[geo] Restoring Ecosystems to Reverse Global Warming - Crowdfunding Campaign!

['Adam Sacks' via geoengineering]

  
  

Hi All -

I hope this crowdfunding request is an acceptable use of our
interesting and thoughtful list.  Please let me know if you have
any objections - I do think the information and effort are
relevant.
  

If you wouldn't mind, please send the e-mail below far and wide
and donate if you can.  Feel free to change it to suit your
style for the person or listserve you're
addressing it to, or just send it as is.
 
Many thanks!
 
Adam
 
=
 
Dear
Friends -
 
Here’s some good news
about climate, at
long last:
 
We can reverse
  global warming!
 
How?  By using
eco-restoration and
the extraordinary power of nature (garden-variety
photosynthesis, no high-tech
tweaks) to pull carbon out of the atmosphere and bury it deep in
the soils,
worldwide. Emissions reductions are essential but they are not
working fast
enough - we have to do something else.  
 
And you can help!
 
Please donate to
Biodiversity for a
Livable Climate’s Crowdfunding campaign.  These funds will help
pay for our
exciting and ground-breaking November conference at Tufts
University in the
Boston area, Restoring Ecosystems to Reverse Global
Warming.
 
Expert scientists, land
managers,
activists and the concerned public will join in discussions that
can lead to
workable solutions to the climate crisis.  It’s a new and
essential
climate conversation, a paradigm shift for effective action.
 Sound too
good to be true?  Well, it’s both good and true!  So
please -
forward this e-mail to your friends, family, acquaintances and
e-lists - to
anyone concerned about preserving a livable climate.  
 
This is the best deal on
earth - and
there’s no time to lose.  Please
donate
  today, pass the word far and wide, and attend the
conference if you
can!
 
Yours in a bountiful
future, for all
species - and people too,
 
Adam
 
==
 
Adam D. Sacks
Executive Director
Biodiversity for a Livable Climate
A 501(c)(3) non-profit
organization
adam.sa...@bio4climate.org
 






  




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Re: [geo] Open : A review of ocean color remote sensing methods and statistical techniques for the detection, mapping and analysis of phytoplankton blooms in coastal and open oceans

[Fred Zimmerman]

Many interesting developments in here.

1) We're getting better at real time observation of algal blooms thanks to
multi sensor multi band and multi platform devices (ARGO + satellite is a
potent combination) but not there yet.

2) Of particular note for the geoengineering community is the importance of
supporting long-term decadal planning to ensure continuity of global remote
sensing services:

[there was a]10-year gap between CZCS and SeaWiFS
> (Fig. 4). This lack of data affected the possibility of answering many
> environmental questions, one of which was whether the volcanic
> eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991 caused large
> phytoplankton blooms. The 10 cubic kilometers of material ejected
> by Mount Pinatubo contained trace metals (Gabrielli et al., 2008),
> especially iron, that were spread by the winds over the world’s
> oceans. These atmospheric depositions are likely to have generated
> large-scale phytoplankton blooms, but no ocean color satellite records
> for those events exist.


Continuity of the global satellite record cannot be taken for granted and
in fact is regularly imperiled everytime a satellite fails or a mission is
delayed or cancelled.  It would be good if some of the visionaries and
venture capitalists who watch this space threw their weight behind backing
civil scientific space missions.  Without the satellite record for climate
science, geoengineering is guessing in the dark.
ᐧ

On Tue, Sep 30, 2014 at 4:33 AM, Andrew Lockley 
wrote:

