Re: Is there an alternative to os.walk?

[Ant]

The idiomatic way of doing the tree traversal is:

def search(a_dir):
   valid_dirs = []
   for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(a_dir):
   if dirtest(filenames):
   valid_dirs.append(dirpath)
   return valid_dirs

Also since you are given a list of filenames in the directory, then why
not just check the list of those files for your test files:

def dirtest(filenames):
   testfiles = ['a','b','c']
   for f in testfiles:
   if not f in filenames:
   return False
   return False

You'd have to test this to see if it made a difference in performance,
but it makes for more readable code

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Re: Dumping the state of a deadlocked process

[MrJean1]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> MrJean1 wrote:
> > Did you try using the signal module?  If not, a basic example is here
> >  which may need to be
> > extended.
>
> I looks useful. I gave it a try, and the only weakness it has is that
> when my process locks, it locks so badly that it doesn't respond to
> CTRL-C, or any other signal. But by sending it a SIGQUIT which causes
> it to dump the current state, and then kill it, I get the dump I need.

The Ctrl-C signal SIGINT is caught by Python by default and the signal
handler
raises a KeyboardInterrupt exception.  For any other signals, the
signal is caught
but the signal handler is not called until Python returns to the main
loop.

Therefore, if some extension -like Postgresql in this case- is busy or
hangs, nothing
will happen until Python regains control.


>
> This is actually not a multi-threaded app. It's an application which
> uses a SQL DB. The problem I was having was that I had a cursor which
> started a transaction, and then never finished. Then some other cursor
> came along and tried to perform a delete table, and they both locked
> up. The cursor isn't ending it's transaction, and the transaction
> prevents the delete table from being executed. Luckily Postgresql
> allows me to list current activity, otherwise I would have been
> scratching my head still.
>
> Using logging or print statements to debug this sort of things is
> highly unsatisfactory. I think the way Java uses SIGQUIT is pretty
> neat, are there any reasons why Python can't adopt something similar?

I can not anwer that.

/Jean Brouwers

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Re: Raw beginner....

[hanumizzle]

On 10/8/06, Colin Lehmann <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I am new to Python although I have been using Delphi since version one,
> I have been employed as a C and C++ programmer so when I went to Linux
> (Ubuntu 5.10) I thought Python looked pretty good.
> I downloaded and installed 'Eric Python IDE' which seems OK, any
> alternatives suggested will be looked at

Myself, I just use GNU Emacs. But this is perhaps an acquired taste.

> My current problem is I am trying to compile a package I downloaded, it
> is a PodCaster called 'CastPodder'!!), I looked at the source file and
> it tried to import something called 'wxversion' and couldn't find it.

Please copy and paste the exact error messages into a reply.

> I searched the net and found a package called 'Python wxversion???.Deb'.
> Downloaded it and unpacked it but the IDE still can't find it!

Have you installed the base wxpython package as well? Furthermore, are
you using Ubuntu package? I don't know Debian variants too well, but
it seems best to go with the official release.

http://packages.ubuntu.com/cgi-bin/search_packages.pl?keywords=wx&searchon=names&subword=1&version=dapper&release=all

> My question is : Where should I put the package (download it to..) so
> when I unpack it the IDE can find it?
> I looked around and found a reference to PYTHONPATH which is supposed to
> tell Python where everything is but I simply cannot find it anywhere. I
> found sys.path but I don't think that is what I want

sys.path and PYTHONPATH do configure the location of Python libraries
for special purposes. sys.path is actually a list of all standard
locations for libraries built-in to Python at compile time as well as
nonstandard locations given in PYTHONPATH or through command line
arguments. You can even add to sys.path dynamically I think. But
wxpython from Debian/Ubuntu should install to a standard location.

-- Theerasak
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Raw beginner....

[Colin Lehmann]

I am new to Python although I have been using Delphi since version one, 
I have been employed as a C and C++ programmer so when I went to Linux 
(Ubuntu 5.10) I thought Python looked pretty good.
I downloaded and installed 'Eric Python IDE' which seems OK, any 
alternatives suggested will be looked at

My current problem is I am trying to compile a package I downloaded, it 
is a PodCaster called 'CastPodder'!!), I looked at the source file and 
it tried to import something called 'wxversion' and couldn't find it.
I searched the net and found a package called 'Python wxversion???.Deb'. 
Downloaded it and unpacked it but the IDE still can't find it!

My question is : Where should I put the package (download it to..) so 
when I unpack it the IDE can find it?
I looked around and found a reference to PYTHONPATH which is supposed to 
tell Python where everything is but I simply cannot find it anywhere. I 
found sys.path but I don't think that is what I want

Help!

Everyone must have gone through this sometime!!

TIA
Colin
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Re: Is there an alternative to os.walk?

[hanumizzle]

On 10/8/06, Tim Roberts <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Umm, may I point out that you don't NEED the "os.path.exists" call, because
> you are already being HANDED a list of all the filenames in that directory?
> You could "dirtest" with this much faster routinee:
>
> def dirtest(a_dir,filenames):
> for f in ['a','b','c']:
> if not f in filenames:
> return 0
> return 1

Or False / True for sufficiently new versions of Python. :)

-- Theerasak
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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[Aahz]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Giovanni Bajo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Aahz wrote:
>> Giovanni removed his own attribution:
>>>
>>> Are you ever going to try and make a point which is not "you are not
>>> entitled to have opinions because you do not act"? Your sarcasm is
>>> getting annoying. And since I'm not trolling nor flaming, I think I
>>> deserve a little bit more of respect.
>>
>> IMO, regardless of whether you are trolling or flaming, you are
>> certainly being disrespectful.  Why should we treat you with any more
>> respect than you give others?
>
>Disrespectful? Because I say that I don't agree with some specific
>requirement, trying to discuss and understand the rationale behind it?

*snort*  Now you're trying to dodge responsibility for your own words.
Normally I'd be inclined to cut you some slack because English isn't your
native language, but it's clear that you're deliberately trying to write
emotionally to encourage other people to flail around.  Here are again
some of the things you've written in this thread:

Does this smell "Bitkeeper fiasco" to anyone else than me?
I am impressed you do not want to understand the "why"
most bug reports submitted by users go totally ignored for several years,

That adds up to a clear summation of disprespect in my view.
-- 
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"If you don't know what your program is supposed to do, you'd better not
start writing it."  --Dijkstra
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Re: Is there an alternative to os.walk?

[Tim Roberts]

"Bruce" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>A little late but.. thanks for the replies, was very useful. Here`s
>what I do in this case:
>
>def search(a_dir):
>   valid_dirs = []
>   walker = os.walk(a_dir)
>   while 1:
>   try:
>   dirpath, dirnames, filenames = walker.next()
>   except StopIteration:
>   break
>   if dirtest(dirpath,filenames):
>   valid_dirs.append(dirpath)
>   return valid_dirs
>
>def dirtest(a_dir):
>   testfiles = ['a','b','c']
>   for f in testfiles:
>   if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(a_dir,f)):
>   return 0
>   return 1
>
>I think you`re right - it`s not os.walk that makes this slow, it`s the
>dirtest method that takes so much more time when there are many files
>in a directory. Also, thanks for pointing me to the path module, was
>interesting.

Umm, may I point out that you don't NEED the "os.path.exists" call, because
you are already being HANDED a list of all the filenames in that directory?
You could "dirtest" with this much faster routinee:

def dirtest(a_dir,filenames):
for f in ['a','b','c']:
if not f in filenames:
return 0
return 1
-- 
- Tim Roberts, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.
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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[Ben Finney]

"Ilias Lazaridis" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> As for Mr. Holden... it's not a matter of not respecting you.
> It is in his nature to babble in this way.
> Sometimes it's even funny!

Oh my. You have *seriously* misjudged this group if you think that
comment will give you any net gain in discussions here.

-- 
 \ "I think there is a world market for maybe five computers."  -- |
  `\  Thomas Watson, chairman of IBM, 1943 |
_o__)  |
Ben Finney

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Re: error handling in user input: is this natural or just laborious

[Lawrence D'Oliveiro]

In message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, sam
wrote:

> i'm still in the early stages, and am trying to code something simple
> and interactive to get the percentages of the portfolio in the five
> different investment categories. i thought i'd get in with the error
> handling early so if someone types in something wrong (like a word), or
> the numbers don't add up to 100%, the error would be caught immediately
> and the user sent back to the start of the loop. granting that there
> may be better ways of doing this, if i decide that i do want to do it
> like this (i.e. a single error requires all data to be re-entered, not
> unreasonable for only five items) ...

One obvious thing is to remove repetitiveness from the code by collecting
the different cases in a data table. E.g.

data = {}
input_control = \
[
{
"key" : "cash",
"description" : "cash percentage",
"type" : int,
"describe_type" : "number",
},
{
"key" : "bond",
"description" : "bond portfolio",
"type" : int,
"describe_type" : "number",
},
{
"key" : "blue",
"description" : "blue-chip percentage",
"type" : int,
"describe_type" : "number",
},
{
"key" : "tech",
"description" : "tech stocks percentage",
"type" : int,
"describe_type" : "number",
},
{
"key" : "dev",
"description" : "developing countries percentage",
"type" : int,
"describe_type" : "number",
},
]

while True :
index = 0
while index != len(input_control) :
control = input_control[index]
try :
data[control["key"]] = \
control["type"](raw_input(
"Please enter a %s index for the portfolio: "
%
control["description"]
))
index += 1
except ValueError :
print "That is not a %s." % control["describe_type"]
#end try
#end while
if sum([data[k] for k in data]) == 100 :
break
print "Those numbers do not sum to 100. Please start again."
#end while

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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[Ilias Lazaridis]

Giovanni Bajo wrote:
> Aahz wrote:
>
> >> Are you ever going to try and make a point which is not "you are not
> >> entitled to have opinions because you do not act"? Your sarcasm is
> >> getting annoying. And since I'm not trolling nor flaming, I think I
> >> deserve a little bit more of respect.
> >
> > IMO, regardless of whether you are trolling or flaming, you are
> > certainly being disrespectful.  Why should we treat you with any more
> > respect than you give others?
>
> Disrespectful? Because I say that I don't agree with some specific 
> requirement,
> trying to discuss and understand the rationale behind it?

there's really not much to understand, just one thing:

There are no rationales.

This is a 'decision by feeling':

http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/msg/0334d6ff60a48991

As for Mr. Holden... it's not a matter of not respecting you.

It is in his nature to babble in this way.

Sometimes it's even funny!

.

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Re: error handling in user input: is this natural or just laborious

[Lawrence D'Oliveiro]

In message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, James Stroud
wrote:

> Patently. Tabs should be reserved for tables, for which tabs were named.
> If they were meant to be used for indenting, they would have been
> named "indenters". 

Really? I thought they were for tabulators
.
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Re: Names changed to protect the guilty

[Aahz]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, John J. Lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Aahz) writes:
>>
>> The following line of lightly munged code was found in a publicly
>> available Python library...
>> 
>> if schema.elements.has_key(key) is False:
>> 
>> Sorry, just had to vent.
>
>I think I was reading the same code recently (epydoc?) and was also
>momentarily horrified ;-) until I realized that it was quite
>deliberately using three-valued logic (True, False, None) for some
>presumably-sensible reason.  Since None is false, they had to use
>"is".  So, given the need for three-valued logic, it's not as silly as
>it looks.

My take is that even in that case, one should use "is" only with None.
There is too much ground for bugs with True/False, particularly if you
either intend to work across version *or* you might possibly accept a
user's object (because *they* might be working across versions and
therefore returning 1/0 instead of True/False).  I think it's safest to
simply ban this idiom.  No exceptions, never.

