As the very first contributor to the list, my thanks to Keith for his
sterling work, and an obvious question:
Will the archives still be accessible from Martin Klingensmith's NNYTech
site?
David T.
Biofuels at Journey to Forever
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
List messages are archive
Tom,
This report incorporates most previous studies on the topic. It has been
criticised for being less than generous to biodiesel from waste oil, but
have a look anyway:
http://www.defra.gov.uk/farm/acu/research/reports/nf0422.pdf
David T.
Biofuels at Journey to Forever
http://journeytoforev
One of my customers for biodiesel is a musician. He decided to build a new
recording studio behind his house. First job was to excavate for the
foundations. Being a Brit. and careful with money, he hired a small digger
and had 6 friends come round with wheelbarrows to shift the surplus earth.
O
Good. Free copy of DIN EN 14214 found and translated by AltaVista Babelfish
from
http://members.dokom.net/torsten.kiebert/html/dinen14214.html
As well as iodine number (which is a proxy for degree of unsaturation),
there are also limits for the percentage of linoleate ester and for esters
of fatt
Pannier,
Hydro-cyclone separation is a good idea in principle. From my experience
with these, I should think you will be looking at a bank of several small
diameter units manifolded together on all three pipes (inlet, apex and
vortex finder). If these are above the reactor and uninsulated, the m
Quite impressive by the American funding agencies. One reservation though:
>"The project's goal is to develop catalyst
>systems and a continuous process to produce isosorbide from sorbitol
>and to support a scale-up of the process, purification and recovery,
>and pilot plant operation. "
So are
So, the old question of centrifuge vs. straight gravity separation has
re-surfaced. I had dismissed centrifuges for various reasons, but would
still like to speed things up. One action I have observed is that when
misty ME is left to settle in a glass cylinder, a lot of the water is
attracted to
BBC programme Auto Motive covers issues current on this list. Recommended
listening at:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/factual/rams/mon0902.ram
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BBC programme Auto Motive covers issues current on this list. Recommended
listening at:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/factual/rams/mon0902.ram
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I was intrigued by the contribution of a few weeks back and copied below.
So I checked back to Mike Pelly and others recipes. No sign of why 3.5g/l
is the amount of NaOH needed for biodiesel (over & above ffa neutralisation
amount). Can someone elucididate please?
Keith, quoting Todd on 7th Aug
Talking of climate change, have a look at the UK's campaign group activities
and information at:
http://freethesheeple.net/cacc/html/index.html
They also intend to use and promote biofuels
David T.
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(not USA mobile home, just a garden trailer). Buy it in California and sell
it in Iowa when it is empty.
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David T.
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Terry Lohnes' original post reported that :
> Right now, I'm experimenting with separation of 80%
> soybean oil, 20% water (emulsified in a blender) using a CaCl salt
> solution at varying concentrations and temperatures.
My concern is that this is not representative of typical water contaminati
Christopher Phillips reports:
"I have found that by adding a small quantity of
>Potassium Carbonate to a mixture of Ethanol and Water, the solution
>separates into an aqueous phase and an organic phase (the organic phase
>being the Ethanol of course)."
If this is true, shame on all those scientis
This is quite an impressive achievement, so please don't dismiss it out of
hand. It is also far more practical than the hydrogen fuel cell car
demonstrated on UK TV's Top Gear programme last night. The website is at
www.usinduction.com . Some of us experimented with water mist or vapour
inducti
Levent,
Diester is a confusing name. The 'di' part has nothing to do with
chemistry, it is just short for 'diesel', while the 'ester' part is ...
well .. ester :-)
David T.
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Hakan,
Your perspective on hydrogen is probably right and needs saying in public.
