Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Costas loop and MM algorithm on FPGA

2011-12-15 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hello Phone

Do you have a git repo that one might throw in ones two coppers?

Best
Paul

2011/12/15 Phone Naing MYINT phonenaing.my...@sg.panasonic.com

  Hi,



 Anyone here implemented freq/phase correction and symbol timing correction
 in USRP's FPGA?



 Recently I implemented Costas loop and Muller  Mueller algorithm in RTL
 by referring the gnuradio code. Now I'm testing it on FPGA. I can get
 correct demodulated data(DQPSK) at initial few thousand symbols. After that
 I'm getting all rubbish data.



 I think the problem with my RTL implementation is not good enough
 bit-resolution (unlike implementation on PC). Currently I'm using 15-bits
 resolution for decimal part. Anyone has any suggestion ?



 PN

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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Costas loop and MM algorithm on FPGA

2011-12-15 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hi Phone

No, but I am very interested :D
From your original post it might seem that fresh eyes might hit the spot.
I'm more of a VHDL guy, so I might not be too much of a help.
I just thought that others might have a better chance of helping if they
could see the code.

Best
Paul

2011/12/15 Phone Naing MYINT phonenaing.my...@sg.panasonic.com

  Hi Paul,



 I do not have one. Do you implemented them before?



 PN



 *From:* 
 discuss-gnuradio-bounces+phonenaing.myint=sg.panasonic@gnu.org[mailto:
 discuss-gnuradio-bounces+phonenaing.myint=sg.panasonic@gnu.org] *On
 Behalf Of *Paul M. Bendixen
 *Sent:* Thursday, December 15, 2011 4:48 PM
 *To:* GNURadio Discussion List
 *Subject:* Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Costas loop and MM algorithm on FPGA



 Hello Phone



 Do you have a git repo that one might throw in ones two coppers?



 Best

 Paul



 2011/12/15 Phone Naing MYINT phonenaing.my...@sg.panasonic.com

 Hi,



 Anyone here implemented freq/phase correction and symbol timing correction
 in USRP's FPGA?



 Recently I implemented Costas loop and Muller  Mueller algorithm in RTL
 by referring the gnuradio code. Now I'm testing it on FPGA. I can get
 correct demodulated data(DQPSK) at initial few thousand symbols. After that
 I'm getting all rubbish data.



 I think the problem with my RTL implementation is not good enough
 bit-resolution (unlike implementation on PC). Currently I'm using 15-bits
 resolution for decimal part. Anyone has any suggestion ?



 PN


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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Default antenna with RFX2400

2011-12-13 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
2011/12/13 Josh Blum j...@ettus.com



 On 12/12/2011 08:25 PM, Phone Naing MYINT wrote:
  Hi,
 
  TX is clear, defaulted to TX/RX. RX default to direct conversion, what
 does it mean?

 RFX2400 is a direct conversion receiver *and* a direct conversion
 transmitter. What the docs really should say:

 1) When you tune the transmit chain, the default behaviour is to tune
 the LO away from the desired center frequency.

 2) When you tune the receive chain, the default behavior is to tune the
 LO as close as possible to the desired center frequency.

 You can of course, override this behavior:
 http://files.ettus.com/uhd_docs/manual/html/general.html#tuning-notes


I would personally reccomend you to use this (and scrap GRC) as soon as
possible.
The RFX2400 board has some problems selecting a center frequency far enough
off, and you might run into trouble if you are using a digital modulation
(You can see some of my earlier posts on this)





  For receive, using TX/RX or RX2 provides same performance?
 

 TXRX vs RX2 is just a simple switch. You must pick what is most useful
 for your application (full vs half duplex). Obviously, for a
 receive-only application, either antenna option is good.


If you use the TX/RX as a receiver, you will notice a small attenuation
(~2dB) compared to using RX2.
Also remark, that the attenuation between TX/RX when transmitting and RX2
is ~65 dB.

-josh

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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] DPSK Block - Verifying Received Message

2011-12-09 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
2011/12/9 John Malsbury john.malsb...@ettus.com

  Domenic,

 Whenever you are transferring data from a transmitter to a receiver it is
 reasonable to use some sort of framing.  If you want  a quick test, use a
 packet encoder and decoder on your transmitter and receiver, respectively.
 This will packetize the data and eliminate the continuous flow of garbage
 data to your file since the decoder will only output data from valid
 packets(w/ header + crc are removed).  Bit errors will manifest themselves
 as a short file, since bad packets will be discarded.  If you run the
 block in verbose mode there may also be reporting for when packets are
 discarded.

 Set the payload length number in the encoder so you have a known
 relationship between the number of bytes missing from the file and the
 number of packet errors.

 There are numerous ways to improve this simple test, but this is a start
 for you.  Also, you may want to perform a more fundamental bit error test.
 See error rate block.


Just a word of warning:
If you use the package en/decoder and the BER block , it might just go
haywire
The BER block cannot regain from a missing frame (which would be the case
if the framer threw it away)


 -J




 On 12/09/2011 07:29 AM, Domenic Magazu III wrote:

   All,
I was playing around with the DPSK block provided with GNU Radio.  I
 was able to get my two USRPs talking to each other.  I placed a file sink
 on the random source generator (set to transmit 10 random binary digits)
 and I'm able to see what was actually sent from that file (command: od -d
 filename.bin).  I was curious how I go about verifying that the message in
 my filename.bin is received as transmitted on the other end?  I tried
 placing a file sink on the DPSK demod block however because the receiver is
 constantly pulling in information my file becomes extremely large and it's
 difficult to determine where the message would be amongst the other
 'noise'.  Does anyone have any ideas on how to verify my transmitted
 message is making it to my receiver?

  Thank you
 Domenic


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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] build-gnuradio needs updates

2011-12-02 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
On my Gentoo system, I also get the Udev errors,
I don't know where excacly this comes from (but it is annoying).

It might be part of the build system of the UHD driver, since I haven't
tried using the script.

Best
Paul

2011/12/2 Marcus D. Leech mle...@ripnet.com

 On 2-12-2011 10:06 AM, alick wrote:

 Hi all,

 I am a newcomer here. I previously use the build-gnuradio script to
 get a modern version of gnuradio and UHD. The script did a great job.
 But I guess some (small) updates are needed.

