Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
Abd, See cheap = Chan. Why did so many ridicule Propane over Ar? Maybe that was key to his success. See http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttextpid=S0103-97332004000800032 Hydrocarbon + Ni in arc = C2H2 + H (highly active) and now C2H2 + Ni = unexplained temperature results. I decided to duplicate Te Chung. Found that long stem spark plugs NGK LZTR5AGP3381 fit nicely in 3/8 iron T using a Thread Insert OEM 25648 FIX-A-THREAD Hey Guys, how about some suggestive help. How many plugs? Do I use Model T Ford coils, old CRT TV HV power supply, Teslar Coil, Medical RFG used to fuse back nerves, RFG generator used for bench testing, .. to energize the plugs . what? And how about the Ni? I remember a comment last year in some blog where a Bloke observed thousands of tiny sparks on a marble floor which had coin Ni dust on it and spill residue of floor cleaner after lights off to close for the night. Do I use a plate heat exchanger as a reaction vessel? Do I dump in some Mg, Fe, Cu, or a metal hydride with the Ni? Not to worry yourselves. Have a concrete slab on isolated property and plenty of blocks to enclose the devise. Hey, this Stimulation of LENR is almost more fun than sex and less expensive. Warm Regards, Reliable Abd ul-Rahman Lomax wrote: At 09:30 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The idea was doing something cheap, right? Yes. Cheap carbon dioxide laser? If we could get direct stimulation in the range of 8 - 22 ThZ, great! That would replace the two visible light lasers. However, I'm not clear if the far infrared would penetrate the windows and electrolyte. 2012/4/5 mailto:fznidar...@aol.comfznidar...@aol.com Why not use a carbon dioxide laser? At 04:05 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required...
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
IF you can confine a few thousand electrons in a small enough volume, then the coulomb barrier in that small volume would be reduced enough for fusion tunneling to occur. There are a number of ways to confine a group of electrons for the required time interval. One way is to use electron/phonon coupling. http://www.physorg.com/news/2012-04-quantum-motion.html *Quantum information motion control is now improved.* *In strong electron-phonon coupling regimes, multi-phonon excitations can thus enhance the electron transport.* *As the electron-phonon coupling becomes even stronger, the phenomenon of phonon scattering represses electron transport and confines the electrons. The fluctuations of electron current could therefore be controlled by tuning the electron-phonon coupling,* Using a Q-pulse, what Brillouin Energy is doing is setting up a phonon wave pattern to confine electrons in a standing phonon wave pattern when the frequency of the phonon wave pattern is just right to confine a group of electrons in a small volume. If you remember in the Brillouin Energy theory video, as Q-pulse frequency is increased, the reaction would lessen and increase in a repeating pattern as the frequency ascends higher and higher. This indicates a beat wave phenomenon is in play. Rossi is trying to do the same thing using his frequency generator. Rydberg crystals will also concentrate charge in a small volume. The beat waves of dual lasers will also stimulate a phonon wave pattern in a lattice. If this beat wave pattern formed by the two lasers are fortunate enough to confine a group of electrons in a standing wave form, fusion will occur. Confinement of enough electrons for enough time in a small enough volume is what cold fusion is all about. On Thu, Apr 5, 2012 at 1:37 PM, Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.comwrote: I've been looking at: Letts, D. and P.L. Hagelstein. Stimulation of Optical Phonons in Deuterated Palladium. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC. http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/**LettsDstimulatio.pdfhttp://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LettsDstimulatio.pdf This work has not received adequate attention. There is more at http://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/**JCMNS-Vol3.pdfhttp://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol3.pdf-- page 59 et seq. (PDF page 65) Summary: A cathode of palladium foil is prepared, according to a protocoal which Letts has found has high success at producing excess heat. The cathode is loaded to perhaps 85% (?), then an alternate anode of gold is energized, and gold is thus plated onto the cathode. Electrolysis power is maintained after the loading period and through the experiment. The cathode is illuminated at a spot with two lasers, tuned to produce beat frequencies in the range of 3-22 THz. Many experimental issues remain to be explored. However, aside from some unlikely possibilities, it appears that there is a strong response to stimulation, such that when there is, under the experimental conditions, no laser stimulation, or stimulation off-resonance, there is little or no XP. The response appears to be quantitatively predictable. Further, that there would be such a response was predicted from theory by Hagelstein. However, it is not my purpose here to go into the Hagelstein's theory and its implications, except to note that this work may be helping to elucidate conditions under which cold fusion takes place. It is the level of control that is important. (One of the problems in the field is that there may be alternate conditions, there is not necessarily just one mechanism. We need to keep that in mind. For example, the Letts work generally involves using a strong magnetic field, whereas other work shows XP without a strong field. On the other hand, perhaps only a weak field is needed! Such as that of the earth. Field orinetation might matter! One of the avenues of approach here is to explore the effect across a range of magnetic field strengths and orientations. Obviously, as well, laser stimulation is not a necessary cause of XP under all conditions. The Letts cells may be, I can speculate, held at a loading level under that where the normal FPHE arises; but the THz stimulation shoves them into activity.) In order to replicate this work, THz stimulation is required. To do it as Letts did it is expensive. How can stimulation, perhaps at 14.8 THz or 21.78 THz, be arranged? It may be possible to obtain inexpensive laser diodes chosen in pairs to produce these frequencies, or close enough. (How close is necessary is a matter to be explored). The power need not be high, there are signs that the triggering threshold may be below 1 mW per laser. It may be possible to tune inexpensive diodes by controlling their temperature, over a limited range. Filters in the THz region might also be obtained or fabricated. For general interest, I'll add some results of prior
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
