Re: Still confused (was Re: ** Emegancy Request **)

2000-08-21 Thread David Wright
Quoting Cam Ellison ([EMAIL PROTECTED]):
 Sorry this is a bit long, but I'm still confused...
 
 On Fri, 18 Aug 2000 13:20:11 -0500, Brian E. Ermovick wrote:
 
 I've remapped partitions or even upgraded across drives just by using
 cp - mke2fs the new drive (assuming the partition is large enough to
 hold all the data), then:
 
 mount /dev/hdxx /mnt
 mkdir /mnt/mnt
 mkdir /proc/mnt
 
 cp -av /bin /mnt
 cp -av /sbin /mnt
 cp -av /usr /mnt
 cp -av /home /mnt
 cp -av /dev /mnt
 
 Let me get this straight..

I'm not sure why you attached your comment to this message, as it
doesn't seem to me a good way of doing the task that you want to do.
(Admittedly, the original poster, bill, was rather ambiguous about
what he wanted to do.)

 I am in the position of having to transfer my entire system to a new
 drive.  I will have to mount it initially as hdc. 

I'm going to assume that you have your old system spread over multiple
partitions and you want to keep it that way.

 So I should mke2fs, and create swap, root, usr, and var partitions on
 the new drive (I assume under new names, like /newswap), as:

Yes, but you don't need new names. When you mke2fs them, they are just
/dev/hdcX and have no name.

 hdc2 becomes root
 hdc3 becomes swap
 hdc4 becomes usr
 hdc5 becomes var
 hdc6 (maybe) becomes something else

Well, the numbers are odd looking. What's in partition 1? It has
to be an extended partition to contain partitions 5 upwards.

Personally, in the absence of another OS, I'd have

hdc1 swap
hdc2 /
hdc3 /usr
hdc4 /foo (which contains /foo/var /foo/tmp and /foo/home)

or you might have, say,

hdc1 swap
hdc2 /
hdc3 /usr
hdc4 extended containing:
hdc5 /var
hdc6 /tmp
hdc7 /home

but you have to choose your own scheme according to your prejudices.
I now use a 50--60MB / partition where the biggies are split off.

Now let's do the copying. First the root partition. Assume it's going
to be on hdc2, as in all the examples above.

mount /dev/hdc2 /mnt
cd /
find -xdev | cpio -damp /mnt
umount /mnt

That copies everything in your present / partition into the new one,
but only the files within the partition, not any directory trees
like /usr that have been mounted separately.

To do another partition, like /usr :

mount /dev/hdc3 /mnt
cd /usr
find -xdev | cpio -damp /mnt
umount /mnt

and the same thing for other partitions.

At the end, you need to check your new /etc/fstab with

mount /dev/hdc2 /mnt
edit /mnt/etc/fstab

and ditto for lilo.

If you're going to (a) boot from a floppy and (b) remove the old disk
or swap the IDE cables round, then there's no need to change a-c
as you'll always be booting into hda. You only need to correct any
changed partition numbers.

When you boot the new disk from a floppy, check the /etc/lilo.conf
and rerun lilo. Then see if it boots correctly.

If you have problems understanding this, do post your existing
partioning scheme (/etc/fstab will do nicely) and your intended
one. If you're splitting or merging partitons, you have to do
certain things slightly differently, and I can hardly post every
detail of every instance.

Cheers,

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Still confused (was Re: ** Emegancy Request **)

2000-08-19 Thread Cam Ellison
Sorry this is a bit long, but I'm still confused...

On Fri, 18 Aug 2000 13:20:11 -0500, Brian E. Ermovick wrote:

I've remapped partitions or even upgraded across drives just by using
cp - mke2fs the new drive (assuming the partition is large enough to
hold all the data), then:

mount /dev/hdxx /mnt
mkdir /mnt/mnt
mkdir /proc/mnt

cp -av /bin /mnt
cp -av /sbin /mnt
cp -av /usr /mnt
cp -av /home /mnt
cp -av /dev /mnt

Let me get this straight..

I am in the position of having to transfer my entire system to a new
drive.  I will have to mount it initially as hdc. 