> Poster's note : useful for OIF monitoring
>
>
> http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S007966111420?_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_origin=gateway&_docanchor=&md5=b8429449ccfc9c30159a5f9aeaa92ffb&ccp=y
>
> Progress in Oceanography
> April 2014, Vol.123:123–144, doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2013.12.008
> Open Access,
>
> A review of ocean color remote sensing methods and statistical techniques
> for the detection, mapping and analysis of phytoplankton blooms in coastal
> and open oceans
>
> David Blondeau-Patissier
> James F.R. Gower
> Vittorio E. Brando
>
> Abstract
>
> The need for more effective environmental monitoring of the open and
> coastal ocean has recently led to notable advances in satellite ocean color
> technology and algorithm research. Satellite ocean color sensors’ data are
> widely used for the detection, mapping and monitoring of phytoplankton
> blooms because earth observation provides a synoptic view of the ocean,
> both spatially and temporally. Algal blooms are indicators of marine
> ecosystem health; thus, their monitoring is a key component of effective
> management of coastal and oceanic resources. Since the late 1970s, a wide
> variety of operational ocean color satellite sensors and algorithms have
> been developed. The comprehensive review presented in this article captures
> the details of the progress and discusses the advantages and limitations of
> the algorithms used with the multi-spectral ocean color sensors CZCS,
> SeaWiFS, MODIS and MERIS. Present challenges include overcoming the severe
> limitation of these algorithms in coastal waters and refining detection
> limits in various oceanic and coastal environments. To understand the
> spatio-temporal patterns of algal blooms and their triggering factors, it
> is essential to consider the possible effects of environmental parameters,
> such as water temperature, turbidity, solar radiation and bathymetry.
> Hence, this review will also discuss the use of statistical techniques and
> additional datasets derived from ecosystem models or other satellite
> sensors to characterize further the factors triggering or limiting the
> development of algal blooms in coastal and open ocean waters.
>
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Re: [geo] Natural olivine beaches

[Parminder Singh]

Hi,

Schuilling carried out experiments where modest surf action was imitated by 
having olivine grains rotate slowly along the bottom of an Erlenmeyer, the 
water turned an opaque white after a few days of rotation, the pH of the 
solution had gone up, and many of the slivers had already turned into 
neoformed grains of brucite, a mineral known to carbonate fast. 

As for beaches you can find them in Hawaii, Turkey, Galapagos Is. just a 
few to mention.

Regards,

Parminder

On Wednesday, October 1, 2014 11:19:31 AM UTC+8, Greg Rau wrote:
>
> Agree that the silicate mineral sand idea needs testing. I'd first start 
> in the lab with a flask of freshly ground olivine in chemically well 
> characterized, sterile seawater. I would then put this on a shaker table in 
> the dark and let the sand and water gently slosh back and forth for a few 
> days and then measure the SW alkalinity and DIC again.  this would give you 
> and idea of the efficacy and kinetics under ideal conditions. Measuring 
> this in a beach setting would be trickier, but possible. My guess is that 
> there are synergies with sediment respiration/microbes that hasten silicate 
> weathering. Add in some fresh sediment to the above flask and see what 
> happens.
>
> Greg
>
>   --
>  *From:* Andrew Lockley >
> *To:* geoengineering > 
> *Sent:* Tuesday, September 30, 2014 11:28 AM
> *Subject:* [geo] Natural olivine beaches
>  
> Hi
> The proposal for olivine weathering on beaches seems to pass a common 
> sense test. 
> However, there's been a lack of detailed discussion about the occurrence 
> and function of natural olivine beaches, as far as I'm aware. 
> There are a lot of beaches in the world. Olivine is pretty common. How 
> much of a sink is natural beach chemical and mechanical weathering of 
> olivine? 
> It should be easy to find at least one location where there's massive 
> quantities of olivine sand, and take detailed measurements on the carbon 
> sink. 
> I know there's at least one such beach in the literature, but I can't 
> recall discussions of others, nor detailed quantitative research on erosion 
> and sequestration rates at this site 
> Can someone enlighten me as to why this has seemingly been overlooked for 
> detailed study? 
> A
> -- 
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>
>
>   

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[geo] 'Clean Coal' With Carbon Capture Debuts in North America (Not in U.S.) - NBC News.com

[Andrew Lockley]

Poster's note: potentially of interest to air capture types. Cynics may
claim that this is simply an expensive piece of subsidized greenwash for
the fossil fuels industry - and one that's being used partially to extract
even more fossil fuels via EOR.

http://www.nbcnews.com/science/environment/clean-coal-carbon-capture-debuts-north-america-not-u-s-n218221

'Clean Coal' With Carbon Capture Debuts in North America (Not in U.S.)

