (just found it among the top 10hits in duckduckgo) https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-use-wipefs-to-wipe-a-signature-from-disk-on-linux/
Re: What does "Control: reassign -1 libaqbanking44" mean?
On 2021-03-12 02:13 -0400, Tony Rowe wrote: > On Fri, Mar 12, 2021 at 12:36:59PM +0900, 황병희 wrote: >> Hi i am translator Debain webpage in Korean. >> >> At bug mailing, >> some user wrote in body of message [1] as below: >> >> #+begin_src text >> Control: reassign -1 libaqbanking44 >> #+end_src >> >> In particular, i am curious the digit "-1". >> For long time i was thinking about that the "-1". >> >> Is that "subtraction"? or another meaning? >> >> Oh please really my head is stiff.. >> >> Sincerely, Byung-Hee >> >> [1] https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=984980 >> >> -- >> ^고맙습니다 _地平天成_ 감사합니다_^))// > > Hi Byung-Hee, > > "-1" refers to making "one clone" of the bug report and is issued to > the control server, usually by the packager of the package (as I > understand it). [1] No, in this context it means "the bug you are replying to". https://www.debian.org/Bugs/Reporting.html#control Cheers, Sven
Re: How i can optimize my operating system?
I get the following result: __ cpu: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4500U CPU @ 1.80GHz, 800 MHz Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4500U CPU @ 1.80GHz, 800 MHz Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4500U CPU @ 1.80GHz, 800 MHz Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4500U CPU @ 1.80GHz, 800 MHz keyboard: /dev/input/event7Logitech Unifying Receiver /dev/input/event0AT Translated Set 2 keyboard mouse: /dev/input/mice Logitech Unifying Receiver /dev/input/mice SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad monitor: J7P58 HB14300 LCD Monitor graphics card: Intel Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller sound: Intel 8 Series HD Audio Controller Intel Haswell-ULT HD Audio Controller storage: Intel 8 Series SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] network: enp7s0 Realtek RTL810xE PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller wlp6s0 Qualcomm Atheros QCA9565 / AR9565 Wireless Network Adapter network interface: enp7s0 Ethernet network interface wlp6s0 Ethernet network interface lo Loopback network interface disk: /dev/sda Hitachi HTS54252 partition: /dev/sda1Partition /dev/sda2Partition /dev/sda5Partition /dev/sda6Partition /dev/sda7Partition /dev/sda8Partition cdrom: /dev/sr0 MATSHITA DVD+-RW UJ8E2 usb controller: Intel 8 Series USB EHCI #1 bios: BIOS bridge: Intel 8 Series PCI Express Root Port 1 Intel 8 Series LPC Controller Intel 8 Series PCI Express Root Port 4 Intel Haswell-ULT DRAM Controller Intel 8 Series PCI Express Root Port 3 hub: Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Intel Hub memory: Main Memory bluetooth: Qualcomm Atheros Bluetooth Device unknown: FPU DMA controller PIC Keyboard controller PS/2 Controller Intel 8 Series HECI #0 Intel 8 Series SMBus Controller /dev/input/event19 Suyin Laptop_Integrated_Webcam_HD ___ top - 23:49:37 up 3:23, 1 user, load average: 2.90, 1.48, 0.95 Tasks: 222 total, 2 running, 220 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu(s): 62.4 us, 10.4 sy, 0.0 ni, 21.6 id, 2.7 wa, 0.0 hi, 2.9 si, 0.0 st MiB Mem : 3851.6 total, 1171.8 free, 1492.1 used, 1187.7 buff/cache MiB Swap: 8095.0 total, 8072.0 free, 23.0 used. 1983.6 avail Mem PID USER PR NIVIRTRESSHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 7988 lulu 20 0 2562964 247644 112156 R 108.3 6.3 0:11.33 Web Content 7772 lulu 20 0 2737548 345892 138548 S 93.4 8.8 0:37.64 x-www-browser 7091 lulu 20 0 651744 52428 34836 S 34.4 1.3 0:09.98 xfce4-terminal 1260 root 20 0 355352 71136 48052 S 18.5 1.8 8:17.92 Xorg 7874 lulu 20 0 8809572 175388 88748 S 13.6 4.4 0:11.50 WebExtensions 7913 lulu 20 0 2516084 164800 106720 S 6.6 4.2 0:05.78 Web Content 7821 lulu 20 0 2456924 148520 97812 S 6.0 3.8 0:06.93 Privileged Cont 8106 root 20 0 19100 6396 5584 S 5.3 0.2 0:00.16 systemd-hostnam 8044 lulu 20 0 2387368 71204 56140 S 3.3 1.8 0:00.57 Web Content 1813 lulu 20 0 1181656 8720 5404 S 3.0 0.2 0:16.61 ibus-daemon 1901 lulu 20 0 68852 21928 17700 S 2.3 0.6 0:51.24 xfwm4 1834 lulu 20 0 283936 24860 20052 S 1.0 0.6 0:06.36 ibus-ui-gtk3 1 root 20 0 169780 8780 6308 S 0.7 0.2 0:01.93 systemd 651 message+ 20 0 10476 5164 3500 S 0.7 0.1 0:03.39 dbus-daemon 1983 lulu 20 0 261384 34164 24440 S 0.7 0.9 0:14.02 panel-16-fsguar 10 root 20 0 0 0 0 I 0.3 0.0 0:06.04 rcu_sched 13 root 20 0 0 0 0 I 0.3 0.0 0:05.08 kworker/0:1-mm_percpu_wq 286 root 20 0 39684 9168 7708 S 0.3 0.2 0:02.22 systemd-journal 368 root 20 0 0 0 0 I 0.3 0.0 0:02.94 kworker/3:2-events 662 avahi 20 08264 3076 2760 S 0.3 0.1 0:00.16 avahi-daemon 831 root 20 0 3493084 87840 21644 S 0.3 2.2 0:18.86 java 1202 dnsmasq 20 0 18080 2236 1852 S 0.3 0.1 0:00.22 dnsmasq 1576 root 20 0 85504 27664 7188 S 0.3 0.7 0:02.94 windscribe 1837 lulu 20 0 283200 22520 15232 S 0.3 0
Re: What does "Control: reassign -1 libaqbanking44" mean?
On Fri, Mar 12, 2021 at 12:36:59PM +0900, 황병희 wrote: > Hi i am translator Debain webpage in Korean. > > At bug mailing, > some user wrote in body of message [1] as below: > > #+begin_src text > Control: reassign -1 libaqbanking44 > #+end_src > > In particular, i am curious the digit "-1". > For long time i was thinking about that the "-1". > > Is that "subtraction"? or another meaning? > > Oh please really my head is stiff.. > > Sincerely, Byung-Hee > > [1] https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=984980 > > -- > ^고맙습니다 _地平天成_ 감사합니다_^))// Hi Byung-Hee, "-1" refers to making "one clone" of the bug report and is issued to the control server, usually by the packager of the package (as I understand it). [1] In this case, the original report was made to a package-name with a typo (libaqbaning44). So this control [server] instruction was reassigning it to the actual package, (libaqbanking44) - with one clone of the original bug report. This is probably an exceptional usage case since the cloning of the bug report is done to correct the package-name rather than to indicate the bug in two actual packages. Tony [1] https://www.debian.org/Bugs/server-control [...] clone bugnumber NewID [ new IDs ... ] The clone control command allows you to duplicate a bug report. It is useful in the case where a single report actually indicates that multiple distinct bugs have occurred. "New IDs" are negative numbers, separated by spaces, which may be used in subsequent control commands to refer to the newly duplicated bugs. A new report is generated for each new ID. Example usage: clone 12345 -1 -2 reassign -1 foo retitle -1 foo: foo sucks reassign -2 bar [...]
Debian question
Hi, I am new to debian and trying to learn about its operating system. I am trying to learn how processor management techniques utilized and its functions, quantum, interrupts and multiprocessor. I am confused and trying to find particular resources related to these topics. What are the best resources or communities that could help me find and research more about these? please advise. Thank You
Re: Network connection of a qemu guest.
Hi. On Thu, Mar 11, 2021 at 02:19:28PM -0800, pe...@easthope.ca wrote: > There's no mention of shutting off the built-in DHCP server. That's because there's no need to. Unless guess OS requests a DHCP less, a DHCP server will remain dormant. > Maybe a specific ip address shuts it off. No, it does not work that way. > > If you don't like guest OS to be configured by DHCP, you're welcome to > > use /e/n/i snippet that I referenced in my previous e-mail. > > I added this stanza to /e/n/i . > > # An interface for subnet to qemu guest. > auto qemunic It should not work this way, and it did not. You're supposed to use the interface name your guest OS sees (as in - "ifconfig", "ip a"), not QEMU label ("qemunic" in this case). > The qemu -nic option above has "id=qemunic" and the stanza above > has qemunic. An "id" option has nothing to do with guest OS interface name. It's merely a label to distinguish between several instances of virtual hardware of the same type. For instance, one can specify several NICs for the quest this way: qemu-system-x86_64 -name ... \ -netdev tap,id=hostnet0,fd=3 -device \ virtio-net-pci,netdev=hostnet0,id=net0,mac=$MAC0 \ -netdev tap,id=hostnet1,fd=4 -device \ virtio-net-pci,netdev=hostnet1,id=net1,mac=$MAC1 \ -netdev tap,id=hostnet2,fd=5 -device \ virtio-net-pci,netdev=hostnet2,id=net2,mac=$MAC2 \ -netdev tap,id=hostnet3,fd=6 \ -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=hostnet3,id=net3,mac=$MAC3 \ And it does not make guest OS network interfaces to be called hostnet0 or net0, for instance. Reco
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On 3/11/21, Tixy wrote: > On Thu, 2021-03-11 at 13:25 -0400, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: >> 11 mar 2021 10:40, wrote:[1] >> > I would suggest that you leave the date and hour, also, please. If >> > I want to >> > find the original email which might have more context, that is very >> > helpful. >> >> Let me see. Does this [1] work for you? > > Butting into this discussion... > > I would suggest that the automatically inserted Spanish version is fine > and shouldn't be edited. There comes a point where the inconvenience to > the person sending the message outweighs the trivial benefits to the > person receiving it. These are international lists, too. I enjoy being reminded of that via the attribution when a reply retains the author's language. Cindy :) -- Cindy-Sue Causey Talking Rock, Pickens County, Georgia, USA * runs with birdseed *
Re: How to make btrfs forget a disk?