 One is related to udev conf. I saw the warning while booting my OS
 (Fedora 14):

 Starting udev: udevd[584]: BUS= will be removed in a future udev
 version, please use SUBSYSTEM= to match the event device, or SUBSYSTEMS=
 to match a parent device, in /etc/udev/rules.d/10-usrp.rules:3

 I searched the web and this page[1] suggests that substitution will
 work. But I'm not sure.

 Another is with the latest Fedora 16. I plan to upgrade my OS in a few
 days(maybe just tomorrow), and the current script only supports up to
 Fedora 15...

 [1] http://sdrblog.wordpress.com/gnuradio-installation/

 I don't have any plans to immediately support F16.  If you, or someone
 else, wants to send patches, I'm happy to merge them
  in.  I don't own any F16 systems myself, and don't have immediate plans
 to upgrade.






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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] UHD vs. USRP2 driver questions

2011-11-30 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
2011/11/29 Kevin Tien kvn.t...@gmail.com

 Hi,

 We're using USRP2s with the RFX2400 daughterboards, and we've recently
 switched from the old USRP drivers to the UHD drivers as per general
 recommendation. However, we've run into a few problems that have us
 stumped:

 1) Previously, our receiver gains were set to 0 dB and we had no
 problem receiving a signal with 30 or 40 dB SNR. However, now the UHD
 receiver blocks need specified gain around 30 or 40 dB to achieve this
 same performance; did baseline values change?


As far as I remember, there was something about the old driver sending out
signals that were ints
The new driver sends and receives +/- 1, so you will need some more gain
(38 dB I believe somone calculated)




  2) As far as we can tell through searching the Internet, the sampling

rate in the Tx/Rx blocks has replaced the decimation and interpolation
 fields from the legacy blocks. But what exactly are we specifying with
 the sampling rate now? Is it the sampling rate the rate at which the
 transmitter transmits samples, with interpolation assumed if the data
 going into the block isn't throttled? In which case, would higher
 sampling rate imply lower 'interpolation' rate? Bottom line, we have
 no idea how to play around with the sample rate, or how important it
 is.

 The UHD driver sets up the interpolation rate for you.
It will select the interpolation rate most appropriatly close to 100MHz /
requestedSamplerate

With the caveat that it first checks if it is dividable by two(for the
first hb filter), if that result is dividable by two( for the second hb
filter)  and if the final result is less than 128 (for the CIC) it will be
set.

If you select an unobtainable sampling rate, the output will tell you.

in pseudocode:

%% Mechanism for chosing HB filters and interprate %%%
%% root / host / lib / usrp / cores / tx_dsp_core_200.cpp 
%
% if (interp_rate  128) interp_rate = ~0x1;//CIC up to 128, have to use 1
HB
% if (interp_rate  256) interp_rate = ~0x3;//CIC up to 128, have to use 2
HB
% size_t interp = interp_rate;
%
% //determine which half-band filters are activated
% int hb0 = 0, hb1 = 0;
% if (interp % 2 == 0)
% {
% hb0 = 1;
% interp /= 2;
% }
% if (interp % 2 == 0)
% {
% hb1 = 1;
% interp /= 2;
% }
%%

Thanks for your help,
 Kevin Tien

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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] GRUG meeting tonight!

2011-11-30 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Damn it!
Why couldn't you have put this up yestoday? Now it's too late to book the
flight from Denmark ;)

Have a good one
Paul


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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] USRP N210 Benchmarks.

2011-11-28 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hi Nick

Thank you for looking into this.

2011/11/26 Nick Foster n...@ettus.com

 On Thu, Nov 24, 2011 at 5:59 AM, Paul M. Bendixen
 paulbendi...@gmail.com wrote:
  Hi again
  Thank you very much, we expect our thesis will be available from some
 time
  next year, we will add it to the academic section.
 
  The work we have done so far have pointed us to the daughterboard mixer.
  All mixers have problems causing harmonics, and our research so far has
  shown us that this is the big problem.
  The work with gain adjusting the I Q channels in the drivers give us an
 idea
  we might be right ;)

 Can you give more details? If you can, please post your measurements
 which lead to this conclusion.


We did a couple of measurements just around the 2,4 GHz mark. The reason we
thought it might be the daughterboard mixer is that the problem arose
whether we used a 2,4003 GHz carrier and a zero cosine or a 2,4GHz
carrier and a 300kHz cosine.

Since the mixer stage in the DAC is not activated (that we can see, is this
a future possibility?) the (~only) next stage is the daughterboard mixer.

The included picture is a 2,401GHz carrier, no cosine frequency into a
N210_r3 using an RFX2400, 42dB attenuator on a cable to a RhodeSwartz
Spectrum analyser.

If you compare the peaks to the datasheet, you will see they are almost
identical (bear in mind that the datasheet uses LSB and we use USB).

This is in the very part where IQ imbalance is presented. Employing the
auto calibration might help reduce the peaks.
(when the RFX2400 gets support)


 
  We have spent a good while describing what frequencies the osclilator on
 the
  daughterboard can supply.
  When in auto mode, the UHD driver will try to select a frequency that is
  offset, so that an actual direct up/down conversion does not take place.
  This is what is normally known as the Superheterodyne radio. However,
  because of the division of labour between the mixer in the FPGA and the
  mixer on the daughterboard, the IF frequency selected is often too close
 to
  the daughterboard mixer frequency.
 
  This results in quite a bit of nasty spikes around the desired signal.
  There are two ways of testing this:
  1: the scientific)
  Try sending out a single frequency, a flowgraph of [complex cosine] -
 [UHD
  Sink] was good enough for us.
  Check out what spurious frequencies are created. You will typically see
 the
  wanted signal (f_c +/- f_s), a bit of the _actual_ carrier (f_c) and
 mirrors
  of different description. (eg f_c +/- 2*f_s ; f_c -/+ f_s).
  Increasing the signal frequency(f_s) will reveal which is the
 oscilator(f_c)
  and which is the mirror.
 
  Page 19 of the AD8349 (mixer for the RFX2400) showed part of this
  explanation.
 