Von: Daniel Rocha danieldi...@gmail.com An: vortex-l@eskimo.com Gesendet: 4:13 Freitag, 6.April 2012 Betreff: Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed Maybe it is the case of cooling the experiment with liquid nitrogen, to avoid self interference with the experiment. 8THz blackbody is a peak around 140K, so 71K is far away from that peak. This sounds like too low a temperature. My two cents: 1) using a blackbody to generate the 1522THz will produce a small power-density per area. My estimate is, that it will be in the 10 to 100uW range per mm2, depending on the bandwidth. Remember that this radiation cannot be focused. So the target power-density can be at most the source power-density. 2) another idea would be the coating of the (blackbody-source) with molecules, which resonate at the desired frequencies. Something akin to this here: Laser spectroscopy and mass spectrometry of doped clusters http://fys.kuleuven.be/vsm/nano/master.php?mastercat=5 3) If You think about (2) a bit, You get the impression, that it is more effective to heat the target (NiH-reactant) directly, and let the target do the sorting out of the frequencies via resonance. 22THz - approx 15um wavelength. ( Provided that the radiation need not be coherent or narrowband, ofcourse). Which also gives an indication for the minimum/optimum-size of the particles/crystals. Surprisingly large! Not nano! My general impression is, that this dual-laser stimulation maybe results in a more pronounced effect, but is not necessary. Simple heating basically will do the job also. Plus maybe some RF-pulses (Godes/Brillouin, catalyst, secret sauce, whatever.) Which would be consistent with the other LENR-experiments. This is my common-sense-back of the napkin approach. Laser-based stimulation in any case would be a costly solution. Sufficient: maybe, necessary: not. Guenter 2012/4/5 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com At 12:30 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: If you are not concerned with a narrow broad band, you could use a blackbody emission. According to Wien's displacement law, 14.8THz to 22.5THz, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulation gives 251K to 387K. The frequencies of interest are far infrared, or sometimes called mid-infrared. Blackbody emissions certainly exist in the range, but are are at low levels and are not coherent. I've been speculating, though, as an aside, that the erratic results of cold fusion might have to do with the presence or absence of environmental THz radiation. I don't know if anyone looked for this, and don't place a lot of weight on the idea
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
Did that. http://www.angelfire.com/scifi2/zpt/chapterb.html#Pg6 Maybe it is the case of cooling the experiment with liquid nitrogen, to avoid self interference with the experiment. 8THz blackbody is a peak around 140K, so 71K is far away from that peak. -Original Message- From: Daniel Rocha danieldi...@gmail.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Thu, Apr 5, 2012 10:13 pm Subject: Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed Maybe it is the case of cooling the experiment with liquid nitrogen, to avoid self interference with the experiment. 8THz blackbody is a peak around 140K, so 71K is far away from that peak. 2012/4/5 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com At 12:30 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: If you are not concerned with a narrow broad band, you could use a blackbody emission. According to Wien's displacement law, 14.8THz to 22.5THz, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulation gives 251K to 387K. The frequencies of interest are far infrared, or sometimes called mid-infrared. Blackbody emissions certainly exist in the range, but are are at low levels and are not coherent. I've been speculating, though, as an aside, that the erratic results of cold fusion might have to do with the presence or absence of environmental THz radiation. I don't know if anyone looked for this, and don't place a lot of weight on the idea
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
At 09:13 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: Maybe it is the case of cooling the experiment with liquid nitrogen, to avoid self interference with the experiment. 8THz blackbody is a peak around 140K, so 71K is far away from that peak. Unfortunately, the reactions are known to be temperature-dependent. I.e., if a reaction is going to happen, increasing the temperature (within limits) increases the reaction rate. The FPHE is not seen at liquid nitrogen temperatures. It's possible that an understanding of why this is so is being developed.
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
Von: fznidar...@aol.com fznidar...@aol.com An: vortex-l@eskimo.com Gesendet: 15:07 Freitag, 6.April 2012 Betreff: Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed Did that. http://www.angelfire.com/scifi2/zpt/chapterb.html#Pg6 Maybe it is the case of cooling the experiment with liquid nitrogen, to avoid self interference with the experiment. 8THz blackbody is a peak around 140K, so 71K is far away from that peak. This is so strange that I stopped reading at the first paragraph. Maybe I should take a walk and then read another paragraph. Maybe this is the problem with all our misundestandings, right? Everything, which does not fall into our filter-bandwidth of acceptibility lands in the trashbin. My inner philosopher does some headscratching. 'I' --whoever the hell that guy is-- try to keep him educated about his judgements. Guenter.
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
Von: Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com An: vortex-l@eskimo.com; vortex-l@eskimo.com Gesendet: 17:40 Freitag, 6.April 2012 Betreff: Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed Unfortunately, the reactions are known to be temperature-dependent. I.e., if a reaction is going to happen, increasing the temperature (within limits) increases the reaction rate. Yes. We should differentiate this area -as a tool -as an area of EXCITATION- as soon as possible from the area of DETECTION. It is RESONANCE effects, which make the classical continuum obsolete, by some unknown orders of magnitude. We should have known that since the Fraunhofer-lines, right? Unfortunately, some particles are termed 'cold', which aren't. Common sense does not apply there. Although normally being an advocate of common sense, I would keep this out of consideration in this case. Which is, in an epistemological sense, quite difficult. Just an example: Exciting an item in the low THZ regime (say 10THz) actually implies a COOLING , which puts the whole issue out of the whole thermodynamic calculations, because the Boltzmann equations apply to continua, and not resonance-peaks. Anyway. Think yourself. Guenter.
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
At 09:30 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The idea was doing something cheap, right? Yes. Cheap carbon dioxide laser? If we could get direct stimulation in the range of 8 - 22 ThZ, great! That would replace the two visible light lasers. However, I'm not clear if the far infrared would penetrate the windows and electrolyte. 2012/4/5 mailto:fznidar...@aol.comfznidar...@aol.com Why not use a carbon dioxide laser? At 04:05 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required...