Victor Sudakov wrote: > > On Fri, 12 Mar 2021 at 13:39, Victor Sudakov wrote: > > > > > btrfs thinks that /dev/nvme1n1 has a btrfs: > > > > > # btrfs filesystem show > > > Label: none uuid: 3414ae53-f3d4-43ea-bb88-ffefc9bc86f6 > > > Total devices 1 FS bytes used 1.05TiB > > > devid1 size 2.00TiB used 1.33TiB path /dev/nvme0n1 > > > > > > Label: none uuid: 38f74bc8-465d-4866-8ec1-3a144741012c > > > Total devices 1 FS bytes used 831.16GiB > > > devid1 size 3.00TiB used 1.48TiB path /dev/nvme1n1 > > > > > > The problem is that /dev/nvme1n1 is being used for ZFS now, and there is > > > currently no btrfs thereon. However, there is a btrfs label or something > > > stuck somewhere, how can I clear it? > > > > Hi, > > > > I do not know the answer because I have never done that, > > but try reading > > man 8 btrfs-device > > > > and then perhaps > > btrfs device remove ... > > > > "Remove device(s) from a filesystem identified by " > > Hmm. /dev/nvme1n1 is not identified by any path because it's not mounted > as a btrfs filesystem. "wipefs -t btrfs -f -a /dev/nvme1n1" did the job. Still wondering where those labels are stored on disk in Linux. In FreeBSD, GEOM(4) usually keeps such stuff in the last sector of a volume/device. -- Victor Sudakov VAS4-RIPE http://vas.tomsk.ru/ 2:5005/49@fidonet signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
On Thu 11 Mar 2021 at 16:02:55 (-0400), Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 14:51, David Wright escribió: > > Take the case where partition E: contains the users' home > > directories for users foo and bar. Foo's video collection > > in E:/foo/Videos/ eventually grows so large that it has to > > be hived off onto a separate device, F: is assigned to it, > > and all of Foo's videos are moved there. > > > > Now, a file that Bar knew as E:/foo/Videos/cats.mp4, or > > even ../foo/Videos/cats.mp4, has the new path F:/cats.mp4. > > > > Here's how that works differently on unix filesystems: > > > > Old scheme: > > # mount /dev/sdc1 /home > > ~foo/Videos/cats.mp4 (or ../foo/Videos/cats.mp4). > > > > New scheme: > > # mount /dev/sdc1 /home > > on which /home/foo/Videos/ has been copied to device /dev/sdd1, > > and emptied. > > # mount /dev/sdd1 /home/foo/Videos > > > > Now the videos copied to /dev/sdd1 all appear in the same > > location as they did before, and all the file paths stay > > the same. > > Thanks for your proposition, I didn't understand the usefulness of a > unified hierarchy until you put that example. > > Well, you still have to mount it, don't you? We don't have to delete > the mount "feature" > nor the unified hierarchy, instead we could use both approaches. If you think you need the feature, it might not be too difficult to set up, say, a directory called /top, which contains links A, B1, etc pointing to any directory you choose. Symlinks are the normal way to approach these requirements, and don't require any modifications to the filesystem. > Think of E: and F: > as sdc1 and sdd1, with direct access to those E: and F:. Take care how you express this. sdc1 and sdd1 *do* give you direct access to devices, but it's raw, and doesn't go through the filesystem access methods. Consequently it would be the easiest way to destroy your files, which is exactly how most users employ it: with dd, to write one filesystem over another, or to wipe it with /dev/zero or /dev/urandom. > (Now that I'm writing this, > I think we could use E1: and F1:, I find it useful too). Then you > could write something like: > > mount E1: /home > mount F1: /home/foo/Videos The point about sdc and sdd is that these names are outside your control, being chosen by the kernel in ways you may need to learn about. The only sensible way ahead here is for you to write filesystem LABELs into the partitions, eg LABEL=toto06 /home ext4 errors=remount-ro,nofail,noauto,user,exec,suid 0 2 from my own /etc/fstab. (But that still doesn't give you the option of opening, say, toto06•Videos/dog.mp4, where • is some sensibly chosen delimiter.) I'm not familiar with how Windows assigns drive letters, particularly ones that are meant to be Stable. Nor what happens if two devices with the same (Stable) name are plugged in simultaneously. > The boot device could always be An: (with "n" being some number), so > the system could automatically do: "mount An: /" at boot. If you > would prefer some > operating system interoperability, we could use Cn: instead of An: I don't think you'll gain any interoperability from these proposed changes to your filesystem. And any hope that you did have would immediately be destroyed if you used a letter other than C: to represent the system drive. That's not because it has to be C:, but because everybody has respected that convention since its invention. (IOW it's more like the convention that usr is called usr, and not UlSteR.) But AIUI you're fighting hard to go backwards. Under the right circumstances, I am led to believe that you can mount devices onto directories in Window's NTFS filesystems, thereby avoiding letters. > At the end, you have the safe option to write /something/something_else > on the command line, or F1:/something/something_else at a GUI. You'd have to sort out the delimiter ":", and the semantics of a filename F1:something/something_else. (I take it you're familiar with how the interpretation of F:a\b is distinguished from F:\a\b in Windows.) > Please read the following. > > El mié, 10 mar 2021 a las 18:25, Stefan Monnier escribió: > > > (...) To make it more clear, I think it's important to > > > give (as much as possible) human-chosen names to the disks (for that > > > reason I use LVM to partition my disks, where I can label my disks and > > > partitions, although those labels aren't always reflected in the mount > > > points, so they're not always visible in the actual names of the files > > > that reside in them). I, too, label my disk partitions with a LABEL (as seen in the example above), and a PARTLABEL (Toto-Home), the latter required here for unlocking the LUKS encryption, $ sudo udisksctl unlock --block-device /dev/disk/by-partlabel/Toto-Home because the LABEL is, as yet, hidden by the encryption. Yes, there are limitations as to which labels are visible and/or appropriate to use at different times. You can't unlock encryption by LABEL, and y
Re: How to make btrfs forget a disk?
David wrote: > On Fri, 12 Mar 2021 at 13:39, Victor Sudakov wrote: > > > btrfs thinks that /dev/nvme1n1 has a btrfs: > > > # btrfs filesystem show > > Label: none uuid: 3414ae53-f3d4-43ea-bb88-ffefc9bc86f6 > > Total devices 1 FS bytes used 1.05TiB > > devid1 size 2.00TiB used 1.33TiB path /dev/nvme0n1 > > > > Label: none uuid: 38f74bc8-465d-4866-8ec1-3a144741012c > > Total devices 1 FS bytes used 831.16GiB > > devid1 size 3.00TiB used 1.48TiB path /dev/nvme1n1 > > > > The problem is that /dev/nvme1n1 is being used for ZFS now, and there is > > currently no btrfs thereon. However, there is a btrfs label or something > > stuck somewhere, how can I clear it? > > Hi, > > I do not know the answer because I have never done that, > but try reading > man 8 btrfs-device > > and then perhaps > btrfs device remove ... > "Remove device(s) from a filesystem identified by " Hmm. /dev/nvme1n1 is not identified by any path because it's not mounted as a btrfs filesystem. -- Victor Sudakov VAS4-RIPE http://vas.tomsk.ru/ 2:5005/49@fidonet signature.asc Description: PGP signature
What does "Control: reassign -1 libaqbanking44" mean?
Hi i am translator Debain webpage in Korean. At bug mailing, some user wrote in body of message [1] as below: #+begin_src text Control: reassign -1 libaqbanking44 #+end_src In particular, i am curious the digit "-1". For long time i was thinking about that the "-1". Is that "subtraction"? or another meaning? Oh please really my head is stiff.. Sincerely, Byung-Hee [1] https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=984980 -- ^고맙습니다 _地平天成_ 감사합니다_^))//
Re: How to manually install WiFi firmware on Debian Live?