You make comparisons with gas from coal. I remember in the days before
methane was discovered in the North Sea (known as 'North Sea' gas rather
than 'Natural' gas here in Britain by the way), and most towns & cities
Paul,
I recently visited a very large diester plant in Northern France. Their
feedstock is 100% French grown rapeseed oil, processing flowchart is bog
standard. Plant is alongside an oil extraction industry, whose output is
40% to food trade and 60% to diester. Fuel is shipped (by water transpo
Also in UK, have had the same problem. Tried angle grinder (eats blades and
VERY noisy), jigsaw better but still somewhat antisocial, and a nibbler
which is great, although it creates thousands of small crescent-shaped
shards of tinplate swarf. To get the nibbler started, a sharp chisel makes
th
"Kerry's proposal, which an aide said would cost a net $18 billion
over 10 years, would make cars and trucks more energy efficient by
offering tax incentives for purchases of efficient vehicles and new
incentives for manufacturers to build them."
Meanwhile European manufacturers have been buildin
Until the numbers get bigger, this possibly qualifuies as greenwash? Good
idea in principle, though not exactly new.
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Here's an interesting clip from
http://www.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/pdfs/25315hh.pdf
Results
In earlier work we reported the ease of gasification of glycerol in
supercritical water.Table 2
confirms the earlier result.In it we see that the hydrogen content of the
gas increases from 38%
Last para. of this posting of justification for new generating plant burning
high-sulphur Illinos coal was:
"Mead told the lawmakers that ultralow emission technologies that
address all emissions, including carbon dioxide, are in the pipeline.
"Such low or zero emission systems may be years away
Daniel,
I think you will find that water has a greater affinity for ethanol than it
does for quicklime (CaO), so you cannot rely on this to absorb unwanted
water from the mix. It has been used for neutralising FFAs. Try an archive
search on 'another way'.
I don't really know the answer to your o
James wrote:
"WOW! There is a market for FFA's ..
http://www.changingworldtech.com/techfr.htm
I would have never guessed. Now how to sell it in bulk following glyc
seperation.
James Slayden"
Unfortunately, the process produces FFAs rather than consuming the little
blighters, per the followi
Mark,
When you raised the bubble-dry issue a few weeks back, I wasn't convinced
that the main action was necessarily water evaporation. I tend to store
samples of biodiesel in capped 2 litre Dr. Pepper style plastic bottles, and
had noticed that if an air space is left above the liquid, it always
Tom, Mark,
For comparison, my glyc. burner is a converted natural gas water heater from
my brother's house. It started with one Babbington nozzle fashioned from a
soup-spoon, with air supplied from a 12 volt tyre-inflating compressor.
Enough ambient air is entrained by the atomising jet to comple
"Hi David
Was he talking specifically about glyc, or about the complete
by-product, with soap/FFA and catalyst?
Best
Keith"
I buttonholed him over canapes at a seminar, so could not be that specific.
I had the impression that the technique would work with any liquid fuel that
was miscible (or
Several contributors have spoken about drip plates. I was advised by a
prof. of fuel science that dissolving 5% water in the glyc. would cause it
to vaporise explosively on contact with the hot plate, so improving
atomisation and combustion completeness. Obviously, you would lose the
latent heat
James wrote:
"actually MM, Rayon is made from corn starch and some nasty chemicals. :)"
I seem to recall Rayon being made from coal in the UK, in the days before
North Sea Oil.
David
Biofuels at Journey to Forever
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
Biofuel at WebConX
http://webconx.gre
Thanks, Paddy. I always understood that the dark colouration was due to the
FFAs. What do you reckon is in the by-product apart from glycerine, alcohol
and a few salts? If oleic (and other?) FAs are soluble in esters, does this
account for the variation in colour between batches (base-base proc
I wonder whether this would work on the mixture of FFAs and glycerol that
combine in our 'by-product'. i.e. with no triglycerides present.
David T.
Biofuels at Journey to Forever
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
Biofuel at WebConX
http://webconx.green-trust.org/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm
At last a note of sane reality injected into this thread from Harry.
Thanks, this is one I don't have to immediately delete. I believe there
have been parallel arguments in Brazil concerning the ecological
consequences of large-scale sugar production. Keith will doubtless
reinforce the appreciat
"Please reply direct to Daniel.