And, no, this wasn't epydoc.
-- 
Aahz ([EMAIL PROTECTED])   <*> http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"If you don't know what your program is supposed to do, you'd better not
start writing it."  --Dijkstra
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Re: need some regular expression help

[Tim Chase]

> Why does it need to be a regex?  There is a very simple and well-known 
> algorithm which does what you want.
> 
> Start with i=0.  Walk the string one character at a time, incrementing i 
> each time you see a '(', and decrementing it each time you see a ')'.  At 
> the end of the string, the count should be back to 0.  If at any time 
> during the process, the count goes negative, you've got mis-matched 
> parentheses.
> 
> The algorithm runs in O(n), same as a regex.
> 
> Regex is a wonderful tool, but it's not the answer to all problems.

Following Roy's suggestion, one could use something like:

 >>> s = '42^((2x+2)sin(x)) + (log(2)/log(5))'
 >>> d = {'(':1, ')':-1}
 >>> sum(d.get(c, 0) for c in s)
0


If you get a sum() > 0, then you have too many "(", and if you 
have sum() < 0, you have too many ")" characters.  A sum() of 0 
means there's the same number of parens.  It still doesn't solve 
the aforementioned problem of things like ')))((('  which is 
balanced, but psychotic. :)

-tkc




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can compile function have a bug?

[ygao]

>>> compile('U"中"','c:/test','single')

>>> d=compile('U"中"','c:/test','single')
>>> d

>>> exec(d)
u'\xd6\xd0'
>>> U"中"
u'\u4e2d'
>>>

why is the result different?
a bug or another reason?

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Re: New-style classes slower than old-style classes? (Was: n-body problem at shootout.alioth.debian.org)

[Richard Jones]

Giovanni Bajo wrote:

> Peter Maas wrote:
> 
>>> Did you try using an old-style class instead of a new-style class?
>>
>> The original program has an old style class, changing it to a new
>> style class increases run time by 25% (version is 2.4.3 btw).
> 
> Ah yes. Years ago when I first saw this test it was still using new-style
> classes.
> 
> Anyway, this is a bug on its own I believe. I don't think new-style
> classes are meant to be 25% slower than old-style classes. Can any guru
> clarify this?

Please try 2.5 - there's been significant optimisation work put into 2.5


Richard

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Re: need some regular expression help

[Roy Smith]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
 "Chris" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I need a pattern that  matches a string that has the same number of '('
> as ')':
> findall( compile('...'), '42^((2x+2)sin(x)) + (log(2)/log(5))' ) = [
> '((2x+2)sin(x))', '(log(2)/log(5))' ]
> Can anybody help me out?
> 
> Thanks for any help!

Why does it need to be a regex?  There is a very simple and well-known 
algorithm which does what you want.

Start with i=0.  Walk the string one character at a time, incrementing i 
each time you see a '(', and decrementing it each time you see a ')'.  At 
the end of the string, the count should be back to 0.  If at any time 
during the process, the count goes negative, you've got mis-matched 
parentheses.

The algorithm runs in O(n), same as a regex.

Regex is a wonderful tool, but it's not the answer to all problems.
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Re: need some regular expression help

[hanumizzle]

On 7 Oct 2006 15:00:29 -0700, Diez B. Roggisch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Chris wrote:
> > I need a pattern that  matches a string that has the same number of '('
> > as ')':
> > findall( compile('...'), '42^((2x+2)sin(x)) + (log(2)/log(5))' ) = [
> > '((2x+2)sin(x))', '(log(2)/log(5))' ]
> > Can anybody help me out?
>
> This is not possible with regular expressions - they can't "remember"
> how many parens they already encountered.

Remember that regular expressions are used to represent regular
grammars. Most regex engines actually aren't regular in that they
support fancy things like look-behind/ahead and capture groups...IIRC,
these cannot be part of a true regular expression library.

With that said, the quote-unquote regexes in Lua have a special
feature that supports balanced expressions. I believe Python has a
PCRE lib somewhere; you may be able to use the experimental ??{ }
construct in that case.

-- Theerasak
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Re: Rich text processor component

[hanumizzle]

On 10/6/06, Jorge Vilela <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hello, do anyone know if exists anything about rich text processor in
> python, as a component or good tutorial about it?

http://pyrtf.sourceforge.net/

Regards,
Theerasak
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Re: Can't get around "IndexError: list index out of range"

[MonkeeSage]

On Oct 7, 8:06 pm, "MonkeeSage" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> More often and easier to implement than dict.has_key / get?

More -> Less

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Re: Can't get around "IndexError: list index out of range"

[Duncan Smith]

MonkeeSage wrote:
> 
> On Oct 7, 7:14 pm, Duncan Smith <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
>>No.  The above constructs a list of keys and searches the list for the
>>key, O(n).  "key in somedict" is a lookup, O(1).
> 
> 
> My point wasn't in regard to implementation details, but in regard to
> convenience methods. Obviously the sugary dict methods are tweaked for
> the best performance (one would hope!), as would be sugary sequence
> methods were they to be added. What I was wondering is why
> dict.has_key() and get() are there but not list.has_index() and get().
> 
> Regards,
> Jordan
> 

All I can say is that, I personally, would have little use for those
list methods.  Those involved in the design of the language will no
doubt have much better reasons than this.

Duncan
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Re: windev vs python SOS

[baalbek]

Fredrik Lundh wrote:
> Bruno Desthuilliers wrote:
> 
>> Amanda wrote:
>> (snip)
>>> I am always amazed when I meet fanatics!!
>> I'm always amazed when I meet PC-Soft's salespersons...
> 
> isn't there some non-python forum where you can sort this one out ?

Why is it up to Bruno to sort this out? And what makes you the 
"post-nazi" of this group?
As far as I'm concerned, Bruno's reply is 100% called for.

Baalbek
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Re: Names changed to protect the guilty

[Ben Finney]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] (John J. Lee) writes:

> [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Aahz) writes:
> > if schema.elements.has_key(key) is False:
>
> I think I was reading the same code recently (epydoc?) and was also
> momentarily horrified ;-) until I realized that it was quite
> deliberately using three-valued logic (True, False, None) for some
> presumably-sensible reason.

Apparently a reason unrelated to dict.has_key, which is documented as
returning only True or False, never None.

-- 
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  `\ 'gestalt' don't you understand?]"  -- Karsten M. Self |
_o__)  |
Ben Finney

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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[skip]

Giovanni> And, in turn, this was in the context of hiring 6-10 people as
Giovanni> the only acceptable minimum to maintain and admin a bug
Giovanni> tracker.

Who said anything about "hiring"?  I don't believe anyone expects any of the
6-10 people to work full-time (well, except for you it would appear).  I
help moderate a number of Python-related mailing lists hosted on
mail.python.org.  I also do a microscopic amount of bug triage for a couple
smallish modules in the standard distribution, have pitched in a bit to help
with the website (though don't anymore) and used to help a little bit with
administration of the various python.org machines.  I certainly have never
spent anything approaching full-time for any of these tasks, not even when
measured over short time periods.  A few minutes here.  An hour there.  Many
people contribute way more time to the overall endeavor than I do, and I
applaud them for their dedication.  I haven't ever been paid nor have I ever
expected to be paid.  It's a spare time activity, a way to contribute to
Python even when I can't do more.

At times I have come and gone as well, mostly depending on the constraints
of work and family obligations and my instantaneous enthusiasm for the
project.  If I'd rather read a book, work on my car or watch TV, that's ok.
I don't feel guilty for the idle time I don't spend working on Python.  I
know there are many other people there to cover for what little bit of work
I am not doing.  I suspect that is how most people approach any of the
myriad tasks involved with getting Python out the door and keeping it
current.  I think that was also the intent of the "6-10 people" phrase.  If
you have lots of people available to pitch in, no one person's absence is a
show stopper.

Skip
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Re: Can't get around "IndexError: list index out of range"

[MonkeeSage]

On Oct 7, 7:41 pm, Steven D'Aprano
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Are you just making a philosophical point? In which case I agree: *if* you
> make the analogy "a dictionary key is analogous to a sequence index",
> *then* the operation of "in" isn't semantically analogous between mappings
> and sequences. But why should it be?

It shouldn't, and I'm making a pragmatic (not merely philosophic) point
regarding the OP's question whether there is a "similar" list method to
dict.has_key.

> In both mappings and sequences, "in" tests for membership. But *what* it
> tests for membership is different. There's no shame there.

I know / agree.

> Originally, if you wanted to
> test for key membership with a dict, you had three choices:

I know.

On Oct 7, 7:59 pm, Steven D'Aprano
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Because they aren't needed often, and when they are, they are easy to
> implement?

More often and easier to implement than dict.has_key / get?

> It is hard to see where list.get(index, default) would be useful, since
> accessing an index out of range of a list is generally an error, unlike
> accessing a missing key.

Uh, no. KeyError.

> But I like symmetry, and for symmetry I wouldn't
> object to sequences gaining a get method too. Not that I care about it
> enough to put in a feature request or a PEP, but if somebody else did, I
> wouldn't object.

Me neither. :)

> get() is easy enough to implement. Feel free to turn it into a method
> of a collection class if you like.

I already did, see previous posts.

> Not every piece of functionality needs to be a built-in.

Agreed. but why implement a certain functionality in one place but
leave it out of another?

Regards,
Jordan

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Re: operator overloading + - / * = etc...

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Sat, 07 Oct 2006 17:21:55 -0500, Tim Chase wrote:

>>> With the caveat of the "=" mentioned in the subject-line (being
>>> different from "==")...I haven't found any way to override
>>> assignment in the general case.
>> 
>> Why would you want to do that?
> 
> For the same reason one would use property() to create 
> getter/setter functions for a particular variable--to intercept 
> attempts to set a variable.

Despite sloppy talk to the contrary (which I think most of us do from time
to time), Python doesn't have variables. It has names and objects. Names
are just labels -- there is no difference in behavior between the *names*
this_is_an_integer and this_is_a_string. (The *objects* they point to are
a different story, naturally.)

Objects do not, and can not, know what names they are bound to, nor can
they tell when the name or names they are bound to changes. Objects just
don't care what names they are bound to -- in fact, many objects aren't
bound to any name at all.

Suppose we bind the name "x" to the object 1, and then rebind the name "x"
to the object []. Which object's hypothetical __assign__ method should get
called? Object 1 or object []? Both of them? In what order? Why should
the empty list care what names it is bound to?

> I'm not sure there's an elegant way 
> to do it other than creating a custom container object with a 
> getter/setter using property().

You shouldn't be programming C++ in Python, you should rethink how you
are solving the problem.

But having done that, if you still find that the property() idiom makes
sense for names/objects, you can get close if you are willing to write x =
1 as NAMESPACE.x = 1, and then use a custom class or module to implement
the behavior you want.

Here is one module that you might be able to use:

http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/65207


-- 
Steven.

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Re: Can't get around "IndexError: list index out of range"

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Sat, 07 Oct 2006 17:25:15 -0700, MonkeeSage wrote:

> My point wasn't in regard to implementation details, but in regard to
> convenience methods. Obviously the sugary dict methods are tweaked for
> the best performance (one would hope!), as would be sugary sequence
> methods were they to be added. What I was wondering is why
> dict.has_key() and get() are there but not list.has_index() and get().

Because they aren't needed often, and when they are, they are easy to
implement?

Instead of list.has_index(n), write 0 <= n < len(list).

If you want to allow for negative indices as well, write
-len(list) <= n < len(list).


It is hard to see where list.get(index, default) would be useful, since
accessing an index out of range of a list is generally an error, unlike
accessing a missing key. But I like symmetry, and for symmetry I wouldn't
object to sequences gaining a get method too. Not that I care about it
enough to put in a feature request or a PEP, but if somebody else did, I
wouldn't object.

