Asmus Freytag wrote,
> > NCRs *are* markup. Whether they are called "mark-up" or "macros", they are certainly part of HTML and I was not disagreeing with you that they should be checked by the validator. > And validating that the encoding matches > the declaration (e.g. UTF-8 is not ill-formed) has nothing > whatsoever to do with content, but all with verifying that > the file conforms to the HTML specification. > > All this is completely different from spelling and grammar > checking. > My point here is that the human being who created the text needs to look at the text personally to assure that it is free of errors and displays as expected. During that essential proofreading, any encoding errors should be obvious. HTML consists of plain text and mark-up tags. The tags enable fancy typography like bold or italics to be included in a file generated from a plain text editor (like the DOS editor or SCUnipad) and then displayed in an HTML browser. UTF-8 is now considered to be plain text, and plain text isn't mark-up. However, if an HTML validator finds malformed UTF-8 material, it's good to be advised and I never said it wasn't. Best regards, James Kass.