BY JOHN ROACH

A first-of-its-kind coal-fired power plant retrofitted with technology to
capture and store most of the carbon dioxide produced at one of its boilers
officially began operations this week in Saskatchewan, Canada. Meanwhile, a
similar project in Illinois to demonstrate a cleaner way to burn the
world's most abundant fossil fuel remains in legal and financial
limbo.Whether the U.S. government-backed project in Meredosia, Ill., will
advance so-called carbon capture and storage, or CCS, technology is an open
question, but experts deem the technology itself vital if the world hopes
to stand any practical chance at staving off catastrophic climate
change.advertisement

And CCS is being propelled forward by pollution-control measures such as
the Obama admnistration's proposed rules to limit carbon emissions from new
and existing power plants.

"The reason that you want to look at CCS is the math," John Thompson, the
director of the Fossil Transition Project at the Clean Air Task Force, a
nonprofit that advocates for low-carbon energy technologies, explained to
NBC News.

About two-thirds of the roughly 30 gigatons of carbon dioxide released by
human activity each year comes from the power sector and industrial
activities such as oil refining and fertilizer production. These activities
are all "amenable to carbon capture and storage," Thompson said. "In fact,
you can capture 90 percent of the CO2 from any one of those particular
sources."

'Great bumper sticker'

While increased use of nuclear, solar and wind power could replace some
coal, gas and oil-fired power plants, they are not an option for most
industrial sources of carbon dioxide, he added. "Eliminating fossil fuels
is a great bumper sticker," he said. "It is an ineffective climate
solution."

To boot, global greenhouse gas "emissions are higher than they have ever
been and we are building more coal plants every year,"

Steven Davis, an earth systems scientist at the University of California,
Irvine, told NBC News.In fact, current emission and construction trends
suggest that the international goal to limit warming to 3.6 degrees
Fahrenheit is "completely implausible," he said during a presentation of
his research at a recentclimate conference in Seattle. Getting anywhere
close to the goal, he added in a follow-up interview, will almost certainly
require massive deployment of solar and nuclear power along with CCS."But
there is a big cost associated with CCS," he noted. "It is like 40 or 50
percent more expensive to get energy from a fossil plant if it has CCS."

How CCS works

Carbon capture and storage is a basket of technologies used to prevent
carbon dioxide from escaping to the atmosphere in the course of power
generation and other industrial activities. The captured gas is typically
injected deep underground where, in theory, it will stay forever. In some
cases, this injected gas is used to force out remnant oil from underground
deposits, a process known as enhanced oil recovery."

It is a natural next step especially for the fossil fuel industry which
sees value in CCS because it means we can continue to keep burning their
products," Davis said.

The Boundary Dam Power Station, owned by SaskPower, is near Estevan,
Saskatchewan. The world's first commercial-scale carbon capture and storage
project officially opened there this week.

The carbon capture approach used at SaskPower's newly retrofitted Boundary
Dam Power Plant in Saskatchewan removes the carbon dioxide with a chemical
solution after the coal is burned to generate electricity. The captured gas
will be used for enhanced oil recovery; some will be stored 2.1 miles deep
in the Earth in a layer of brine-filled sandstone.

A second method called coal gasification employs heat and pressure to
convert coal into gas before it is burned, easing the removal of carbon
dioxide. A Southern Company power plant under construction in Kemper
County, Miss., due to come online in 2015 uses this approach. The captured
carbon dioxide will be shipped via pipeline to nearby oil fields.The
project in Meredosia, Ill., is backed by a $1 billion federal stimulus
grant and aims to demonstrate a technology known as oxy-combustion, where
the coal is burned in oxygen and carbon dioxide instead of air to produce a
concentrated stream of carbon dioxide for transportation and storage in
saline rock deep underground.

FutureGen delays

That Illinois project, known as FutureGen 2.0, will retrofit and restart a
boiler at a retired coal-fired power plant. It is the second iteration of a

Re: [geo] 'Clean Coal' With Carbon Capture Debuts in North America (Not in U.S.) - NBC News.com

[Hawkins, Dave]

I went to the launch.  CCS is currently expensive but the cost assessment needs 
to be done in the context of a full suite of methods to achieve deep 
reductions.  When real market drivers for such reductions are adopted we should 
see cost-reducing innovations stimulated for CCS and a range of competing 
technologies.  It's way to soon to write-off any of the candidates as "too 
costly."