(Note, though, that accessing a *slice* out of range is not an error, but
returns an empty list.)

get() is easy enough to implement. Feel free to turn it into a method
of a collection class if you like.

def get(mapping_or_sequence, key_or_index, default=None):
try:
return mapping_or_sequence.get(key_or_index, default)
except AttributeError:
# probably a sequence
try:
return mapping_or_sequence[key_or_index]
except IndexError:
return default

Not every piece of functionality needs to be a built-in. 


-- 
Steven.

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Re: Names changed to protect the guilty

[John J. Lee]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Aahz) writes:

> The following line of lightly munged code was found in a publicly
> available Python library...
> 
> if schema.elements.has_key(key) is False:
> 
> Sorry, just had to vent.

I think I was reading the same code recently (epydoc?) and was also
momentarily horrified ;-) until I realized that it was quite
deliberately using three-valued logic (True, False, None) for some
presumably-sensible reason.  Since None is false, they had to use
"is".  So, given the need for three-valued logic, it's not as silly as
it looks.


John
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Get Pedia

[Get Pedia]

i am sorry if this is the wrong section . i just 
finished a huge website called www.this.explains.it   
  and i need your reviews 
:
*More than 150,000 articles in the search database .. 
*Learn how almost everything works in the easiest way possible...
*randomly generated articles for more fun at   GetPedia















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Re: ANN: SimpleJSONRPCServer

[aum]

On Sun, 08 Oct 2006 10:16:05 +1300, aum wrote:

> If any Python honchos here want to raise a PEP for it, I'd support that
> fully.

Don't worry - I've just posted my own PEP for it.

Cheers
aum

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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[Giovanni Bajo]

Tim Peters wrote:

> None are /totally ignored/ -- indeed, at least I see every one as it
> comes in.  You might want to change your claim to that no work
> obviously visible to you is done on them.  That would be better.

Please notice that my mail was in the context of "user satisfaction with the
bug tracker". I was claiming that it is useless to provide a blazingly fast
support turnaround for technical issue, when there is "no visibile work" being
done on most bugs that are submitted. And, in turn, this was in the context of
hiring 6-10 people as the only acceptable minimum to maintain and admin a bug
tracker. I was claiming that, if such a group was ever formed, it was better
spent on bug triage rather than keeping their keys ready all day long to
quick-fix any server breakage in minutes.

> These are the actual stats as of a few minutes ago:
>
> Bugs:  938 open of 7169 total ~= 87% closed
> Patches:  429 open of 3846 total ~= 89% closed
> Feature Requests:  240 open of 479 total ~= 50% closed

I claimed different numbers based on personal perception; I stand corrected,
and apologize for this. I could just say that my perception was wrong, but I
guess there's something in it that could be further analyzed. For instance, I
would be really curious to see how these figures look like if you consider only
bugs/patches/rfe *NOT* submitted by python committers. I don't think
Sourceforge can ever compute this number for us, so I'll wait to ask Roundup
about it (or, uh, Jira...).

> There's an easy way to improve these percentages dramatically,
> although they're not bad as-is:  run thru them and close every one
> that isn't entirely clear.  For example, reject every feature request,
> close every patch that changes visible behavior not /clearly/ fixing a
> bona fide bug, and close every "bug report" that's really a feature
> request or random "but Perl/Ruby/PHP doesn't do it this way" complaint
> in disguise.

Either close directly any nonsense, or ask for more feedback to the poster,
until the bug/patch/rfe is sufficiently clear to be handled, or 3 months are
passed and you close the bug for "no further feedback from the poster". If this
would dramatically reduce the number of open bugs, then yes, Python really
needs someone to do bug triaging.

> For example, the oldest patch open today is a speculative
> implementation of rational numbers for Python.  This is really a
> feature request in disguise, and has very little chance-- but not /no/
> chance --of ever being accepted.  The oldest bug open today is from 6
> years ago, and looks like an easy-to-answer /question/ about the
> semantics of regular expressions in Python 1.6.  I could take time to
> close that one now, but is that a /good/  use of time?  Yes, but, at
> the moment, even finishing this reply seems to be a /better/ use of my
> time -- and after that, I'm going to get something to eat ;-)

It might be not a good use of your time at all, since you are a developer. But
having a database with 938 open bugs most of which are
incomplete/nonsense/unconfirmed is much less useful than it could be. It also
raises the bar for new developers: it's much harder to just "pick one" and fix
it. I know because I tried sometimes, and after half an hour I couldn't find
any bug that was interesting to me and "complete" enough to work on it. I also
noticed that most bugs are totally uncommented like nobody cared at all. This
is where my thought about Python missing bug triaging started.
-- 
Giovanni Bajo


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Re: Can't get around "IndexError: list index out of range"

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Sat, 07 Oct 2006 10:26:22 -0700, MonkeeSage wrote:

> 
> 
> On Oct 7, 3:27 am, Gabriel Genellina <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> The meaning comes from the most common usage.
> 
> I wasn't suggesting that the "in" keyword have a different sematic for
> sequence types. I was just saying that regarding the question whether
> there is anything similar to "dict.has_key / k in dict" for lists, the
> "in" keyword is not semantically analogous.

Are you just making a philosophical point? In which case I agree: *if* you
make the analogy "a dictionary key is analogous to a sequence index",
*then* the operation of "in" isn't semantically analogous between mappings
and sequences. But why should it be?

In both mappings and sequences, "in" tests for membership. But *what* it
tests for membership is different. There's no shame there.


>> Because it's not needed at all: valid sequence indexes are *exactly*
>> range(len(seq)). This is the basic point of being a sequence: when
>> indexes are not contiguous, in fact you have a mapping, not a sequence.
> 
> True. But valid dictionary keys are exactly d.keys(). The has_key
> method is just sugar.


A little bit of history might be useful here. Originally, if you wanted to
test for key membership with a dict, you had three choices:

(1) Easier To Ask Forgiveness Than Permission:

try:
mapping[key]
except KeyError:
print "Oops, that's not a key!"


(2) mapping.has_key(key), which inspected the dict's internals to
determine whether key was valid or not.

(3) Build a list of keys, then test whether the key was in the list:

key in mappings.keys()


Obviously all three methods had their disadvantages. The first required
catching an exception, which is expensive, and is less than clear. The
second is a magic method that needs to be remembered by the developer,
and breaks the equivalence of mappings and sequences. The third means
building, and throwing away, a temporary list of keys.

But after types and classes were unified, dicts grew a __contains__
method for subclassing. If you want syntactic sugar, "x in obj" is
"just" syntactic sugar for obj.__contains__(x) (but note the scare quotes
around just: one person's syntactic sugar is another person's essential
syntactic feature).



-- 
Steven.

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Re: Kde Taskbar

[David Boddie]

On Saturday 07 October 2006 16:29, DarkBlue wrote:

> David Boddie wrote:

>> You need to activate the window associated with the application.

[...]

> My python app actually is a pythoncard app
> which I hope will make things easier.

If PythonCard or its underlying API has a function for activating
windows, this _should_ do what you want.

David
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Re: Can't get around "IndexError: list index out of range"

[MonkeeSage]

On Oct 7, 7:14 pm, Duncan Smith <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> No.  The above constructs a list of keys and searches the list for the
> key, O(n).  "key in somedict" is a lookup, O(1).

My point wasn't in regard to implementation details, but in regard to
convenience methods. Obviously the sugary dict methods are tweaked for
the best performance (one would hope!), as would be sugary sequence
methods were they to be added. What I was wondering is why
dict.has_key() and get() are there but not list.has_index() and get().

Regards,
Jordan

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Re: Kde Taskbar

[David Boddie]

On Saturday 07 October 2006 15:41, Diez B. Roggisch wrote:

> pykde afaik supports systray-iconified apps. And you could use the
> dcop-mechanisms that are available as command line tools as well I
> guess, and invoke knotify.

I think DarkBlue wanted to affect the behaviour of the taskbar, though
a system tray icon might be a reasonable alternative.

> Hope this gives you some pointers - I'm currently on my mac so I can't
> provide an actual example.

I'd be interested in an example of how to use knotify via DCOP. A few
minutes at the command line looking at the DCOP interface didn't prove
particularly fruitful for me.

David
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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[Giovanni Bajo]

Aahz wrote:

>> Are you ever going to try and make a point which is not "you are not
>> entitled to have opinions because you do not act"? Your sarcasm is
>> getting annoying. And since I'm not trolling nor flaming, I think I
>> deserve a little bit more of respect.
>
> IMO, regardless of whether you are trolling or flaming, you are
> certainly being disrespectful.  Why should we treat you with any more
> respect than you give others?

Disrespectful? Because I say that I don't agree with some specific requirement,
trying to discuss and understand the rationale behind it?
-- 
Giovanni Bajo


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New-style classes slower than old-style classes? (Was: n-body problem at shootout.alioth.debian.org)

[Giovanni Bajo]

Peter Maas wrote:

>> Did you try using an old-style class instead of a new-style class?
>
> The original program has an old style class, changing it to a new
> style class increases run time by 25% (version is 2.4.3 btw).

Ah yes. Years ago when I first saw this test it was still using new-style
classes.

Anyway, this is a bug on its own I believe. I don't think new-style classes are
meant to be 25% slower than old-style classes. Can any guru clarify this?
-- 
Giovanni Bajo


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Re: Can't get around "IndexError: list index out of range"

[Duncan Smith]

MonkeeSage wrote:
> On Oct 7, 12:37 pm, Fredrik Lundh <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
>>for what?
> 
> 
>   key in self.keys()
> 

[snip]

No.  The above constructs a list of keys and searches the list for the
key, O(n).  "key in somedict" is a lookup, O(1).

Duncan
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Re: People's names (was Re: sqlite3 error)

[John Machin]

Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote:
> In message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Steve
> Holden wrote:
>
> > John Machin wrote:
> >
> > [lots of explanation about peculiarities of people's names]
> >
> > While I don't dispute any of this erudite display of esoteric
> > nomenclature wisdom the fact remains that many (predominantly Western)
> > databases do tend to use first and last name (in America often with the
> > addition of a one- or two-character "middle initial" field).
>
> Just because most Western designers of databases do it wrong doesn't mean
> that a) you should do it wrong, or b) they will continue to do it wrong
> into the future, as increasing numbers of those designers come from Asian
> and other non-Western backgrounds.

Unfortunately, lack of appreciation that different rules and customs
may apply on the other side of the county/state/national boundary is a
universal trait, not one restricted to Westerners.

>
> > So, having distilled your knowledge to its essence could you please give
> > me some prescriptive advice about what I *should* do? :-)
>
> Has anyone come up with a proper universal table design for storing people's
> names?
>
> Certainly "first name" and "last name" are the wrong column names to use. I
> think "family name" and "given names" would be a good start.

So far so good.

>  For the
> Icelanders, Somalians and the Muslims, their father's name goes in
> the "family name" field, which makes sense because all their siblings (of
> the same sex, at least) would have the same value in this field.

Two problems so far:
(1) If you then assume that you should print the phone directory in
order of family name, that's not appropriate in some places e.g.
Iceland; neither is addressing Jon Jonsson as "Mr Jonsson", and BTW it
can be their mother's name e.g. if she has more fame or recognition
than their father.
(2) Arabic names: you may or may not have their father's name. You
might not even have the [usually only one] given name. For example: the
person who was known as Abu Musab al-Zarqawi: this means "father of
Musab, the man from Zarqa [a city in Jordan]". You may have the family
name as well as the father's and grandfather's given name. You can have
the occupation, honorifics, nicknames. For a brief overview, read this:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_names

>
> I wonder if we need another "middle" field for holding the "bin/binte" part
> (could also hold, e.g. "Van" for those names that use this).