  2: the mechanics version)
  Try other frequencies, maybe you will get lucky ;)
 
  One other method might be to write all or parts of the application in
 C++,
  that way you should be able to select a mixer frequency far away from the
  one you need (the N210 FPGA mixer can provide +/- 50MHz offset, i believe
  the USRP1 can supply +/- 32MHz).
  This way you should be able to reduce the spurious emissions.

 You can use the advanced tuning parameters in Python as well. No need
 for C++ if you don't want it. You can pick whatever LO offset
 frequency you like.

 http://files.ettus.com/uhd_docs/manual/html/general.html


OK, thank you, if we have the time before deadline, we will check this out.
We have been using the GRC exclusively.


  The problem using this approach is that you will send the spurious
 emissions
  into other parts of the band (the problem with having a narrow signal in
 a
  wide-band application).

 You will have this issue with essentially any direct-conversion
 transceiver which has an open (or reasonably open) front end.


Exactly. As I mentioned in the second paragraph ;)
Our best bet as I see it, is to use a quasi-superhetrodyne approach, where
possible.

Best
Paul


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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] USRP N210 Benchmarks.

2011-11-24 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hi again
Thank you very much, we expect our thesis will be available from some time
next year, we will add it to the academic section.

The work we have done so far have pointed us to the daughterboard mixer.
All mixers have problems causing harmonics, and our research so far has
shown us that this is the big problem.
The work with gain adjusting the I Q channels in the drivers give us an
idea we might be right ;)

We have spent a good while describing what frequencies the osclilator on
the daughterboard can supply.
When in auto mode, the UHD driver will try to select a frequency that is
offset, so that an actual direct up/down conversion does not take place.
This is what is normally known as the Superheterodyne radio. However,
because of the division of labour between the mixer in the FPGA and the
mixer on the daughterboard, the IF frequency selected is often too close to
the daughterboard mixer frequency.

This results in quite a bit of nasty spikes around the desired signal.
There are two ways of testing this:
1: the scientific)
Try sending out a single frequency, a flowgraph of [complex cosine] - [UHD
Sink] was good enough for us.
Check out what spurious frequencies are created. You will typically see the
wanted signal (f_c +/- f_s), a bit of the _actual_ carrier (f_c) and
mirrors of different description. (eg f_c +/- 2*f_s ; f_c -/+ f_s).
Increasing the signal frequency(f_s) will reveal which is the
oscilator(f_c) and which is the mirror.

Page 19 of the AD8349 (mixer for the RFX2400) showed part of this
explanation.

2: the mechanics version)
Try other frequencies, maybe you will get lucky ;)

One other method might be to write all or parts of the application in C++,
that way you should be able to select a mixer frequency far away from the
one you need (the N210 FPGA mixer can provide +/- 50MHz offset, i believe
the USRP1 can supply +/- 32MHz).
This way you should be able to reduce the spurious emissions.

The problem using this approach is that you will send the spurious
emissions into other parts of the band (the problem with having a narrow
signal in a wide-band application).

Best
Paul

2011/11/23 Justyn Bell jbell...@gmail.com



 On Tue, Nov 22, 2011 at 3:54 PM, Justyn Bell jbell...@gmail.com wrote:

 Hey guys, sorry for the extremely late response.  Although identifying
 and solving USRP problems is great, our focus lies in the project at hand.

 That being said, the responses on here were great.  We tried scaling the
 input signal magnitude and it actually worked very well.  The perplexing
 thing, however, is that the more we scale the magnitude, the better the
 observable spectrum got.  There was no point in which scaling the magnitude
 didn't show at least a little improvement on the spectrum.  I have attached
 the spectrum of our actual P25 waveform with scaling.  Also included in
 that figure (yellow) is a signal captured by the USRP that was transmitted
 using an EF Johnson handset with a P25 waveform installed.  Clearly the EF
 Johnson's spectrum looks the best, and although we didn't try scaling our
 data further than by .0625, the signal decreases in strength.  At some
 point the signal must be too weak to transmit without both compromising the
 SNR and the granularity or resolution of the original signal (if that's
 the appropriate word to use).

 The biggest thing I am considering is this:  we are using a 12.5kHz
 channel on a daughterboard whose range is between 50MHz to 2.2GHz.  Is such
 a narrowband signal on such a wide band board problematic?

 Although the spectrum looks great when scaled, when we actually test our
 waveform from USRP to USRP we still get bit errors.  Again, it's hard to
 say how many because we are utilizing a waveform that is equipped with a
 software vocoder, encryption (small bit errors mean huge losses in packets
 we receive) and forward error correction (should eliminate small bit
 errors).  You can see how it is difficult to track down bit errors, but my
 personal opinion is that with forward error correction and the boxes
 sitting no more than 4 feet away from each other, there are enough errors
 to ruin our encrypted messages, and that's just too much.

 We would very much like to use the very descriptive images you have
 provided in our work, if that's okay with you.


 This is completely fine with all of us here, and thanks again for great
 responses.  With the availability of so many USRPs (did I mention we have 2
 USRP1s with the RFX daughterboards in them?) we can at least narrow things
 down a bit.





 On Fri, Oct 28, 2011 at 5:08 AM, Marcus D. Leech mle...@ripnet.comwrote:



 2011/10/27 Marcus D. Leech mle...@ripnet.com


  Well, that sounds like the lazy solution, intermodulation products
 are bad, so just throwing the transmitter power away is not what I'd
 prefer.


  But what it points to is an *analog* issue, entirely independant of
 the CORDIC (which, as I observe, isn't likely involved in the test cases
   at hand here).

 Analog 

Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] N210, About Decimation Rate

2011-11-24 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Forgot the list :)

The quick answer is:
It's done for you
the formula is:

decimationrate = iround(tick_rate/sample_rate);
where tick_rate = 100e6, and sample_rate is the sample rate you set.

It will only allow accurate matches of the decimation rate, otherwise it
will tell you what sample rate it wants to go at.

Best
Paul

2011/11/24 Sebastian Döring sdoer...@rhrk.uni-kl.de

 Hello List,

 I have a short question about the decimation rate of the USRP N210 :

 Since I know that the decimation rate of the N-Series is supposed to be
 programmable and that one was able to change it using the
 usrp_rx_cfile.py-script, why is this option missing in the UHD-Version of
 this script?

