The outcome of the measurement process for one case is assumed to be independent from the outcomes of any other case in the pop and the sample.
Donald Burrill wrote:
Prad's example might help explain some of the confusion: coin flips are easy examples to mention in class, and have the disconcerting characteristic that they are BOTH independent (as regards successive flips of the coin -- supposing one is not using a mechanical flipping device that makes the process non-random!) AND mutually exclusive (as regards any particular flip, which if heads cannot be tails).
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