Not a good idea, IMHO. Consider "Nguyen Van Tran" vs 'Rembrandt van
Rijn". Would you peel the Da off Da Costa but not the D' off
D'Oliveiro? What do you do with the bod who fills in a form as Dermot
O'Sullivan one month and Diarmaid Ó Súilleabháin the next?

>
> There would also need to be a flag field to indicate the canonical ordering
> for writing out the full name: e.g. family-name-first, given-names-first.
> Do we need something else for the Vietnamese case?

As I said before, it depends on the application. In some applications,
it will be preferable to capture, in one field, the whole name as
supplied by the person, together with clues like nationality and place
of birth that will help in parsing it later. However if all you want to
do is post out the electricity bill to an address that your
meter-reader has verified, then you can afford to be a  little casual
with the name.

This is all a bit OT.  Before we close the thread down, let me leave
you with one warning:
Beware of enthusiastic maintenance programmers on a mission to clean up
the dirty names in your database:
E.g. (1) "Karim bin Md" may not appreciate getting a letter addressed
to "Dr Karim Bin" (Md is an abbreviation of Muhammad).
E.g. (2) Billing job barfs on a customer who has no given names and no
family name. Inspection reveals that he is over-endowed in the title
department: "Mr Earl King".

Cheers,
John

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Re: IDLE - Customizing output format

[Ilias Lazaridis]

Ilias Lazaridis wrote:
> IDLE has an output format like this:
>
>  >>> object
> 
>  >>> type
> 
>  >>> object.__class__
> 
>  >>> object.__bases__
>
> How can I customize it to become like that:
>
>  >>> object
>  
>  >>> type
>  
>  >>> object.__class__
>  
>  >>> object.__bases__
>
> or that:
>
>  >>> object
>: 
>  >>> type
>: 
>  >>> object.__class__
>: 
>  >>> object.__bases__
>
> (preferably without modifying code)

I am close to finalizing this task, but have two tiny problems:

import the module from within a site_packages *.pth file, or
include the code into sitecustomize, or
import it withine an IDLE session:

# idlex.py
#---
import sys

class ClaimStdOut:
def __init__(self, stream, prefix):
self.stdout = stream   #remember original stream
self.prefix = prefix

def write(self, output):
self.stdout.write(self.prefix + output)


#this one is _not_ executed on import:
sys.stdout = ClaimStdOut(sys.stdout, '=== ')

#workaround:
def f(obj):
if obj is not None:
print repr(obj)
# Claiming StdOut here
sys.stdout = ClaimStdOut(sys.stdout, '::: ')
#disable displayhook (which is just used to set stdout)
sys.displayhook = sys.__displayhook__

# this one _is_ executed on import
sys.displayhook = f
#---

So, why is this line not executed during import?

sys.stdout = ClaimStdOut(sys.stdout, '=== ')

additionally, the output of IDLE looks like this:

IDLE 1.1.3   No Subprocess 
>>> 1==1
True
[the new stdout is active now]
>>> 1==1
::: True:::
>>>

Possibly IDLE prints the CR/LF in a second call.

How can I compare this operating-system-independent?

if (output == ):
self.stdout.write(output)
else:
self.stdout.write(self.prefix + output)

.

--
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Re: n-body problem at shootout.alioth.debian.org

[igouy]

Peter Maas wrote:
> Paul McGuire wrote:
> > The advance method is the most fertile place for optimization, since it is
> > called approximately n(n-1)/2 times (where n=2E7).  I was able to trim about
> > 25% from the Python runtime with these changes:
> [...]
>
> My results:
>
> Your changes: 18% runtime decrease
> Your changes + objects->lists: 25% runtime decrease
>
> The Python program is much closer to the Perl program then (~2250 vs 1900 sec)
> but replacing the objects by lists is not worth the effort because the gain is
> small and the Python program becomes less readable.
>
> Taking arrays (from module array) instead of lists increases runtime by 19%!
>
> If it weren't for the shootout I would of course take psyco and numpy.
>
> --
> Regards/Gruesse,
>
> Peter Maas, Aachen
> E-mail 'cGV0ZXIubWFhc0B1dGlsb2cuZGU=\n'.decode('base64')

We can have our Python and Psyco too :-)

http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/gp4sandbox/fulldata.php?test=nbody&p1=python-0&p2=psyco-4&p3=iron-0&p4=psyco-3

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Re: Can't get around "IndexError: list index out of range"

[MonkeeSage]

On Oct 7, 12:37 pm, Fredrik Lundh <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> for what?

  key in self.keys()

And d.get() looks like sugar for:

  if self.has_key(key):
return self[key]
  else:
return default_value

Why not have the same sugar for sequence types? E.g.,

  def has_index(self, index):
return index < len(self)

  def get(self, index, default=None):
if self.has_index(index):
  return self[index]
return default

I understand not wanting to add bloat without use cases and / or  when
the programmer can easily implement the functionality themselves; but I
don't see why the sugar would be added for dict but not sequence types.
The fact of easy implementation by the programmer without the
convenience method is the same in both cases, and I would assume (but
don't claim to know) that one could find many use cases for, e.g.,
list.has_index() / . get().

Regards,
Jordan

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Re: IDLE - Customizing output format

[Ilias Lazaridis]

Gabriel Genellina wrote:
> At Wednesday 27/9/2006 09:29, Ilias Lazaridis wrote:
>
> >import sys
> >def f(obj):
> > if obj:
> > print '::: ' + repr(obj)
> >sys.displayhook = f
>
> Have you tried that? You have to filter out None, not *any* False value.
>
> > > And notice that this replaces the output of *evaluated* expressions,
> > > not any print statement executed inside your code.
> >
> >Any simple solution for this?
>
> Displaying things interactively is not the same as executing a print
> statement inside the code - I feel right they are not considered the
> same thing. print output goes to sys.stdout, you could replace it.

this is nicely described here:

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/weblog/arch_d7_2006_01_21.shtml#e192

do i need the "getattr" and "writeline" methods in MyStdOut?

.

--
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Re: Painless way to do 3D visualization

[faulkner]

http://www.vpython.org/

Peter Beattie wrote:
> Hey folks,
>
> I need to do the following relatively simple 3D programming:
>
> I want to convert data from four-item tuples into 3D co-ordinates in a
> regular tetrahedron. Co-ordinates come in sequences of 10 to 20, and the
> individual dots in the tetrahedron need to be connected into
> discontinuous lines. A single tetrahedron should contain at least two,
> possibly more, such lines. I would like to show certain similarities in
> the sequences/lines, eg by changing color, thickness, or maybe attaching
> indeces to certain points in a particular sequence.
>
> I'd welcome suggestions as to what might be the most painless way to
> achieve this in Python. So far, I've only tinkered a little with
> VPython, but the lack of any decent documentation has proved to be a
> major turn-off.
> 
> TIA!
> 
> -- 
> Peter

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Painless way to do 3D visualization

[Peter Beattie]

Hey folks,

I need to do the following relatively simple 3D programming:

I want to convert data from four-item tuples into 3D co-ordinates in a
regular tetrahedron. Co-ordinates come in sequences of 10 to 20, and the
individual dots in the tetrahedron need to be connected into
discontinuous lines. A single tetrahedron should contain at least two,
possibly more, such lines. I would like to show certain similarities in
the sequences/lines, eg by changing color, thickness, or maybe attaching
indeces to certain points in a particular sequence.

I'd welcome suggestions as to what might be the most painless way to
achieve this in Python. So far, I've only tinkered a little with
VPython, but the lack of any decent documentation has proved to be a
major turn-off.

TIA!

-- 
Peter
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Re: operator overloading + - / * = etc...

[Tim Chase]

>> With the caveat of the "=" mentioned in the subject-line (being
>> different from "==")...I haven't found any way to override
>> assignment in the general case.
> 
> Why would you want to do that?

For the same reason one would use property() to create 
getter/setter functions for a particular variable--to intercept 
attempts to set a variable.  I'm not sure there's an elegant way 
to do it other than creating a custom container object with a 
getter/setter using property().

My purpose was just to note that the "=" assignment operator is 
distinct from the remainder of the operators that you correctly 
identified can be overridden with their associated __[operator]__ 
method.

-tkc




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Re: People's names (was Re: sqlite3 error)

[Lawrence D'Oliveiro]

In message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Steve
Holden wrote:

> John Machin wrote:
>
> [lots of explanation about peculiarities of people's names]
>
> While I don't dispute any of this erudite display of esoteric
> nomenclature wisdom the fact remains that many (predominantly Western)
> databases do tend to use first and last name (in America often with the
> addition of a one- or two-character "middle initial" field).

Just because most Western designers of databases do it wrong doesn't mean
that a) you should do it wrong, or b) they will continue to do it wrong
into the future, as increasing numbers of those designers come from Asian
and other non-Western backgrounds.

> So, having distilled your knowledge to its essence could you please give
> me some prescriptive advice about what I *should* do? :-)

Has anyone come up with a proper universal table design for storing people's
names?

Certainly "first name" and "last name" are the wrong column names to use. I
think "family name" and "given names" would be a good start. For the
Icelanders, Somalians and the Muslims, their father's name goes in
the "family name" field, which makes sense because all their siblings (of
the same sex, at least) would have the same value in this field.

I wonder if we need another "middle" field for holding the "bin/binte" part
(could also hold, e.g. "Van" for those names that use this).

There would also need to be a flag field to indicate the canonical ordering
for writing out the full name: e.g. family-name-first, given-names-first.
Do we need something else for the Vietnamese case?
-- 
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Re: need some regular expression help

[John Machin]

Chris wrote:
> I need a pattern that  matches a string that has the same number of '('
> as ')':
> findall( compile('...'), '42^((2x+2)sin(x)) + (log(2)/log(5))' ) = [
> '((2x+2)sin(x))', '(log(2)/log(5))' ]
> Can anybody help me out?
>

No, there is so such pattern. You will have to code up a function.

Consider what your spec really is: '42^((2x+2)sin(x)) +
(log(2)/log(5))' has the same number of left and right parentheses; so
does the zero-length string; so does ') + (' -- perhaps you need to add
'and starts with a "("'

Consider what you are going to do with input like this:

print '(' + some_text + ')'

Maybe you need to do some lexical analysis and work at the level of
tokens rather than individual characters.

Which then raises the usual question: you have a perception that
regular expressions are the solution -- to what problem??

HTH,
John

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Re: operator overloading + - / * = etc...

[Sybren Stuvel]

Tim Chase enlightened us with:
> With the caveat of the "=" mentioned in the subject-line (being
> different from "==")...I haven't found any way to override
> assignment in the general case.

Why would you want to do that?

Sybren
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Re: switching to numpy and failing, a user story

[Fernando Perez]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> After using numeric for almost ten years, I decided to attempt to
> switch a large codebase (python and C++) to using numpy. Here's are
> some comments about how that went.
> 
> - The code to automatically switch python stuff over just kind of
> works. But it was a 90% solution, I could do the rest by hand. Of
> course, the problem is that then the code is still using the old
> numeric API, so it's not a long term solution. Unfortunately, to switch
> to the numpy API one needs documentation, which is a problem; see
> below.

[ RNG issues, already addressed ] 

> - My extension modules just won't build because the new numpy stuff
> lives in a different location from where Numeric used to live. I
> probably could fix this, but without the documentation I can't figure
> out how to do that. I'd also need to figure out how to port my code to
> use the new numpy API instead of the compatibility layer, but I can't
> do that without docs either.