 Regards
 Sebastian


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[Discuss-gnuradio] Simulation of TX_path

2011-11-08 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hello all
In order to simulate the Tx path in the FPGA we need to get a few things
clarified.

How is the interpolation rate chosen with a known Sample rate and
Transmission frequency.
I am using an N210 and i know how the  Interpolations rates are used in 
%root/host/lib/usrp/cores/tx_dsp_core_200.cpp
Where the filters are enabled, but where does it get the interpolation
value from, and what about the interpolation value of the DAC, this is set
to 1 or 4 depending on (freq/tickrate) .

When i select a sample rate and carrier frequency  in GNU radio, what is
the corresponding tick rate, Interpolation rate and DAC settings.
What are the formulas for this, or where precisely can i get this
information?

Futhermore i want to know if the tickrate mentioned in the code is the CLK
signal for the  FPGA  running at 100MHz. This is not clear to me because
this is somehow connected to master clock rate. And this is only
documented as avalible if Hardware changes have been made, see
root/host/include/uhd/usrp/multi_usrp.hpp

We are getting lost in the massive amount of undocumented and uncommented
Verilog and C++ code.

Best
Paul M. B.

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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] USRP N210 Benchmarks.

2011-10-28 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
2011/10/27 Marcus D. Leech mle...@ripnet.com


  Well, that sounds like the lazy solution, intermodulation products are
 bad, so just throwing the transmitter power away is not what I'd prefer.


 But what it points to is an *analog* issue, entirely independant of the
 CORDIC (which, as I observe, isn't likely involved in the test cases
   at hand here).

 Analog gain elements (including DACs) have operating regions over which
 they're linear, and operating regions over which they're not
   linear.  If you drive any amplifier near its maximum operating point, it
 will start to become non-linear to one degree or another.  I'll
   let Matt or one of the other engineering folks at Ettus comment further,
 but I personally am totally unsurprised when things start to
   become non-linear near the nominal maximum operating point.



  Is there any way of finding out what the resolution is? We haven't been
 able to track it down for the RFX2400 board,
 but this sounds like a nice way to test if it _is_ the CORDIC.


 Look at the tune_result_t from tuning:


 http://files.ettus.com/uhd_docs/doxygen/html/structuhd_1_1tune__result__t.html

 If the actual_dsp_freq is 0, then the CORDIC wasn't involved.

 I tuned to an even number of MHz, which on all of the synthesizers *should*
 yield 0 CORDIC frequency.

 But maybe Josh can add a feature to 'uhd_usrp_probe' to display the PLL
 resolution (although in some cases,
   it may change with target frequency range, I think).

 Thank yo very much for this, It is really usefull, and it furthermore
confirms what we have observed.
At 2.4GHz  there is no problems, when we go 300 kHz up, we start seeing the
problems. (see images attached)

This is further collaborated, with the fact that we can find good
frequencies up through the entire band.



  Only problem there is that there is a 55 dB loop back between the in and
 output of the RFX2400 board, so two different radios are needed.

   You're talking about the combined isolation of the two RF switches in
 the path between the TX and RX?  That's adequate attenuation
   for the tests I'm suggesting.

 I think I prefer our measurement equipment at the University



  We have observed this as well, but as described before we do not find
 this to be the correct solution.

 I'm keen to hear what your correct solution is to the problem of
 non-linearity in off-the-shelf analog gain devices.  I suspect the solution
   won't be in the digital domain, but I'm always willing to be surprised.

 I have implemented the cordic in vhdl now, this should reduce the phase
error (which is also mentioned in the pdf you referenced) because of the
ability to increase the CORDIC stages.

I am now just waiting for a Xilinx license.

Best Paul


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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] USRP N210 Benchmarks.

2011-10-27 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hello to you too

At our university we have seen this behaviour as well.
Our setup is a USRP N210 with a 2400 daughterboard into a Rhode  Swartz
spectrum analyzer.
We also get these sidelobes, and if you trawl the archives, you will find
others have as well.

Currently we are working on a theory that it might be the CORDIC algorithm
in the FPGA that causes the disturbance.

I have managed to create Matlab and Python code showing some of the same
characteristics, and am currently working on implementing this into a block,
so that a channel model can be done.

I believe the reason is the way the CORDIC algorithm is implemented.
In the verilog code, there are two hints that it might be written better,
but that it is difficult because of the verilog language.
It is however almost trivial using VHDL, so I am currently considering
rewriting the CORDIC in VHDL, although this will probably not be untill we
have handed in our Masters Thesis (The main object of the thesis is not
correcting possible errors, but documenting their impact).

We would very much like to use the very descriptive images you have provided
in our work, if that's okay with you.

Best Regards
Paul M. Bendixen
Stud. Scient EE


2011/10/26 justynnuff jbell...@gmail.com


 Hello all:

 We have been working on an APCO P25 project at my university, and are
 fortunate enough to have 4 USRP N210's all equipped with the WBX boards.

 As the project has progressed we have accomplished many of our goals.
 However, one thing that has haunted us throughout the entire project is
 transmission from USRP to USRP results in very high bit errors.  We also
 have 2 P25 handsets available and when Tx'ing from a handset and receiving
 from a USRP or Tx'ing from the USRP and receiving from a handset,
 everything
 is fine, we have no perceivable bit errors (we haven't really dug into the
 exact bit error measurements, however, we are working with a DVSI AMBE
 vocoder/FEC, which implies the bit errors are large enough to screw up the
 error correction, which, no matter how you cut it, shouldn't happen with
 two
 USRP's 2 feet from each other).

 So we ran some tests with the 4 USRP's

 We used a two-tone test at +1kHz and -2kHz.  We used GNU Radio and GRC with
 a fairly simple set up that consisted of reading the MATLAB generated
 two-tone sample data using the file source block into the UHD USRP
 sink.
 On the Rx end, it was the same, but reversed.  I have supplied figures of
 the received data, but guessed the GRC setup code isn't necessary.

 In the first figure, we saw that using the same USRP for Tx and switching
 USRP's on the Rx end resulted in very odd data.  In the second, we used
 USRP
 1 to Tx and 2 to Rx (what we believe to be the worst USRP's in the
 bundle)
 and attached them to an external clock.  It can be seen that as far as the
 two tone test goes, the peaks were right on the money.