On Thu, 11 Mar 2021 20:38:04 -0400 Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > I tried to make a "Realtek RTL8191SU Wireless LAN 802.11n USB 2.0 > Network Adapter" work on Debian 10 Live with LXDE, but I couldn't. > Here is what I already have tried: > > 1-. Downloaded package firmware-realtek from package.debian.org. Erm, possibly because firmware-realtek doesn't support that particular adapter (??). It supports variants of the 8191, but I don't see the SU. root@orca:~# apt-cache show firmware-realtek | grep -i RTL8191SU root@orca:~# apt-cache show firmware-realtek | grep -i RTL8191 * Realtek RTL8192SE/RTL8191SE firmware, version 4.816.2011 root@orca:~# I say, possibly, because Realtek firmware is screwy. There are also USB WiFi adapters that simply don't play with Linux. -- Does anybody read signatures any more? https://charlescurley.com https://charlescurley.com/blog/
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thursday, March 11, 2021 05:00:06 PM Charles Curley wrote: > On Thu, 11 Mar 2021 14:49:51 -0400 > > Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > > Does it work if I rather put this signature at the end of every > > message? > > > > > > Time zone: GMT-4 > > Months: Ene = Jan ; Abr = Apr ; Ago = Aug ; Dic = Dec > > Actually, the time zone is redundant, as it is indicated in the > time/date stamp on your emails, as indicated above. Well it is present in the time stamp quoted above, but the time zone does not show up in the (original?) Spanish timestamp.
Re: How to make btrfs forget a disk?
On Fri, 12 Mar 2021 at 13:39, Victor Sudakov wrote: > btrfs thinks that /dev/nvme1n1 has a btrfs: > # btrfs filesystem show > Label: none uuid: 3414ae53-f3d4-43ea-bb88-ffefc9bc86f6 > Total devices 1 FS bytes used 1.05TiB > devid1 size 2.00TiB used 1.33TiB path /dev/nvme0n1 > > Label: none uuid: 38f74bc8-465d-4866-8ec1-3a144741012c > Total devices 1 FS bytes used 831.16GiB > devid1 size 3.00TiB used 1.48TiB path /dev/nvme1n1 > > The problem is that /dev/nvme1n1 is being used for ZFS now, and there is > currently no btrfs thereon. However, there is a btrfs label or something > stuck somewhere, how can I clear it? Hi, I do not know the answer because I have never done that, but try reading man 8 btrfs-device and then perhaps btrfs device remove ...
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thu, 11 Mar 2021 14:49:51 -0400 Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > Does it work if I rather put this signature at the end of every > message? > > Time zone: GMT-4 > Months: Ene = Jan ; Abr = Apr ; Ago = Aug ; Dic = Dec Actually, the time zone is redundant, as it is indicated in the time/date stamp on your emails, as indicated above. -- Does anybody read signatures any more? https://charlescurley.com https://charlescurley.com/blog/
How to make btrfs forget a disk?
Dear Colleagues, btrfs thinks that /dev/nvme1n1 has a btrfs: # btrfs filesystem show Label: none uuid: 3414ae53-f3d4-43ea-bb88-ffefc9bc86f6 Total devices 1 FS bytes used 1.05TiB devid1 size 2.00TiB used 1.33TiB path /dev/nvme0n1 Label: none uuid: 38f74bc8-465d-4866-8ec1-3a144741012c Total devices 1 FS bytes used 831.16GiB devid1 size 3.00TiB used 1.48TiB path /dev/nvme1n1 The problem is that /dev/nvme1n1 is being used for ZFS now, and there is currently no btrfs thereon. However, there is a btrfs label or something stuck somewhere, how can I clear it? I tried to unload/load the btrfs kernel module but it did not help. It's somewhere on disk, but where? # blkid | grep nvme1n1 /dev/nvme1n1: UUID="38f74bc8-465d-4866-8ec1-3a144741012c" UUID_SUB="ada72e33-4467-4413-b78a-1a2392f62e62" TYPE="btrfs" PTUUID="d73a33f2-2b34-e64b-bc66-128320256a28" PTTYPE="gpt" /dev/nvme1n1p1: LABEL="fastdrive" UUID="9760009171611183151" UUID_SUB="5246836986761113023" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-04c563a98b6424bd" PARTUUID="ca163a7a-0150-714c-8e5f-375f57a8df2c" /dev/nvme1n1p9: PARTUUID="bbc56956-5581-b449-a114-0ece0378a4c9 # Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 3 TiB, 3298534883328 bytes, 6442450944 sectors Disk model: Amazon Elastic Block Store Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: D73A33F2-2B34-E64B-BC66-128320256A28 Device StartEndSectors Size Type /dev/nvme1n1p1 2048 6442432511 6442430464 3T Solaris /usr & Apple ZFS /dev/nvme1n1p9 6442432512 6442448895 16384 8M Solaris reserved 1 -- Victor Sudakov VAS4-RIPE http://vas.tomsk.ru/ 2:5005/49@fidonet signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: How to manually install WiFi firmware on Debian Live?
> > 1-. Downloaded package firmware-realtek from package.debian.org. > 2-. Booted Debian Live. > 3-. Copied package from hard disk to the desktop (apt complains when > I load it directly). > 4-. Executed: sudo apt install firmware-realtek > 5-. Executed: sudo depmod -a > 6-. Executed: sudo modprobe r8712u > Lets see if driver was able to run your card: Check output of $ lspci $ iw dev $ ip link show If everything is ok, check if your card can see any network $ iw dev [YOUR_CARD_DEVICE] scan (I do not remember exact syntax, try "man iw" or "iw help") There is a good tutorial here: https://wiki.debian.org/WiFi/HowToUse
How to manually install WiFi firmware on Debian Live?
Hello. I tried to make a "Realtek RTL8191SU Wireless LAN 802.11n USB 2.0 Network Adapter" work on Debian 10 Live with LXDE, but I couldn't. Here is what I already have tried: 1-. Downloaded package firmware-realtek from package.debian.org. 2-. Booted Debian Live. 3-. Copied package from hard disk to the desktop (apt complains when I load it directly). 4-. Executed: sudo apt install firmware-realtek 5-. Executed: sudo depmod -a 6-. Executed: sudo modprobe r8712u Then, Wicd didn't show anything. I ran udevadm, I don't remember how, to see if the USB WiFi adapter was detected; it was and also the module r8712u was loaded for it. I need some help here, please. I don't want to use a non-free firmware live image. Thanks.
Re: How i can optimize my operating system?
On Thu, 11 Mar 2021 17:25:45 -0500 Felix Miata wrote: > > facebook I do not know > > Several months ago FB turned nearly useless with sloth. I have a > sense what happened is it started screening everything for potential > to censor. I can type nearly a sentence before any characters appear > on screen. Anything serious I wish to post has to be composed > elsewhere and pasted in, then wait and wait and wait for ack. I observed the same thing. I use small VMs for FB, due to privacy concerns, so sloth really shows up there. I solved it (at least temporarily) by using vivaldi instead of Firefox. https://vivaldi.com Vivaldi is based on Chromium, so your Chrome add-ons will also work on it, and Chromium will probably give good results. -- Does anybody read signatures any more? https://charlescurley.com https://charlescurley.com/blog/
Re: Network connection of a qemu guest.
P.s. I added this stanza to host:/e/n/i . # An interface for subnet to qemu guest. auto qemunic allow-hotplug qemunic iface qemunic inet static address 10.0.2.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 Not guest:/e/n/i . Thanks,... P. -- cell: +1 236 464 1479Bcc: peter at easthope. ca VoIP: +1 604 670 0140
Re: Network connection of a qemu guest.
From: Reco Date: Thu, 11 Mar 2021 21:01:01 +0300 > DHCP is an option for a network configuration, not a requirement. >From the qemu manual. peter@joule:/home/peter/MY$ man qemu-system-i386 | grep DHCP Specifies the client hostname reported by the built-in DHCP Specify the first of the 16 IPs the built-in DHCP server can in DHCP server. More than one domain suffix can be transmitted Specifies the client domain name reported by the built-in DHCP (default first address given by the built-in DHCP server). By peter@joule:/home/peter/MY$ man qemu-system-i386 | grep dhcp dhcpstart=addr There's no mention of shutting off the built-in DHCP server. Maybe a specific ip address shuts it off. qemu-system-i386 \ -nic user,model=ne2k_pci,ipv6=off,id=qemunic,net=10.0.2.2/24 \ ... Qemu works. The options aren't catastrophic. > If you don't like guest OS to be configured by DHCP, you're welcome to > use /e/n/i snippet that I referenced in my previous e-mail. I added this stanza to /e/n/i . # An interface for subnet to qemu guest. auto qemunic allow-hotplug qemunic iface qemunic inet static address 10.0.2.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 root@joule:~# /etc/init.d/networking restart Restarting networking (via systemctl): networking.serviceJob for networking.serv ice failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status networking.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details. failed! > Ok, but surely it's a little problem to replace "eth0" with > "enx", isn't it? The qemu -nic option above has "id=qemunic" and the stanza above has qemunic. Nevertheless, host networking isn't happy with it. " -nic tap, ..." might be a better bet than " -nic user, ...". Other tips? Thanks,... P. -- cell: +1 236 464 1479Bcc: peter at easthope. ca VoIP: +1 604 670 0140
netboot debian-installer kernel too old
Hi, installing bullseye via network fails since the (directory named) _current_ debian-installer at http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/bullseye/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/debian-installer/amd64/linux is a kernel 5.9.0-4-amd64: # file linux linux: Linux kernel x86 boot executable bzImage, version 5.9.0-4-amd64 (debian-ker...@lists.debian.org) #1 SMP Debian 5.9.11-1 (2020-11-27), RO-rootFS, swap_dev 0x5, Normal VGA ... which does not match the more recent kernel (modules) in http://ftp.debian.org:80/debian/dists/bullseye/main/debian-installer/binary-amd64/Packages.xz . which rather fit kernel-image-5.10.0-3-amd64. The installation fails after 'download-installer' succeeded: "WARNNG **: no packages matching running kernel 5.9.0-4-amd64 in archive" How to file this bug? Does this belong to the pseudo pakage ftp.debian.org ? Kind regards, Anhu
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On 21 Ventôse an 229 de la Révolution 12:32:01 -0600 David Wright wrote: > One small point: timezones are a great help in making the time > relevant. I agree on language, no bother. Hey, we've even had one > person using the French Revolutionary Calendar. Anyone have any problems with the Mayan calendar? Today being Long count = 13.0.8.6.2; tzolkin = 3 Ik; haab = 5 Cumku. -- Does anybody read signatures any more? https://charlescurley.com https://charlescurley.com/blog/
Re: How i can optimize my operating system?
deloptes composed on 2021-03-11 22:01 (UTC+0100): > facebook I do not know Several months ago FB turned nearly useless with sloth. I have a sense what happened is it started screening everything for potential to censor. I can type nearly a sentence before any characters appear on screen. Anything serious I wish to post has to be composed elsewhere and pasted in, then wait and wait and wait for ack. -- Evolution as taught in public schools, like religion, is based on faith, not on science. Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks! Felix Miata *** http://fm.no-ip.com/
Re: How i can optimize my operating system?