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
But the experiment was done in the MHz range... 2012/4/6 fznidar...@aol.com Did that. http://www.angelfire.com/scifi2/zpt/chapterb.html#Pg6 Maybe it is the case of cooling the experiment with liquid nitrogen, to avoid self interference with the experiment. 8THz blackbody is a peak around 140K, so 71K is far away from that peak. -Original Message- From: Daniel Rocha danieldi...@gmail.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Thu, Apr 5, 2012 10:13 pm Subject: Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed Maybe it is the case of cooling the experiment with liquid nitrogen, to avoid self interference with the experiment. 8THz blackbody is a peak around 140K, so 71K is far away from that peak. 2012/4/5 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com At 12:30 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: If you are not concerned with a narrow broad band, you could use a blackbody emission. According to Wien's displacement law, 14.8THz to 22.5THz, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/**Wien%27s_displacement_law#** Frequency-dependent_**formulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulation http://en.**wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_**displacement_law#Frequency-** dependent_formulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulation gives 251K to 387K. The frequencies of interest are far infrared, or sometimes called mid-infrared. Blackbody emissions certainly exist in the range, but are are at low levels and are not coherent. I've been speculating, though, as an aside, that the erratic results of cold fusion might have to do with the presence or absence of environmental THz radiation. I don't know if anyone looked for this, and don't place a lot of weight on the idea -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
That is another alternative, though, why not heat it with ultrasound? BTW, does the experimenters take care in figuring how the material was produced in relation to its lattice structure? Maybe the experiments do not go right so frequently because they rely on stimulate the lattice in specific directions and, because of this, they end up being randomly successful... 2012/4/6 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com However, I'm not clear if the far infrared would penetrate the windows and electrolyte. 2012/4/5 mailto:fznidar...@aol.comfz**nidar...@aol.comfznidar...@aol.com Why not use a carbon dioxide laser? At 04:05 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required... -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
To the highest possible extent, the lattice should be devoid of flaws to minimize random phonon reflections(RPR). RPR will disrupt the phonon resonance pattern that the lattice heat stimulant is producing. A flawed lattice could be the reason for inconsistent results in many experiments. Obviously, micro powder will not work in this type of phonon system which seeks to establish a phonon resonance pattern. On Fri, Apr 6, 2012 at 2:17 PM, Daniel Rocha danieldi...@gmail.com wrote: That is another alternative, though, why not heat it with ultrasound? BTW, does the experimenters take care in figuring how the material was produced in relation to its lattice structure? Maybe the experiments do not go right so frequently because they rely on stimulate the lattice in specific directions and, because of this, they end up being randomly successful... 2012/4/6 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com However, I'm not clear if the far infrared would penetrate the windows and electrolyte. 2012/4/5 mailto:fznidar...@aol.comfz**nidar...@aol.comfznidar...@aol.com Why not use a carbon dioxide laser? At 04:05 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required... -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
So, the cause of CF is probably not phonon resonance. Otherwise, how could small grains used by ahern, with around 1000 atoms could produce heat? Or maybe, that's a reason why phonon resonance works better with such small clusters? Such small particles tend to organize themselves, spontaneously, in regular polyhedra, to maximize the energy binding of the grain. 2012/4/6 Axil Axil janap...@gmail.com To the highest possible extent, the lattice should be devoid of flaws to minimize random phonon reflections(RPR). RPR will disrupt the phonon resonance pattern that the lattice heat stimulant is producing. A flawed lattice could be the reason for inconsistent results in many experiments. Obviously, micro powder will not work in this type of phonon system which seeks to establish a phonon resonance pattern. On Fri, Apr 6, 2012 at 2:17 PM, Daniel Rocha danieldi...@gmail.comwrote: That is another alternative, though, why not heat it with ultrasound? BTW, does the experimenters take care in figuring how the material was produced in relation to its lattice structure? Maybe the experiments do not go right so frequently because they rely on stimulate the lattice in specific directions and, because of this, they end up being randomly successful... 2012/4/6 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com However, I'm not clear if the far infrared would penetrate the windows and electrolyte. 2012/4/5 mailto:fznidar...@aol.comfz**nidar...@aol.comfznidar...@aol.com Why not use a carbon dioxide laser? At 04:05 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required... -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
The long term accumulation and concentration of electrostatic charge (1,000 to 2,000 electrons) is one major cause of cold fusion. Phonon resonance may produce this accumulation and concentration but it is not the only cause. Charge may accumulate near the interface bounderies of two metals as setup and used by ahern. This ahern cause many be rooted in the formation of ion crystals like a Arata, Mills and Rossi. On Fri, Apr 6, 2012 at 3:59 PM, Daniel Rocha danieldi...@gmail.com wrote: So, the cause of CF is probably not phonon resonance. Otherwise, how could small grains used by ahern, with around 1000 atoms could produce heat? Or maybe, that's a reason why phonon resonance works better with such small clusters? Such small particles tend to organize themselves, spontaneously, in regular polyhedra, to maximize the energy binding of the grain. 2012/4/6 Axil Axil janap...@gmail.com To the highest possible extent, the lattice should be devoid of flaws to minimize random phonon reflections(RPR). RPR will disrupt the phonon resonance pattern that the lattice heat stimulant is producing. A flawed lattice could be the reason for inconsistent results in many experiments. Obviously, micro powder will not work in this type of phonon system which seeks to establish a phonon resonance pattern. On Fri, Apr 6, 2012 at 2:17 PM, Daniel Rocha danieldi...@gmail.comwrote: That is another alternative, though, why not heat it with ultrasound? BTW, does the experimenters take care in figuring how the material was produced in relation to its lattice structure? Maybe the experiments do not go right so frequently because they rely on stimulate the lattice in specific directions and, because of this, they end up being randomly successful... 2012/4/6 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com However, I'm not clear if the far infrared would penetrate the windows and electrolyte. 2012/4/5 mailto:fznidar...@aol.comfz**nidar...@aol.comfznidar...@aol.com Why not use a carbon dioxide laser? At 04:05 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required... -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
Von: Axil Axil janap...@gmail.com An: vortex-l@eskimo.com Gesendet: 20:33 Freitag, 6.April 2012 Betreff: Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed To the highest possible extent, the lattice should be devoid of flaws to minimize random phonon reflections(RPR). RPR will disrupt the phonon resonance pattern that the lattice heat stimulant is producing. A flawed lattice could be the reason for inconsistent results in many experiments. Obviously, micro powder will not work in this type of phonon system which seeks to establish a phonon resonance pattern. Axil, do you have a sound argument for that? CF eg Ahern, who argues that: citation: ... In conclusion, perhaps the most important use for Energy Localization will be in the field of Lattice Assisted Nuclear Energy. We have already noted that superconductors have enormous anharmonic vibrational modes. Palladium hydride is a superconducting system that already has enormous vibrational modes for the hydrogen isotopes. By processing palladium powders in the 4-10 nm size regime produce enormous anharmonic vibrational modes of the palladium lattice that get superimposed on the anharmonic hydrogen vibrations leading to a amplification of the hydrogen modes. Energy localization is superimposed over the already delocalized motion of this superconducting system. ... -comment on p 13 of his ppt-presentation Energy Localization-- The key to Understanding Energy in Nanotechnology Nature Not that I find this very authoritative, but it is a statement, which is consistent with an implicit one, i.e. that larger crystal sectors (10k atoms) are more effective in producing extreme local amplitudes/temperatures, if they are NONHOMOGENOUS. The probability of aharmonic 'temperature' extremes (excuse the sloppy diction) would be higher, if the crystal-structure would be nonideal. You can make a probabilistic analysis of different-size crystal-clusters and see eg with which (negligible) probability the coulomb barrier is approached. Nonideal structures help a bit in raising the probability of local 'temperature-extremes', but never seem to to approach the coulomb-barrier. This maybe a pointless exercise, but I find it useful nevertheless. (2nd disclaimer: there is definitely a sort of scientist, which is cornered for some reason or other, and puts out more and more extreme claims, until his reputation implodes. Peer reviewing is the opposite It fosters scientific conservatism, downto outright sklerosis) Guenter
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
The boundary do not have more than 100 atoms. I think it wouldn't be able to sustain so much charge. 2012/4/6 Axil Axil janap...@gmail.com The long term accumulation and concentration of electrostatic charge (1,000 to 2,000 electrons) is one major cause of cold fusion. Phonon resonance may produce this accumulation and concentration but it is not the only cause. Charge may accumulate near the interface bounderies of two metals as setup and used by ahern. This ahern cause many be rooted in the formation of ion crystals like a Arata, Mills and Rossi.