Keith"
Someone please tell Daniel that any bus can become a 'biodiesel bus' simply
by putting the right fuel in its tank.
David
>We are interested in contacting a biodiesel bus organization or interest
for
>a possible eco-tour of Los Angeles using a biodiesel bus
Sorry, direct ref should be:
http://reporter.leeds.ac.uk/483/s3.htm
Biofuels at Journey to Forever
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
Biofuel at WebConX
http://webconx.green-trust.org/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm
List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech:
http://archive.nnytec
Quote from the Leeds University alumni magazine www.leeds.ac.uk/alumni :
Fuel and energy researchers are hoping to use sunflower oil to produce
hydrogen, a fuel of the future. Hydrogen has been attractive as a fuel
because it can create electricity with no harmful emissions. Most methods
of
Lots of interesting chemistry coming out of this thread, but I do wonder
whether the answer might not be in the physics rather than the chemistry of
the process. Possibly the glycerol has not fully settled when the upper
layers of ester are syphoned off. Then, when the lower level is exposed to
I have only limited experience of ethanol as motor fuel. Mine was hydrous
(around 165 deg. proof) and immiscible with petrol. The car ran well enough
after opening out the carb. jet, but the corrosion of metal and plastic
components was very severe (just as decribed in the article). I have alwa
I have had a car running on home-made ethanol, but abandoned the project in
favour of biodiesel, mainly on cost grounds. There is, however, another
aspect of ethanol which disquiets. Most proponents cite the carbon dioxide
released during fermentation as some sort of advantage, saying it promote
This flies in the face of conventional wisdom, which maintains that aerosols
like soot actually reduce warming by reflecting solar radiation back into
space. Even black particles do this by re-radiating infra-red having been
warmed themselves. I don't like to discuss conspiracy theories, but thi
Jaques raised a very good question back on 5th Sept., and as a non-chemist I
was looking forward to seeing what the answer would be (something about
polymerisation perhaps). A related problem seems to have arisen with very
high pressure common rail systems (1600 Bar). These issues must be
addres
The interesting part of the report is below. Is this feasible I wonder,
given the different iodine and cetane numbers in the two standards. Mind
you, the plant hasn't actually been built yet, so I guess they can say what
they like ;-)
"Agua Mansa is designed to produce biodiesel that will not
One fact in common to all the recent contributors to this thread has been
the bad effects of water produced in the acid esterification of FFAs;
including saponification in the subsequent base transestrification stage.
Most of us like to keep things simple, so I contemplate a boiling operation
betw
Thanks for your response, prof. Allen. I'll formulate an inquiry to
Mohammed Farid as you suggest. You mentioned Thai railway application. I
saw somewhere that German railways are using SVO in some of their shunting
engines.
The encouraging part of your message is you are reacting at 60C and tha
In Scotland, chip shops use lard (animal fat). Last week I took a quantity
of such material and tried (admittedly without much confidence) using the
same procedure as for WVO (2 stage base). Nothing doing, as expected. I
was hoping Aleks' acid/base method would be the answer, but from Todd's
re
Thanks to everyone who contributed to this thread. I have sent Paddy's
reference to yer man. Here's hoping..
David T.
Biofuels at Journey to Forever
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
Biofuel at WebConX
http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm
List messages are archive
A prospective biodiesel user (waste management contractor) operates a fleet
already fitted with catalytic converters. Can anyone please point to an
authoritative reference which confirms that the fuel and the device are
compatible? Obviously the workers are in close proximity to the tailpipe
emi
Steven wrote:
"Harry, fascinating stuff. Where did you get your Australian info from? I
would love to see the reports. I have suggested to quite a few farmers that
the introduction od LSD & ULSD is going to give us farmers a bit of trouble
based on every one elses woes, but no-one really thinks it
Todd wrote:
"David,
I'm trying to get a handle on what "yesterday's technology" is
relative to biodiesel manufacture.
