> 3) Are these files always needed when offering a web service via SOAP?
No, these files are NOT always needed. WSDL files are like IDL files, so they describe, what you want to offer. In case your user knows what you offer, and how he can invoke your service, this file is NOT needed. If you are using MS-SOAP toolkit, then it is always convinient to use WSDL files. In case you are not interested in generating WSDL files, you can use Low Level API's that MS-SOAP toolkit provides to invoke the service. With Warm Regards, Paramdeep _________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com