So I should mke2fs, and create swap, root, usr, and var partitions on
the new drive (I assume under new names, like /newswap), as:

hdc2 becomes root
hdc3 becomes swap
hdc4 becomes usr
hdc5 becomes var
hdc6 (maybe) becomes something else

and then (literally) the next commands are:

mount /dev/hdc2 /mnt
mkdir /mnt/mnt
mkdir /proc/mnt

cp -av /bin /mnt
cp -av /sbin /mnt
cp -av /usr /mnt
cp -av /home /mnt
cp -av /dev /mnt

or are you using /mnt to refer to the new mountpoint (is this the right
name to call it?  I'm still pretty new at this), so it should be:

mount /dev/hdc2 /newroot
mkdir /newroot/mnt
mkdir /proc/mnt

et cetera...

If I don't want to rename everything /newswap, /newroot, etc. (at least
permanently), how do I do this?  I assume if I move the hard drive to a
new location, I need to boot from a floppy and rewrite /etc/fstab to
alter the assignments.  Can I do this to rename the partitions?

TIA

Cam

Cam Ellison, Ph.D., R.Psych.

[EMAIL PROTECTED]  or [EMAIL PROTECTED]

From the lovely Sunshine Coast, where it only SEEMS to rain.



 



Re: Still confused (was Re: ** Emegancy Request **)

2000-08-19 Thread Shaul Karl
You might want to look at the
Disk Upgrade mini How-To.


 Sorry this is a bit long, but I'm still confused...
 
 On Fri, 18 Aug 2000 13:20:11 -0500, Brian E. Ermovick wrote:
 
 I've remapped partitions or even upgraded across drives just by using
 cp - mke2fs the new drive (assuming the partition is large enough to
 hold all the data), then:
 
 mount /dev/hdxx /mnt
 mkdir /mnt/mnt
 mkdir /proc/mnt
 
 cp -av /bin /mnt
 cp -av /sbin /mnt
 cp -av /usr /mnt
 cp -av /home /mnt
 cp -av /dev /mnt
 
 Let me get this straight..
 
 I am in the position of having to transfer my entire system to a new
 drive.  I will have to mount it initially as hdc. 
 
 So I should mke2fs, and create swap, root, usr, and var partitions on
 the new drive (I assume under new names, like /newswap), as:
 
 hdc2 becomes root
 hdc3 becomes swap
 hdc4 becomes usr
 hdc5 becomes var
 hdc6 (maybe) becomes something else
 
 and then (literally) the next commands are:
 
 mount /dev/hdc2 /mnt
 mkdir /mnt/mnt
 mkdir /proc/mnt
 
 cp -av /bin /mnt
 cp -av /sbin /mnt
 cp -av /usr /mnt
 cp -av /home /mnt
 cp -av /dev /mnt
 
 or are you using /mnt to refer to the new mountpoint (is this the right
 name to call it?  I'm still pretty new at this), so it should be:
 
 mount /dev/hdc2 /newroot
 mkdir /newroot/mnt
 mkdir /proc/mnt
 
 et cetera...
 
 If I don't want to rename everything /newswap, /newroot, etc. (at least
 permanently), how do I do this?  I assume if I move the hard drive to a
 new location, I need to boot from a floppy and rewrite /etc/fstab to
 alter the assignments.  Can I do this to rename the partitions?
 
 TIA
 
 Cam
 
 Cam Ellison, Ph.D., R.Psych.
 
 [EMAIL PROTECTED]  or [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 
 From the lovely Sunshine Coast, where it only SEEMS to rain.
 
 
 
  
 
 
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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-18 Thread John Pearson
On Thu, Aug 17, 2000 at 04:54:42PM -0500, Nathan E Norman wrote
 On Fri, Aug 18, 2000 at 12:17:28AM +0300, Shaul Karl wrote:
  For some reason that I do not understand the authors of the Hrad Disk 
  Upgrade 
  Mini How-To claim about this or very similar one that
  
  Previous versions of the Mini How-To stated that you could also
  use tar to copy the disk, but this method was found to have a bug.
 
 tar doesn't deal well with device files.
 

Also, last I checked it didn't correctly handle hard links
or sparse files, and ignored sockets entirely (not necessarily
a big deal).

I use afio for this kind of thing, and it's never failed me yet.
e.g.:
# find / -xdev -path '/lost+found' -prune -o -print | afio -p /newroot


John P.
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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-18 Thread Brian E. Ermovick
On Thu, Aug 17, 2000 at 11:17:08PM +1000, Bill wrote:
 Hi All,
 Can someone please tell me the easiest and safest way to mirror
 a Hard Drive,  keeping all permissions, owner, groups etc. intact
 
 Thanks in Advance
 Bill

I've remapped partitions or even upgraded across drives just by using
cp - mke2fs the new drive (assuming the partition is large enough to
hold all the data), then:

mount /dev/hdxx /mnt
mkdir /mnt/mnt
mkdir /proc/mnt

cp -av /bin /mnt
cp -av /sbin /mnt
cp -av /usr /mnt
cp -av /home /mnt
cp -av /dev /mnt

The only thing that can't be cp'd is proc, but proc is re-created on
the next boot, anyway.