William Torrez Corea wrote: > The problem occur when i execute different process at the same time. In > this case i execute the following program: firefox, facebook, libreoffice. the partitioning looks normal. you better post output of top. it gives more information related to applications. facebook I do not know, but firefox and libreoffice are memory/cpu hungry. again top is needed here + may be syslog you could also post output of free $ free totalusedfree shared buff/cache available Mem:7644556 6036100 247984 680280 1360472 480256 Swap: 8388604 1321472 7067132
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thu 11 Mar 2021 at 12:30:43 -0500, The Wanderer wrote: > On 2021-03-11 at 12:10, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > > > On Thu, Mar 11 2021 at 10:40, wrote: > > > >> I would suggest that you leave the date and hour, also, please. If > >> I want to find the original email which might have more context, > >> that is very helpful. > > > > I could try but it is more problematic for quick answers since I > > have the interface in Spanish, unless you don't mind reading: > > "El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 10:40, escribió:" > > For myself, that wouldn't bother me at all. I've seen attribution lines > in less-recognizable languages, and since all the key information is > still there and can be parsed with reasonably minimal effort, it serves > the purpose just fine. Agreed. > I'd certainly prefer attribution lines like that than a complete lack of > attribution, or ones with less information, in any case. Anothe agrement, It's a pity that Gnus appears incapable of providing an attribution. Evidence is here: https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2021/03/msg00535.html -- Brian.
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 15:12, escribió: > Yes, especially the Time zone. The months I can probably figure out. El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 15:24, David Wright () escribió: > No need for the months. People rarely post replies to such old messages. > As for inserting it manually, the disadvantage is that it's misleading > when it's wrong. For example, we change clocks in under a week, and it > would be easy to forget this instance of a "clock". Ok thanks. The month could be useful for archival purposes. If someone would like to search for something even on old threads, then he could find the posts more easy. But if you really think it is not needed, then I could remove it to not bloat my posts with that odd signature. -- Time zone: GMT-4 Months: Ene = Jan ; Abr = Apr ; Ago = Aug ; Dic = Dec
Re: How i can optimize my operating system?
On Thu 11 Mar 2021 at 13:20:49 (-0600), William Torrez Corea wrote: > S.ficheros bloques de 1K Usados Disponibles Uso% Montado en > /dev/sda1 23898960 17317344 5344576 77% / > /dev/sda7188826821568 1752732 2% /tmp > /dev/sda59545920 1849604 7191692 21% /var > /dev/sda8 147518348 5410749685847640 39% /home Looks pretty normal. It's twentysomething years since I bothered with separate /var/and /tmp on a desktop. Currently I've been using ~30GB for a root filesystem on a 500GB disk, and they sit at 35-70% in use. > The problem occur when i execute different process at the same time. In > this case i execute the following program: firefox, facebook, libreoffice. What are the specs of the machine this is running on? How fast, how much memory? Pasting the top dozen lines or so of top, when the machine is busy, could be useful. Or when it's exhibiting its "problem". > PID TTY TIME CMD > 1 ?00:00:02 systemd […] >36 ?00:00:00 kcompactd0 I don't know what we're supposed to gather from this list, as you've described no problem. What do you mean by optimize? I'm guessing from the partition numbers that this disk is MBR and has an "extended" partition on it. I've not used those either for two decades. But there's probably no reason worry about it until you're setting up its replacement one day. > > > *Debian 4.19.160-2 (2020-11-28) x86_64 GNU/Linux* Your kernel is not quite up to date: $ uname -a Linux axis 4.19.0-14-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.19.171-2 (2021-01-30) x86_64 GNU/Linux $ Cheers, David.
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 14:51, David Wright () escribió: > Take the case where partition E: contains the users' home > directories for users foo and bar. Foo's video collection > in E:/foo/Videos/ eventually grows so large that it has to > be hived off onto a separate device, F: is assigned to it, > and all of Foo's videos are moved there. > > Now, a file that Bar knew as E:/foo/Videos/cats.mp4, or > even ../foo/Videos/cats.mp4, has the new path F:/cats.mp4. > > Here's how that works differently on unix filesystems: > > Old scheme: > > # mount /dev/sdc1 /home > > ~foo/Videos/cats.mp4 (or ../foo/Videos/cats.mp4). > > New scheme: > > # mount /dev/sdc1 /home > > on which /home/foo/Videos/ has been copied to device /dev/sdd1, > and emptied. > > # mount /dev/sdd1 /home/foo/Videos > > Now the videos copied to /dev/sdd1 all appear in the same > location as they did before, and all the file paths stay > the same. Thanks for your proposition, I didn't understand the usefulness of a unified hierarchy until you put that example. Well, you still have to mount it, don't you? We don't have to delete the mount "feature" nor the unified hierarchy, instead we could use both approaches. Think of E: and F: as sdc1 and sdd1, with direct access to those E: and F:. (Now that I'm writing this, I think we could use E1: and F1:, I find it useful too). Then you could write something like: mount E1: /home mount F1: /home/foo/Videos The boot device could always be An: (with "n" being some number), so the system could automatically do: "mount An: /" at boot. If you would prefer some operating system interoperability, we could use Cn: instead of An: At the end, you have the safe option to write /something/something_else on the command line, or F1:/something/something_else at a GUI. Please read the following. El mié, 10 mar 2021 a las 18:25, Stefan Monnier () escribió: > > (...) To make it more clear, I think it's important to > > give (as much as possible) human-chosen names to the disks (for that > > reason I use LVM to partition my disks, where I can label my disks and > > partitions, although those labels aren't always reflected in the mount > > points, so they're not always visible in the actual names of the files > > that reside in them). El mié, 10 mar 2021 a las 19:28, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z () escribió: > That would depend whether you would prefer sequentially > labeled devices or named devices. The better approach would be to use both > (...) We can store names into devices' filesystems. This way, we could use e.g. :Foo:/foo/Videos/cats.mp4. The system will assign it F1:, but then it could read into the device's filesystem that it is called Foo, so the system makes it available as :Foo: If you plug the device into another PC, it will still be automatically called :Foo: We could even use USBa1: or HDDb2:, although it looks a bit more complex, it adds more information about the device as (I think, I don't remember well) sda or sdb do. As you can see, we don't have to use some fixed existing approach, everything could be possible, it's a matter of thinking about possibilities, and pros and cons. -- Time zone: GMT-4 Months: Ene = Jan ; Abr = Apr ; Ago = Aug ; Dic = Dec
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thu 11 Mar 2021 at 14:49:51 (-0400), Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 14:30, escribió: > > I can live with that ;-) > > El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 14:30, escribió: > > Yes that works for me, but I can live with the Spanish, as well. > > El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 14:32 (GMT-4), David Wright > () escribió:[1] > > One small point: timezones are a great help in making the time relevant. > > I agree on language, no bother. Hey, we've even had one person using the > > French Revolutionary Calendar. > > Are you talking about this [1]. I wish that Gmail had an option for > this too, but I don't know > if there is one, then I had to write it manually. While at the PC it > isn't so difficult, > it becomes a problem when you write from a phone. Well, I wouldn't sweat over it. When it's no effort, then it does help to have the timezone, otherwise you can only rely on the date and the minutes when searching back as someone described. For myself, it's just a file with set attribution="On %{%a %d %b %Y} at %{%H:%M:%S (%z)}, %n wrote:" in it, and I can forget about it. Unfortunately, not everybody has it as easy. > Does it work if I rather put this signature at the end of every message? > > -- > Time zone: GMT-4 > Months: Ene = Jan ; Abr = Apr ; Ago = Aug ; Dic = Dec No need for the months. People rarely post replies to such old messages. As for inserting it manually, the disadvantage is that it's misleading when it's wrong. For example, we change clocks in under a week, and it would be easy to forget this instance of a "clock". Cheers, David.
Re: How i can optimize my operating system?
