[geo] RE: Researchers explore new method for glacial melt reduction

Hi All I can see that this would reduce melting in summer but what does it do about refreezing in winter? They mention only 24 June to 28 August. It would be a pain to have to lay cleaned material again every year. We want to do more that just a ski slope. (I hate strangling babies). Stephen F

RE: [geo] RE: Carbon Dioxide Is a Pollutant. Please Help Establish That Fact.

, 2022 5:42 PM To: SALTER Stephen Cc: Renaud de RICHTER ; healthy-planet-action-coalition ; Healthy Climate Alliance ; Healthy Climate Initiative ; geoengineering@googlegroups.com Subject: Re: [geo] RE: Carbon Dioxide Is a Pollutant. Please Help Establish That Fact. This email was sent to you

[geo] RE: Carbon Dioxide Is a Pollutant. Please Help Establish That Fact.

Hi All Has anybody consulted the vegetables about carbon dioxide being a pollutant? Some of my best food . . . Stephen From: healthy-planet-action-coalit...@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Renaud de RICHTER Sent: Friday, June 17, 2022 4:25 PM To: healthy-planet-action-coalition ; Healthy Clima

[geo] Net how much?

Hi All Below is information from the International Energy Agency to say that the output of refinery products increased 7.4 % to March 2022. Some of it will not end up as CO2. Stephen From: IEA S statistics Sent: Wednesday, June 15, 2022 3:01 PM To: SALTER Stephen Subject: Release of Monthly

[geo] RE: articles

Hi All I am forwarding this thread to BEIS, UK Government Department in charge of climate matters. I used to send preprints and a selection of important results to David Mackay the Chief Scientist at DECC the previous Department in charge. He really understood the science and engineering o

RE: [geo] Re: [CDR] The Hill article on Ocean Pasture Restoration

various seasons? Getting an everywhere-to-everywhere, season-by-season transfer-function of marine cloud brightening using the coded-modulation technique tested by Parkes and Gadian (but so far, nobody else) might help. Stephen From: Renaud de RICHTER Sent: Monday, May 16, 2022 2:33 PM To: SALTER

RE: [geo] Emission reduction remains public’s preferred approach to climate change

Hi All Zero change in mean temperature change but wild extremes such at the recent Texas winter and +38 C in Siberia might indeed be undesirable. However if I had to pick groups of people to undergo this . . . Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Michael MacCracken Sent

RE: [geo] Emission reduction remains public’s preferred approach to climate change

Hi All Americans are in love with six-shooters to their dying breath. Who made them think we are allowed only one climate solution? Did they know how many salt particles of a wide range of sizes are already being released into the environment from breaking waves on beaches? Stephen From: geoengi

RE: [geo] Mark Twain was the first geoengineer

Jim Tilting the earth’s axis back to the angle it should have been if properly constructed would save a great deal of energy for heating and air-conditioning but anything proposed by a gun club sounds rather energy intensive. A better way would be to set up a standing wave pattern called a seic

[geo] Ice loss

Please check out https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2021GL097595 about the alarming increase in the rate of loss of multi-year ice in the Arctic. Key Points: 1. MYI area loss in the Beaufort Sea quadrupled from 46,000 km2yr-1in 1997-2001 to 183,000 km2yr-1in 2017-2021

[geo] RE: RECENTLY PUBLISHED | The Carnegie Climate Governance Initiative's Latest Knowledge Products

Hi All Can anyone point me to a dedicated, formal, international group for the governance of the release of CO2, methane and nitrous gases? Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Anita Nzeh Sent: Friday, April 8, 2022 1:26 PM To: Geoengineering@googlegroups.com Subject: [g

[geo] IPCC

Hi all IPCC release meeting is at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=STFoSxqFQXU Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW 0131 650 5704 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-0h14RFq4M&t=155s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0BBVTStBrhw

[geo] RE: Marine Cloud Brightening for the Southern Ocean

lition' ; hpac-steering-cir...@googlegroups.com; noac-meeti...@googlegroups.com; 'pfieko' ; 'Ron Baiman' ; SALTER Stephen ; 'Peter Wadhams' Subject: Re: Marine Cloud Brightening for the Southern Ocean This email was sent to you by someone outside the University.