I've never had a single problem with this (except when I forgot to mke2fs
the drive, and accidentally copied to a vfat partition).

But you might be meaning something other than what I'm thinking here...

Good luck anyways :)

 - Brian

-- 
.oO(You know you've been using computers too long when you can actually come up 
with something that can be abbreviated as lgtkmozembed)

(quoted from GyrosGeie on irc #mashpotato)



Re: Duplicating a file system / re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-18 Thread Sven Burgener
On Fri, Aug 18, 2000 at 10:38:20AM +1200, Dan Griffiths wrote:
 This command will take care of duplicating everything including device
 files and permissions:
 find source dir -mount | cpio -dumpv target dir

I have a (bigger) SCSI disk that I want to move my system onto. 
(Currently my system lives on a smaller IDE disk)

I created a /boot, a swap and a / partition on /dev/sda:

# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 255 heads, 63 sectors, 131 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 bytes

   Device BootStart   EndBlocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   * 1 3 24066   83  Linux
/dev/sda2 411 64260   82  Linux swap
/dev/sda312   131963900   83  Linux

I next mkXX'ed them and mounted /boot and / under the two mount 
points /mnt/newboot and /mnt/newslash, respectively.

After that, I did the command described above to copy over everything. 

Next, I adjusted /mnt/newslash/etc/fstab to reflect the new disk. I 
also adjusted lilo.conf accordingly and ran 
lilo -C /mnt/newslash/etc/lilo.conf.

Now, I suppose if I boot up next time, this should work just fine, 
correct? I can't actually test this right now as I am recompiling a 
kernel on a different box that I ssh'ed to from this box... :)

So, does anyone have any suggestions / comments on this topic?

Sven



Re: Duplicating a file system / re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-18 Thread John Pearson
On Fri, Aug 18, 2000 at 08:53:29PM +0200, Sven Burgener wrote
 On Fri, Aug 18, 2000 at 10:38:20AM +1200, Dan Griffiths wrote:
  This command will take care of duplicating everything including device
  files and permissions:
  find source dir -mount | cpio -dumpv target dir
 
 I have a (bigger) SCSI disk that I want to move my system onto. 
 (Currently my system lives on a smaller IDE disk)
 
 I created a /boot, a swap and a / partition on /dev/sda:
 
 # fdisk -l /dev/sda
 Disk /dev/sda: 255 heads, 63 sectors, 131 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 bytes
 
Device BootStart   EndBlocks   Id  System
 /dev/sda1   * 1 3 24066   83  Linux
 /dev/sda2 411 64260   82  Linux swap
 /dev/sda312   131963900   83  Linux
 
 I next mkXX'ed them and mounted /boot and / under the two mount 
 points /mnt/newboot and /mnt/newslash, respectively.
 
 After that, I did the command described above to copy over everything. 
 
 Next, I adjusted /mnt/newslash/etc/fstab to reflect the new disk. I 
 also adjusted lilo.conf accordingly and ran 
 lilo -C /mnt/newslash/etc/lilo.conf.
 

This step may cause you trouble.  Unless you used paths like
/mnt/newslash/vmlinuz in /mnt/newslash/etc/lilo.conf then
lilo will be pointing to your old kernel/other files; this
shouldn't be a problem the first time you boot, but you'll need
to run lilo again to get things sorted and stable.  

 Now, I suppose if I boot up next time, this should work just fine, 
 correct? I can't actually test this right now as I am recompiling a 
 kernel on a different box that I ssh'ed to from this box... :)
 
 So, does anyone have any suggestions / comments on this topic?
 

While many BIOS/SCSI combinations play nicely together, many
combinations also have real and sometimes intractable issues
over booting.  In your position I'd probably make a boot floppy,
just in case.