S.ficheros bloques de 1K Usados Disponibles Uso% Montado en sysfs 00 0- /sys proc 00 0- /proc udev 19511200 1951120 0% /dev devpts 00 0- /dev/pts tmpfs 39440422496 371908 6% /run /dev/sda1 23898960 17317344 5344576 77% / securityfs 00 0- /sys/kernel/security tmpfs197200492316 1879688 5% /dev/shm tmpfs 512045116 1% /run/lock tmpfs19720040 1972004 0% /sys/fs/cgroup cgroup200 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/unified cgroup 00 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd pstore 00 0- /sys/fs/pstore bpf00 0- /sys/fs/bpf cgroup 00 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio cgroup 00 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio cgroup 00 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct cgroup 00 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/devices cgroup 00 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset cgroup 00 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/pids cgroup 00 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event cgroup 00 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer cgroup 00 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/rdma cgroup 00 0- /sys/fs/cgroup/memory systemd-1 -- -- /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc mqueue 00 0- /dev/mqueue hugetlbfs 00 0- /dev/hugepages debugfs00 0- /sys/kernel/debug /dev/sda7188826821568 1752732 2% /tmp /dev/sda59545920 1849604 7191692 21% /var /dev/sda8 147518348 5410749685847640 39% /home binfmt_misc00 0- /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc tmpfs 394400 20 394380 1% /run/user/1000 fusectl00 0- /sys/fs/fuse/connections /dev/fuse 00 0- /run/user/1000/doc The problem occur when i execute different process at the same time. In this case i execute the following program: firefox, facebook, libreoffice. PID TTY TIME CMD 1 ?00:00:02 systemd 2 ?00:00:00 kthreadd 3 ?00:00:00 rcu_gp 4 ?00:00:00 rcu_par_gp 6 ?00:00:00 kworker/0:0H-kblockd 8 ?00:00:00 mm_percpu_wq 9 ?00:00:00 ksoftirqd/0 10 ?00:00:31 rcu_sched 11 ?00:00:00 rcu_bh 12 ?00:00:00 migration/0 14 ?00:00:00 cpuhp/0 15 ?00:00:00 cpuhp/1 16 ?00:00:00 migration/1 17 ?00:00:02 ksoftirqd/1 19 ?00:00:00 kworker/1:0H-kblockd 20 ?00:00:00 cpuhp/2 21 ?00:00:00 migration/2 22 ?00:00:00 ksoftirqd/2 24 ?00:00:00 kworker/2:0H-kblockd 25 ?00:00:00 cpuhp/3 26 ?00:00:00 migration/3 27 ?00:00:00 ksoftirqd/3 29 ?00:00:00 kworker/3:0H-kblockd 30 ?00:00:00 kdevtmpfs 31 ?00:00:00 netns 32 ?00:00:00 kauditd 33 ?00:00:00 khungtaskd 34 ?00:00:00 oom_reaper 35 ?00:00:00 writeback 36 ?00:00:00 kcompactd0 On Thu, Mar 11, 2021 at 12:59 PM Dan Ritter wrote: > William Torrez Corea wrote: > > My hard drive use the following amount in space: > > > > udev 2.0G 0% > > tmpfs 381M 6% > > /dev/sda1 5.5G 77% > > tmpfs 2.0G 2% > > tmpfs 5.3M 1% > > tmpfs 2.1G 0% > > /dev/sda7 1.8G 2% > > /dev/sda5 7.4G 21% > > /dev/sda8 88G 39% > > tmpfs 404M 1% > > > > We don't know what's mounted in those places. Try showing us the > full output of > > mount > > and then tell us with what you are having a problem. > > -dsr- > -- With kindest regards, William. ⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀ ⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system ⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org ⠈⠳⣄
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thursday, March 11, 2021 01:49:51 PM Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > Does it work if I rather put this signature at the end of every message? -- Time zone: GMT-4 Months: Ene = Jan ; Abr = Apr ; Ago = Aug ; Dic = Dec Yes, especially the Time zone. The months I can probably figure out.
Re: How i can optimize my operating system?
William Torrez Corea wrote: > My hard drive use the following amount in space: > > udev 2.0G 0% > tmpfs 381M 6% > /dev/sda1 5.5G 77% > tmpfs 2.0G 2% > tmpfs 5.3M 1% > tmpfs 2.1G 0% > /dev/sda7 1.8G 2% > /dev/sda5 7.4G 21% > /dev/sda8 88G 39% > tmpfs 404M 1% > We don't know what's mounted in those places. Try showing us the full output of mount and then tell us with what you are having a problem. -dsr-
How i can optimize my operating system?
My hard drive use the following amount in space: udev 2.0G 0% tmpfs 381M 6% /dev/sda1 5.5G 77% tmpfs 2.0G 2% tmpfs 5.3M 1% tmpfs 2.1G 0% /dev/sda7 1.8G 2% /dev/sda5 7.4G 21% /dev/sda8 88G 39% tmpfs 404M 1% Actually i upgraded my operating system to Debian 10.8 released. *Debian 4.19.160-2 (2020-11-28) x86_64 GNU/Linux* *xfce 4.12* -- With kindest regards, William. ⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀ ⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system ⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org ⠈⠳⣄
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
On Wed 10 Mar 2021 at 15:35:07 (-0400), Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > > It is more than looks. In Unix filesystems disks/volumes/partitions are > > "mounted" into the main file system at some arbitrary "mount point" and > > thus the filesystem encompasses all mounted devices. With DOS, all > > lettered disks are independent, though resources can be referenced > > across disks, it's not seamless. Also, what happens when you get to > > disk Z? > > Yes I saw that too. But I prefer not to further continue this debate to > /dev or /mount. Err, not so fast … > I like to know at hand what file is on which disk. Aside from that, > if I made Windows, I would make it go to AA after Z, looks like a little > solution. Even though, it would not be bad to call them USB0: or HDD0:, > just a bit more complex. > > > Why should we use filesystem specifications that are constrained by the > > limitations of CP/M running on 8 bit processors? > > I never tried to say that we should use FAT or NTFS. I was just talking > about names. No. You're not. You're talking about the filesystem structure, the hierarchy, not just names. Changing the names themselves is trivial. The name /usr exists in one place, and you could rename it by typing, say, # mv /usr /UlSteR The *filesystem* is still happy—the OS would crash only because nothing else calls usr that. Simple to change. But device letters are different. Take the case where partition E: contains the users' home directories for users foo and bar. Foo's video collection in E:/foo/Videos/ eventually grows so large that it has to be hived off onto a separate device, F: is assigned to it, and all of Foo's videos are moved there. Now, a file that Bar knew as E:/foo/Videos/cats.mp4, or even ../foo/Videos/cats.mp4, has the new path F:/cats.mp4. Here's how that works differently on unix filesystems: Old scheme: # mount /dev/sdc1 /home ~foo/Videos/cats.mp4 (or ../foo/Videos/cats.mp4). New scheme: # mount /dev/sdc1 /home on which /home/foo/Videos/ has been copied to device /dev/sdd1, and emptied. # mount /dev/sdd1 /home/foo/Videos Now the videos copied to /dev/sdd1 all appear in the same location as they did before, and all the file paths stay the same. So by closing down debate on /dev and /mount, you show that you've missed the essence of unix's unified filesystem by not seeing beyond mere names. Cheers, David.
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 14:30, escribió: > I can live with that ;-) El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 14:30, escribió: > Yes that works for me, but I can live with the Spanish, as well. Thanks El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 14:32 (GMT-4), David Wright () escribió:[1] > One small point: timezones are a great help in making the time relevant. > I agree on language, no bother. Hey, we've even had one person using the > French Revolutionary Calendar. Are you talking about this [1]. I wish that Gmail had an option for this too, but I don't know if there is one, then I had to write it manually. While at the PC it isn't so difficult, it becomes a problem when you write from a phone. Does it work if I rather put this signature at the end of every message? -- Time zone: GMT-4 Months: Ene = Jan ; Abr = Apr ; Ago = Aug ; Dic = Dec
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
On Thu, Mar 11, 2021 at 12:35:44PM -0600, David Wright wrote: > Thanks. So really the complaint is just that dpkg -S operates on the > paths of files as packaged, whereas type -p yields canonical paths, > I assume. It'll search through the directories in PATH, in order, and use the first one that contains the program. That may or may not be the "canonical" one, depending on how PATH is set. The other half is that the packages themselves install programs in their traditional FHS locations, not their UsrMerge locations. unicorn:~$ dpkg -L coreutils | grep mkdir /bin/mkdir /usr/share/man/man1/mkdir.1.gz On a non-merged system, the package system's location (/bin/mkdir) and the PATH-searched location (/bin/mkdir) will match. But on a merged system, both /usr/bin/mkdir and /bin/mkdir are valid paths to the command. If /usr/bin is first in PATH, then the PATH search will give /usr/bin/mkdir, which won't match where the package system thinks the program is.
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
On Thu 11 Mar 2021 at 16:09:40 (+1100), David wrote: > On Thu, 11 Mar 2021 at 14:52, David Wright wrote: > > On Wed 10 Mar 2021 at 17:45:48 (-0500), Stefan Monnier wrote: > > > > dpkg -S =foo > > > Sorry, but we're not all familiar with the construct "=foo" > > as interpreted by zsh, oops, Zsh. Can you elaborate on what > > dpkg itself is being fed by this command line. I searched > > man dpkg and man dpkg-query for = but that didn't help. > > It appears to be a Zsh feature, nothing to do with dpkg. > During procrastination, I found this [1]: > ''' > The companion of `~' is `=', which again has to occur at the start > of a word or assignment to be special. The remainder of the word > (here the entire remainder, because directory paths aren't useful) > is taken as the name of an external command, and the word is > expanded to the complete path to that command, using $PATH > just as if the command were to be executed: > > % print =ls > /bin/ls > ''' > [1] http://zsh.sourceforge.net/Guide/zshguide03.html#l58 > > So the above dpkg command seems to be the equivalent of > dpkg -S $(type -p foo) > in Bash. Thanks. So really the complaint is just that dpkg -S operates on the paths of files as packaged, whereas type -p yields canonical paths, I assume. Interactively, I guess that's another reason I hadn't thought of for piping dpkg -S unadornedname | less or using apt-file find likewise piped. As for scripts (other than personal ones), would people write them to rely on this feature? Cheers, David.