Typed on tiny keyboard. Caveat lector.


On Oct 4, 2014, at 1:42 PM, Andrew Lockley 
mailto:andrew.lock...@gmail.com>> wrote:


Poster's note: potentially of interest to air capture types. Cynics may claim 
that this is simply an expensive piece of subsidized greenwash for the fossil 
fuels industry - and one that's being used partially to extract even more 
fossil fuels via EOR.

http://www.nbcnews.com/science/environment/clean-coal-carbon-capture-debuts-north-america-not-u-s-n218221

'Clean Coal' With Carbon Capture Debuts in North America (Not in U.S.)

BY JOHN ROACH

A first-of-its-kind coal-fired power plant retrofitted with technology to 
capture and store most of the carbon dioxide produced at one of its boilers 
officially began operations this week in Saskatchewan, Canada. Meanwhile, a 
similar project in Illinois to demonstrate a cleaner way to burn the world's 
most abundant fossil fuel remains in legal and financial limbo.Whether the U.S. 
government-backed project in Meredosia, Ill., will advance so-called carbon 
capture and storage, or CCS, technology is an open question, but experts deem 
the technology itself vital if the world hopes to stand any practical chance at 
staving off catastrophic climate change.advertisement

And CCS is being propelled forward by pollution-control measures such as the 
Obama admnistration's proposed rules to limit carbon emissions from new and 
existing power plants.

"The reason that you want to look at CCS is the math," John Thompson, the 
director of the Fossil Transition Project at the Clean Air Task Force, a 
nonprofit that advocates for low-carbon energy technologies, explained to NBC 
News.

About two-thirds of the roughly 30 gigatons of carbon dioxide released by human 
activity each year comes from the power sector and industrial activities such 
as oil refining and fertilizer production. These activities are all "amenable 
to carbon capture and storage," Thompson said. "In fact, you can capture 90 
percent of the CO2 from any one of those particular sources."

'Great bumper sticker'

While increased use of nuclear, solar and wind power could replace some coal, 
gas and oil-fired power plants, they are not an option for most industrial 
sources of carbon dioxide, he added. "Eliminating fossil fuels is a great 
bumper sticker," he said. "It is an ineffective climate solution."

To boot, global greenhouse gas "emissions are higher than they have ever been 
and we are building more coal plants every year,"

Steven Davis, an earth systems scientist at the University of California, 
Irvine, told NBC News.In fact, current emission and construction trends suggest 
that the international goal to limit warming to 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit is 
"completely implausible," he said during a presentation of his research at a 
recentclimate conference in Seattle. Getting anywhere close to the goal, he 
added in a follow-up interview, will almost certainly require massive 
deployment of solar and nuclear power along with CCS."But there is a big cost 
associated with CCS," he noted. "It is like 40 or 50 percent more expensive to 
get energy from a fossil plant if it has CCS."

How CCS works

Carbon capture and storage is a basket of technologies used to prevent carbon 
dioxide from escaping to the atmosphere in the course of power generation and 
other industrial activities. The captured gas is typically injected deep 
underground where, in theory, it will stay forever. In some cases, this 
injected gas is used to force out remnant oil from underground deposits, a 
process known as enhanced oil recovery."

It is a natural next step especially for the fossil fuel industry which sees 
value in CCS because it means we can continue to keep burning their products," 
Davis said.

The Boundary Dam Power Station, owned by SaskPower, is near Estevan, 
Saskatchewan. The world's first commercial-scale carbon capture and storage 
project officially opened there this week.

The carbon capture approach used at SaskPower's newly retrofitted Boundary Dam 
Power Plant in Saskatchewan removes the carbon dioxide with a chemical solution 
after the coal is burned to generate electricity. The captured gas will be used 
for enhanced oil recovery; some will be stored 2.1 miles deep in the Earth in a 
layer of brine-filled sandstone.