Esterification and transesterification technologies aren't going
to be changing much more in the future than they have in the
recent past. And even if a few improvements in CP or
Tom,
Camillo reckons 250,000 gal/yr is too small to be economic based on European
experience. Please bear in mind that Europeans enjoyed a lot of EU
financial support and possibly illegal tax breaks in their home markets.
Therefore they did not have to hone costs in anything like the way you have
Are you sure about this, Keith? I have tried to mix hydrous ethanol (about
80%) with biodiesel by shaking in a glass jar, and found that they separate
again. Also, I have seen references to far lower biodiesel water
solubilities than the 1200 ppm reported by Camillo (e.g. 7 ppm).
As for the coar
K. Vishwanath wants to devise dual-fuel capability for petrol & 100%
ethanol. I did this 2 years ago in order to use 170 proof (15% water)
ethanol without the need to dehydrate it. This is good fuel but will not
mix with petrol. My approach was to:
1.Fit a 3-way valve to the inlet manifold
Tom's reply is very interesting. I have been looking at the Babington stuff
too, and now realise that it would ideal for co-firing glyc. with bottled
propane. The propane gas could be fed directly into the ball instead of
compressed air, inter-alia saving the need for a compressor. I've not had
Chuck wrote:
"What to do with all the Glycerin? Egads! BURN IT! many, many BTU's
there.
Wait a minute...maybe we should pump it back into the ground where all the
oil came from to prevent earthquakes =:-O"
I agree, but how to do it safely and in a way that the useful heat can be
recovered. I
Please, no more bickering you two heroes!
Multipurpose degreaser, eh?! That's a great idea and presumably doesn't
attract EPA strictures in USA. Do your customers enjoy degreasing the
insides of their fuel tanks I wonder. Sorry, how would you know?
David T
Yahoo! Gr
Motie,
Youre on the right track with corrugated culvert pipe. I have done some
work on resistance of pipes to external pressure, and have a design
spreadsheet somewhere. Otherwise, you can find good guidelines from AWWA
(American WaterWorks Association) for thin-wall pipe with external
stiffenin
Motie-d was asking about vacuum pumps, fridge compressors etc for vac
distillation. One idea I have toyed with is inspired by the famous
Magdeburg experiment where air was expelled from a vessel by boiling water
in it. The steam replaces the air. When the vessel is cooled again, the
steam conden
Phil,
Try www.thomasautos.co.uk
Neil Eldridge is service director and very knowledgeable. Thomas Auto
Injection are agents for the Stanadyne range of US-made goodies, which I
think would include what you are looking for.
David T.
Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --
Tom, it's probably not "time for guerilla biodiesel", but there are PLENTY
of environmental advocacy groups who would espouse your cause. Pressure,
especially independent and well-publicised, on your administrators is the
best chance to get them to reconsider their INTERPRETATION of the rules the
Had a good look at this with a view to burning glycerol (after recovering XS
methanol). If anybody has actually built one of these, perhaps they will
have some advice on how well it works..and on what fuel. Any
temperature estimates?
Combustion air is admitted via the pre-heating chamber on
I have been offered 4.5 tonnes of unused palm kernel oil from an ice cream
factory which is closing down. It is a hard solid at ambient temperature
and normally stored at 50C. The offer will expire, and I'm not sure whether
to take this material as I have no experience with processing exotics.
This sounds like the hoax we had a few months back. Suggest investigate
before deleting possibly essential system file.
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Some interesting stuff here for builders of biodiesel processors
http://www.oilmiser.com/ideas.htm
David T.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
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Tony,
This is a common question with a multitude of answers, none of them very
good at the moment. The main options seem to be:
1Sell or give it to craft soap makers
2Become a craft soap maker
3Consolidate your output with others and have it refined/distilled into
commercial grade gly
no nitrogen? must be burning in a pure oxygen atmosphere ;-)
Steve Spence
Either that or combustion temperature is much lower than usual, which would
be less thermodynamically efficient. Dont mock USM. I have had other
dealings with them and they are in the first or second rank academically.
I
Paddy wrote:
"Glad to see there's some interest in this method of 'biodiesel' production.