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thu 11 Mar 2021 at 17:42:48 (+), Tixy wrote: > On Thu, 2021-03-11 at 13:25 -0400, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > > 11 mar 2021 10:40, wrote:[1] > > > I would suggest that you leave the date and hour, also, please. If > > > I want to > > > find the original email which might have more context, that is very > > > helpful. > > > > Let me see. Does this [1] work for you? > > Butting into this discussion... > > I would suggest that the automatically inserted Spanish version is fine > and shouldn't be edited. There comes a point where the inconvenience to > the person sending the message outweighs the trivial benefits to the > person receiving it. One small point: timezones are a great help in making the time relevant. I agree on language, no bother. Hey, we've even had one person using the French Revolutionary Calendar. Cheers, David.
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thursday, March 11, 2021 12:25:08 PM Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > 11 mar 2021 10:40, wrote:[1] > > > I would suggest that you leave the date and hour, also, please. If I > > want to find the original email which might have more context, that is > > very helpful. > > Let me see. Does this [1] work for you? Yes that works for me, but I can live with the Spanish, as well.
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thursday, March 11, 2021 12:10:30 PM Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > On Thu, Mar 11 2021 at 10:40, wrote: > > I would suggest that you leave the date and hour, also, please. If I > > want to find the original email which might have more context, that is > > very helpful. > > I could try but it is more problematic for quick answers since I have > the interface in Spanish, unless you don't mind reading: > "El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 10:40, escribió:" I can live with that ;-) ... > > Thanks for pointing it out. It will surely be helpful. You're welcome!
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 13:31, The Wanderer () escribió: > For myself, that wouldn't bother me at all. I've seen attribution lines > in less-recognizable languages, and since all the key information is > still there and can be parsed with reasonably minimal effort, it serves > the purpose just fine. > > I'd certainly prefer attribution lines like that than a complete lack of > attribution, or ones with less information, in any case. El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 13:43, Tixy () escribió: > I would suggest that the automatically inserted Spanish version is fine > and shouldn't be edited. There comes a point where the inconvenience to > the person sending the message outweighs the trivial benefits to the > person receiving it. Thanks.
Re: Network connection of a qemu guest.
Hi. On Thu, Mar 11, 2021 at 07:25:30AM -0800, pe...@easthope.ca wrote: > All the QEMU documentation I've found focusses on DHCP. Imagine the > guest system tries to set a static address and QEMU offers DHCP. Seems > unlikely to succeed. DHCP is an option for a network configuration, not a requirement. If you don't like guest OS to be configured by DHCP, you're welcome to use /e/n/i snippet that I referenced in my previous e-mail. > Should be a way to configure qemu to provide a > subnet to the guest on an interface with a static address. (?) Please clarify. Where exactly you need a static address to be configured? At the guest OS's NIC? At the QEMU's emulated gateway? Elsewhere? > > Of course, as it's not a point-to-point connection. > > Yes, but a stanza in /etc/network/interfaces refers to an interface > name. The Debian 10 here for example, includes interface > enx0050b60be9be which is used for a subnet. Ok, but surely it's a little problem to replace "eth0" with "enx", isn't it? > To make a valid stanza for the qemu guest an interface name is > essential. I agree. > Either qemu must invent a name It's definitely does not work this way. QEMU has no way to specify an exact name for the guest OS. > or the qemu configuration will have to specify it. Nope. QEMU's job is to run unmodified guest OS, no more and no less. Specific OS implementation details (such as NIC names) are left to the specific OS to handle. > Another detail I haven't found in the documentation. QEMU's documentation is an unsuitable place to describe OS-specific implementation details. Try [1], chapter 4, instead. Reco [1] https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkInterfaceNames
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thu, 2021-03-11 at 13:25 -0400, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > 11 mar 2021 10:40, wrote:[1] > > I would suggest that you leave the date and hour, also, please. If > > I want to > > find the original email which might have more context, that is very > > helpful. > > Let me see. Does this [1] work for you? Butting into this discussion... I would suggest that the automatically inserted Spanish version is fine and shouldn't be edited. There comes a point where the inconvenience to the person sending the message outweighs the trivial benefits to the person receiving it. -- Tixy
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On 2021-03-11 at 12:10, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > On Thu, Mar 11 2021 at 10:40, wrote: > >> I would suggest that you leave the date and hour, also, please. If >> I want to find the original email which might have more context, >> that is very helpful. > > I could try but it is more problematic for quick answers since I > have the interface in Spanish, unless you don't mind reading: > "El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 10:40, escribió:" For myself, that wouldn't bother me at all. I've seen attribution lines in less-recognizable languages, and since all the key information is still there and can be parsed with reasonably minimal effort, it serves the purpose just fine. I'd certainly prefer attribution lines like that than a complete lack of attribution, or ones with less information, in any case. -- The Wanderer The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all progress depends on the unreasonable man. -- George Bernard Shaw signature.asc Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
11 mar 2021 10:40, wrote:[1] > I would suggest that you leave the date and hour, also, please. If I want to > find the original email which might have more context, that is very helpful. Let me see. Does this [1] work for you?
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thu, Mar 11 2021 at 10:40, wrote: > I would suggest that you leave the date and hour, also, please. If I want to > find the original email which might have more context, that is very helpful. I could try but it is more problematic for quick answers since I have the interface in Spanish, unless you don't mind reading: "El jue, 11 mar 2021 a las 10:40, escribió:" > Aside: You (Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z) obviously know how (in the gmail browser > client) to display the previous text which will be quoted, but for people that > may not know: > > When you click reply in that gmail browser client, you don't see the previous > text, but, near the bottom of the textbox (on the right side), there are three > dots (bigger than a period) in an ellipse. If you click on those, the > previous text is displayed, and you can delete text or intermix your comments > as desired. Thanks for pointing it out. It will surely be helpful.
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
> And oh, please: drop those whitespaces off file and directory names. This > makes teaching shell scripting to newbies a really #@%*&$¡~ chore. Unless > you want newbies to not learn scripting [1]. On the flip side, it teaches good practices, compared to the all too common scripts using un-quoted $foo which vomits all over your system as soon as it bumps into a file with a not-so-funny character in it. Stefan
Re: Network connection of a qemu guest.
Reco, Thanks for the reply. > In this case QEMU uses built-in DHCP server to provide 10.0.2/24 network > to the guest OS. If you need another network it should be changed in > QEMU's commandline. Thanks. I'm trying to set a _static_ address for the guest. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_ip_address Ref. https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2021/03/msg00546.html All the QEMU documentation I've found focusses on DHCP. Imagine the guest system tries to set a static address and QEMU offers DHCP. Seems unlikely to succeed. Should be a way to configure qemu to provide a subnet to the guest on an interface with a static address. (?) > Of course, as it's not a point-to-point connection. Yes, but a stanza in /etc/network/interfaces refers to an interface name. The Debian 10 here for example, includes interface enx0050b60be9be which is used for a subnet. To make a valid stanza for the qemu guest an interface name is essential. Either qemu must invent a name or the qemu configuration will have to specify it. Another detail I haven't found in the documentation. Thanks,... P. -- cell: +1 236 464 1479Bcc: peter at easthope. ca VoIP: +1 604 670 0140
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thursday, March 11, 2021 07:30:02 AM Brian wrote: > On Thu 11 Mar 2021 at 07:59:27 -0400, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > > Brian () wrote: > > > Please would you not remove the attribution when you quote a mail? > > > > Sure. Like this? Or should I leave the date and hour too? > > Thanks; much better. Personally, I would add the date and hour, > but that could be regarded as a matter of style. I would suggest that you leave the date and hour, also, please. If I want to find the original email which might have more context, that is very helpful. Aside: You (Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z) obviously know how (in the gmail browser client) to display the previous text which will be quoted, but for people that may not know: When you click reply in that gmail browser client, you don't see the previous text, but, near the bottom of the textbox (on the right side), there are three dots (bigger than a period) in an ellipse. If you click on those, the previous text is displayed, and you can delete text or intermix your comments as desired.
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
On Thu, Mar 11, 2021 at 07:48:14AM -0500, Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Thu, Mar 11, 2021 at 10:24:25AM +0100, to...@tuxteam.de wrote: > > And oh, please: drop those whitespaces off file and directory names. This > > makes teaching shell scripting to newbies a really #@%*&$¡~ chore. Unless > > you want newbies to not learn scripting [1]. > > > > Cheers > > > > [1] The generic "you". You (this time the personal) are the last person > >I would suspect of this! > > On the other hand, newbies who fail to learn proper shell scripting > practices go on to write terrible, horrible, bug-ridden shell scripts > that get installed on your[1] computer, and then break. You're right, and then... I wasn't proposing to ignore the problems with those whitespaces. Rather to just push the steep part of the ramp a bit further down the learning path. I still do one-off scripts without getting every nook and cranny of quoting right. When I rework scripts for possible consumption by others, I put much more attention in it. > The notion that "all filenames are alphanumeric plus dots, and maybe > dashes or underscores if you're a rebel" leads to scripts that break > when given the more typical messy filenames that one encounters in > real life. Sure, it's easy to write those scripts, but they're not > correct. They're ticking bombs. Definitely. And pages like yours do an invaluable job in helping people to refine those skills. But I insist: taking everything into account when starting shell programming can build up to be an insurmountable wall. Perhaps I'm wrong, though. Cheers - t signature.asc Description: Digital signature
Re: Could KDE work adequately on a PC with 4 GB of RAM and an Intel Core 2 Duo processor @ 2.33 GHz?