RE: [geo] Re: Is Inadvertent "Reverse Geoengineering" since 2020 significantly warming the planet ?

Hi All The present environmental regulations for geoengineering (not totally ratified) were framed at a time when we were dumping nuclear waste, unexploded munitions and even poison gas into the sea. They essentially meant ‘no new chemicals’. Marine cloud brightening uses material that is alrea

[geo] RE: Marine Cloud Brightening

Clive Yes but if the life is shorter you need more aircraft. Stephen From: healthy-planet-action-coalit...@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Clive Elsworth Sent: Sunday, January 30, 2022 12:35 PM To: SALTER Stephen Cc: Ron Baiman ; Sev Clarke ; Peter Wadhams ; Chris Vivian ; H simmens ; John

[geo] RE: Marine Cloud Brightening

Clive There is not much rain in the stratosphere where SO2 will be injected. Stephen. From: healthy-planet-action-coalit...@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Clive Elsworth Sent: Sunday, January 30, 2022 11:59 AM To: SALTER Stephen Cc: Ron Baiman ; Sev Clarke ; Peter Wadhams ; Chris Vivian ; H

[geo] RE: Marine Cloud Brightening

Clive How do you think that stuff got up to the Ozone hole? Stephen From: healthy-planet-action-coalit...@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Clive Elsworth Sent: Saturday, January 29, 2022 11:22 PM To: SALTER Stephen Cc: Ron Baiman ; Sev Clarke ; Peter Wadhams ; Chris Vivian ; H simmens ; John

RE: [geo] Non-Use and Earth System Governance

Hi All It is not quite accurate to say that marine cloud brightening is ‘global in effect’. The short life of spray and the high speed of hydrofoil spray vessels mean that we can aim cooling at hot blobs in the ocean or El Niño events. Precision depends on how accurately we can predict wind dire

RE: [geo] Solar geoengineering: The case for an international non-use agreement

High All Is the release of greenhouse gases, plastic bags, excessive antibiotics, space debris, CFC’s, brake dust, unexploded munitions and uranium mine tailings governable in a globally inclusive and just manner within the current international political system? Stephen From: geoengineering@go

[geo] FW: RMetS meeting on Friday 14th January

Hi All I hope that this will be interesting. For a month either side of the summer solstice there is more heat going into the North pole than the equator. Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW 0131 650 5704 https://www.yout

[geo] ships for CO2 dumping

Hi All https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/research-into-low-pressure-co2-shipping-for-carbon-capture-and-storage Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW 0131 650 5704 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-0h14RFq4M&t=155s h

RE: [geo] Geoengineering video list - November

8 From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of SALTER Stephen Sent: Monday, November 29, 2021 2:04 PM To: infogeo...@gmail.com; Geoengineering@googlegroups.com Subject: RE: [geo] Geoengineering video list - November Hi All Is the boring first 3.4 minutes of the marine cloud brightening int

[geo] FW: Starting in 2 hours: Climate Change Committee - 2021 Progress Report to Scottish Parliament

From: Climate Change Committee Sent: Tuesday, December 7, 2021 8:02 AM To: SALTER Stephen Subject: Starting in 2 hours: Climate Change Committee - 2021 Progress Report to Scottish Parliament This email was sent to you by someone outside the University. You should only click on links or

RE: [geo] Geoengineering video list - November

Hi All Is the boring first 3.4 minutes of the marine cloud brightening intended to discourage people from viewing it. Can it be edited out? Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Geoeng Info Sent: Monday, November 29, 2021 12:14 AM To: Geoengineering@googlegroups.com Subj

[geo] FW: COP26: The world is dangerously off track to meet the Paris Agreement commitments

Hi All Below is an alarming report from Chatham House who are a respectable authority on a wide range of subjects. Stephen From: Chatham House Sent: Thursday, September 16, 2021 12:02 PM To: SALTER Stephen Subject: COP26: The world is dangerously off track to meet the Paris Agreement

FW: [geo] Climate change challange: Free-riders and geo-engineering

From: SALTER Stephen Sent: Sunday, September 12, 2021 9:02 AM To: infogeo...@gmail.com Subject: RE: [geo] Climate change challange: Free-riders and geo-engineering Hi All Why ‘either or’ in line 3 of the Kemper abstract? Suppose that we need both? Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com