I have to call bull on this.  I happen to have the per-pay book, but I
recently converted a large codebase from Numeric to Numpy, and I actually
never had to open the book.  Travis has made sure that the
compatibility-related information is easy to find:

http://www.scipy.org/Converting_from_Numeric 

has most of what you need, and this page:

http://www.tramy.us/guidetoscipy.html

contains a link to the first two chapters FOR FREE.  A lot of what's needed
for a port is covered in there.

In addition, the C API is available here (as well as being obviously in the
source, which you have access to):

http://www.scipy.org/NumPyCapi

And the doc page has many more useful links:

http://www.scipy.org/Documentation

So yes, you have to buy the book.  Travis has sunk over a year of his time
into an absolutely herculean effort that provides working scientists with
tools that are better than anything money can buy (yes, I have access to
both Matlab and IDL, and you can't pay me enough to use them instead of
Python).  

And he has the gall to ask for some money for a 300 page book? How dare he,
when one can walk into any Barnes and Noble and just walk out of the store
with a cart full of books for free!

It's funny how I don't see anyone complaining about any of the Python books
sold here (or at any other publishing house):

http://www.oreilly.com/pub/topic/python

I recently was very happy to pay for the Twisted book, since I need Twisted
for a project and a well-organized book is a good complement to the
auto-generated documentation.


And finally, if you had porting problems, none were reported on any of the
numpy/scipy mailing lists (else you used a different name or email, since I
can't find traces of queries from you my gmail archive where I keep
everything posted on all the lists):

http://www.scipy.org/Mailing_Lists

Lots of people have been porting their codes recently, and inevitably some
have run into difficulties.  EVERY single time when they actually say
something on the list, Travis (and others as well) is very fast with
specific help on exactly how to solve the problems, or with bug fixes when
the problem happens to be a numpy bug discovered by the user.  But don't
take my word for it:

http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?thread_id=30703688&forum_id=4890

(and Francesc has found some really nasty things, given how pytables pushes
numpy far beyond where Numeric ever went, so this is not a light
compliment).

Look, I'm sure you had issues with your code, we all have.  But I want to
make sure that others don't take from your message the wrong impression
regarding numpy, its future, its quality as a scientific computing
platform, or Travis (I'd build the man a statue if I could :).  

The environment which is developing around Python for scientific computing
is nothing short of remarkable.  If you find issues in the process, ask for
help on the numpy/scipy lists and I'm sure you will receive some.  But
please refrain from spreading FUD.

Regards,

f

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Re: Making sure script only runs once instance at a time.

[Lawrence D'Oliveiro]

In message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Tim
Williams wrote:

> On 29/09/06, Matthew Warren <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> I have found that in real usage of other programs within the company that
>> use lockfiles, it sometimes causes a bit of troubleshooting time when it
>> stops working due to a stale lockfile.. This especially happens when the
>> program is killed, the lockfile remains and causes minor annoyance (to
>> somebody who knows that is, more annoyance to somebody who doesn't).
> 
> Then they were checking for the wrong thing :)  Chcking for a lock
> file's existance is prone to the above problem.

My script deals with this
.
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Re: need some regular expression help

[Diez B. Roggisch]

Chris wrote:
> I need a pattern that  matches a string that has the same number of '('
> as ')':
> findall( compile('...'), '42^((2x+2)sin(x)) + (log(2)/log(5))' ) = [
> '((2x+2)sin(x))', '(log(2)/log(5))' ]
> Can anybody help me out?

This is not possible with regular expressions - they can't "remember"
how many parens they already encountered.

You will need a real parser for this - pyparsing seems to be the most
popular choice today, I personally like spark. I'm sure you find an
example-grammar that will parse simple arithmetical expressions like
the one above.

Diez

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Re: operator overloading + - / * = etc...

[Georg Brandl]

Tim Chase wrote:
>>> Can these operators be overloaded?
>> 
>> Yes.
> 
> With the caveat of the "=" mentioned in the subject-line (being 
> different from "==")...I haven't found any way to override 
> assignment in the general case.  There might be some oddball way 
> to do it via property() but AFAIK, this only applies to 
> properties of objects, not top-level names/variables.  I'd love 
> to know if there's some workaround for this though...

In almost all cases, binding a name cannot be overridden.

There is a possibility to do that with globals, provided you do

exec code in globals_dict

where globals_dict is an instance of a subclass of dict that has a
customized __setitem__.

Georg
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Re: Encoding and norwegian (non ASCII) characters.

[Peter Otten]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> Hello,
> 
> I am having great problems writing norwegian characters æøå to file
> from a python application. My (simplified) scenario is as follows:
> 
> 1. I have a web form where the user can enter his name.
> 
> 2. I use the cgi module module to get to the input from the user:
> 
> name = form["name"].value
> 
> 3. The name is stored in a file
> 
> fileH = open(namefile , "a")
> fileH.write("name:%s \n" % name)
> fileH.close()
> 
> Now, this works very well indeed as long the users have 'ascii' names,
> however when someone enters a name with one of the norwegian characters
> æøå - it breaks at the write() statement.
> 
>UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0x8f in position
> 
> 
> Now - I understand that the ascii codec can't be used to decode the
> particular characters, however my attempts of specifying an alternative
> encoding have all failed.
> 
> I have tried variants along the line:
> 
>fileH = codecs.open(namefile , "a" , "latin-1") / fileH =
> open(namefile , "a")
>fileH.write(name)   /fileH.write(name.encode("latin-1"))
> 
> It seems *whatever* I do the Python interpreter fails to see my pledge
> for an alternative encoding, and fails with the dreaded
> UnicodeDecodeError.
> 
> Any tips on this would be *highly* appreciated.

The approach with codecs.open() should succeed

>>> out = codecs.open("tmp.txt", "a", "latin1")
>>> out.write(u"æøå")
>>> out.write("abc")
>>> out.write("æøå")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in ?
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/codecs.py", line 501, in write
return self.writer.write(data)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/codecs.py", line 178, in write
data, consumed = self.encode(object, self.errors)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 0:
ordinal not in range(128)

provided that you write only unicode strings with characters in the range
unichr(0)...unichr(255) and normal strs in the range chr(0)...chr(127).

You have to decode non-ascii strs before feeding them to write() with the
appropriate encoding (that only you know)

>>> out.write(unicode("\xe6\xf8\xe5", "latin1"))

If there are unicode code points beyond unichr(255) you have to change the
encoding in codecs.open(), typically to UTF-8.

# raises UnicodeEncodeError
codecs.open("tmp.txt", "a", "latin1").write(u"\u1234") 

# works
codecs.open("tmp.txt", "a", "utf8").write(u"\u1234")

Peter

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Re: operator overloading + - / * = etc...

[Tim Chase]

>> Can these operators be overloaded?
> 
> Yes.

With the caveat of the "=" mentioned in the subject-line (being 
different from "==")...I haven't found any way to override 
assignment in the general case.  There might be some oddball way 
to do it via property() but AFAIK, this only applies to 
properties of objects, not top-level names/variables.  I'd love 
to know if there's some workaround for this though...

-tkc



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Reminder re Talk Proposals for PyCon 2007

[Jeff Rush]

October has arrived and the deadline for submitting a proposal to give a talk
at PyCon 2007 is October 31 (November 15 for tutorials).  While it is a PyCon
tradition to wait until the last minute to flood us with submissions, I would
like to encourage presenters to start a bit earlier this year.

We have a new talk (not tutorial) submissions system which lets you interact
with your proposal online, rather than a fire-and-forget
one-chance-to-get-it-right approach.  You'll need to create a user account at:

http://us.pycon.org/apps07/proposals/

Then you can post, revise and exchange a few comments with the proposal
reviewers, which can be useful to clarify your talk focus.

And it would be a great show of support, and relieve some stress of the
organizers, if those who are even considering giving a talk would create a
user account in the system.  You can still change your mind, but even a
skeletal proposal that you're pondering giving a talk about XYZ and you're
still working up your outline would be welcome.  It would help us in planning
topic coverage and whether we are reaching certain sectors of the Python
community.

PyCon is community-run and we need the involvement of everyone.  If you
didn't get the talks at previous PyCons you wanted, this is the
chance for you to make your wishes know.  If you can't give a talk, badger
(nicely) members of the relevant technical group to step forward.  Ask for a
talk in your forums.

We have a wiki page of topic idea at:

  http://us.pycon.org/TX2007/TalkIdeas

so add a link and create a subpage that contains the outline of your dream
talk, and then shop it around to find a speaker to give it. ;-)

Jeff Rush
PyCon 2007 Co-Chair
---
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Re: operator overloading + - / * = etc...

[Daniel Nogradi]

> Can these operators be overloaded?
> If so.  How?
>

http://www.python.org/doc/ref/numeric-types.html

HTH,
Daniel
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Re: A critique of cgi.escape

[Lawrence D'Oliveiro]

Another useful function is this:

def JSString(Str) :
"""returns a JavaScript string literal that evaluates to Str. Note
I'm not worrying about non-ASCII characters for now."""
Result = []
for Ch in Str :
if Ch == "\\" :
Ch = ""
elif Ch == "\"" :
Ch = "\\\""
elif Ch == "\t" :
Ch = "\\t"
elif Ch == "\n" :
Ch = "\\n"
#end if
Result.append(Ch)
#end for
return "\"" + "".join(Result) + "\""
#end JSString

This can be used, for instance in

sys.stdout.write \
  (
"window.setTimeout(%s, 1000)\n"
%
JSString("alert(%s)" % JSString("Hi There!"))
  )

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Re: operator overloading + - / * = etc...

[Sybren Stuvel]

SpreadTooThin enlightened us with:
> Can these operators be overloaded?

Yes.

> If so.  How?

Implement __add__, __sub__ etc. in the class that you want to be able
to add, subtract, etc.

Sybren
-- 
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Stüvel IT - http://www.stuvel.eu/
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Re: ANN: SimpleJSONRPCServer

[Sybren Stuvel]

aum enlightened us with:
> I've built a module called SimpleJSONRPCServer, which is essentially
> the same as the familiar python library module SimpleXMLRPCServer,
> except that it uses the JSON-RPC protocol.

Thanks a lot! I've used XML-RPC on a low-speed device, and it was way
too slow.

Sybren
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Stüvel IT - http://www.stuvel.eu/
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Re: n-body problem at shootout.alioth.debian.org

[Peter Maas]

Paul McGuire wrote:
> The advance method is the most fertile place for optimization, since it is 
> called approximately n(n-1)/2 times (where n=2E7).  I was able to trim about 
> 25% from the Python runtime with these changes:
[...]

My results:

Your changes: 18% runtime decrease
Your changes + objects->lists: 25% runtime decrease

The Python program is much closer to the Perl program then (~2250 vs 1900 sec)
but replacing the objects by lists is not worth the effort because the gain is
small and the Python program becomes less readable.

Taking arrays (from module array) instead of lists increases runtime by 19%!

If it weren't for the shootout I would of course take psyco and numpy.

-- 
Regards/Gruesse,

Peter Maas, Aachen
E-mail 'cGV0ZXIubWFhc0B1dGlsb2cuZGU=\n'.decode('base64')
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need some regular expression help

[Chris]

I need a pattern that  matches a string that has the same number of '('
as ')':
findall( compile('...'), '42^((2x+2)sin(x)) + (log(2)/log(5))' ) = [
'((2x+2)sin(x))', '(log(2)/log(5))' ]
Can anybody help me out?

Thanks for any help!

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operator overloading + - / * = etc...

[SpreadTooThin]

Can these operators be overloaded?
If so.  How?

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ANN: SimpleJSONRPCServer

[aum]

Hi,

I've built a module called SimpleJSONRPCServer, which is essentially the
same as the familiar python library module SimpleXMLRPCServer, except that
it uses the JSON-RPC protocol.

