Jonathan Berry <jonathanberry3...@gmail.com> wrote:

Wrist watches of course don't need such frequent replacement, but more-over
> there are both kinetic and solar solutions.
>

That's true. There are probably some small devices similar to wrist watches
that are not moved or left in sunlight that could use a long-lived battery.
I cannot think of any examples offhand. Some kind of sensor, perhaps?

For cardiac pacemakers, several methods have been proposed such as:

Thermoelectric from small temperature differences within the body, or
piezoelectric devices

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3146093/

Itty-bitty turbines driven by blood flow!

https://www.engadget.com/2011-05-17-blood-turbine-to-power-your-pacemaker-become-legendary-band-nam.html

Extraction of chemical energy from blood glucose!!
Russian nuclear scientists are developing a new method of generating
electricity from human blood to allow pacemakers to work without
replacement.

https://www.rbth.com/science-and-tech/327650-russian-scientists-electricity-from-blood

Creepy, eh? Just what you expect from nuclear scientists.

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