 Another thing we noted is that by changing the gain on the Tx end, the
 harmonics shown don't scale with the power.  At low power, the harmonics
 are
 far too close to the main peaks, which is worrying (initially we had the
 gain of the USRPs marginally under the maximum gain because we initially
 thought the errors were caused by the RF front end going into some kind of
 saturation state.  From this data we see this isn't the case).  Also of
 note
 is that at the time the first figure was generated, the USRP's were
 approximately 2 feet from each other.  In the latter figure, they were
 about
 5 feet apart.  It is obvious that the harmonics in the second figure are
 higher, relative to the main peaks, than the first.  I don't really have a
 solid question to ask other than is this behavior normal?

 It is apparent that the poor results in the first figure are caused by
 clock
 drift, but the harmonics are also very worrying.  Especially USRP 4 in the
 first figure, which shows a relatively high harmonic right next to the main
 peaks.  Since the time we have sampled the supplied data, we have been
 progressing forward in the project, so we haven't been able to test the P25
 waveform from USRP to USRP, and can't verify that the initial bit error
 problems are alleviated by getting rid of the clock drift, or if they are
 caused by the harmonics.  Is there something we can do to remedy this
 problem, or, again, is this behavior normal?


 http://old.nabble.com/file/p32726685/Rx_DualTone_1.jpg


 http://old.nabble.com/file/p32726685/external_clock_dual_tone.jpg
 --
 View this message in context:
 http://old.nabble.com/USRP-N210-Benchmarks.-tp32726685p32726685.html
 Sent from the GnuRadio mailing list archive at Nabble.com.


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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] USRP N210 Benchmarks.

2011-10-27 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hello

2011/10/27 Marcus D. Leech mle...@ripnet.com


 The attached two_tone flow-graph shows that close-in intermod products

 are sensitive to overall

   signal magnitude settings.  Keep the digitla signal magnitudes lower,

 and the intermod products are

   quite well suppressed.  The flow-graph is setup for a WBX for the

antenna settings.


Well, that sounds like the lazy solution, intermodulation products are bad,
so just throwing the transmitter power away is not what I'd prefer.


  Keep in mind that the CORDIC is used only when the desired target

 frequency is not a multiple of

   the resolution of the PLL synthesizer on whatever daughtercard you're

 using, otherwise the CORDIC

 NCO doesn't do anything to the signal.

Is there any way of finding out what the resolution is? We haven't been able
to track it down for the RFX2400 board,
but this sounds like a nice way to test if it _is_ the CORDIC.


 Connect the TX/RX port to the RX2 port through a 60dB attenuator, so you
  can use the RX side to

 monitor the spectrum of the TX side.  The RX-side bandwidth is set to
 50Khz total, which gives you
  a good close-in view of the spectrum around the +/- 1Khz tones.  Vary
  the digital gain control, and

 observe intermod peaks around the fundamental tones, and observe that
 at digital gains below 0.250,
  the intermod peaks become well suppressed (about 45dB down from the
 fundamental tones).

 Only problem there is that there is a 55 dB loop back between the in and
output of the RFX2400 board, so two different radios are needed.

We have observed this as well, but as described before we do not find this
to be the correct solution.

About the disabling of the CORDIC, I do not currently have a Xilinx ISE
licence, but have instigated measures to get one.
When I (hopefully) do, I will try out both cutting it out and using an
optimized one, written in VHDL.

Best Paul

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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Trouble with multiple installs or how i learned to love make uninstall

2011-10-26 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
So I started today off by doing a make uninstall on the gentoo box. Then I
went hunting.
As it turns out, I had to manually remove 3.5.0git files from a lot of the
locations mentioned in the post concerning the WX Gui problem (
http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/discuss-gnuradio/2011-10/msg00355.html).

After removing these (along with a set of old installation files) i tried
rebuilding. (after git clean -dfx; git pull)

Only error i got was:
.../git/uhd/firmware/zpu/lwip/lwip-1.3.1/src/include/lwip/memp.h:45:
Warning: include file lwip/memp_std.h not found, perhaps you forgot to add
its directory to INCLUDE_PATH?
with some warnings that:
 Warning: explicit link request to 'define' could not be resolved
in the zpu firmware image.

It all works fine now, however due to moving around (i guess) i get a lot of
warnings like:
Error: Connection between gr_interleave_0(0) and blks2_ofdm_mod_0(0) could
not be made.
sink block id blks2_ofdm_mod_0 not in block ids

in gnuradio-companion

When I use the modulation-gmsk it results in the error:
self.blks2_gmsk_mod_0 = blks2.gmsk_mod(
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'gmsk_mod'

which is correct, it is now in digital.

Should this be fixed or are the XML files that grc uses not fully updated?
If so, should the git clean -dfx not have fixed this?

The last example is the same on the xubuntu box (which was installed using
the new build-gnuradio script).

Maybe I should start splitting this out into different mails?

Best
Paul



2011/10/25 Tom Rondeau trondeau1...@gmail.com

 On Tue, Oct 25, 2011 at 12:19 PM, Paul M. Bendixen paulbendi...@gmail.com
  wrote:

 Hello

 It seems it might be a good idea if it were possible to uninstall gnuradio
 propper.

 I currently have two systems faling (hard) using the new build.

 My gentoo box (configured using cmake in another thread)
 gives me the error :
 ImportError: libgruel-3.4.2git.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No
 such file or directory
 Whenever i try
 from gnuradio import digital.

 funny part is: I never succeeded in installing 3.4.2, so I don't blame it
 for not finding it.

 I tried doing a manual ldconfig, but it didn't seem to do the trick.

 On an ubuntu machine (xubuntu to be specific) using the build-gnuradio
 script, most of the digital schemes fails
 due to the reallocation of packets to digital. This includes stuff that
 should be updated.

 Is it possible that the python stuff does not get properly updated and is
 there any way to fix this?

 Downgrading, by adding a git checkout v3.4.2 fixes makes the build run
 fine again.

