There is no Chicken and egg problem with my theory for the following
reasons:
1. The electron is periodically close to the nucleus. When the
electron is close to the nucleus, at the range indicated, the
magnetic fields are super intense, and spin coupling occurs.
2. An external magnetic field, while it can not add to an electron's
momentum, it can greatly increase the probability of spin alignment
of deflated state hydrogen and a magnetic nucleus, thus increasing
the probability of tunneling of the deflated hydrogen into the nucleus.
3. In the media suggested, the nanoparticles are smaller than typical
magnetic domains in iron.
4. The presence of very fine magnetic gradients, as from nano-
particles separated by dielectrics, further increases the magnetic
potential and adds to the energy gained by the tunneling
To understand why magnetic binding occurs just get a couple small
strong magnets a throw them up into the air together and at each
other. If they get close enough they will always attract and smash
together.
When two charged particles with spin approach, they act like a couple
magnets spinning about their magnetic axis. If not already aligned,
their poles will experience a force which brings unlike poles in
orientation with each other. In the process of changing their spin
axes the particles can (in a non QM interpretation) precess, due to
torque on the spin axis. When this happens the particles can
radiate, and flip their spins into alignment. In a magnetic field
the spins of (quantum) particles tend to be aligned either with the
magnetic field, or opposed to it. If opposed, a particle will tend
to eventually flip into a matching spin.
Two particles can experience an attracting force if their poles are
aligned
N-S N-S
However, if they are in orbitals, they align with opposed spin, like so:
N S
| |
S N
which is still an attracting mode. If they aligned in the opposing
directions they would repel. This is partially the basis of the
Pauli Exclusion principle. The spin axes of electrons tend to align
with an orbital axis, not perpendicular to it. A pair of electrons
sharing other quantum states in an atom will have one spin up and the
other down, i.e opposed spins. They will have a magnetic attraction
force, a negative potential, but one which at atomic size distances
is nominal. At nuclear distances magnetic forces become very large.
This tendency of particle spins to align in a magnetically attracting
way, creating a potential energy, is called spin coupling.
On Dec 30, 2011, at 3:11 PM, Mark Iverson-ZeroPoint wrote:
Robin:
Thanks for the comments, and I see your chicken-n-egg argument...
As I prefaced my comment about Horace's calcs, "I'm not sure if
this is
relevant either..."
Please note that in many cases I am just doing a brain-dump in the
hopes of
triggering some creative thinking. :-)
OTOH, I'm not so sure I agree that, as you say, "... in an ordinary
magnet
many (most?) of the atomic [magnetic] fields are aligned..."
Magnetic materials are composed of 'magnetic domains'; regions
where the
magnetic moments are more or less aligned in the same direction.
However,
adjacent domains are randomly oriented, diminishing the effect for
the bulk
material and, thus, the *external* magnetic field is *much less*
than what
one would find in an individual domain.
I am curious... if one were to look at the individual atoms (10^6
to 10^9)
in one of these 'magnetic domains', what percentage of the magnetic
moments
are parallel???
-Mark
-----Original Message-----
From: mix...@bigpond.com [mailto:mix...@bigpond.com]
Sent: Friday, December 30, 2011 1:13 PM
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Subject: Re: [Vo]:Use magnetic fld to enhance effective mass of e-
In reply to Mark Iverson-ZeroPoint's message of Fri, 30 Dec 2011
11:08:00
-0800:
Hi Mark,
[snip]
Horace's calculation has nothing to do with alignment of magnetic
fields in
clusters, which can't produce such huge fields anyway. (Consider
that in an
ordinary magnet many (most?) of the atomic fields are aligned, and
the total
field is pitiful by comparison to what would be needed.)
Robin:
If one looks at it macroscopically, then your criticism is
understandable, however, one must keep in mind the environment of
the H
or D loaded lattice at the dimensions of a few atoms. When you
get ALL
magnetic domains aligned in a small region (a few 10s, 100s of
atoms),
magnetic fields can become quite large...
I'm not sure if this is relevant either, but here is what Horace
calculated in his model:
"If you look at the spreadsheet I provided in 2007, you will see the
magnetic field of the electron on the deuteron in the D+e deflated
state is given as 4.0210e+14 Tesla."
That's about 6 orders of magnitude greater than your 225e6.
I haven't checked Horace's calculation, but let's take it at face
value.
1) That doesn't necessarily mean that such an orbital is possible.
2) It is a far cry from the intent of the original author that you
quoted,
who proposed applying an external magnetic field.
This is becoming a form of circular reasoning:
If we had a strong field we could force the electron into a tight
orbital
that would then produce a strong magnetic field.....
Perhaps the Lenz effect means that what one is actually calculating
may be
the degree to which the electron fights the field, i.e. the field
strength
one would need to enforce to ensure that the electron remained in the
orbital?
[snip]
Regards,
Robin van Spaandonk
http://rvanspaa.freehostia.com/project.html
Best regards,
Horace Heffner
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/