I think you're right that it would no longer be called biodiesel, there's a
company called Ebony solutions in Chester, UK that produces what it calls
'E-diesel'"
Of course Ebony has access to a very consiste
Hints of more efficient and less costly processes than the traditional
NaOH/methanol approach should be taken seriously. Remember the porcine
lipase thread of a few months back? Anyone investing strong money in plant
reliant on the traditional approach must accept the risk that it may become
obs
rocess. Hmmm does anyone
really know the answer?
David Teal
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James wrote:
"I'm thinking of tapping off from the base of the washing vessel and
pumping the water / bio back into the top of the vessel via a
domestic shower head. Has anyone tried this?
I'm also wondering what I can do with the residual water after the
cleaning process is completed.
James"
I
my local parliamentary candidate knows about biodiesel. His url is:
http://www.eastkent-greenparty.org.uk/elections/richardboden.htm
Unfortunately, there is no direct email address, although I know he has
one..just can't find it at the moment. No harm in going through his agent I
guess.
David T
Terry Biofuels wrote in the other list:
"No real need to boil after washing - if you want, take it up to 80 deg C
and
most water will drop out.
Murkiness is probably tallow esters, if temperature is below 8 deg C and pH
is 7. Warm slightly, when it will disappear.
Allow tallows to settle for a w
John Li makes a convincing, if subjective, case for there being a shortfall
in the octane rating of locally supplied petrol in Philippines. Surely this
is a golden opportunity to go for ethanol blending (gasohol) which is IMHO
the best way to raise octane rating. Somebody ought to pick up on thi
Dale is right, recovered methanol is OK to re-use. I have found that from
biod made using 15% meth (v/v WVO), the glyc. yields 3% meth (v/v WVO) and
is well worth the trouble of simple distillation at 70 deg C. Probably will
use 20% in future for an easier life without unnecessary loss of costly
s
like plywood boxes filled with sand (easy to create and dismantle with hand
tools only). I reckon this approach is still appropriate to places like
Philippines, Marc.
David Teal
Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
Please do NOT send "unsubscribe&qu
Quote from a MAFF report:
12
1.0.iii Oil Crops - Markets
The total world production of vegetable oils is over 85 million tonnes, with
more than 80%
originating from soya bean, oil palm, rapeseed, sunflower and coconut.
Whilst the majority of
this oil is used in the food industry 25% is used in non
Martin Brook wrote:
"A company called Irvine do them in theUK. Irvine Engines Ltd, Unit 2,
Brunswick Ind. Pk, New Southgate, London, N11 1JL. I've lost their number
but directory enquiries have it."
As a long-time model flying enthusiast, I have, of course been experimenting
with biofuels in mod
Exactly right, it's called pilot injection and is an alternative to fitting
spark plugs when using gaseous fuel such as from a wood gasifier or any
other source. Fuel use in the pilot system can be rather minor once the
engine is warmed up.
David T.
"As I understand it, Diesels running on gaseou
Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) announced Monday
that it will start turning its food waste into electricity through a
six-month pilot program. The airport currently ships as much
as 7,800 tons of food waste to landfills each year. Through
the new pilot program, the waste will instead be sh
y but would be a goldmine of
information."
I have been in touch with BESO, but there is no record of EW on their
database. The young lady scanned all the 'W' s too, in case the spelling
was awry. Seems this particular enzyme expert is not that easy to find.
Pity.
David Teal
Biofuel a
The subject of vacuum pumps seems to have come up again. Here's a repeat of
an earlier post which had no response at the time
- Original Message -
From: David Teal <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To:
Sent: Monday, January 22, 2001 1:31 PM
Subject: [biofuel] Dale's machine
> Ye
be a goldmine of
information. How about you Simon Wells?"
I am a BESO member, and could possibly try to track him down. There are
people in their 70s who are pretty sharp, EW could be one of them.