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
I want to thank Guenter for thinking about this and taking the time to write it out. Comments interspersed. At 01:58 AM 4/6/2012, Guenter Wildgruber wrote: Von: Daniel Rocha danieldi...@gmail.com An: vortex-l@eskimo.com Gesendet: 4:13 Freitag, 6.April 2012 Betreff: Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed Maybe it is the case of cooling the experiment with liquid nitrogen, to avoid self interference with the experiment. 8THz blackbody is a peak around 140K, so 71K is far away from that peak. This sounds like too low a temperature. My two cents: 1) using a blackbody to generate the 1522THz will produce a small power-density per area. My estimate is, that it will be in the 10 to 100uW range per mm2, depending on the bandwidth. Remember that this radiation cannot be focused. So the target power-density can be at most the source power-density. 2) another idea would be the coating of the (blackbody-source) with molecules, which resonate at the desired frequencies. Something akin to this here: Laser spectroscopy and mass spectrometry of doped clusters http://fys.kuleuven.be/vsm/nano/master.php?mastercat=5 3) If You think about (2) a bit, You get the impression, that it is more effective to heat the target (NiH-reactant) directly, and let the target do the sorting out of the frequencies via resonance. 22THz - approx 15um wavelength. Okay, let me be clear that I'm asking about the use of dual laser stimulation with PdD experiments. I have no evidence that this approach is effective, at all, with NiH. Maybe, maybe not. I'd assume the frequencies would be different. The dual laser approach was designed to produce the beat frequency on the gold-plated surface of the electrolytic cathode. There are a number of experimental characteristics that have been inferred. (I'm writing this from memory and might get some detals wrong.) The laser power used is higher than necessary to see the effect. The threshold power has not been explored. The spot size does not seem to matter, within what has been tried. Expanding the spot size (same power over larger area) did not have an effect. A magnetic field is used. The laser stimulation does not appear to be effective without the magnetic field. The cathode is primarily heated through the electrolytic current. Laser heating is small compared to that. The reaction is, however, sensitive to heat; increasing the temperature increases excess power. ( Provided that the radiation need not be coherent or narrowband, ofcourse). Which also gives an indication for the minimum/optimum-size of the particles/crystals. Surprisingly large! Not nano! At this point this work is generating indications, and some surprising ones. Not proof. While the work is openly being published, it has not been replicated. I'm aware of one replication attempt that failed; but it is not clear how close to the protocol the attempt hewed. Cold fusion is famous for this: change one little thing, and it doesn't work, and it can be almost impossible to keep *everything* the same. That's why helium measurements are so important. My general impression is, that this dual-laser stimulation maybe results in a more pronounced effect, but is not necessary. Simple heating basically will do the job also. Apparently not. Under the conditions set up, there is no XP to speak of without the dual laser stimulation. It turns on the reaction, heating does not. Heating increases the reaction if it's turned on. Plus maybe some RF-pulses (Godes/Brillouin, catalyst, secret sauce, whatever.) Which would be consistent with the other LENR-experiments. One of the goals I've been promoting is easily reproducible experiments, standard cells, if you will. If there is a design that can be cheaply reproduced, exactly, and that reliably shows a LENR effect, it becomes a base from which to test many different variations. I was originally working with codep, the Galileo protocol, and do need to finish up that work, but I was invited to look at this dual laser work, and found that there are elements here of high interest. For the science. This is my common-sense-back of the napkin approach. Laser-based stimulation in any case would be a costly solution. Sufficient: maybe, necessary: not. Dual laser stimulation is costly, true, and there are other ways to obtain the reaction; however, the goal here is not cheap power. The goal is reliably reproducible research. A laser system might be shared among many experiments. The work so far only observes the effect of laser stimulation over fairly short time periods, mostly. Letts wants to see how much power increases when he turns on the lasers. It does appear reasonably stable. Variations on the protocol will be tested, I'm sure. A deposited wire cathode may be used, which may be easier to prepare and more uniform. My approach is generally to attempt to scale experiments down
[Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
I've been looking at: Letts, D. and P.L. Hagelstein. Stimulation of Optical Phonons in Deuterated Palladium. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC. http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LettsDstimulatio.pdf This work has not received adequate attention. There is more at http://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol3.pdf -- page 59 et seq. (PDF page 65) Summary: A cathode of palladium foil is prepared, according to a protocoal which Letts has found has high success at producing excess heat. The cathode is loaded to perhaps 85% (?), then an alternate anode of gold is energized, and gold is thus plated onto the cathode. Electrolysis power is maintained after the loading period and through the experiment. The cathode is illuminated at a spot with two lasers, tuned to produce beat frequencies in the range of 3-22 THz. Many experimental issues remain to be explored. However, aside from some unlikely possibilities, it appears that there is a strong response to stimulation, such that when there is, under the experimental conditions, no laser stimulation, or stimulation off-resonance, there is little or no XP. The response appears to be quantitatively predictable. Further, that there would be such a response was predicted from theory by Hagelstein. However, it is not my purpose here to go into the Hagelstein's theory and its implications, except to note that this work may be helping to elucidate conditions under which cold fusion takes place. It is the level of control that is important. (One of the problems in the field is that there may be alternate conditions, there is not necessarily just one mechanism. We need to keep that in mind. For example, the Letts work generally involves using a strong magnetic field, whereas other work shows XP without a strong field. On the other hand, perhaps only a weak field is needed! Such as that of the earth. Field orinetation might matter! One of the avenues of approach here is to explore the effect across a range of magnetic field strengths and orientations. Obviously, as well, laser stimulation is not a necessary cause of XP under all conditions. The Letts cells may be, I can speculate, held at a loading level under that where the normal FPHE arises; but the THz stimulation shoves them into activity.) In order to replicate this work, THz stimulation is required. To do it as Letts did it is expensive. How can stimulation, perhaps at 14.8 THz or 21.78 THz, be arranged? It may be possible to obtain inexpensive laser diodes chosen in pairs to produce these frequencies, or close enough. (How close is necessary is a matter to be explored). The power need not be high, there are signs that the triggering threshold may be below 1 mW per laser. It may be possible to tune inexpensive diodes by controlling their temperature, over a limited range. Filters in the THz region might also be obtained or fabricated. For general interest, I'll add some results of prior discussion. The gold deposit appears to be necessary for laser stimulation to have an effect. It is that layer, perhaps, that mixes the two laser frequencies, producing the effective beat frequency. Plans are underway to analyze cell atmosphere and used cathodes for helium, and, at least at first, this could be an important aspect of this work. There is speculation that the resonance above 20 THz is due to hydrogen, and so the product from that stimulation might not be helium! It is conceivable that the cathode design with a gold deposit traps helium, better than an open cathode would. If so, full analysis of the cathode might reveal a great deal of information about reaction site as well as, perhaps, better determination of reaction Q (heat/helium) than has previously been obtained. Any brainstorming, especially informed, on how to generate the THz stimulation will be appreciated. My goal, generally, has been to lower the entry cost for doing important cold fusion experimental work.
