Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
FWIW: I see that regularly, in short bursts. Midday, just watching 80 while otherwise occupied, those multiple very narrow carriers come up for anywhere from a few seconds to a minute or two, and then disappear. Oddly, but thankfully, I'm not plagued with SMPS type noise ... well, except when I was trying to work TX5S. I don't know what the carriers are from but they look like a steady CW carrier, not noise. Any email list on mailman.qth.net will strip all but plain ASCII text. Emails sent in HTML likewise. It's not Elecraft censoring anything, just the way the email list software is built. 73, Fred ["Skip"] K6DGW Sparks NV DM09dn Washoe County Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote on 4/5/2024 12:59 PM: The screen shot of the noise is posted on QRZ.com. This link will get you there. https://forums.qrz.com/index.php?threads/noise-reduction-resources.908913/ On 4/2/2024 20:36, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: Thanks to those answering my request for noise reduction sources/sites. Several pointed out the distinction between heterodynes originating in the receiver and noise external to the receiver. I was careless in the wording of my original post for which I apologize. Since a picture is worth many words, I'm included a screen shot of my panadapter tuned to 15m [see below] with the "noise" spikes clearly pictured. I have not tried the house shut down with the radio operating off a battery. Other time demands, but will do so shortly. I'm sure that will be informative. Interesting that the spikes occur only in the vicinity of 15m. They gradually diminish outside 15m until they are completely gone by 20.000 and 22.000 MHz. ...robert KE2WY -- This email has been checked for viruses by AVG antivirus software. www.avg.com __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
Jim, Nice reference! kurtt WB9FMC On 4/5/24 16:11, Jim Brown wrote: On 4/5/2024 12:59 PM, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: The screen shot of the noise is posted on QRZ.com. This link will get you there. https://forums.qrz.com/index.php?threads/noise-reduction-resources.908913/ The thin vertical lines look like they're coming from some piece of electronics with a stable clock. The humps of noise around 21050 and above 21060 look like two different switch-mode power supplies. A wider span and longer time waterfall are more useful for classifying the type of thing generating noise. Study the applications note in the link below. http://k9yc.com/KillingReceiveNoise.pdf 73, Jim K9YC __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to ku...@pinrod.com __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
Robert, Hum... About every 3 kc... Do they drift? I'd say that the "pull-the-plug" method of troubleshooting might yield interesting results. Maybe a washing machine or dryer or some other appliance. At least, that'd be my uneducated guess! Hope you find it! kurtt WB9FMC On 4/5/24 14:59, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: The screen shot of the noise is posted on QRZ.com. This link will get you there. https://forums.qrz.com/index.php?threads/noise-reduction-resources.908913/ On 4/2/2024 20:36, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: Thanks to those answering my request for noise reduction sources/sites. Several pointed out the distinction between heterodynes originating in the receiver and noise external to the receiver. I was careless in the wording of my original post for which I apologize. Since a picture is worth many words, I'm included a screen shot of my panadapter tuned to 15m [see below] with the "noise" spikes clearly pictured. I have not tried the house shut down with the radio operating off a battery. Other time demands, but will do so shortly. I'm sure that will be informative. Interesting that the spikes occur only in the vicinity of 15m. They gradually diminish outside 15m until they are completely gone by 20.000 and 22.000 MHz. ...robert KE2WY __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
On 4/5/2024 12:59 PM, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: The screen shot of the noise is posted on QRZ.com. This link will get you there. https://forums.qrz.com/index.php?threads/noise-reduction-resources.908913/ The thin vertical lines look like they're coming from some piece of electronics with a stable clock. The humps of noise around 21050 and above 21060 look like two different switch-mode power supplies. A wider span and longer time waterfall are more useful for classifying the type of thing generating noise. Study the applications note in the link below. http://k9yc.com/KillingReceiveNoise.pdf 73, Jim K9YC __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