For those unfamiliar with JSON-RPC - see www.json-rpc.org - it's an
alternative to XML-RPC, offering most of its capabilities, but using far
less traffic and requiring less processing time on the server and client.

For more information, downloads and a live demo, visit:
http://www.freenet.org.nz/dojo/pyjson

If any Python honchos here want to raise a PEP for it, I'd support that
fully.

Cheers
aum


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Re: class print?

[Erik Max Francis]

SpreadTooThin wrote:

> Hi... Many python object can be printed simpy by saying:
> print obj
> what method(s) need to be implemented in my own classes such that print
> dumps the object?

__str__

-- 
Erik Max Francis && [EMAIL PROTECTED] && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
  San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && AIM, Y!M erikmaxfrancis
   Can I walk with you / 'Till the day that my heart stops beating
-- India Arie
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class print?

[SpreadTooThin]

Hi... Many python object can be printed simpy by saying:
print obj
what method(s) need to be implemented in my own classes such that print
dumps the object?

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Encoding and norwegian (non ASCII) characters.

[joakim . hove]

Hello,

I am having great problems writing norwegian characters æøå to file
from a python application. My (simplified) scenario is as follows:

1. I have a web form where the user can enter his name.

2. I use the cgi module module to get to the input from the user:

name = form["name"].value

3. The name is stored in a file

fileH = open(namefile , "a")
fileH.write("name:%s \n" % name)
fileH.close()

Now, this works very well indeed as long the users have 'ascii' names,
however when someone enters a name with one of the norwegian characters
æøå - it breaks at the write() statement.

   UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0x8f in position


Now - I understand that the ascii codec can't be used to decode the
particular characters, however my attempts of specifying an alternative
encoding have all failed.

I have tried variants along the line:

   fileH = codecs.open(namefile , "a" , "latin-1") / fileH =
open(namefile , "a")
   fileH.write(name)   /fileH.write(name.encode("latin-1"))

It seems *whatever* I do the Python interpreter fails to see my pledge
for an alternative encoding, and fails with the dreaded
UnicodeDecodeError.

Any tips on this would be *highly* appreciated.


Joakim

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Re: n-body problem at shootout.alioth.debian.org

[Peter Maas]

Giovanni Bajo wrote:
> Did you try using an old-style class instead of a new-style class?

The original program has an old style class, changing it to a new
style class increases run time by 25% (version is 2.4.3 btw).

-- 
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Peter Maas, Aachen
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Re: How to execute a python script in .NET application

[MC]

Hi!

dotNET can use (call) COM-servers

In pywin, there are exemple of COM-server, in Python, who can run 
(on-the-fly) Python code.

This give a way for run Python's scripts from dotNET, Excel, Word, 
Internet-Explorer (HTA), C#, etc.  I have try all these things, with 
success.

-- 
@-salutations

Michel Claveau


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Re: curses problem reading cursor keys

[Rainy]

Simon Morgan wrote:
> On Sat, 07 Oct 2006 13:12:33 +, Simon Morgan wrote:
>
> > import curses
> >
> > def main(scr):
> > status = curses.newwin(1, curses.COLS, 0, 0) status.bkgd('0')
> > status.refresh()
> >
> > list = curses.newwin(curses.LINES, curses.COLS, 1, 0) list.bkgd('X')
> > list.refresh()
>
> If I use scr.subwin() instead of curses.newwin()...
>
> > y = 0
> > while True:
> > c = list.getch()
>
> and scr.getch() instead of list.getch(), things seem to work. I'd still
> really like to know what's going on though.
>
> > if c in (curses.KEY_UP, curses.KEY_DOWN, ord('z')):
> > list.addstr("Match!")
> > elif c == ord('q'):
> > break
> >
> > curses.wrapper(main)

I don't have a linux here now but I vaguely remember running into this.
I think what I did was just writing down what code you do get when
pressing down and up, etc, and using that code. By the way I looked
around back then and didn't find any thorough tutorials on curses,
either.

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Re: Help with first script please. files, directories, autocomplete

[Rainy]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Hello everyone. Hopefully someone can point me in the right direction
> here. I'm wanting to write a script to open microsoft word and adobe
> pdf documents . Here is a little background:
>
> At the company where I work (an inspection firm) all reports of
> inspections are saved as word files. A particular file may contain many
> reports named like this; 12345A-F.doc. This file contains six reports.
> Most inspections also require a technique which is saved as a pdf. The
> pdf filename is the identification of the part being inspected.
>
> My command line script will work like this: The user is asked whether
> they are searching for a technique or a report
>
> > Find (c)ertificate or (t)echnique
>
> if they press 'c' they are then asked to enter certificate number.
> Using the code below, no enter is needed
>
> import msvcrt
> print "Find (t)echnique or (c)ertificate: "
> ch = msvcrt.getch()
> if ch == 't':
>   print "Enter technique number: "
> elif ch == 'c':
>   print "Enter certificate number: "
> else:
>   print 'command not understood.'
> raw_input()
>
> Obviously I will need to wrap this into a function. What I need to know
> how to do is save the two directories where the files are stored. if
> 'c' is selected I want to use that as the directory to search. same for
> techniques. What is the best way to do this? I would also like to have
> the text autocomplete after maybe three characters, is this possible?
> Am I correct in thinking all files would have to be stored in a list
> for this to work?
>
> As you can tell I am new to programming. I don't want someone to write
> this script for me, just give me some pointers to get going (maybe a
> tutorial on the net). Unless someone really wants to write it of
> course!
>
> Many thanks and sorry for the long post.

You can store the dir name as a variable:

>>> d = 'c:\home'
>>> from os import *
>>> listdir(d)
['.Config.pm.swp', '.run.bat.swp', 'AHK scripts', 'Archive',
'Config.pm', 'Docs', 'Images', 'Links', 'Music', 'Projects', 'Python
programs', 'run.bat', 'Share', 'Torrent']

As you see files are already in a list if you use listdir function.

You can autocomplete by getting each character, running through the
list and comparing using startswith() function:

>>> l = listdir(d)
>>> m = [m for m in l if m.startswith('A')]
>>> m
['AHK scripts', 'Archive']

Then you can check how many matches you got. If you get one, print it
and ask for Enter to finalize the choice.

You might want to read tutorial on python.org. You also might want to
buy a python book, or read any number of other tutorials online if you
don't want to spend money right now. Your questions are kind of basic,
I don't want to discourage you but as you go along you will run into
many other things and it's not practical to ask every time and wait for
the answer (although people here are glad to help). 

 -Rainy

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Job announcement Vienna&Graz Austria

[le_wolk]

Python and Java Developers for reseach project hired!
More information below...


Information Diffusion across Interactive Online Media
http://www.idiom.at/

Four full-time research positions are now available at Graz University
of
Technology and Vienna University of Economics and Business
Administration.
As of November 2006, we aim to hire four young researchers in the
following areas (Application deadline = October 15):

** Visualizing Semantic and Geographic Data
** Social Software and Content Management Systems
** Semantic Technologies and Ontology Engineering
** Software Development and Information Retrieval

Further details and the full text of the announcements (in German) are
available at http://www.idiom.at/.

Project Description

Recent advances in collaborative Web technology are governed by network
effects and harnessing collective intelligence through customer-self
service and algorithmic data management. As a result, information
spreads
rapidly across Web sites, blogs, Wiki applications, and direct
communication channels between members of online communities who
utilize
these services. The IDIOM (Information Diffusion across Interactive
Online
Media) project will support and investigate electronic interactivity by
means of a generic, service-oriented architecture. This architecture
will
include ontology-based tools to build and maintain contextualized
information spaces, a framework for analyzing content diffusion and
interaction patterns within these spaces, and interface technology
enabling users to switch between semantic and geospatial topologies.

--
Mag. Gerhard Wohlgenannt | [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Projekt AVALON/WU Wien, Aug. 2-6 | Tel: ++43 1 31336 5228
--

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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[Aahz]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Giovanni Bajo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>Are you ever going to try and make a point which is not "you are not
>entitled to have opinions because you do not act"? Your sarcasm is
>getting annoying. And since I'm not trolling nor flaming, I think I
>deserve a little bit more of respect.

IMO, regardless of whether you are trolling or flaming, you are certainly
being disrespectful.  Why should we treat you with any more respect than
you give others?
-- 
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"If you don't know what your program is supposed to do, you'd better not
start writing it."  --Dijkstra
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Re: curses problem reading cursor keys

[Simon Morgan]

On Sat, 07 Oct 2006 13:12:33 +, Simon Morgan wrote:

> import curses
> 
> def main(scr):
> status = curses.newwin(1, curses.COLS, 0, 0) status.bkgd('0')
> status.refresh()
> 
> list = curses.newwin(curses.LINES, curses.COLS, 1, 0) list.bkgd('X')
> list.refresh()

If I use scr.subwin() instead of curses.newwin()...

> y = 0
> while True:
> c = list.getch()

and scr.getch() instead of list.getch(), things seem to work. I'd still
really like to know what's going on though.

> if c in (curses.KEY_UP, curses.KEY_DOWN, ord('z')):
> list.addstr("Match!")
> elif c == ord('q'):
> break
> 
> curses.wrapper(main)
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Re: error handling in user input: is this natural or just laborious

[sam]

a huge amount to think about there. special thanks to james for taking
the time to make such   detailed responses. the problem is that even
though nested loops and the like place a heavy analytical burden on the
programmer (i.e. me) as he tries to remember what does what,
conceptualizing a program as a collection of classes and functions tied
together with a minimal amount of code brings to bear what is, at the
moment, an even greater burden.

my gut feeling is that, over time (as james said was true in his own
case), and with practice, the relative weights of these two burdens
change so that the procedural approach becomes easier to adopt, and its
benefits of readability and maintainability easier to enjoy. fingers
crossed...

i will continue coding the monte carlo machine until it does what i
want in more or less clumsy fashion, and might put it up here if it
feels like it would be of interest.

thanks again,

sam

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Re: Dumping the state of a deadlocked process

[fumanchu]

Dennis Lee Bieber wrote:
> On 6 Oct 2006 12:59:31 -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] declaimed the
> following in comp.lang.python:
>
> > I'm currently having some issues with a process getting deadlocked. The
> > problem is that the only way I can seem to find information about where
> > it deadlocks is by making a wild guess, insert a pdb.set_trace() before
> > this point, and then step until it locks up, hoping that I've guessed
> > right.
> >
>   I presume the process is using threads? If it is truly deadlocked,
> then you must have some mutual calls to lock objects somewhere... It
> would seem that rather than just randomly inserting debug statements you
> should surround each call to a lock with statements.
>
>   print "Locking xyz"
>   xyz.acquire()   #or whatever the syntax is
>   print "Locked xyz"
>
>
>
>   print "Releasing xyz"
>   xyz.release()
>   print "Released xyz"
>
>
>   You'd need something like that around any potentially blocking
> operation -- queue operations, subprocess operations, socket
> operations... Rather than print statements you may wish to implement it
> via the logging module.

If you don't mind a potentially large log file, use the pyconquer
module I maintain here: http://projects.amor.org/misc/wiki/PyConquer
which uses settrace to do the logging in a much more readable and
manageable way than printlining. Try an initial run using the default
settings to narrow down the culprit, and then a run with C events
turned on if the first run wasn't enough. It should help out even if
your program is not multi-threaded, but it realy shines with threads.
:)


Robert Brewer
System Architect
Amor Ministries
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

P.S. Oh, and ignore the times in the output for now; that's still work
in progress.