[geo] COP 26 rejection

Hi All The site https://theferret.scot/were-barred-from-cop26-nuclear-industry-complains/?utm_source=ActiveCampaign&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=New+Daily+Alerts&utm_content=We+re+barred+from+COP26+%3A+nuclear+industry+complains+after+rejected+applications+%7C+%E2%80%8BDaily+Alerts+email+from+Th

RE: [geo] RE: IPCC AR6 Summary for Policymakers

Hi All Behind every root cause is another root cause. The root cause of greenhouse gases is excessive human population. An effective solution to that is uncomfortably topical but would not be well received. Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Cush Ngonzo Luwesi Sent:

[geo] At last

Hi All This https://www.ipcc.ch/2021/08/05/press-conference-details-wgi-ar6/ might be of interest. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW 0131 650 5704 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZBB6WtH_Ni8 The University of Edinburgh is a

[geo] Government discussions

Hi All https://www.reddit.com/r/pics/comments/9bc8yw/this_is_a_statue_located_in_berlin_entitled/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x&context=3 seems uncomfortably accurate. Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW 0131 650 5704

RE: [geo] Reflections on a hypothetical decentralized grassroots deployment solar geoengineering scenario

Just imagine how awful would it be if millions of private citizens could take things into their own hands about releasing harmful greenhouse gases for personal comfort or selfish commercial gain. From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Geoeng Info Sent: Tuesday, July 20, 2021 10:00

[geo] FW: I hope you'll watch this video

Hi All I found the discussion link below run by Metta Spencer, email above, below very interesting. She pretends to be new to the subject and then asks exactly the right questions. Please let me know if you would like a note about a new way to inject ocean iron. I think that we were too quick

[geo] FW: New IRGC article: "A risk-risk assessment framework for Solar Radiation Modification"

: IRGC (International Risk Governance Center) Sent: Thursday, July 15, 2021 11:46 AM To: SALTER Stephen Subject: New IRGC article: "A risk-risk assessment framework for Solar Radiation Modification" This email was sent to you by someone outside the University. You should only click o

[geo] Pierrehumbert objections to marine cloud brightening

Dear Raymond The reasons you give in today's Guardian article by Amy Fleming as objections to marine cloud brightening are in fact strong arguments in its favour. Weather patterns do indeed depend on ocean temperatures which are now being changed by human activities. Marine cloud brightening us

[geo] Environmental permissions and reactions

Hi All The link https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/video-carrier-uss-ford-undergoes-first-explosive-shock-trial Shows some interesting results of work by the United States Navy. It would be interesting to compare the environmental impact on marine organisms with what have come from the SP

RE: [geo] Some say we can ‘solar-engineer’ ourselves out of the climate crisis. Don’t buy it Ray Pierrehumbert and Michael Mann

Hi All The root cause of the root cause of the CO2 problem is the excessive population of humans. The best solution would be genetic engineering of a virus with high mortality and transmission efficiency. Covid 19 is pathetically inadequate. We would need to crank up the rate of variant prod

[geo] RE: How to make things much whiter?

: SALTER Stephen ; John Nissen Subject: How to make things much whiter? This email was sent to you by someone outside the University. You should only click on links or attachments if you are certain that the email is genuine and the content is safe. According this newly invented pigment the secret of

RE: [geo] National Academy briefing re: geoengineering governing happening right now

Hi All I wonder why they did not include a reference to doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-629 Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road EH9 3 DW University of Edinburgh Scotland. Tel 0131 662 1180 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZBB6WtH_Ni8 From: geoe

RE: [geo] How the shipping industry can halve climate-warming black carbon in the Arctic

Hi All Here is something from Greenland relevant to Andrew’s message. Some could be ash from volcanos. [cid:image001.jpg@01D7215C.22813580] Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road EH9 3 DW University of Edinburgh Scotland. Tel 0131 662 1180 h

RE: [geo] The response of terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycling under different aerosol-based radiation management geoengineering

Hi All Like several previous workers the authors of the paper, use the accumulation-mode spread of aerosol size between latitudes 45 N and 45 S all the time at a rate to offset RCP 8.5. The effort or cost needed for marine cloud brightening is in proportion the volume of water that we have to