The screen shot of the noise is posted on QRZ.com. This link will get you there. https://forums.qrz.com/index.php?threads/noise-reduction-resources.908913/ On 4/2/2024 20:36, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: Thanks to those answering my request for noise reduction sources/sites. Several pointed out the distinction between heterodynes originating in the receiver and noise external to the receiver. I was careless in the wording of my original post for which I apologize. Since a picture is worth many words, I'm included a screen shot of my panadapter tuned to 15m [see below] with the "noise" spikes clearly pictured. I have not tried the house shut down with the radio operating off a battery. Other time demands, but will do so shortly. I'm sure that will be informative. Interesting that the spikes occur only in the vicinity of 15m. They gradually diminish outside 15m until they are completely gone by 20.000 and 22.000 MHz. ...robert KE2WY -- Robert G. Strickland, PhD ABPH KE2WY rc...@verizon.net Syracuse, New York FN13xa __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
Elecraft's own list is for support of ALL their products. Some guys wanted a list dedicated to the K3, so started their own. That's the groups.io list. There's another groups.io list dedicated to the K4. Elecraft is NOT doing censorship, it's simply a text only list, because they started it 25+ years ago. I started reading it in 2003 when I bought a used K2. I'm not aware of them ever censoring anything. Indeed, the two owners of the company read their list every day and have been known to chime in to solve problems. Several times over the years, I've seen Wayne or Eric get involved to solve problems with guys on remote DXpeditions. WE6R is one of several hams who work on a service bench there. He's been reading the kK3 list for a year or two. I think Wayne and/or Eric might browse it now and then. I live about 20 miles from Elecraft, so know these guys and several others. 73, Jim K9YC On 4/5/2024 12:30 PM, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: Jim... How am I to understand the inclusion [screen shot] in the message from Jim W7RY on 4/3/24 concerning a micro controller in the K2? His message involves groups.io which may explain the difference. I still don't understand the relationship between the groups.io list and the Elecraft list. Being somehow different may make it possible to start an email with screen shot on groups.io that ports to the Elecraft list without the latter's censorship. Thanks for your time helping me out. ...robert KE2WY On 4/4/2024 03:04, Jim Brown wrote: On 4/3/2024 6:44 PM, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: Jim, does that include attachments? No attachments. Elecraft started this reflector at least 25 years ago. That's how reflectors were in those days, and many of the old ones still exist. There are several hosted at contesting.com that are still running, and that are plain text. They date from the '90s at least. Plain text. 73, Jim K9YC __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to rc...@verizon.net __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
Jim... How am I to understand the inclusion [screen shot] in the message from Jim W7RY on 4/3/24 concerning a micro controller in the K2? His message involves groups.io which may explain the difference. I still don't understand the relationship between the groups.io list and the Elecraft list. Being somehow different may make it possible to start an email with screen shot on groups.io that ports to the Elecraft list without the latter's censorship. Thanks for your time helping me out. ...robert KE2WY On 4/4/2024 03:04, Jim Brown wrote: On 4/3/2024 6:44 PM, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: Jim, does that include attachments? No attachments. Elecraft started this reflector at least 25 years ago. That's how reflectors were in those days, and many of the old ones still exist. There are several hosted at contesting.com that are still running, and that are plain text. They date from the '90s at least. Plain text. 73, Jim K9YC __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to rc...@verizon.net -- Robert G. Strickland, PhD ABPH KE2WY rc...@verizon.net Syracuse, New York FN13xa __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
Robert,
May I suggest QRZ.com, where they /do/ allow images... {'-)
k WB9FMC
On 4/2/24 15:36, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote:
Thanks to those answering my request for noise reduction
sources/sites. Several pointed out the distinction between heterodynes
originating in the receiver and noise external to the receiver. I was
careless in the wording of my original post for which I apologize.
Since a picture is worth many words, I'm included a screen shot of my
panadapter tuned to 15m [see below] with the "noise" spikes clearly
pictured. I have not tried the house shut down with the radio
operating off a battery. Other time demands, but will do so shortly.
I'm sure that will be informative. Interesting that the spikes occur
only in the vicinity of 15m. They gradually diminish outside 15m until
they are completely gone by 20.000 and 22.000 MHz.