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
20 x 10 exp 12 hertz times 50 x 10 exp -9 = one megahertz meter Someday even Jones and Stevek will believe me. Frank Znidarsic -Original Message- From: Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com; vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Thu, Apr 5, 2012 12:38 pm Subject: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed I've been looking at: Letts, D. and P.L. Hagelstein. Stimulation of Optical Phonons in Deuterated Palladium. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC. http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LettsDstimulatio.pdf This work has not received adequate attention. There is more at http://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol3.pdf -- page 59 et seq. (PDF page 65) Summary: A cathode of palladium foil is prepared, according to a protocoal which Letts has found has high success at producing excess heat. The cathode is loaded to perhaps 85% (?), then an alternate anode of gold is energized, and gold is thus plated onto the cathode. Electrolysis power is maintained after the loading period and through the experiment. The cathode is illuminated at a spot with two lasers, tuned to produce beat frequencies in the range of 3-22 THz. Many experimental issues remain to be explored. However, aside from some unlikely possibilities, it appears that there is a strong response to stimulation, such that when there is, under the experimental conditions, no laser stimulation, or stimulation off-resonance, there is little or no XP. The response appears to be quantitatively predictable. Further, that there would be such a response was predicted from theory by Hagelstein. However, it is not my purpose here to go into the Hagelstein's theory and its implications, except to note that this work may be helping to elucidate conditions under which cold fusion takes place. It is the level of control that is important. (One of the problems in the field is that there may be alternate conditions, there is not necessarily just one mechanism. We need to keep that in mind. For example, the Letts work generally involves using a strong magnetic field, whereas other work shows XP without a strong field. On the other hand, perhaps only a weak field is needed! Such as that of the earth. Field orinetation might matter! One of the avenues of approach here is to explore the effect across a range of magnetic field strengths and orientations. Obviously, as well, laser stimulation is not a necessary cause of XP under all conditions. The Letts cells may be, I can speculate, held at a loading level under that where the normal FPHE arises; but the THz stimulation shoves them into activity.) In order to replicate this work, THz stimulation is required. To do it as Letts did it is expensive. How can stimulation, perhaps at 14.8 THz or 21.78 THz, be arranged? It may be possible to obtain inexpensive laser diodes chosen in pairs to produce these frequencies, or close enough. (How close is necessary is a matter to be explored). The power need not be high, there are signs that the triggering threshold may be below 1 mW per laser. It may be possible to tune inexpensive diodes by controlling their temperature, over a limited range. Filters in the THz region might also be obtained or fabricated. For general interest, I'll add some results of prior discussion. The gold deposit appears to be necessary for laser stimulation to have an effect. It is that layer, perhaps, that mixes the two laser frequencies, producing the effective beat frequency. Plans are underway to analyze cell atmosphere and used cathodes for helium, and, at least at first, this could be an important aspect of this work. There is speculation that the resonance above 20 THz is due to hydrogen, and so the product from that stimulation might not be helium! It is conceivable that the cathode design with a gold deposit traps helium, better than an open cathode would. If so, full analysis of the cathode might reveal a great deal of information about reaction site as well as, perhaps, better determination of reaction Q (heat/helium) than has previously been obtained. Any brainstorming, especially informed, on how to generate the THz stimulation will be appreciated. My goal, generally, has been to lower the entry cost for doing important cold fusion experimental work.
RE: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
-Original Message- From: Abd ul-Rahman Lomax Any brainstorming, especially informed, on how to generate the THz stimulation will be appreciated. Contact: Virginia Diodes Inc. (434) 297-3257 www.vadiodes.com/ THz Mixers, Multipliers, Systems Jones
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
If you are not concerned with a narrow broad band, you could use a blackbody emission. According to Wien's displacement law, 14.8THz to 22.5THz, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulation gives 251K to 387K. So, a resistive heater would give you the upper band and for the lower band, you'd need a Terahertz source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terahertz_radiation Like this one: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_wave_oscillator 2012/4/5 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com I've been looking at: Letts, D. and P.L. Hagelstein. Stimulation of Optical Phonons in Deuterated Palladium. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC. http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/**LettsDstimulatio.pdfhttp://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LettsDstimulatio.pdf This work has not received adequate attention. There is more at http://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/**JCMNS-Vol3.pdfhttp://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol3.pdf-- page 59 et seq. (PDF page 65) Summary: A cathode of palladium foil is prepared, according to a protocoal which Letts has found has high success at producing excess heat. The cathode is loaded to perhaps 85% (?), then an alternate anode of gold is energized, and gold is thus plated onto the cathode. Electrolysis power is maintained after the loading period and through the experiment. The cathode is illuminated at a spot with two lasers, tuned to produce beat frequencies in the range of 3-22 THz. Many experimental issues remain to be explored. However, aside from some unlikely possibilities, it appears that there is a strong response to stimulation, such that when there is, under the experimental conditions, no laser stimulation, or stimulation off-resonance, there is little or no XP. The response appears to be quantitatively predictable. Further, that there would be such a response was predicted from theory by Hagelstein. However, it is not my purpose here to go into the Hagelstein's theory and its implications, except to note that this work may be helping to elucidate conditions under which cold fusion takes place. It is the level of control that is important. (One of the problems in the field is that there may be alternate conditions, there is not necessarily just one mechanism. We need to keep that in mind. For example, the Letts work generally involves using a strong magnetic field, whereas other work shows XP without a strong field. On the other hand, perhaps only a weak field is needed! Such as that of the earth. Field orinetation might matter! One of the avenues of approach here is to explore the effect across a range of magnetic field strengths and orientations. Obviously, as well, laser stimulation is not a necessary cause of XP under all conditions. The Letts cells may be, I can speculate, held at a loading level under that where the normal FPHE arises; but the THz stimulation shoves them into activity.) In order to replicate this work, THz stimulation is required. To do it as Letts did it is expensive. How can stimulation, perhaps at 14.8 THz or 21.78 THz, be arranged? It may be possible to obtain inexpensive laser diodes chosen in pairs to produce these frequencies, or close enough. (How close is necessary is a matter to be explored). The power need not be high, there are signs that the triggering threshold may be below 1 mW per laser. It may be possible to tune inexpensive diodes by controlling their temperature, over a limited range. Filters in the THz region might also be obtained or fabricated. For general interest, I'll add some results of prior discussion. The gold deposit appears to be necessary for laser stimulation to have an effect. It is that layer, perhaps, that mixes the two laser frequencies, producing the effective beat frequency. Plans are underway to analyze cell atmosphere and used cathodes for helium, and, at least at first, this could be an important aspect of this work. There is speculation that the resonance above 20 THz is due to hydrogen, and so the product from that stimulation might not be helium! It is conceivable that the cathode design with a gold deposit traps helium, better than an open cathode would. If so, full analysis of the cathode might reveal a great deal of information about reaction site as well as, perhaps, better determination of reaction Q (heat/helium) than has previously been obtained. Any brainstorming, especially informed, on how to generate the THz stimulation will be appreciated. My goal, generally, has been to lower the entry cost for doing important cold fusion experimental work. -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