[geo] G5 Phase adjustment

Dear Dr Adeniyi Following your paper in SN Applied Sciences I am writing to ask if you could test the effects of changing the phase and amplitude of sea salt injections relative to the phase of the monsoons. The short life of spray and the mobility of spray vessels might give you a valuable c

RE: [geo] Under a White Sky

Hi All This may be an over simplification. It depends on what you spray where in the atmosphere and which bit of sky. Sea salt in the troposphere makes the tops of clouds over the sea, which were already white, a bit whiter but does not affect blue skies or clouds over land where most people

RE: [geo] Extreme climate response to marine cloud brightening in the arid Sahara-Sahel-Arabian Peninsula zone

Hi All If my decrypting of the Met. Speak encoding is correct this sounds quite encouraging. The 50% increase in nuclei concentration under clouds is quite a modest dose. Working at latitudes between 30N and 30S at the same spray with the full dispersion width of the accumulation mode of aeros

RE: [geo] Forcing Dependence of Atmospheric Lapse Rate Changes Dominates Residual Polar Warming in Solar Radiation Management Climate Scenarios

Hi All Some confusion would be avoided if the abstract mentioned which flavour of SRM was being studied. Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Andrew Lockley Sent: 16 January 2021 08:00 To: geoengineering Subject: [geo] Forcing Dependence of Atmospheric Lapse Rate Changes

[geo] Biggest iceberg

Hi All If you are into icebergs check out https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/world-s-largest-iceberg-breaks-apart-menacing-southern-ocean Most sailors try not to be. Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road EH9 3 DW University of Edinb

[geo] Marine cloud brightening

Dear Cynthia I have seen your comments about marine cloud brightening. It can be used to put sea surface temperatures back to where they used to be. This ought to be better than unbridled increases. Salt is medicinally benign and free. Clouds are abundant and self-cleaning. All the power com

RE: [geo] Reduction of the future Greenland ice sheet surface melt with the help of solar geoengineering

Hi All The highest estimate for Greenland ice sheet loss is 325 billion tonnes a year. If I multiply this by the latent heat of fusion of ice and divide by the area of Greenland 2.166 million square kilometres I get 1.59 watts per square metre. I think that this could be done by marine cloud b

[geo] FW: Meeting of RMetS on Tuesday 8th December

From: Richard Tabony Sent: 30 November 2020 10:35 To: Richard Tabony Subject: Meeting of RMetS on Tuesday 8th December This email was sent to you by someone outside the University. You should only click on links or attachments if you are certain that the email is genuine and the content is sa

RE: [geo] State commissioning of Solar Radiation Management geoengineering: Ethics, Policy & Environment

Andrew Hope that is not costing you anything. Stephen From: Andrew Lockley Sent: 23 November 2020 20:15 To: SALTER Stephen Cc: geoengineering Subject: Re: [geo] State commissioning of Solar Radiation Management geoengineering: Ethics, Policy & Environment This email was sent to yo

RE: [geo] State commissioning of Solar Radiation Management geoengineering: Ethics, Policy & Environment

Hi All Is £195 for an electronic download a record? Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Andrew Lockley Sent: 23 November 2020 11:11 To: geoengineering Subject: [geo] State commissioning of Solar Radiation Management geoengineering: Ethics, Policy & Environment This em

RE: [geo] Solar geoengineering may not prevent strong warming from direct effects of CO2 on stratocumulus cloud cover

Hi All This is a very interesting result and an important warning about the dangers of 1700 parts per million CO2. It might be possible if difficult to selectively breed more intelligent politicians in the next a hundred years but we would need to know what to do with rejects. I am not quite

RE: [geo] Antipyretic Medication for a Feverish Planet Markus Stoffel, David B. Stephenson & Jim M. Haywood

Hi All Not much sign of it so far. Neither was there after the 2008 financial crisis. 7.6% of 420 is 31.9. [cid:image003.jpg@01D6B6B1.B7EEDE80] Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Andrew Lockley Sent: 09 November 2020 15:09 To: geoengineering Subject: [geo] Antipyr

[geo] Missing ice

Hi All Mark Serreze has a bit about Arctic ice at https://www.maritime-executive.com/editorials/where-s-the-sea-ice-three-reasons-the-arctic-freeze-is-late-this-year Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering Mayfield Road EH9 3 DW University of Edinburgh Sco