...robert KE2WY
__
Elecraft mailing list
Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
On 4/3/2024 6:44 PM, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: Jim, does that include attachments? No attachments. Elecraft started this reflector at least 25 years ago. That's how reflectors were in those days, and many of the old ones still exist. There are several hosted at contesting.com that are still running, and that are plain text. They date from the '90s at least. Plain text. 73, Jim K9YC __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
Jim, does that include attachments? ...robert KE2WY On 4/2/2024 22:09, Jim Brown wrote: On 4/2/2024 1:45 PM, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: let;s try again w/ pic. This reflector is plain text only. It rejects everything else, including formatted text. 73, Jim K9YC __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to rc...@verizon.net -- Robert G. Strickland, PhD ABPH KE2WY rc...@verizon.net Syracuse, New York FN13xa __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
On 4/2/2024 1:45 PM, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: let;s try again w/ pic. This reflector is plain text only. It rejects everything else, including formatted text. 73, Jim K9YC __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
[Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
You can re-post as many times as you like but this stone-age reflector will discard any images you attempt to share. One solution is the put the image file in drop box, or similar, and share the link. Andy, k3wyc __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
let;s try again w/ pic. On 4/2/2024 20:36, Robert Strickland via Elecraft wrote: Thanks to those answering my request for noise reduction sources/sites. Several pointed out the distinction between heterodynes originating in the receiver and noise external to the receiver. I was careless in the wording of my original post for which I apologize. Since a picture is worth many words, I'm included a screen shot of my panadapter tuned to 15m [see below] with the "noise" spikes clearly pictured. I have not tried the house shut down with the radio operating off a battery. Other time demands, but will do so shortly. I'm sure that will be informative. Interesting that the spikes occur only in the vicinity of 15m. They gradually diminish outside 15m until they are completely gone by 20.000 and 22.000 MHz. ...robert KE2WY -- Robert G. Strickland, PhD ABPH KE2WY rc...@verizon.net Syracuse, New York FN13xa __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
Thanks to those answering my request for noise reduction sources/sites. Several pointed out the distinction between heterodynes originating in the receiver and noise external to the receiver. I was careless in the wording of my original post for which I apologize. Since a picture is worth many words, I'm included a screen shot of my panadapter tuned to 15m [see below] with the "noise" spikes clearly pictured. I have not tried the house shut down with the radio operating off a battery. Other time demands, but will do so shortly. I'm sure that will be informative. Interesting that the spikes occur only in the vicinity of 15m. They gradually diminish outside 15m until they are completely gone by 20.000 and 22.000 MHz. ...robert KE2WY -- Robert G. Strickland, PhD ABPH KE2WY rc...@verizon.net Syracuse, New York FN13xa __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
Re: [Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
Hi Robert, You've used the term 'receiver noise', but specifically mentioned heterodynes and harmonics as being of concern. All receivers, Elecraft not excluded, have internal spurious signals generated in the VFO and BFO circuits as well as clocks for digital circuits in the radio. The best way to identify internal spurious signals is to remove the antenna(s) from the radio, terminate the antenna ports in 50 ohm dummy loads, and then carefully sweep the bands of concern to see if anything is audible. Internal spurs will typically be insensitive to front-end gain/attenuation settings, but may vary in strength with IF gain controls (e.g., the K2 has IF gain control even though labeled as RF gain). If you have a second, different radio, try the same experiment and see if the spurious carriers are replicated on it. Switch-mode power converters are ubiquitous these days and generate buzzy, drifting harmonics of the switching frequency. Turn off power to your entire house, power your radio from a battery source, and see if you still hear such signals. Finding these sources is easy, if a bit time consuming, once you've determined they're on your local AC circuits. Ethernet signaling is long understood to generate clock/data signals that are audible in the ham bands. These signals can be identified once found on the receiver by turning off (including any UPS-powered) routers/switches that use Ethernet cabling. Dave, NK7Z, has a nice tutorial on methods to identify RFI sources generally: https://www.nk7z.net/category/info/rfi-mitigation/i-have-rfi-series/ It sounds like you've done the good work of grounding and bonding, which can help with self-induced RFI (ask me how I know!), but it won't address RFI sources such as internal spurs in the radio or the other predominant sources cited above. 73, Mike, K8CN __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