Marco Möller wrote: > On 10.03.21 19:28, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > (...) >> I don't think there is a Debian DVD iso I can use to install Debian >> Bullseye. >> I think I'll have to install Buster and then switch to Bullseye. >> Is there a better option? > > To my knowledge, there is a Bulleye installer available here: > https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/ > It is still a test version, but you have good chances that it will work > just fine. As described before, "testing" in Debian does not mean > "unstable". With some bad luck for you, you might find a bug in it. If > you could then report it, then luck for the Debian community because > someone found it and it can be corrected for pushing the installer a > step forward to soon become "stable". for the record, the daily images worked fine for me the other day as i wanted to be sure the recent daily netinst image would boot and get as far as partitioning on this new motherboard. all that went ok. i did not actually do any further installation with it though because i have to do some resizing and moving of partitions to set up a free spot to do a new install and i'm not sure i really want to do that yet. mainly i just wanted to make sure i had a recent rescue image that would boot just in case my future poking at UEFI things on this machine turns it into non- functional. songbird
Re: Hardware requirements between Debian 9 and 10
Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: >> Your message to which I am replying contains no HTML. >> >> Likewise the previous one, which is why I wrote "Thank you. That works." > > Ok. Thank you too. Have a good day. thank you both. makes it much easier to read to not have extra included at the bottom. :) songbird
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
On Thu, Mar 11, 2021 at 10:24:25AM +0100, to...@tuxteam.de wrote: > And oh, please: drop those whitespaces off file and directory names. This > makes teaching shell scripting to newbies a really #@%*&$¡~ chore. Unless > you want newbies to not learn scripting [1]. > > Cheers > > [1] The generic "you". You (this time the personal) are the last person >I would suspect of this! On the other hand, newbies who fail to learn proper shell scripting practices go on to write terrible, horrible, bug-ridden shell scripts that get installed on your[1] computer, and then break. The notion that "all filenames are alphanumeric plus dots, and maybe dashes or underscores if you're a rebel" leads to scripts that break when given the more typical messy filenames that one encounters in real life. Sure, it's easy to write those scripts, but they're not correct. They're ticking bombs.
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thu 11 Mar 2021 at 07:59:27 -0400, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > Brian () wrote: > > Please would you not remove the attribution when you quote a mail? > > Sure. Like this? Or should I leave the date and hour too? Thanks; much better. Personally, I would add the date and hour, but that could be regarded as a matter of style. -- Brian.
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
Brian () wrote: > Please would you not remove the attribution when you quote a mail? Sure. Like this? Or should I leave the date and hour too?
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
> If that type of mark is possible in your environment, then no, this > shouldn't break anything. > > However, as far as I'm aware, there is no non-file-manager-specific > "hidden" attribute for an *nix filesystem. The traditional way to make > most *nix programs treat a file as hidden is to rename the file so that > it starts with a '.' character - and renaming any of these directories > would, of course, bring back in the "existing programs can't find what > they expect" problem. > > The need to introduce, or take advantage of, a file-manager-specific > "hidden" attribute is exactly the reason why I think a specialized file > manager for the purpose would probably be needed. Oh, I see, that makes sense. Thanks for your help.
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
On Thu 11 Mar 2021 at 07:11:52 -0400, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > > Hint: you are already doing that, Gmail just hides the quotes for you. > > I do not always let the whole quote there, > as in this message, for example. I did it > at the start of the thread only to give some context. > > Thanks for the hint, though. Gmail does hide > the quotes, no matter how long they are. Please would you not remove the attribution when you quote a mail? -- Brian.
Re: Using Gmail on Debian mailing lists
> Hint: you are already doing that, Gmail just hides the quotes for you. I do not always let the whole quote there, as in this message, for example. I did it at the start of the thread only to give some context. Thanks for the hint, though. Gmail does hide the quotes, no matter how long they are.
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > > > I like to know at hand what file is on which disk. > > > > That used to work for A: vs C: back in the days of floppys, but what > > part of "E:" tells you which disk it is? At best you get to assume that > > E: and D: are different disks, but the names don't tell you which is > which. > > > > > Even though, it would not be bad to call them USB0: or HDD0:, > > > just a bit more complex. > > > > That's better, indeed. But the "0" still makes it unclear (which disk > > is 0 and which is 1?). To make it more clear, I think it's important to > > give (as much as possible) human-chosen names to the disks (for that > > reason I use LVM to partition my disks, where I can label my disks and > > partitions, although those labels aren't always reflected in the mount > > points, so they're not always visible in the actual names of the files > > that reside in them). > > That would depend whether you would prefer sequentially > labeled devices or named devices. The better approach would be to use both, > so the computer could give a name to a recently plugged device > without asking you for one or even before you can try to give it one. You can give a filesystem a label, and then it is visible in /dev/disk/by-label after it is mounted. Labels are not guaranteed to be unique, though, so it's possible for you to label two USB sticks as "Project Data" and then get confused. Filesystems get Universally Unique Identifiers (UUIDs) as seen: /dev/disk/by-uuid But UUIDs are terrible for humans to remember, and while they are probably unique, it's possible to copy them and thus make them non-unique. You can also reference disks by their serial numbers, which really should be unique but are beyond your control, or by their place in your hardware architecture, which is only reliable until something changes. -dsr-
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
On 2021-03-10 at 21:22, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: >> I don't see why that would come up in this case. >> >> In the model I described, the original paths which you found >> confusing are all still there, and anything which wants to find >> things under them can continue to use them. >> >> All this model does is give those paths an additional name each, >> and maybe go out of its way to hide the original names from you. >> Just because there are new names, and you can't see the old ones >> when you use one specific way of looking, doesn't mean that they >> aren't there or that other things can't see them. > > Oh, now I understand what you mean, instead of doing it like the > merge of /usr, you would make the new paths and not the old ones to > be symbolic links. Yes, it should not break anything. Thanks. > > I have one question, does it work without breaking anything if I mark > the old directories with a hidden atribute instead of some file > manager specific configuration? If that type of mark is possible in your environment, then no, this shouldn't break anything. However, as far as I'm aware, there is no non-file-manager-specific "hidden" attribute for an *nix filesystem. The traditional way to make most *nix programs treat a file as hidden is to rename the file so that it starts with a '.' character - and renaming any of these directories would, of course, bring back in the "existing programs can't find what they expect" problem. The need to introduce, or take advantage of, a file-manager-specific "hidden" attribute is exactly the reason why I think a specialized file manager for the purpose would probably be needed. -- The Wanderer The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all progress depends on the unreasonable man. -- George Bernard Shaw signature.asc Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
to...@tuxteam.de wrote: > > To whomever tries that approach, my advice would be to have a long look > at all the botches common destop environments managed to do while trying > to internationalise directories beneath a user's home. > > I mean: those things like "Desktop", which, if you do a German installation > are "Schreibtisch". And those aren't "standard Unix" directories, that means > that little software knows them, ergo they had the chance to start off a > relatively clean slate. The XDG conventions are a good thing to look at. https://wiki.debian.org/XDGBaseDirectorySpecification The wonderful thing about standards is that there are so many to choose from! -dsr-
Re: Finding related package for bug report regarding display output
> > > > since 26th of February I have problems with the DisplayPort outputs > > of my Lenovo ThinkPad T470p. If I use the notebooks output I can get > > one external monitor to function but daisy chaining does not work. If > > I use the output of the docking station, the external monitors do not > > work at all. > It could be driver error, Xorg error or misconfiguration. I'd start with checking "$ xrandr" output. > > > > At boot, betwenen GRUB and disk encryption, there is a error message > > that reads relevant: > > > > [drm:drm_dp_send_link_address [drm_kms_helper]] *ERROR* Sending > > link address failed with -5 > > Sounds like a video driver issue. It may be related to your problem or not. If you are using Intel video, then drivers are part of the kernel. And for Nvidia there is a separate package (AFAIK)
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