 On both systems the building of the system is without problems.



 make uninstall does work and removes all of the GNU Radio files from the
 system. The twist that you need to remember is that you have to do it BEFORE
 upgrading to a new version. The 3.5 will try to uninstall it's stuff, which
 will be different from 3.4. So you have to have to run 'make uninstall' when
 you've configured for what's installed on your system. Then you can upgrade
 and shouldn't have any conflicts.

 When you say that you didn't have 3.4.2 installed, do you mean that you
 never installed from master before? For the past few weeks, the master
 branch reflected the 3.4.2, so any installs will have that in their name.

 You did help me find a bug in our cmake install, though. Some of our
 specially-built files are not being removed by uninstall.

 Tom




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[Discuss-gnuradio] Errors of missing modulators in gnuradio-companion

2011-10-26 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Did a little more digging
cd [gitdir]/grc/
find . -name * | xargs grep digital

Returns nothing, on the other hand grepping blks2.gmsk_mod returns:
./Makefile.am: blks2_gmsk_mod.xml \
./block_tree.xml: blockblks2_gmsk_mod/block
./blks2_gmsk_mod.xml: keyblks2_gmsk_mod/key
./blks2_gmsk_mod.xml: makeblks2.gmsk_mod(

In other words: the XML structure of the grc that has to do with anything
moved to digital must be updated, before 3.5 can be compared to a stable
environment.

XML has never been my strong suit, so I won't start looking into it.
Furthermore some of the blocks have changed input parameters (e.g.
gmsk_demod).

Perhaps merging next into master was a little premature?

Best regards
Paul
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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Errors of missing modulators in gnuradio-companion

2011-10-26 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Thanks, building now

Just one thing, shouldn't the xml files go into /gr-digital/grc/ like the
other blocks instead of /gr-digital all by them selves?

Will get back to you on how it went.

Best
Paul

2011/10/26 Tom Rondeau trondeau1...@gmail.com

 The master branch has been updated with the fixes to the GRC blocks.

 Thanks again for the reports!

 Tom




 On Wed, Oct 26, 2011 at 7:55 AM, Tom Rondeau trondeau1...@gmail.comwrote:

 On Wed, Oct 26, 2011 at 7:49 AM, Paul M. Bendixen paulbendi...@gmail.com
  wrote:

 Did a little more digging
 cd [gitdir]/grc/
 find . -name * | xargs grep digital

 Returns nothing, on the other hand grepping blks2.gmsk_mod returns:
 ./Makefile.am: blks2_gmsk_mod.xml \
 ./block_tree.xml: blockblks2_gmsk_mod/block
 ./blks2_gmsk_mod.xml: keyblks2_gmsk_mod/key
 ./blks2_gmsk_mod.xml: makeblks2.gmsk_mod(



 Fixing these now. About to push the patch.



 In other words: the XML structure of the grc that has to do with anything
 moved to digital must be updated, before 3.5 can be compared to a stable
 environment.

 XML has never been my strong suit, so I won't start looking into it.
 Furthermore some of the blocks have changed input parameters (e.g.
 gmsk_demod).

 Perhaps merging next into master was a little premature?

 Best regards
 Paul


 I don't think so at all. The problem is there are no automated test for
 this kind of stuff, and there's a lot of code that's of concern here. The
 only way we could get these kinds of error reports was to get the real users
 of GNU Radio to test them. These problems have been around in the old 'next'
 branch for a while, but without being used, there was no way for us to get
 these kinds of bug reports that is allowing us to fix them.

 In other words, I really appreciate you checking these things out and
 reporting the errors. This is also why we have stable releases. For people
 who have environments where stability is a concern, they should stick with
 the releases.

 I went through and checked the GRC blocks against everything I moved into
 gr-digital, so hopefully there is nothing left that I missed. I wonder if we
 can make a piece of automatic test code that would try to load each of the
 GRC XML blocks and report an error if it can't be loaded properly?

 Thanks! Let me know if you find anything else.

 Tom





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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Errors of missing modulators in gnuradio-companion

2011-10-26 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Compiling done.

So a grep for blocks that are only in digital in the grc files showed that
mpsk_sync_cc and cvsd_decode and encode are still missing.

Oh, and a minor glitch: it seems that putting the blocks in gr-digital
instead of gr-digital/grc made it disappear from grc's view (at least with
the new build it's nowhere to be found).
During startup, the following warnings pop up:
Warning: Block key digital_gmskmod_bc not found when loading category
tree.
Warning: Block key digital_cpmmod_bc not found when loading category tree.
Warning: Block key digital_gmsk_mod not found when loading category tree.
Warning: Block key digital_gmsk_demod not found when loading category
tree.

cpmmod_bc however is in the right place, so I can't comment on that.

Best
Paul

2011/10/26 Paul M. Bendixen paulbendi...@gmail.com

 Thanks, building now

 Just one thing, shouldn't the xml files go into /gr-digital/grc/ like the
 other blocks instead of /gr-digital all by them selves?

 Will get back to you on how it went.

 Best
 Paul

 2011/10/26 Tom Rondeau trondeau1...@gmail.com

 The master branch has been updated with the fixes to the GRC blocks.

 Thanks again for the reports!

 Tom




 On Wed, Oct 26, 2011 at 7:55 AM, Tom Rondeau trondeau1...@gmail.comwrote:

 On Wed, Oct 26, 2011 at 7:49 AM, Paul M. Bendixen 
 paulbendi...@gmail.com wrote:

 Did a little more digging
 cd [gitdir]/grc/
 find . -name * | xargs grep digital

 Returns nothing, on the other hand grepping blks2.gmsk_mod returns:
 ./Makefile.am: blks2_gmsk_mod.xml \
 ./block_tree.xml: blockblks2_gmsk_mod/block
 ./blks2_gmsk_mod.xml: keyblks2_gmsk_mod/key
 ./blks2_gmsk_mod.xml: makeblks2.gmsk_mod(



 Fixing these now. About to push the patch.



 In other words: the XML structure of the grc that has to do with
 anything moved to digital must be updated, before 3.5 can be compared to a
 stable environment.

 XML has never been my strong suit, so I won't start looking into it.
 Furthermore some of the blocks have changed input parameters (e.g.
 gmsk_demod).

 Perhaps merging next into master was a little premature?