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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[Tim Peters]

[Giovanni Bajo]
> I understand your concerns, but I have to remember you that most bug reports
> submitted by users go totally ignored for several years, or, better, forever. 
> I
> do not have a correct statistic for this,

Indeed you do not.

> but I'm confident that at least 80% of the RFE or patches filed every week
> is totally ignored, and probably at least 50% of the bugs too.

None are /totally ignored/ -- indeed, at least I see every one as it
comes in.  You might want to change your claim to that no work
obviously visible to you is done on them.  That would be better.  But,
in fact, most bugs and patches are eventually closed, and many that
stay open involve such obscure platform-dependent mysteries that
nobody with sufficient platform expertise to resolve them appears to
exist.  For example, if you'd prefer, I'll assign all bugs and patches
involving threads on HP-UX to you from now on ;-)

These are the actual stats as of a few minutes ago:

Bugs:  938 open of 7169 total ~= 87% closed
Patches:  429 open of 3846 total ~= 89% closed
Feature Requests:  240 open of 479 total ~= 50% closed

> I think there is a much bigger problem here wrt QOS.

Well, you're confident that 80% of patches are ignored.  In reality,
89% of all patches ever submitted have been pursued to final
resolution.  Call me a stickler for detail, but something just doesn't
jibe there to my eyes ;-)

There's an easy way to improve these percentages dramatically,
although they're not bad as-is:  run thru them and close every one
that isn't entirely clear.  For example, reject every feature request,
close every patch that changes visible behavior not /clearly/ fixing a
bona fide bug, and close every "bug report" that's really a feature
request or random "but Perl/Ruby/PHP doesn't do it this way" complaint
in disguise.

The Python developers tend to keep a report open if there's a scant
non-zero chance that somebody, someday, might appear who's motivated
enough to make something of it.  If the goal was instead to make the
percentages "look good", they could easily and justifiably be
dramatically "improved" before today ends.

For example, the oldest patch open today is a speculative
implementation of rational numbers for Python.  This is really a
feature request in disguise, and has very little chance-- but not /no/
chance --of ever being accepted.  The oldest bug open today is from 6
years ago, and looks like an easy-to-answer /question/ about the
semantics of regular expressions in Python 1.6.  I could take time to
close that one now, but is that a /good/  use of time?  Yes, but, at
the moment, even finishing this reply seems to be a /better/ use of my
time -- and after that, I'm going to get something to eat ;-)

Note that I don't mean to claim that turnaround time on bugs and
patches is ideal.  To the contrary, if it's /my/ bug or patch I'm
looking at it, turnaround time sucks, and if you're looking at yours,
likewise for you.  That's what happens when there are thousands of
"you"s and a handful of "them"s, all of the latter volunteering "spare
time".

OTOH, turnaround time on Python bugs classified as critical is superb.
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Re: Can't get around "IndexError: list index out of range"

[Fredrik Lundh]

MonkeeSage wrote:

> True. But valid dictionary keys are exactly d.keys(). The has_key
> method is just sugar.

for what?  are you sure you're using "sugar" as it is usually used when 
talking about computer languages?



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Re: Names changed to protect the guilty

[Scott David Daniels]

John Machin wrote:
> ...  any function/method whose name begins with "has" or "is"
> returns an honest-to-goodness actual bool (or what passed for
> one in former times).

True for 75% of the builtins:
>>> import __builtin__
>>> sorted(nm for nm in dir(__builtin__)
if nm.startswith('is') or nm.startswith('has'))
['hasattr', 'hash', 'isinstance', 'issubclass']
>>> [hasattr(type,'mro'), hash(123), isinstance(type, type),
 issubclass(type, type)]
[True, 123, True, True]

:-)

--Scott David Daniels
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: Is there an alternative to os.walk?

[Bruce]

waylan wrote:
> Bruce wrote:
> > Hi all,
> > I have a question about traversing file systems, and could use some
> > help. Because of directories with many files in them, os.walk appears
> > to be rather slow. I`m thinking there is a potential for speed-up since
> > I don`t need os.walk to report filenames of all the files in every
> > directory it visits. Is there some clever way to use os.walk or another
> > tool that would provide functionality like os.walk except for the
> > listing of the filenames?
>
> You might want to check out the path module [1] (not os.path). The
> following is from the docs:
>
> > The method path.walk() returns an iterator which steps recursively
> > through a whole directory tree. path.walkdirs() and path.walkfiles()
> > are the same, but they yield only the directories and only the files,
> > respectively.
>
> Oh, and you can thank Paul Bissex for pointing me to path [2].
>

> [1]: http://www.jorendorff.com/articles/python/path/
> [2]: http://e-scribe.com/news/289

A little late but.. thanks for the replies, was very useful. Here`s
what I do in this case:

def search(a_dir):
   valid_dirs = []
   walker = os.walk(a_dir)
   while 1:
   try:
   dirpath, dirnames, filenames = walker.next()
   except StopIteration:
   break
   if dirtest(dirpath,filenames):
   valid_dirs.append(dirpath)
   return valid_dirs

def dirtest(a_dir):
   testfiles = ['a','b','c']
   for f in testfiles:
   if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(a_dir,f)):
   return 0
   return 1

I think you`re right - it`s not os.walk that makes this slow, it`s the
dirtest method that takes so much more time when there are many files
in a directory. Also, thanks for pointing me to the path module, was
interesting.

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Re: Can't get around "IndexError: list index out of range"

[MonkeeSage]

On Oct 7, 3:27 am, Gabriel Genellina <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> The meaning comes from the most common usage.

I wasn't suggesting that the "in" keyword have a different sematic for
sequence types. I was just saying that regarding the question whether
there is anything similar to "dict.has_key / k in dict" for lists, the
"in" keyword is not semantically analogous.

> Because it's not needed at all: valid sequence indexes are *exactly*
> range(len(seq)). This is the basic point of being a sequence: when
> indexes are not contiguous, in fact you have a mapping, not a sequence.

True. But valid dictionary keys are exactly d.keys(). The has_key
method is just sugar.

> Sometimes, maybe... But since you can write it efficientely in a few
> lines when needed, I don't see the need to put it into the core language.

Couldn't the same be said for dictionaries? I could write for
sequences:

if index < len(seq) and seq[index]: ...

But I could also write for dictionaries:

if key in dic.keys() and dic[key]: ...

I just wonder why the syntactic sugar was added for dicts, but not for
sequence types.

Regards,
Jordan

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Re: Multiple calls to logging.config.fileConfig

[Vinay Sajip]

logging.config.fileConfig() does not do incremental configuration - it
replaces the existing configuration with the configuration in the file
passed to fileConfig. While this might not be too useful for your
current needs, the present behaviour is by design...fileConfig is meant
to choose between one of a number of configurations (e.g. development,
test, production) and not for incremental configuration.

Regards,

Vinay Sajip

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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[Giovanni Bajo]

Steve Holden wrote:

>> I understand your concerns, but I have to remember you that most bug
>> reports submitted by users go totally ignored for several years, or,
>> better, forever. I do not have a correct statistic for this, but I'm
>> confident that at least 80% of the RFE or patches filed every week
>> is totally ignored, and probably at least 50% of the bugs too. I
>> think there is a much bigger problem here wrt QOS.
>>
>> So, you might prefer 6-10 people to activate a new tracker account
>> faster than light. I'd rather have 3-days delay in administrative
>> issues because our single administrator is sleeping or whatever, and
>> then have 2-3 people doing regular bug processing.
>
> ... and if wishes were horses then beggars would ride.

Are you ever going to try and make a point which is not "you are not entitled
to have opinions because you do not act"? Your sarcasm is getting annoying. And
since I'm not trolling nor flaming, I think I deserve a little bit more of
respect.
-- 
Giovanni Bajo


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Re: Help with first script please. files, directories, autocomplete

[simonharrison]

Forgot to mention I'm using python 2.5 on windows xp.

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Help with first script please. files, directories, autocomplete

[simonharrison]

Hello everyone. Hopefully someone can point me in the right direction
here. I'm wanting to write a script to open microsoft word and adobe
pdf documents . Here is a little background:

At the company where I work (an inspection firm) all reports of
inspections are saved as word files. A particular file may contain many
reports named like this; 12345A-F.doc. This file contains six reports.
Most inspections also require a technique which is saved as a pdf. The
pdf filename is the identification of the part being inspected.

My command line script will work like this: The user is asked whether
they are searching for a technique or a report

> Find (c)ertificate or (t)echnique

if they press 'c' they are then asked to enter certificate number.
Using the code below, no enter is needed

import msvcrt
print "Find (t)echnique or (c)ertificate: "
ch = msvcrt.getch()
if ch == 't':
  print "Enter technique number: "
elif ch == 'c':
  print "Enter certificate number: "
else:
  print 'command not understood.'
raw_input()

Obviously I will need to wrap this into a function. What I need to know
how to do is save the two directories where the files are stored. if
'c' is selected I want to use that as the directory to search. same for
techniques. What is the best way to do this? I would also like to have
the text autocomplete after maybe three characters, is this possible?
Am I correct in thinking all files would have to be stored in a list
for this to work?

As you can tell I am new to programming. I don't want someone to write
this script for me, just give me some pointers to get going (maybe a
tutorial on the net). Unless someone really wants to write it of
course!

Many thanks and sorry for the long post.

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Re: Kde Taskbar

[DarkBlue]

David Boddie wrote:

> On Saturday 07 October 2006 14:59, DarkBlue wrote:
> 
>> In linux I use kmail as my email client under KDE,
>> if a message comes in the Kontact button in the
>> taskbar changes to blue.
>> How can I have the same behaviour in a python app ?
> 
> You need to activate the window associated with the application.
> 
>> I have a python script which runs nicely under linux
>> now every so often I want to be notified by some event,
>> in this case that a record has been added to a database
>> and I want to have the application button in the taskbar
>> to change color
> 
> If the script is running in a console, you'll need to activate
> the window containing the console. I tried doing this by accessing
> konsole's DCOP interface, but couldn't find a suitable method to
> call. If you know which konsole your script is running in, you might
> find that you can raise the window with
> 
>   dcop konsole- konsole-mainwindow#1 raise
> 
> where  is the process ID of the konsole. This might have the
> effect of causing its taskbar button to change color. You can find
> information about the konsole from the KONSOLE_* environment
> variables.
> 
> It would be good if konsole had a DCOP method that enabled you to
> activate its window, or if kicker exported an interface for the
> taskbar, or even if kwin had some way of letting you activate a
> window given its ID. Unfortunately, I couldn't find methods for
> any of these, so you would have to think about using PyKDE to get
> at this functionality.
> 
> It would be good if someone could prove me wrong on any of this. ;-)
> 
> David

My python app actually is a pythoncard app
which I hope will make things easier.

Db
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Re: Kde Taskbar

[DarkBlue]

Diez B. Roggisch wrote:

> 
> pykde afaik supports systray-iconified apps. And you could use the
> dcop-mechanisms that are available as command line tools as well I
> guess, and invoke knotify.
> 
> Hope this gives you some pointers - I'm currently on my mac so I can't
> provide an actual example.
> 
> Diez
Thank you ,
a quick look at pykde tells me that 
this will need some research 

Db
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Re: Kde Taskbar

[David Boddie]

On Saturday 07 October 2006 14:59, DarkBlue wrote:

> In linux I use kmail as my email client under KDE,
> if a message comes in the Kontact button in the
> taskbar changes to blue.
> How can I have the same behaviour in a python app ?

You need to activate the window associated with the application.