John P.
-- 
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** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Bill
Hi All,
Can someone please tell me the easiest and safest way to mirror
a Hard Drive,  keeping all permissions, owner, groups etc. intact

Thanks in Advance
Bill



Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Christoph Simon
 Hi All,
 Can someone please tell me the easiest and safest way to mirror
 a Hard Drive,  keeping all permissions, owner, groups etc. intact
 
 Thanks in Advance
 Bill


( cd old-mount-point ; tar cf - . ) | ( cd new-mount-point ; tar xf - )

HTH

Christoph Simon
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Marcus Crafter
On Thu, 17 Aug 2000, Bill wrote:

 Hi All,
 Can someone please tell me the easiest and safest way to mirror
 a Hard Drive,  keeping all permissions, owner, groups etc. intact

Well, this depends on what you *really* want to do. From above it
sounds like you want to mirror the files, etc (ie. without regard for
partitions, etc, on the disk).

If so, have a look at GNU tar. The man page documents options for
preserving file attributes. I've done lots of backups with GNU tar and
had no problems restoring files with the correct attributes.

If you're looking at mirroring the hard disk *itself*.. hmm... I'd have
a look at GNU dd, but perhaps some one else on the list might have a
(better?) suggestion if that's the case.

Cheers,

Marcus

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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Thomas Guettler
On Thu, Aug 17, 2000 at 11:17:08PM +1000, Bill wrote:
 Hi All,
 Can someone please tell me the easiest and safest way to mirror
 a Hard Drive,  keeping all permissions, owner, groups etc. intact
 

man dd
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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Marcello Mezzanotti
Thomas Guettler wrote:
 
 On Thu, Aug 17, 2000 at 11:17:08PM +1000, Bill wrote:
  Hi All,
  Can someone please tell me the easiest and safest way to mirror
  a Hard Drive,  keeping all permissions, owner, groups etc. intact
 
 
 man dd
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what about rsync ??


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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Nico De Ranter
On Thu, Aug 17, 2000 at 11:42:19AM -0300, Marcello Mezzanotti wrote:
 Thomas Guettler wrote:
  
  On Thu, Aug 17, 2000 at 11:17:08PM +1000, Bill wrote:
   Hi All,
   Can someone please tell me the easiest and safest way to 
   mirror
   a Hard Drive,  keeping all permissions, owner, groups etc. intact
  
  
  man dd
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 what about rsync ??
 

Might not work for devices and such.  Depends on what exactly you want to do.
If it's a one time copy dd will probably be faster anyway.

Nico


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  refer to customers as users: illegal drug trade and
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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Marcello Mezzanotti
Nico De Ranter wrote:
 
 On Thu, Aug 17, 2000 at 11:42:19AM -0300, Marcello Mezzanotti wrote:
  Thomas Guettler wrote:
  
   On Thu, Aug 17, 2000 at 11:17:08PM +1000, Bill wrote:
Hi All,
Can someone please tell me the easiest and safest way to 
mirror
a Hard Drive,  keeping all permissions, owner, groups etc. intact
   
  
   man dd
   --
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   Office: guettli_NoSpam_interface-business.de www.interface-business.de
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  what about rsync ??
 
 
 Might not work for devices and such.  Depends on what exactly you want to do.
 If it's a one time copy dd will probably be faster anyway.
 
 Nico
 

if both fs are mounted, i believe its the best way.
and he can do a 2nd or even 3rd rsync to garantee that the fs are  equal

if not, rsync doesnt work :)

marcello


ps: sorry my poor english


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Copying a partition, was Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread David Wright
Quoting Bill ([EMAIL PROTECTED]):

 Can someone please tell me the easiest and safest way to mirror
 a Hard Drive,  keeping all permissions, owner, groups etc. intact

Well I wouldn't call man dd a safe way of doing this unless you mean
you want to make a bit for bit copy of the disk. If that's the case,
then you don't need to worry about permissions, owner, groups etc.
because it's not even going to worry about what sort of partitions or
filesystems you have. I've never done it though; you're on your own.

But I'll assume that you really want to copy the contents of a partition
from one disk to another. If that's so, then:

mke2fs /dev/new-partition which will create the lost+found directory
  of the correct size

mount /dev/new-partition /mnt

cd to the top (mount point) of the old partition (which might be /)

find -xdev | cpio -damp /mnt

That will copy everything in that partition, correctly.

What will differ: Directories will have new timestamps and they will
be just big enough for the files contained therein (the old ones may
have contained more files at one time).

What still needs doing: You may need to adjust /etc/fstab if the changes
you make result in different device names.
If this was a root (/) partition and you use lilo, you will need to boot
to it (with a floppy, say) and run lilo. I'm told you can avoid booting
by using chroot or lilo -r but I haven't actually done this.