 Best regards
 Paul


 I don't think so at all. The problem is there are no automated test for
 this kind of stuff, and there's a lot of code that's of concern here. The
 only way we could get these kinds of error reports was to get the real users
 of GNU Radio to test them. These problems have been around in the old 'next'
 branch for a while, but without being used, there was no way for us to get
 these kinds of bug reports that is allowing us to fix them.

 In other words, I really appreciate you checking these things out and
 reporting the errors. This is also why we have stable releases. For people
 who have environments where stability is a concern, they should stick with
 the releases.

 I went through and checked the GRC blocks against everything I moved into
 gr-digital, so hopefully there is nothing left that I missed. I wonder if we
 can make a piece of automatic test code that would try to load each of the
 GRC XML blocks and report an error if it can't be loaded properly?

 Thanks! Let me know if you find anything else.

 Tom





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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Errors of missing modulators in gnuradio-companion

2011-10-26 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
2011/10/26 Tom Rondeau trondeau1...@gmail.com


 Yes, they are supposed to be in gr-digital/grc. That was just unbelievably
 stupid of me. This is why you should never commit before breakfast! I also
 didn't properly put these new ones into the Makefiles.

 This has been fixed. I was in a rush to get out the door this morning and
 wasn't thinking clearly. Was such a simple thing to do, too

 Tom


 Yes, it looks fine now, it even runs :)
Only one little hitch left:
During startup of gnuradio-companion it declares:
Warning: Block key digital_gmsk_demod not found when loading category
tree.
The other warnings have disappeared, but this one remains. Worst part is
that the file is there and is in the CMakeList.txt as well.

I'm really stumped here. I made uninstall and deleted the appropriate
folders, but to no avail.
I really can't see why it is doing this to me.

Oh well, off to bed, maybe the answer will be clear tomorrow.

Best
Paul




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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Another Building on Mac OS X

2011-10-26 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hello Rickard

You could try building using cmake?
if you can do cmake-gui, you should see where to put the path to your swig
at the bottom, perhaps configuring this explicitly helps?

Best
Paul

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[Discuss-gnuradio] Editing Wiki

2011-10-25 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hi

So now the build works fine with cmake on my gentoo box.
I want to give back all the good advice I have received here, so I go to
make a gnuradio.org profile.
However I can't see where to edit the wiki entry for build instructions on
gentoo.

Could somebody give me a hint?

Best
Paul

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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Editing Wiki

2011-10-25 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hello Martin

2011/10/25 Martin Braun martin.br...@kit.edu

 On Tue, Oct 25, 2011 at 01:05:55PM +0200, Paul M. Bendixen wrote:
  Hi
 
  So now the build works fine with cmake on my gentoo box.
 
  I want to give back all the good advice I have received here, so I go to
 make a
  gnuradio.org profile.
 
  However I can't see where to edit the wiki entry for build instructions
 on
  gentoo.
 
  Could somebody give me a hint?



Hi Paul,

 you launch the Start Page and Go 'Build Guide', and there, under
 'Operating System Specific Instructions', is a link for Gentoo.
 Alternatively, enter 'Gentoo' in the search box and it's an immediate
 hit.

 I recently restructured the Wiki, hoping to make these things easier to
 find by creating fairly obvious paths to all relevant pages. Could you
 give me some feedback on what confused you in finding this page? I
 thought it's fairly obvious, but perhaps it can still be improved.

 MB


As you can read from the original message, I found the page fine. However I
want to edit it, in order for it to reflect the changes done in the newest
release (using cmake).

However, I can't find anywhere to edit the text once i found the page.
Could you tell me how I can do this?

Best
Paul

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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Editing Wiki

2011-10-25 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Thank you and you're welcome

2011/10/25 Martin Braun martin.br...@kit.edu

 On Tue, Oct 25, 2011 at 02:16:24PM +0200, Paul M. Bendixen wrote:
  Hello Martin
 
 
  As you can read from the original message, I found the page fine. However
 I
  want to edit it, in order for it to reflect the changes done in the
 newest
  release (using cmake).
 
 
  However, I can't find anywhere to edit the text once i found the page.
 
  Could you tell me how I can do this?

 Hi Paul,

 there's a guest account (guest:gnuradio). Thanks for updating the wiki
 pages!

 MB


 --
 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
 Communications Engineering Lab (CEL)

 Dipl.-Ing. Martin Braun
 Research Associate

 Kaiserstraße 12
 Building 05.01
 76131 Karlsruhe

 Phone: +49 721 608-43790
 Fax: +49 721 608-46071
 www.cel.kit.edu

 KIT -- University of the State of Baden-Württemberg and
 National Laboratory of the Helmholtz Association


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Paul

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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Editing Wiki

2011-10-25 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hello Tom

I did register, and couldn't edit. Which is why i wrote the mail in the
first place.
After logging in as guest, It worked like a charm.

I am however experiencing some new troubles, but more about that later.

Best Paul

2011/10/25 Tom Rondeau trondeau1...@gmail.com

 On Tue, Oct 25, 2011 at 9:01 AM, Paul M. Bendixen 
 paulbendi...@gmail.comwrote:

 Thank you and you're welcome


 Paul, you should be able to create an account by using the Register
 button at the top right. This will give you wiki editing privileges. Of
 course, if you don't mind using the guest account, that always works, too.

 Thanks for contributing!

 Tom



 2011/10/25 Martin Braun martin.br...@kit.edu

  On Tue, Oct 25, 2011 at 02:16:24PM +0200, Paul M. Bendixen wrote:
  Hello Martin
 
 
  As you can read from the original message, I found the page fine.
 However I
  want to edit it, in order for it to reflect the changes done in the
 newest
  release (using cmake).
 
 
  However, I can't find anywhere to edit the text once i found the page.
 
  Could you tell me how I can do this?

 Hi Paul,

 there's a guest account (guest:gnuradio). Thanks for updating the wiki
 pages!

 MB


 --
 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
 Communications Engineering Lab (CEL)

 Dipl.-Ing. Martin Braun
 Research Associate

 Kaiserstraße 12
 Building 05.01
 76131 Karlsruhe

 Phone: +49 721 608-43790
 Fax: +49 721 608-46071
 www.cel.kit.edu

 KIT -- University of the State of Baden-Württemberg and
 National Laboratory of the Helmholtz Association


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[Discuss-gnuradio] Trouble with multiple installs or how i learned to love make uninstall

2011-10-25 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hello

It seems it might be a good idea if it were possible to uninstall gnuradio
propper.