On Wed, Mar 10, 2021 at 07:03:00PM -0500, The Wanderer wrote: [...] > Well, if all you want is to be able to have more "newbie-friendly" > descriptive names of the directories, it might be possible to achieve > something like that by the simple addition of a collection of symlinks; > just symlink e.g. "/Configuration" to '/etc', '/Programs' to '/bin', > "/System Programs" to '/sbin', '/User Files' to '/home', et cetera. To whomever tries that approach, my advice would be to have a long look at all the botches common destop environments managed to do while trying to internationalise directories beneath a user's home. I mean: those things like "Desktop", which, if you do a German installation are "Schreibtisch". And those aren't "standard Unix" directories, that means that little software knows them, ergo they had the chance to start off a relatively clean slate. And oh, please: drop those whitespaces off file and directory names. This makes teaching shell scripting to newbies a really #@%*&$¡~ chore. Unless you want newbies to not learn scripting [1]. Cheers [1] The generic "you". You (this time the personal) are the last person I would suspect of this! - t signature.asc Description: Digital signature
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
On Wed, Mar 10, 2021 at 02:01:29PM -0400, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > > I think all these shortened names derive from a time when computing > > resources were limited. If you're using an 80x25 terminal over at 50 > > bits per second to a time-shared mainframe, it's more comfortable to > > type "/usr" than it is to type "/Programs". Easier to type "cp" than to > > type "copy", and so on. It's all fairly arbitrary. Why C:\? Why not > > System:\? Convention and history and inertia. > > > > > > Cheers > > > > > > [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usr > > > > > > - t > > But why do we have to use a system designed for such old computers > when the now old computers are much more capable than that. You are still using the (human) language(s) you learnt when you were a kid. Granted, that language(s) evolved a bit in the meantime, but not so quicly as to prevent them from doing their job: allow communication between humans. A file system layout (like a kernel call interface, or a hardware architecture design) fulfill a similar role: since there's no way (well, nearly no way) one could build such complex things all alone -- on the contrary, you need a pretty big community, to achieve that [1], you need a set of conventions and rituals to gather around. Once the communities grow large, those conventions move more slowly. In a nutshell: Complex system development (be it buildings, math or software) is an inherently social activity, and need common languages, which tend to evolve, but according to a "time constant" in the order of a human life. > I think it needs a redesign. Go ahead. Perhaps you want to read first about strange beasts which roamed the earth before the idea of a hierarchical file system established itself, e.g. [2]. > By the way, C:\ looks fine since it is just a letter succession mechanism > for labeling storage devices: C, D, E... it is like: usb0, usb1, usb2... To me it looks weird, but hey. Putting everything in one tree and having special places (/dev, /proc...) for special things. And, oh, on my box it isn't just "usb0" without any context, but something like "/dev/bus/usb/001/001" (or then, perhaps, also "/dev/sdb", depending on how many layers of software you put in front of it ;-) Only "eth0" is special and weird. Who said our systems have no warts? Look at Plan9 [3] to see what other smart folks have attempted to do (heck, there, even GUI windows have a place in the file system. You "rm" that file, and pop goes the window). Enjoy [1] Have a look at Linux kernel development statistics to get a feeling about the orders of magnitude involved, e.g. in https://lwn.net/Articles/834085/ [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVS#MVS_filesystem [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan_9_from_Bell_Labs - t signature.asc Description: Digital signature
Re: Finding related package for bug report regarding display output
On Thu, 11 Mar 2021 08:19:50 +0100 Max Görner wrote: > Hello, > > since 26th of February I have problems with the DisplayPort outputs > of my Lenovo ThinkPad T470p. If I use the notebooks output I can get > one external monitor to function but daisy chaining does not work. If > I use the output of the docking station, the external monitors do not > work at all. > > At boot, betwenen GRUB and disk encryption, there is a error message > that reads relevant: > > [drm:drm_dp_send_link_address [drm_kms_helper]] *ERROR* Sending > link address failed with -5 > > > I wanted to file a bug but were discouraged because one should name > the related package. Those who do not know the related package shall > reach out to the mailing list. > > So here am I. Could you please help me to find out which package is > affected so I can then file a proper bug report? > Generally it works if you just make your best guess, and the bug fixers will move it to the correct one. We mortals don't really know which package is the source of a bug, just which package it affects, so even if the package responsible appears to be obvious, it still often won't be the right one. The package in which you see the effects of the bug is usually a good start. It's more important that you can add details of variation of the bug e.g. 'it doesn't happen if I start the program by typing the program name in a terminal but I do see this warning:'. If you can use gdb and generate a backtrace, it's better still. -- Joe
Re: Booting is frozen on GDM Firmware problem
I used these ISOs to install: https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/current/amd64/bt-dvd/ https://cdimage.debian.org/images/unofficial/non-free/images-including-firmware/bullseye_di_alpha3+nonfree/amd64/iso-cd/ https://cdimage.debian.org/images/unofficial/non-free/images-including-firmware/weekly-live-builds/amd64/iso-hybrid/ 3rd ISO failed - installer failed to create a partition on the disk. This is my laptop: https://www.acer.com/datasheets/2018/4876/AN515-42/NH.Q3RSI.006.html -- Regards, ARNULD https://medium.com/@ArnuldOnData https://www.linkedin.com/in/arnuld-on-data/
Re: Is there an alternative filesystem hierarchy that could be adapted to Debian.
On Wed, Mar 10, 2021 at 07:35:58PM -0400, Cmdte Alpha Tigre Z wrote: > > Here's one source of breakage I encountered a few times because of this [good example of collateral damage from usrmerge] > Yes, before every possible bug derived from that change is corrected, > you could use some sort path translation program > that takes paths from the caller program and translates it > to some path the called program can understand. Fighting complexity with complexity. Thar sounds like a recipe for an exponential runaway. What could possibly go wrong ;-) > Just thinking. Just musing :) Cheers - t signature.asc Description: Digital signature
Re: Plasma can be a lightweight
Felix Miata composed on 2021-03-10 06:23 (UTC-0500): >> Here's a simple look at RAM before and after first launching IceWM, then >> rebooting, then a freshly installed Plasma session on an old single core PC >> that >> had had only KDE3 and IceWM on TW. >> # inxi -CGIMy >> Machine: >> Type: Desktop System: Dell product: OptiPlex GX280 v: N/A serial: 20HRT71 >> Mobo: Dell model: N/A serial: .. . BIOS: Dell v: A07 date: 11/29/2005 >> CPU: >> Info: Single Core model: Intel Pentium 4 bits: 32 type: MCP L2 cache: 1024 >> KiB >> Speed: 2793 MHz min/max: N/A Core speed (MHz): 1: 2793 >> Graphics: >> Device-1: Intel 82915G/GV/910GL Integrated Graphics driver: i915 v: kernel >> Display: x11 server: X.Org 1.20.10 driver: loaded: intel >> unloaded: fbdev,modesetting,vesa resolution: 1680x1050~60Hz >> OpenGL: renderer: Mesa DRI Intel 915G x86/MMX/SSE2 v: 1.4 Mesa 20.3.4 >> Info:...Shell: Bash inxi: 3.3.01 >> # free # before launching startx into IceWM >>totalusedfree shared buff/cache >> available >> Mem: 1525408 51264 13135801552 160564 >> 1293900 >> Swap:1036156 0 1036156 >> # free # after launching startx into IceWM and Xterm >>totalusedfree shared buff/cache >> available >> Mem: 1525408 71732 1213716 14980 239960 >> 1259048 >> Swap:1036156 0 1036156 >> 20468 used by IceWM >> # inxi -Sy >> System: >> Host: gx28b Kernel: 5.7.11-1-default i686 bits: 32 >> Desktop: IceWM 2.1.1 Distro: openSUSE Tumbleweed 20210307 >> I rebooted before launching Plasma and Konsole on the same PC: >> # free # before launching startx into virgin Plasma >> installation >>totalusedfree shared buff/cache >> available >> Mem: 1525568 51536 13056328444 168400 >> 1286812 >> Swap:1036156 0 1036156 >> # free # after launching startx into virgin Plasma installation >>totalusedfree shared buff/cache >> available >> Mem: 1525568 188264 899976 51360 437328 >> 1103940 >> Swap:1036156 0 1036156 >>136728 >> # inxi -Sy >> System: >> Host: gx28b Kernel: 5.7.11-1-default i686 bits: 32 >> Desktop: KDE Plasma 5.21.1 Distro: openSUSE Tumbleweed 20210307 >> No, it's not Debian. I never put Plasma on my Debians, which all use TDE. >> This was >> a freshly updated Tumbleweed, so the Plasma version is fresh. There's no >> XFCE on >> it. It won't be added either, as there's nothing about it I like better than >> KDE3, >> TDE or Plasma, and the disk has no room for more additions, worthwhile or >> otherwise. Thus, the difference between XFCE and Plasma or IceWM will need a >> different PC. >> The point is, Plasma can be rather lean, using only 116260 more than IceWM >> to get >> a basic session started. > The following isn't directly comparable to the above, as the Plasma > installation > and user are anything but fresh. However, it is a minimal, and started up in > same > manner, just on 64 bits instead of 32, and the same Plasma version on the > same OS > release, with 270996 instead of 136728 used to start a session: > # fresh boot to multi-user before startx into Plasma & Konsole >totalusedfree shared buff/cache > available > Mem: 3934880 92840 36121649912 229876 > 3601836 > Swap:4200428 0 4200428 > # after startx into Plasma & Konsole >totalusedfree shared buff/cache > available > Mem: 3934880 363836 3040312 75688 530732 > 3250656 > Swap:4200428 0 4200428 > 270996 used by Plasma & Konsole > # inxi -CGIMSy > System: > Host: gx745 Kernel: 5.10.16-1-default x86_64 bits: 64 > Desktop: KDE Plasma 5.21.1 Distro: openSUSE Tumbleweed 20210307 > Machine: > Type: Desktop System: Dell product: OptiPlex 745 v: N/A serial: 901DSC1 > Mobo: Dell model: 0GX297 serial: ..CN6986173Q1835. BIOS: Dell v: 2.6.2 > date: 08/12/2008 > CPU: > Info: Dual Core model: Intel Core2 6700 bits: 64 type: MCP L2 cache: 4 MiB > Speed: 1715 MHz min/max: N/A Core speeds (MHz): 1: 1715 2: 2105 > Graphics: > Device-1: Intel 82Q963/Q965 Integrated Graphics driver: i915 v: kernel > Display: x11 server: X.Org 1.20.10 driver: loaded: modesetting > unloaded: fbdev,vesa resolution: 1920x1200~60Hz > OpenGL: renderer: Mesa DRI Intel 965Q (BW) v: 2.1 Mesa 20.3.4 > Info:...Shell: Bash inxi: 3.3.01 > This CPU is one year older than the thread OP's Conroe 2.33GHz E6550, > a Conroe 2.67GHz E6700. > Another difference I expected was that though bo