Cheers,

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Disclaimer:   These addresses are only for reaching me, and do not signify
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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Stephan Hachinger
Hi

If there's not enough space, tar czf or tar cIf and later tar xzf / tar xIf!
Bzip2/tar.gz compression really rocks (if you've got a fast cpu).

Regards,

Stephan Hachinger

- Original Message -
From: Christoph Simon [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: debian-user@lists.debian.org
Sent: Thursday, August 17, 2000 4:08 PM
Subject: Re: ** Emegancy Request **


  Hi All,
  Can someone please tell me the easiest and safest way to
mirror
  a Hard Drive,  keeping all permissions, owner, groups etc. intact
 
  Thanks in Advance
  Bill
 

 ( cd old-mount-point ; tar cf - . ) | ( cd new-mount-point ; tar
xf - )

 HTH

 Christoph Simon
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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Christoph Simon

 If there's not enough space, tar czf or tar cIf and later tar xzf / tar xIf!
 Bzip2/tar.gz compression really rocks (if you've got a fast cpu).

 ( cd old-mount-point ; tar cf - . ) | ( cd new-mount-point ; tar xf - )

With this line, you do not have to worry about disk space, as long as
the destination drive has enough. As this is done just in a pipe, I
would not loose the time to compress and uncompress. BTW, this also
handles correctly special files like those in /dev directory. All
permissions will be preserved. Of course, you might need to be root
and the destination disk needs to have been formatted.

HTH.

Christoph Simon
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Shaul Karl
  Hi All,
  Can someone please tell me the easiest and safest way to mirror
  a Hard Drive,  keeping all permissions, owner, groups etc. intact
  
  Thanks in Advance
  Bill
 
 
 ( cd old-mount-point ; tar cf - . ) | ( cd new-mount-point ; tar xf - )
 


For some reason that I do not understand the authors of the Hrad Disk Upgrade 
Mini How-To claim about this or very similar one that

Previous versions of the Mini How-To stated that you could also
use tar to copy the disk, but this method was found to have a bug.

 HTH
 
 Christoph Simon
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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Christoph Simon

  ( cd old-mount-point ; tar cf - . ) | ( cd new-mount-point ; tar xf - )
   Previous versions of the Mini How-To stated that you could also
   use tar to copy the disk, but this method was found to have a bug.

I do not know that bug, and I am not aware of any, as I am using tar this way
very often. I have never lost a file. Permissions, time stamps, everything
stays as it was. Maybe it refers to older versions of tar. Very old ones
for instance did not handle very gracefully certain special files. It is
possible that tar is confused by the /proc file system. This one I never
tried.

Christoph Simon
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

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Re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Nathan E Norman
On Fri, Aug 18, 2000 at 12:17:28AM +0300, Shaul Karl wrote:
 For some reason that I do not understand the authors of the Hrad Disk 
 Upgrade 
 Mini How-To claim about this or very similar one that
 
   Previous versions of the Mini How-To stated that you could also
   use tar to copy the disk, but this method was found to have a bug.

tar doesn't deal well with device files.

-- 
Nathan Norman Eschew Obfuscation  Network Engineer
GPG Key ID 1024D/51F98BB7http://home.midco.net/~nnorman/
Key fingerprint = C5F4 A147 416C E0BF AB73  8BEF F0C8 255C 51F9 8BB7


pgpCOblil7UIJ.pgp
Description: PGP signature


Duplicating a file system / re: ** Emegancy Request **

2000-08-17 Thread Dan Griffiths
Nathan E Norman wrote:

 On Fri, Aug 18, 2000 at 12:17:28AM +0300, Shaul Karl wrote:
  For some reason that I do not understand the authors of the Hrad Disk
 Upgrade
  Mini How-To claim about this or very similar one that
 
Previous versions of the Mini How-To stated that you could also
use tar to copy the disk, but this method was found to have a
 bug.

 tar doesn't deal well with device files.

 --
 Nathan Norman Eschew Obfuscation  Network Engineer
 GPG Key ID 1024D/51F98BB7   http://home.midco.net/~nnorman/
 Key fingerprint = C5F4 A147 416C E0BF AB73  8BEF F0C8 255C 51F9 8BB7

This command will take care of duplicating everything including device
files and permissions:
find source dir -mount | cpio -dumpv target dir

Use -mount if you only want to copy the source partition. (This ignores
other mount points).

--
Dan Griffiths
Unix Systems Support Specialist
Unisys (NZ) Ltd.

Cell: +64 25 605 3748
Phone: +64 4 462 2805Fax:   +64 4 462 2836

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