One obvious conclusion from the hypothesis that the torque of the ball bearing motor is primarily due to hysteresis in the balls and races, and thus is proportional to i^2, is that the most efficient motor will, all other things being equal, have a shaft with the least possible resistance. This implies the following conclusions regarding the shaft:

1. copper is better than iron or steel
2. silver is even better
3. shorter is better
4. solid bar is better than pipe
5. good electrical contact between the shaft and the inner race is important

Best regards,

Horace Heffner
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/

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