BTW, this resembles the stuff Rossi claims to use... 2012/4/5 Daniel Rocha danieldi...@gmail.com If you are not concerned with a narrow broad band, you could use a blackbody emission. According to Wien's displacement law, 14.8THz to 22.5THz, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulation gives 251K to 387K. So, a resistive heater would give you the upper band and for the lower band, you'd need a Terahertz source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terahertz_radiation Like this one: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_wave_oscillator 2012/4/5 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com I've been looking at: Letts, D. and P.L. Hagelstein. Stimulation of Optical Phonons in Deuterated Palladium. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC. http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/**LettsDstimulatio.pdfhttp://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LettsDstimulatio.pdf This work has not received adequate attention. There is more at http://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/**JCMNS-Vol3.pdfhttp://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol3.pdf-- page 59 et seq. (PDF page 65) Summary: A cathode of palladium foil is prepared, according to a protocoal which Letts has found has high success at producing excess heat. The cathode is loaded to perhaps 85% (?), then an alternate anode of gold is energized, and gold is thus plated onto the cathode. Electrolysis power is maintained after the loading period and through the experiment. The cathode is illuminated at a spot with two lasers, tuned to produce beat frequencies in the range of 3-22 THz. Many experimental issues remain to be explored. However, aside from some unlikely possibilities, it appears that there is a strong response to stimulation, such that when there is, under the experimental conditions, no laser stimulation, or stimulation off-resonance, there is little or no XP. The response appears to be quantitatively predictable. Further, that there would be such a response was predicted from theory by Hagelstein. However, it is not my purpose here to go into the Hagelstein's theory and its implications, except to note that this work may be helping to elucidate conditions under which cold fusion takes place. It is the level of control that is important. (One of the problems in the field is that there may be alternate conditions, there is not necessarily just one mechanism. We need to keep that in mind. For example, the Letts work generally involves using a strong magnetic field, whereas other work shows XP without a strong field. On the other hand, perhaps only a weak field is needed! Such as that of the earth. Field orinetation might matter! One of the avenues of approach here is to explore the effect across a range of magnetic field strengths and orientations. Obviously, as well, laser stimulation is not a necessary cause of XP under all conditions. The Letts cells may be, I can speculate, held at a loading level under that where the normal FPHE arises; but the THz stimulation shoves them into activity.) In order to replicate this work, THz stimulation is required. To do it as Letts did it is expensive. How can stimulation, perhaps at 14.8 THz or 21.78 THz, be arranged? It may be possible to obtain inexpensive laser diodes chosen in pairs to produce these frequencies, or close enough. (How close is necessary is a matter to be explored). The power need not be high, there are signs that the triggering threshold may be below 1 mW per laser. It may be possible to tune inexpensive diodes by controlling their temperature, over a limited range. Filters in the THz region might also be obtained or fabricated. For general interest, I'll add some results of prior discussion. The gold deposit appears to be necessary for laser stimulation to have an effect. It is that layer, perhaps, that mixes the two laser frequencies, producing the effective beat frequency. Plans are underway to analyze cell atmosphere and used cathodes for helium, and, at least at first, this could be an important aspect of this work. There is speculation that the resonance above 20 THz is due to hydrogen, and so the product from that stimulation might not be helium! It is conceivable that the cathode design with a gold deposit traps helium, better than an open cathode would. If so, full analysis of the cathode might reveal a great deal of information about reaction site as well as, perhaps, better determination of reaction Q (heat/helium) than has previously been obtained. Any brainstorming, especially informed, on how to generate the THz stimulation will be appreciated. My goal, generally, has been to lower the entry cost for doing important cold fusion experimental work. -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com
RE: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
Hey Daniel - instead of straight wide spectrum low IR - why not add a special filter to a tuned resistance heater electrode to get some kind of pseudo coherence? Here is a pretty steep spike at 2 THz: http://www.insight-product.com/mesh3.htm Low terahertz might work, no? Doubt if they go very high without massive losses. Anyway, mention of the BWO brings to mind another great missed opportunity by Randell Mills and BLP. That would be his versions of the gyrotron - which is similar to the BWO and was to be combined with direct conversion of EUV from his hydrogen (hydrino) plasma. He called it the reverse gyrotron. Supposedly, prototypes were built. Gyrotrons are extremely efficient - and small for their power. It is not clear why Mills gave up on the concept, but Russia owns much of the IP - and maybe he did not want to deal with the Russians. Anyway, newer versions of the gyrotron will reach into low THz. And if HTSC could be added to increase the field strength of the required magnet, who knows? Wow pulses at 50 T. ! http://www.tstnetwork.org/December2009/tst-v2n4-150Powerful.pdf Darn, if I had only managed to guess the numbers on last week's big Lotto prize . well . a new version of this would be on my to-do list. IOW developing this kind of device in the context of a direct converter for Ni-H, similar to the way Mills tried to do with the hydrino - yeah - that would probably eat up 100 million, easy. Jones From: Daniel Rocha Like this one: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_wave_oscillator
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required... 2012/4/5 Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net Hey Daniel – instead of straight wide spectrum low IR - why not add a special filter to a tuned resistance heater electrode to get some kind of pseudo coherence? Here is a pretty steep spike at 2 THz: ** ** http://www.insight-product.com/mesh3.htm ** ** Low terahertz might work, no? Doubt if they go very high without massive losses. ** ** Anyway, mention of the BWO brings to mind another great “missed opportunity” by Randell Mills and BLP. That would be his versions of the gyrotron – which is similar to the BWO and was to be combined with direct conversion of EUV from his hydrogen (hydrino) plasma. He called it the “reverse gyrotron”. Supposedly, prototypes were built. ** ** Gyrotrons are extremely efficient - and small for their power. It is not clear why Mills gave up on the concept, but Russia owns much of the IP - and maybe he did not want to deal with the Russians. ** ** Anyway, newer versions of the gyrotron will reach into low THz. And if HTSC could be added to increase the field strength of the required magnet, who knows? Wow pulses at 50 T. ! ** ** http://www.tstnetwork.org/December2009/tst-v2n4-150Powerful.pdf ** ** Darn, if I had only managed to guess the numbers on last week’s big Lotto prize … well … a new version of this would be on my to-do list. ** ** IOW developing this kind of device in the context of a direct converter for Ni-H, similar to the way Mills tried to do with the hydrino – yeah – that would probably eat up 100 million, easy. ** ** Jones ** ** ** ** *From:* Daniel Rocha ** ** Like this one: ** ** http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_wave_oscillator ** ** ** ** ** ** -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com
RE: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
At 12:22 PM 4/5/2012, Jones Beene wrote: -Original Message- From: Abd ul-Rahman Lomax Any brainstorming, especially informed, on how to generate the THz stimulation will be appreciated. Contact: Virginia Diodes Inc. (434) 297-3257 www.vadiodes.com/ THz Mixers, Multipliers, Systems I don't see anything there above 3 THz.