A second method called coal gasification employs heat and pressure to convert 
coal into gas before it is burned, easing the removal of carbon dioxide. A 
Southern Company power plant under construction in Kemper County, Miss., due to 
come online in 2015 uses this approach. The ca

RE: [geo] Natural olivine beaches

[Francesc Montserrat]

Thanks for bringing this up Andrew... Greg, to follow up on your points made: I 
presented some preliminary results at the Climate Engineering Conference in 
Berlin last August. Basically, everything you´ve mentioned we´ve done at NIOZ 
in the past two years, including proper lab tests with filtered seawater, and 
different mixtures of artificial seawater, and controls (of course), where we 
measured DIC, alkalinity, pH, dissolved silicate and dissolved metals. Also, 
we´ve fed olivine to common bioturbating coastal macrofauna (lugworms) to see 
what their potentially enhancing effect might be on olivine dissolution in 
coastal settings and as we speak/write, students are applying small layers of 
forsteritic olivine sand in mesocosm setups (1 m2 basins) with natural coastal 
sediment and running seawater. Results of the shaking experiments and lugworm 
experiments are nice, and more importantly, consistent and I expect to come out 
with the first shaking bottle lab experiments in a manuscript in november or 
december. Depending on the results of the current experiment, the rest wil then 
follow.

Yes, Papakolea Beach on South Point, Big Island Hawaií is one very nice place 
where an olivine/basalt mix of grains forms a green beach in a relatively 
closed embayment. Depending on the wind, the bay is very well accessible, and 
would serve perfectly as a natural analogue, or at least tell us something on 
the accumulation of dissolution products on the marine ecosystem.

Cheers,
Francesc

PS I´m away on holiday at the moment, and will only check email irregularly


-
vriendelijke groeten / kind regards,

Dr. Francesc Montserrat
Netherlands Institute for Sea Research
Department of Ecosystem Studies
PO Box 140
4400 AC Yerseke
The Netherlands

Phone: +31 (0)113 577 472
Mobile: +31 (0)6 2481 5595

http://www.nioz.nl/





From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com  on 
behalf of Parminder Singh 
Sent: 01 October 2014 07:59
To: geoengineering@googlegroups.com
Cc: andrew.lock...@gmail.com; gh...@sbcglobal.net
Subject: Re: [geo] Natural olivine beaches

Hi,

Schuilling carried out experiments where modest surf action was imitated by 
having olivine grains rotate slowly along the bottom of an Erlenmeyer, the 
water turned an opaque white after a few days of rotation, the pH of the 
solution had gone up, and many of the slivers had already turned into neoformed 
grains of brucite, a mineral known to carbonate fast.

As for beaches you can find them in Hawaii, Turkey, Galapagos Is. just a few to 
mention.

Regards,

Parminder

On Wednesday, October 1, 2014 11:19:31 AM UTC+8, Greg Rau wrote:
Agree that the silicate mineral sand idea needs testing. I'd first start in the 
lab with a flask of freshly ground olivine in chemically well characterized, 
sterile seawater. I would then put this on a shaker table in the dark and let 
the sand and water gently slosh back and forth for a few days and then measure 
the SW alkalinity and DIC again.  this would give you and idea of the efficacy 
and kinetics under ideal conditions. Measuring this in a beach setting would be 
trickier, but possible. My guess is that there are synergies with sediment 
respiration/microbes that hasten silicate weathering. Add in some fresh 
sediment to the above flask and see what happens.

Greg


From: Andrew Lockley 
To: geoengineering 
Sent: Tuesday, September 30, 2014 11:28 AM
Subject: [geo] Natural olivine beaches

Hi
The proposal for olivine weathering on beaches seems to pass a common sense 
test.
However, there's been a lack of detailed discussion about the occurrence and 
function of natural olivine beaches, as far as I'm aware.
There are a lot of beaches in the world. Olivine is pretty common. How much of 
a sink is natural beach chemical and mechanical weathering of olivine?
It should be easy to find at least one location where there's massive 
quantities of olivine sand, and take detailed measurements on the carbon sink.
I know there's at least one such beach in the literature, but I can't recall 
discussions of others, nor detailed quantitative research on erosion and 
sequestration rates at this site
Can someone enlighten me as to why this has seemingly been overlooked for 
detailed study?
A
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