I currently have two systems faling (hard) using the new build.

My gentoo box (configured using cmake in another thread)
gives me the error :
ImportError: libgruel-3.4.2git.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such
file or directory
Whenever i try
from gnuradio import digital.

funny part is: I never succeeded in installing 3.4.2, so I don't blame it
for not finding it.

I tried doing a manual ldconfig, but it didn't seem to do the trick.

On an ubuntu machine (xubuntu to be specific) using the build-gnuradio
script, most of the digital schemes fails
due to the reallocation of packets to digital. This includes stuff that
should be updated.

Is it possible that the python stuff does not get properly updated and is
there any way to fix this?

Downgrading, by adding a git checkout v3.4.2 fixes makes the build run
fine again.

On both systems the building of the system is without problems.

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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] New build structure! (Warning #2)

2011-10-24 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hi again

2011/10/20 Josh Blum j...@joshknows.com


 [snip]
 You need to clean your source directory. This file should not exist:
 /home/expert/skole/speciale/GnuRadio/git/volk/include/volk/volk.h:7:29:
 error: volk/volk_config.h: Ingen sådan fil eller filkatalog

 Can you git clean -dfx and try again?

 Done

Seems like that helped, at least volk now compiles :)
A lot of warnings about comparing signed and unsigned types though ;)

I also tried pulling the latest version from git, however, it said something
about 'next' not being a valid reference.
(perhaps I should try a fetch seeing as I don't really change the code)

Best
Paul

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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] New build structure! (Warning #2)

2011-10-20 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
Hi happy to hear it, autotools were complaining about old syntax on my
machine

Using gentoo (not too heavily updated I'm afraid) and not succeding

Configuring using cmake went well, but compiling didn't, already at first
stop volk (that I'm not entirely sure i need) a _lot_ of errors occured.
To be more specific, more than my shell history could take.



2011/10/20 Tom Rondeau trondeau1...@gmail.com

 [snip]
 $ cd gnuradio
 $ git checkout next
 $ git pull
 $ mkdir build
 $ cd build
 $ cmake ../

Up to here it went well

 $ make

This fails already at volk

 $ make test
 $ sudo make install

 Is there any way to disable parts such as volk? (akin to --disable-volk
that doesn't seem to work)

The errors seems to be syntax errors in volk. Errors include:

In file included from
/home/expert/skole/speciale/GnuRadio/git/build/volk/lib/volk.c:6:
/home/expert/skole/speciale/GnuRadio/git/build/volk/lib/volk_machines.h:20:
fejl: expected ':', ',', ';', '}' or '__attribute__' before
'volk_16i_branch_4_state_8_a_archs'
 (the first one, fejl means error in danish)

Any other outputs I can provide to help, just ask.



 Again, if that fails but you really need to use the current next branch,
 the same autotools build process will work. Please let us know if you find
 any issues.

 Thanks, I'll just checkout master again ;)

Best
Paul M. Bendixen

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Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] I hate Unity

2011-10-18 Thread Paul M. Bendixen
I have had no problems installing Gnu Radio under Kubuntu.
If you already have a potent machine, try that. It gives the added bonus of
being much prettier than Gnome ;)

Best Regards
Paul M. Bendixen

2011/10/17 Ben Hilburn b...@ettus.com

 N.B.: What follows is obviously all opinion:

 I can't stand Unity, and the default settings for Gnome 3 drove me nuts.

 If you are willing to put the effort in, you can install a bunch of
 extensions that will make it at least approach the usability of Gnome 2.

 I recommend:
 http://intgat.tigress.co.uk/rmy/extensions/gnome32.html
 http://www.webupd8.org/2011/10/official-gnome-shell-extensions.html

 After installing, restart Gnome, and then use the 'Advanced Settings' menu
 (which is actually a shortcut to the tool Bob mentioned, gnome-tweak-tool)
 to enable the extensions you want.

 I was able to almost achieve what I had in Gnome 2 by doing this - although
 there are still some annoyances.

 I really don't understand why Gnome3 took this giant step backwards, and
 Canonical took Ubuntu even further backwards with Unity.

 Cheers,
 Ben

 On Mon, Oct 17, 2011 at 11:10 AM, Vincenzo Pellegrini 
 wwvi...@gmail.comwrote:

 Just a couple of lines to cast my ballot in favor of Bob's complaint.

 I had the same reaction in response to Fedora 15 reception of the Gnome3
 thing.
 That stuff does move too far away from the power-user-desktop concept I've
 been enjoying for several years as a developer.

 Also I'm a bit frustrated to have to go after that load of tweaks in
 order to get a freshly installed system usable.

 my best regards to everybody there

 vince


 2011/10/17 Alexandru Csete oz9...@gmail.com

 On Mon, Oct 17, 2011 at 7:28 PM, Tom Rondeau trondeau1...@gmail.com
 wrote:
  On Mon, Oct 17, 2011 at 10:39 AM, Robert McGwier rwmcgw...@gmail.com
  wrote:
 
  Install gnome-tweak-tools to get advanced settings for gnome to be
 able to
  get your favorite settings after you install gnome-shell.
 
  On Mon, Oct 17, 2011 at 10:04 AM, Robert McGwier rwmcgw...@gmail.com
 
  wrote:
 
 
 
 http://tombuntu.com/index.php/2011/10/03/install-gnome-shell-in-ubuntu-11-10/
 
  --
  Bob McGwier
  Facebook: N4HYBob
  ARS: N4HY
 
  Or do what I did: apt-get install gnome-session-fallback and switch to
 Gnome
  Classic Mode at the login screen. Removes Unity.
  I haven't heard anyone say a good thing about Unity. It's an awful
  environment to develop under. The first thing I do in Ubuntu now is
 stop
  using it.
  I'm now shopping around for another Linux distro if they keep going
 this
  way.
  Tom

 On Ubuntu 11.04 I have installed Xfce desktop ( http://www.xfce.org/ )
 - it is available via the package manager (or by installing xubuntu
 instead of regular ubuntu). It is similar to Gnome 2 and is very
 lightweight.

 Alex

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