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
At 12:30 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: If you are not concerned with a narrow broad band, you could use a blackbody emission. According to Wien's displacement law, 14.8THz to 22.5THz, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulation gives 251K to 387K. The frequencies of interest are far infrared, or sometimes called mid-infrared. Blackbody emissions certainly exist in the range, but are are at low levels and are not coherent. I've been speculating, though, as an aside, that the erratic results of cold fusion might have to do with the presence or absence of environmental THz radiation. I don't know if anyone looked for this, and don't place a lot of weight on the idea The beat frequency signal generated in the dual laser stimulation work will be coherent. It appears that the gold particles that form the gold plating may re-radiate the beat frequency, causing effects in the PdD below. (There is an objection that the excess heat effect might be happening directly in the gold layer, but I'm setting that aside for the time being, though it cannot yet be absolutely ruled out). It is unknown whether or not the stimulation must be coherent. So, a resistive heater would give you the upper band and for the lower band, you'd need a Terahertz source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terahertz_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terahertz_radiation The frequencies of interest are approximately 8, 15, and 22 THz, which are above what the article calls Terahertz radiation. Like this one: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_wave_oscillatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_wave_oscillator The frequencies involved are outside the band of interest. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photomixing is more to the point. The theory is that the gold particles serve as the mixer. It is unclear that an external source at the frequencies involved would work. The emitted infrared would have to penetrate the experimental cell wall and the intervening electrolyte. The visible light lasers do that, mixing, it's proposed, at the surface. (no more new content below) 2012/4/5 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax mailto:a...@lomaxdesign.coma...@lomaxdesign.com I've been looking at: Letts, D. and P.L. Hagelstein. Stimulation of Optical Phonons in Deuterated Palladium. in ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. 2008. Washington, DC. http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LettsDstimulatio.pdfhttp://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LettsDstimulatio.pdf This work has not received adequate attention. There is more at http://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol3.pdfhttp://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol3.pdf -- page 59 et seq. (PDF page 65) Summary: A cathode of palladium foil is prepared, according to a protocoal which Letts has found has high success at producing excess heat. The cathode is loaded to perhaps 85% (?), then an alternate anode of gold is energized, and gold is thus plated onto the cathode. Electrolysis power is maintained after the loading period and through the experiment. The cathode is illuminated at a spot with two lasers, tuned to produce beat frequencies in the range of 3-22 THz. Many experimental issues remain to be explored. However, aside from some unlikely possibilities, it appears that there is a strong response to stimulation, such that when there is, under the experimental conditions, no laser stimulation, or stimulation off-resonance, there is little or no XP. The response appears to be quantitatively predictable. Further, that there would be such a response was predicted from theory by Hagelstein. However, it is not my purpose here to go into the Hagelstein's theory and its implications, except to note that this work may be helping to elucidate conditions under which cold fusion takes place. It is the level of control that is important. (One of the problems in the field is that there may be alternate conditions, there is not necessarily just one mechanism. We need to keep that in mind. For example, the Letts work generally involves using a strong magnetic field, whereas other work shows XP without a strong field. On the other hand, perhaps only a weak field is needed! Such as that of the earth. Field orinetation might matter! One of the avenues of approach here is to explore the effect across a range of magnetic field strengths and orientations. Obviously, as well, laser stimulation is not a necessary cause of XP under all conditions. The Letts cells may be, I can speculate, held at a loading level under that where the normal FPHE arises; but the THz stimulation shoves them into activity.) In order to replicate this work, THz stimulation is required. To do it as Letts did it is expensive. How can stimulation, perhaps at 14.8 THz or 21.78 THz, be arranged? It may be possible to obtain inexpensive laser
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
At 12:31 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: BTW, this resembles the stuff Rossi claims to use... I don't think so. However, sure. Maybe the band heater that Rossi uses is actually an IR source. However, I'm not willing to base anything on anything from Rossi, until and unless it is independently confirmed. Thanks for the idea, though. 2012/4/5 Daniel Rocha mailto:danieldi...@gmail.comdanieldi...@gmail.com If you are not concerned with a narrow broad band, you could use a blackbody emission. According to Wien's displacement law, 14.8THz to 22.5THz, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulation gives 251K to 387K. So, a resistive heater would give you the upper band and for the lower band, you'd need a Terahertz source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terahertz_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terahertz_radiation Like this one: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_wave_oscillatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_wave_oscillator
RE: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
At 02:56 PM 4/5/2012, Jones Beene wrote: Hey Daniel instead of straight wide spectrum low IR - why not add a special filter to a tuned resistance heater electrode to get some kind of pseudo coherence? Here is a pretty steep spike at 2 THz: http://www.insight-product.com/mesh3.htmhttp://www.insight-product.com/mesh3.htm Sweeping up from 3 THz or so, Letts found no effect until 8 THz. He got the most pronounced effects at 15 and 22 THz. Low terahertz might work, no? Doubt if they go very high without massive losses. No. 3 THz appears useless. It is possible that whatever we can come up with could be tested by Letts in his work. Trying to develop a cheap substitute for his expensive dual tunable lasers, while at the same time trying to replicate his work (which involves complexities in cathode preparation, etc.) would seem to be a Bad Idea, a formula for wasting vast amounts of time and money.) I would not rule out using a thermal source with mesh filters, if it could be tested with ease.