[geo] 'The Economist' Climate risk webinar

Hi All All last week 'The Economist' had a well-attended webinar about climate risk. For the next two weeks you can download the discussions from https://app.swapcard.com/event/climate-risk-virtual-week?utm_campaign=EM1701%20-%20Email%201%20-%

[geo] RE: Geoengineering paper and ground nuts

Dear Huiyi Thank you for your email about the effect of geoengineering on the failure rate of groundnut crops. Please tell me if you were modelling marine cloud brightening, stratospheric sulphur or just turning down the solar input. Your paper is behind a paywall and present UK policy is host

[geo] FW: Arctic Circle VIRTUAL: New event-time

From: Arctic Circle Secretariat Sent: 28 September 2020 15:39 To: SALTER Stephen Subject: Arctic Circle VIRTUAL: New event-time [https://mcusercontent.com/a56ce2128001bdcb7974e9ea2/images/413c7784-2b90-4f54-829b-7ca697b097a8.png] How will the Arctic be impacted by the U.S. Presidential

[geo] who governs?

Hi All See https://www.maritime-executive.com/editorials/who-governs-climate-intervention-and-geoengineering-on-the-high-seas Stephen The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, with registration number SC005336. -- You received this message because you are subsc

Re: [geo] Effects of global warming and solar geoengineering on precipitation seasonality

Hi All Is it too late for the authors to make is clear which kind of solar geo-engineering they are writing about? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design, School of Engineering, Mayfield Road, University of Edinburgh EH9 3DW, Scotland On 14-Jan-19 4:52 PM, Andrew Lockley wrote: ht

Re: [geo] current state of the science

from the volcano. Eventually, combined solutions of both SRM and MCB may help to achieve the most beneficial result. Simone On Fri, Jan 4, 2019 at 3:34 AM SALTER Stephen mailto:s.sal...@ed.ac.uk>> wrote: Hi All Even more fortunately I have written the attached comments on the Harvard wo

[geo] Glacier methane

Hi All The site https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0800-0 has a scary account of ice sheets currently being ignored in global methane budgets but methane coming out from melting glaciers. Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design, School of Engineering, Mayfield Road, Univers

Re: [geo] The Risk of Termination Shock From Solar Geoengineering - Andy Parker1 and Peter J. Irvine2

Hi All Who would prefer something that was irreversible? Stephen On 15-Dec-18 3:45 PM, Andrew Lockley wrote: The Risk of Termination Shock From Solar Geoengineering Andy Parker1 and Peter J. Irvine2 1Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam, Germany, 2John A. Paulson School of Eng

Re: [geo] Emmett (ULCA) Climate Engineering Fellowship in Environmental Law and Policy 2019-2021

Hi All Is there any money to pay engineers? I have two hungry ones. Stephen On 19-Nov-18 12:08 PM, Reynolds, Jesse wrote: UCLA School of Law’s Emmett Institute on Climate Change and the Environment invites applications for a fellowship in environmental law and policy, with particular focus

Re: [geo] C2G2 new hires

Hi All This excellent news would be even better if there were similar numbers of engineers working on the hardware which will be necessary. Stephen On 07-Nov-18 10:41 AM, Andrew Lockley wrote: https://www.c2g2.net/c2g2-welcomes-new-team-members/ Carnegie Climate Geoengineering Governance In

Re: [geo] Can anyone offer a CE perspective on this SLR article?

about a tenth of that.) doug From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com<mailto:geoengineering@googlegroups.com> [mailto:geoengineering@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of SALTER Stephen Sent: Friday, November 03, 2017 3:13 PM To: holly.jean.b...@gmail.com<mailto:holly.jean.b...@gmail.com&g

Re: [geo] Can anyone offer a CE perspective on this SLR article?

Hi All My suggestion is based on the idea that more precipitation and lower temperature will produce more ice. With marine cloud brightening in the troposphere we have some control of where this will form. I think that the papers Holly mentions may have been about stratospheric sulphur. Steph

Re: [geo] Can anyone offer a CE perspective on this SLR article?

Andrew Do marine cloud brightening near but not too close to polar and Greenland ice during the months either side of mid summer. Evaporation from the sea at mid latitudes will provide precipitation to increase polar ice depth which will be retained by the lower temperatures. Adjust the amoun