[Elecraft] (ot) noise reduction resources
I'd appreciate any info on sites/resources to help with receiver noise mitigation. I'm especially interested in identifying the source of heterodynes and harmonics that appear on some bands but not others. 15m seems to be particularly vulnerable. I'm familiar with W9YC's papers on this topic [very good]. The station here is all Elecraft and pretty well bonded and grounded. Thanks in advance. ...robert KE2WY -- Robert G. Strickland, PhD ABPH KE2WY rc...@verizon.net Syracuse, New York FN13xa __ Elecraft mailing list Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html Message delivered to arch...@mail-archive.com
[Elecraft] OT: Noise Reduction (NR) in FM Mode
Yeah, it's been all too many years, but hard limiters were not used in many designs and no FM detector is completely immune to noise. It brings back memories of just how loud and strong ignition impulse noise used to be back in the 50's before anyone did anything to suppress it! Used to roar through on 2 meter AM in the home station from cars hundreds of yards away at times! I was kidding about Motorola/ Working in land mobile with E.F. Johnson equipment, "Motorola" was always in our sights ;-) We did very well in the San Francisco area because we did have superior repeater sites. The Motorola gear was very good stuff as was the E.F. Johnson. Ron AC7AC -Original Message- From: Bob Tellefsen [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, June 05, 2008 10:36 PM To: Ron D'Eau Claire; elecraft@mailman.qth.net Subject: Re: [Elecraft] K3: Noise Reduction (NR) in FM Mode That could be, Ron. I remember when GE had it in their radio, and we didn't, it soon showed up so we could compete in bids. I imagine the bid process drove that more than any actual need :-) 73, Bob N6WG ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] OT: Noise Reduction?
It's doubtful you will be able to do this without some digital processing involved. You need to sample the signal and then apply adaptive digital filtering with the ability to decern between noise and voice signals. What you're asking is a very complicated thing to do. Analogue will give you filtering but will not be able to get rid of all the noise since noise itself is a complex waveform. If you want to try a noise gate, you may get some success. Several used Behringer gear found on ebay have noise gates for not alot of money. To some extent, DSP can do what you're asking as long as the noise is not really strong. Then again, DSP will reduce the noise by the amount of Noise Reduction capable within the unit. I think what you're trying to do is build an adaptive squelch. There are people working on this very concept right now. Regards, Robert VE3RPF Martin wrote: Hello elecrafters, i am looking for a device to reduce/eliminate the noise of a 2m ssb-receiver. What the circuit should do: Reduce (or eliminate) the noise of the rx when no signal is present, like a squelch, but much faster. It should be an analog device, not a dsp-device. It should be external ( e.g. input from the receiverŽs headphone jack). Background: A friend of mine runs a transponder 144Mhz ssb -> 432Mhz fm. The fun with ssb input and fm output is that 2 or more persons can have a conference like on the telephone. There is no interference (whistles when 2 signals present) like on fm , because there is no carrier in ssb. We would like to eliminate or reduce the noise in the pauses. I heard that musicians use a so called ŽnoisegateŽ, but could not find any circuit on the web. Any ideas anyone? Lyle Johnson? -- Best regards, Martin K2 #2706 mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com -- No virus found in this outgoing message. Checked by AVG Anti-Virus. Version: 7.0.296 / Virus Database: 265.5.1 - Release Date: 12/13/2004 ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] OT: Noise Reduction?
Hello elecrafters, i am looking for a device to reduce/eliminate the noise of a 2m ssb-receiver. What the circuit should do: Reduce (or eliminate) the noise of the rx when no signal is present, like a squelch, but much faster. It should be an analog device, not a dsp-device. It should be external ( e.g. input from the receiverŽs headphone jack). Background: A friend of mine runs a transponder 144Mhz ssb -> 432Mhz fm. The fun with ssb input and fm output is that 2 or more persons can have a conference like on the telephone. There is no interference (whistles when 2 signals present) like on fm , because there is no carrier in ssb. We would like to eliminate or reduce the noise in the pauses. I heard that musicians use a so called ŽnoisegateŽ, but could not find any circuit on the web. Any ideas anyone? Lyle Johnson? -- Best regards, Martin K2 #2706 mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