RE: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
-Original Message- From: Abd ul-Rahman Lomax Sweeping up from 3 THz or so, Letts found no effect until 8 THz. He got the most pronounced effects at 15 and 22 THz. OK, got it. That puts this into very difficult territory. This spectrum 15-22 THz is the upper end of the so-called terahertz gap. At the low end of the gap, high-speed transistors can operate; but semiconductors are pushing from both ends - since at the infrared edge, photonic devices operate. So this is truly no man's land for present day technology - and that could be a clue as to why it has not been previously exploited. But can we connect the dots? If it were easily accessible, perhaps an anomaly would have been apparent before now. IOW - potential exploitation of this gap has suffered from a lack of bright sources of radiation (or any coherent sources). But of course it is a logical error to assert that this indicates anything further. However, it is enticing to suggest that simple resistance heating, combined with a filter (even an inadvertent filter) which serves to induce semi-coherence in no-man's-land could be Rossi's big breakthrough (serendipitous breakthrough?). ... and the kicker is that if true - AR could still be ignorant of that M.O This begs the question: why would 15-22 THz, in theory, couple with Ni-H in a gainful way when higher radiation (lasers light) or lower (microwaves) would not do anywhere near as well? Jones attachment: winmail.dat
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
At 04:05 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required... 2012/4/5 Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net Hey Daniel instead of straight wide spectrum low IR - why not add a special filter to a tuned resistance heater electrode to get some kind of pseudo coherence? Here is a pretty steep spike at 2 THz: Yeah, I think Daniel is right. This is why dual laser stimulation is being used. It's relatively cheap. It's also low yield, but probably not as low as relying on a thermal source with a filter. And it's coherent, which might be necessary. I may suggest using a non-laser diode plus a tunable laser to generate the frequencies, to see if coherence is necessary Any ideas?
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
Why not use a carbon dioxide laser? At 04:05 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required... -Original Message- From: Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com; vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Thu, Apr 5, 2012 7:17 pm Subject: Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed At 04:05 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required... 2012/4/5 Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net Hey Daniel instead of straight wide spectrum low IR - why not add a special filter to a tuned resistance heater electrode to get some kind of pseudo coherence? Here is a pretty steep spike at 2 THz: Yeah, I think Daniel is right. This is why dual laser stimulation is being used. It's relatively cheap. It's also low yield, but probably not as low as relying on a thermal source with a filter. And it's coherent, which might be necessary. I may suggest using a non-laser diode plus a tunable laser to generate the frequencies, to see if coherence is necessary Any ideas?
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
Maybe it is the case of cooling the experiment with liquid nitrogen, to avoid self interference with the experiment. 8THz blackbody is a peak around 140K, so 71K is far away from that peak. 2012/4/5 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com At 12:30 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: If you are not concerned with a narrow broad band, you could use a blackbody emission. According to Wien's displacement law, 14.8THz to 22.5THz, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/**Wien%27s_displacement_law#** Frequency-dependent_**formulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulation http://en.**wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_**displacement_law#Frequency-** dependent_formulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%27s_displacement_law#Frequency-dependent_formulation gives 251K to 387K. The frequencies of interest are far infrared, or sometimes called mid-infrared. Blackbody emissions certainly exist in the range, but are are at low levels and are not coherent. I've been speculating, though, as an aside, that the erratic results of cold fusion might have to do with the presence or absence of environmental THz radiation. I don't know if anyone looked for this, and don't place a lot of weight on the idea
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
The idea was doing something cheap, right? 2012/4/5 fznidar...@aol.com Why not use a carbon dioxide laser? At 04:05 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required... -Original Message- From: Abd ul-Rahman Lomax a...@lomaxdesign.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com; vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Thu, Apr 5, 2012 7:17 pm Subject: Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed At 04:05 PM 4/5/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote: The problem would be the output. The low energy tail would have also a very low power. I think a specialized equipment for that band is required... 2012/4/5 Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net Hey Daniel – instead of straight wide spectrum low IR - why not add a special filter to a tuned resistance heater electrode to get some kind of pseudo coherence? Here is a pretty steep spike at 2 THz: Yeah, I think Daniel is right. This is why dual laser stimulation is being used. It's relatively cheap. It's also low yield, but probably not as low as relying on a thermal source with a filter. And it's coherent, which might be necessary. I may suggest using a non-laser diode plus a tunable laser to generate the frequencies, to see if coherence is necessary Any ideas? -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
That's the energy excitation corresponding Debye temperature in palladium 275K. That's odd. 2012/4/5 Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net This begs the question: why would 15-22 THz, in theory, couple with Ni-H in a gainful way when higher radiation (lasers light) or lower (microwaves) would not do anywhere near as well? Jones -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com
RE: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
From: Daniel Rocha That's the energy excitation corresponding Debye temperature in palladium at 275K. That's odd. Jones Beene wrote: This begs the question: why would 15-22 THz, in theory, couple with Ni-H in a gainful way when higher radiation (lasers light) or lower (microwaves) would not do anywhere near as well? Both odd, cold, and possible magnon-omous http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnon Side note on semantics - old, new, and collective. Given that Ni-H is not a fusion reaction, but Pd-D probably is, and both could involve phonon stimulation in a confined cavity at essentially cold temperature levels (below ambient average phonon frequency)... Given that there could be some relevance to ~15 THz photon stimulation and LENR, and this frequency is the equivalent of ~250 degrees K or -23 C, -10 F ... in other words: damn cold ... Isn't it somehow appropriate to consider that maybe we should be calling the entire field: cold confusion ... :-) attachment: winmail.dat
Re: [Vo]:Stimulation of LENR using dual lasers, creative engineering needed
Well, depending on the theory, CF can be much hotter than those of Tokamaks... 2012/4/6 Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net From: Daniel Rocha That's the energy excitation corresponding Debye temperature in palladium at 275K. That's odd. Jones Beene wrote: This begs the question: why would 15-22 THz, in theory, couple with Ni-H in a gainful way when higher radiation (lasers light) or lower (microwaves) would not do anywhere near as well? Both odd, cold, and possible magnon-omous http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnon Side note on semantics - old, new, and collective. Given that Ni-H is not a fusion reaction, but Pd-D probably is, and both could involve phonon stimulation in a confined cavity at essentially cold temperature levels (below ambient average phonon frequency)... Given that there could be some relevance to ~15 THz photon stimulation and LENR, and this frequency is the equivalent of ~250 degrees K or -23 C, -10 F ... in other words: damn cold ... Isn't it somehow appropriate to consider that maybe we should be calling the entire field: cold confusion ... :-) -- Daniel Rocha - RJ danieldi...@gmail.com