> I have a python script which runs nicely under linux
> now every so often I want to be notified by some event,
> in this case that a record has been added to a database
> and I want to have the application button in the taskbar
> to change color

If the script is running in a console, you'll need to activate
the window containing the console. I tried doing this by accessing
konsole's DCOP interface, but couldn't find a suitable method to
call. If you know which konsole your script is running in, you might
find that you can raise the window with

  dcop konsole- konsole-mainwindow#1 raise

where  is the process ID of the konsole. This might have the
effect of causing its taskbar button to change color. You can find
information about the konsole from the KONSOLE_* environment
variables.

It would be good if konsole had a DCOP method that enabled you to
activate its window, or if kicker exported an interface for the
taskbar, or even if kwin had some way of letting you activate a
window given its ID. Unfortunately, I couldn't find methods for
any of these, so you would have to think about using PyKDE to get
at this functionality.

It would be good if someone could prove me wrong on any of this. ;-)

David
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Re: Names changed to protect the guilty

[Aahz]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Aahz wrote:
>> In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
>> MonkeeSage <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>>On Oct 6, 6:27 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Aahz) wrote:

 The following line of lightly munged code was found in a publicly
 available Python library...
>>>
>>>Yes, this violates the Holy, Inspired, Infallible Style Guide (pbuh),
>>>which was written by the very finger of God when the world was still in
>>>chaotic darkness.
>>
>> Did you actually analyze the line of code?  Particularly WRT the way it
>> operates in different versions of Python?
>
>A comment on the "style" issue, before we get into the real WTF
>analysis: any function/method whose name begins with "has" or "is"
>returns an honest-to-goodness actual bool (or what passed for one in
>former times). IMHO, any comparison with [] being regarded as false and
>[0] being regarded as true is irrelevant, and writing "has_something()
>== False" or "has_something() is False" is utterly ludicrous.

Exactly.  Another way of putting this: it's so wrong, it isn't even
wrong.
-- 
Aahz ([EMAIL PROTECTED])   <*> http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"If you don't know what your program is supposed to do, you'd better not
start writing it."  --Dijkstra
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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[James Graham]

Steve Holden wrote:
> Giovanni Bajo wrote:
> [...]
>>
>> I understand your concerns, but I have to remember you that most bug 
>> reports
>> submitted by users go totally ignored for several years, or, better, 
>> forever. I
>> do not have a correct statistic for this, but I'm confident that at 
>> least 80%
>> of the RFE or patches filed every week is totally ignored, and 
>> probably at
>> least 50% of the bugs too. I think there is a much bigger problem here 
>> wrt QOS.
>>
>> So, you might prefer 6-10 people to activate a new tracker account 
>> faster than
>> light. I'd rather have 3-days delay in administrative issues because 
>> our single
>> administrator is sleeping or whatever, and then have 2-3 people doing 
>> regular
>> bug processing.
> 
> ... and if wishes were horses then beggars would ride.

FWIW, this situation (few administrators compared to the number of 
community members involved in triage) is basically the situation for the 
Mozilla project's bug database (which is a bugzilla install, of course), 
This was the case even before the corporation was founded so it's not a 
funding issue. My impression has always been that people who kept the 
bug database clean (moving things to the right component, hunting out 
duplicates, verifying fixes, and so on) are seen as vital and accorded 
appropriate respect by the Mozilla development community.

I don't think I have any specific point to make except, perhaps, that by 
making the right noises, it is quite possible to get a useful number of 
people helping with bug processing work.
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Re: building strings from variables

[Gal Diskin]

First of all - thanks for all the replies. (Sorry for my slowness in
answering, but I wrote this message from work, just before leaving for
the weekend.)

I found a couple of posts that might be of interest:
Regarding speed I found a similar discussion in this newsgroup with
interesting results:
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_frm/thread/86aa0dd9dc0ed9cd/502a252f2c5ed778
Wesley, you might be interested to find that join is not necessarily
faster according to this thread. Jordan you might also be interested to
see their benchmarking.
The following post may also be of interest:
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/msg/5ca4321e1d493fe9
(I haven't found the time to check this one myself so it comes with
limited warranty)

Regarding readability and "better" code my preferred methods are the 2
methods I haven't mentioned introduced by Rainy (%(varname)s ..." %
globals()) and by Scott David Daniels (' '.join[...]). Thanks, I
already knew join, but failed to include it for some reason but I
wasn't aware you could use dictionaries like this as well.

Thanks Jordan for making the effort to do the benchmarking. I think I
got similar results on several machines - according to my personal
benchmarking (based on short strings, and therefore relevant only to
such), the fastest method is "%s %d %s" % (p1, p2, p3) . However, all
other methods get close results (i.e. not above 1.5x runtime) except
for template.replace which is much slower by rate of about 15x. When it
comes to choosing between using template.replace or "%(varname)s ..." %
globals() my preference is for the latter without a doubt.

--
Gal Diskin
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Work: +972-4-865-1637
Cell:   +972-54-7594166

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Re: building strings from variables

[Gal Diskin]

Matthew Warren wrote:
> > -Original Message-
> > From:
> > [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > rg] On Behalf Of Gal Diskin
> > Sent: 05 October 2006 16:01
> > To: python-list@python.org
> > Subject: building strings from variables
> >
> > Following a discussion with an associate at work about various ways to
> > build strings from variables in python, I'd like to hear your opinions
> > and preferred methods. The methods we discussed are:
> > 1.  some_string = "cd %s ; %s  %d %s %s" % ( working_dir, ssh_cmd,
> > some_count, some_param1, some_param2)
> >
> > 2. import string
> > template = string.Template("cd $dir ; $cmd $count $param1
> > $param2")
> > some_string = template.substitute(dict(dir=working_dir,
> >
> > cmd=ssh_cmd,
> >
> > count=some_count,
> >
> > pararm1=some_param1,
> >
> > param2=some_param2))
> > here you can use a couple of nice tricks by using class.__dict__ and
> > globals() \ locals() dictionaries.
> >
> > 3. some_string = "cd "+working_dir+" ; "+ssh_cmd+ "
> > "+str(some_count)+" "+some_param1+" "+some_param2
> > (all these are supposed to produce the same strings)
> >
> > Which methods do you know of \ prefer \ think is better because...?
> > I will appreciate any opinions about the matter.
>
> :D
>
> I think, it would depend really on what your aims are (readable code,
> fast string generation...), and how the vars you want to build the
> string from are respresented in your code (is it natural to use a dict
> etc..)
>
> I kicked off a conversation similar to this earlier today, and that was
> my conclusion after helpful debate & advice.
>
> Matt.
>
>
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Matt,
Thanks for replying. I tried looking up your discussion and I'm unsure
if I found the right post. Would you mind linking to it?

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Re: Kde Taskbar

[Diez B. Roggisch]

DarkBlue schrieb:
> Hello
> 
> In linux I use kmail as my email client under KDE,
> if a message comes in the Kontact button in the
> taskbar changes to blue.
> How can I have the same behaviour in a python app ?
> 
> I have a python script which runs nicely under linux
> now every so often I want to be notified by some event,
> in this case that a record has been added to a database
> and I want to have the application button in the taskbar
> to change color
> 
> Thanks for any pointers , I am out of my depth here

pykde afaik supports systray-iconified apps. And you could use the 
dcop-mechanisms that are available as command line tools as well I 
guess, and invoke knotify.

Hope this gives you some pointers - I'm currently on my mac so I can't 
provide an actual example.

Diez
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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[Robert Hicks]

Giovanni Bajo wrote:

> You might also be understimating how negative could be the reaction from the
> open-source community to such a move.
> --
> Giovanni Bajo

That is simply rediculous. Step away from the kool-aid.

Robert

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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[Robert Hicks]

Steve Holden wrote:

> Perhaps what I *should* have written was "Sadly *many* people spend too
> much time bitching and moaning about those that roll their sleeves up,
> and not enough rolling their own sleeves up and pitching in".
>
> Sniping from the sidelines is far easier than hard work towards a goal.
>

Hey, that is how this whole thread started! Good observation.

Robert

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Re: Python to use a non open source bug tracker?

[Robert Hicks]

Giovanni Bajo wrote:
> Paul Rubin wrote:
>
> >> You fail to recognize that Python is *already* using a non-free
> >> software for bug tracking, as do thousands of other projects.
> >
> > I don't think that reflects an explicit decision.  SF started out as
> > free software and the software became nonfree after people were
> > already using it.
>
> Moreover, this looked like a very good chance to have this nuisance sorted 
> out.
> Too bad some people don't value free software enough.

Nuisance? I never heard a peep from anyone until this thread on c.l.p.!
This is just a rediculous thing to be arguing over, really it is.

Robert

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Re: Names changed to protect the guilty

[John Machin]

John Roth wrote:
> Aahz wrote:
> > The following line of lightly munged code was found in a publicly
> > available Python library...
> >
> > if schema.elements.has_key(key) is False:
> >
> > Sorry, just had to vent.
> > --
> > Aahz ([EMAIL PROTECTED])   <*> http://www.pythoncraft.com/
>
> Uh, guys. IMO, the clearest way of writing this is:
>
> if key not in schema.elements:
> whatever...
>

Uh, guys, what? You are the 3rd to make that point. Therefore it must
be true.

> Unless, of course, your code has to run in a
> Python release earlier than 2.2. But then you
> wouldn't be testing for the False object anyway.
> 
> 
> 
> John Roth

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curses problem reading cursor keys

[Simon Morgan]

Hi,

I'm having trouble with the following code. The problem is that the value
read by getch() when I hit the up or down keys doesn't match curses.KEY_UP
or curses.KEY_DOWN respectively. Other keys, such as 'z' in my example
code, work fine.

I only seem to have this problem when dealing with newly created windows
and not with the standard/default/root one created by curses.wrapper() and
passed to main().

I'd also appreciate any pointers to good tutorials on curses, I've read
the one by awk and esr but found it rather brief and lacking in detail.

Thanks.

import curses

def main(scr):
status = curses.newwin(1, curses.COLS, 0, 0) status.bkgd('0')
status.refresh()

list = curses.newwin(curses.LINES, curses.COLS, 1, 0) list.bkgd('X')
list.refresh()

y = 0
while True:
c = list.getch()
if c in (curses.KEY_UP, curses.KEY_DOWN, ord('z')):
list.addstr("Match!")
elif c == ord('q'):
break

curses.wrapper(main)
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Re: error handling in user input: is this natural or just laborious

[bruno de chez modulix en face]

sam a écrit :

(snip)
> i'm still in the early stages, and am trying to code something simple
> and interactive to get the percentages of the portfolio in the five
> different investment categories. i thought i'd get in with the error
> handling early so if someone types in something wrong (like a word), or
> the numbers don't add up to 100%, the error would be caught immediately
> and the user sent back to the start of the loop.
(snip)

You may want to have a look at the formencode package. While mostly
used in web apps, it's perfectly usable for all kind of
python<->outside world data conversion/validation.

HTH

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Re: Names changed to protect the guilty

[John Roth]

Aahz wrote:
> The following line of lightly munged code was found in a publicly
> available Python library...
>
> if schema.elements.has_key(key) is False:
>
> Sorry, just had to vent.
> --
> Aahz ([EMAIL PROTECTED])   <*> http://www.pythoncraft.com/

Uh, guys. IMO, the clearest way of writing this is:

if key not in schema.elements:
whatever...

Unless, of course, your code has to run in a
Python release earlier than 2.2. But then you
wouldn't be testing for the False object anyway.



John Roth

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Kde Taskbar

[DarkBlue]

Hello

In linux I use kmail as my email client under KDE,
if a message comes in the Kontact button in the
taskbar changes to blue.
How can I have the same behaviour in a python app ?

I have a python script which runs nicely under linux
now every so often I want to be notified by some event,
in this case that a record has been added to a database
and I want to have the application button in the taskbar
to change color

Thanks for any pointers , I am out of my depth here

Db


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