David Teal
Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
To unsubsc
Another way anybody can estimate the power needed to keep their vehicle
moving at constant speed (air resistance + rolling resistance) is to coast
in neutral down a long hill. Note the terminal speed reached, the weight of
the vehicle, and check on a contour map to find the gradient of the downhi
Ben,
That's a smart idea, but I'll bet somebody will come along with all the
reasons why not.
Meanwhile, let's figure out how to physically tap into this pressure source
without spoiling any expensive bits. How much pressure is there in the
exhaust? How does it vary with revs and throttle setting
l be good to get your
feedback.
David Teal
"hi david & dick..
i just fitted a fogger using dick's system few hours ago. it is the
simplest of all fogger i've come accross. thank's dick:)..i'm using a
honda integra 80's model using carburetor. i kept it as a secr
Who wanted to see a bio-diesel pump?
http://europa.eu.int/en/comm/dg17/atlas/html/body_biootech.html
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Your use of
Dick
Thanks for your eagerly awaited report on long-term trials with the fogger
fitted to your small Fiat. Actual data are so much more useful than
conjecture and assertion don't you think. My fogger appears to work well,
but I dont use that particular car very much. I wonder whether the improv
robert luis rabello wrote
"I found the site. Please check out the following link:
http://www.wvt.de/englisch/index.htm
They claim the start up speed with NO LOAD is .3 meters / second. I
looked at the power curve on the site and it didn't seem like they were
making any outrageous c
Kevin,
There is not likely to be any water in 350 F oil. If you can insulate your
barrels, then you would not need to re-heat before starting with the acid
(or other) transesterification. No need to filter at this stage, you can do
it later, either between transesterification stages or at the en
Here is my patent spec. for noise reduction of wind turbines. I hope this
will allow more of them to be used, as it mitigates one of their public
acceptability problems.
http://l2.espacenet.com/dips/viewer?PN=GB2353825&CY=gb&LG=en&DB=EPD
David Teal
Biofuel at Journey to F
added to the next main
batch.
David Teal
Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
be weighed. One
obvious approach would be to pass the exhaust gasses from an engine through
a condenser, but that is already done (it's called a silencer or muffler),
so we are stuck again :-(
David Teal
Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
To unsubscribe, s
DIESEL FUEL FRAUD UNCOVERED
Millions of litres of low-quality fuel has been sold as
diesel in a sophisticated fraud, reports say. Up to 50m
litres of lubrication oil has been "laundered" in an
industrial-scale operation in the north of England and sold
Obviously, some refinements will be
needed, but I reckon the basic principle is OK for home laboratory use. Try
it before and after washing y'all. Any other ideas?
David Teal
Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[
Aleks,
I visited Ljubljana University in the days of Marshal Tito, and still have
the second hand book I bought there. That is the image I recall when
reading your valued posts :-)
David Teal
Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
To unsubscribe, send an email
Blackboard chalk? Plaster of Paris? Concrete? nothing too exotic please
> > I think that diat. earth as a carrier is good enough.
>
>Yeah, little animal skeletons, hollow inside. Made of calcium, aren't
>they?
Diatom skeletons are mostly silicon. However, coral is calcium-based.
--
...Warre
offset of 0.15, so the range becomes 1.000 to 0.820 sg QED.
David Teal
Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-~>
Make good on the promise you made at graduation to keep
in touch. Classmates.com has over 14 million registered
high school alumni--chances are you
of
biogas programmes are described from experience, and advice given in the
problems of management.
ISBN 0 94668 849 4
These and others on the same subject can be ordered through:
http://www.itpubs.org.uk
David Teal
Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-~>
Make
350 kWh/month = 0.5 kW average
A 2 kW wind turbine battery charger with 25% utilisation factor would be an
obvious choice.
It can be duplicated when demand rises (as it undoubtedly will). Then
agricultural residues can be returned to the soil instead of messing around
at such small scale.
David
There has been talk about disintegration of the blue aquarium stones used
for bubble washing. This is unfortunately true, but there is a quick and
cheap remedy. Discard the stone and its soluble plastic connector. Empty
the contents of a tea bag through a small hole. Push the air tube into the
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