I think the satellites have caesium clocks now but that is 
only from memory. The reason they need to be adjusted fairly 
frequently is due to the satellites propensity to fall back 
to earth - i.e. their orbits decay over time making the 
satellites closer to earth and hence the signal travel time 
less. They 'correct' the clock on the satellite for so many 
weeks / months and then boost the satellite back up into its 
original orbit and start again. They do it this way because 
of the high cost of boosting the satellite back up and the 
limited fuel on board.

Ian
______________________
Ian W. Wright
Sheffield  UK

On 24/11/2010 02:27, Jon Elson wrote:
> Przemek Klosowski wrote:
>> On Tue, Nov 23, 2010 at 1:14 PM, Jon Elson<el...@pico-systems.com>  wrote:
>>
>>
>>> The GPS system has atomic clocks accurate to some insane level like one
>>> second in 10,000 years.  They have to periodically adjust the clocks for 
>>> relativistic
>>> effects.
>>>
>> NIST runs the master clocks for the system from Boulder, and keeps
>> improving them. The most recent generation uses single Aluminum ion,
>> and is accurate to 1s in over 3 billion years.
> Right, and the clocks on board the GPS satellites are periodically reset
> from the NIST master
> clocks.  The time standards carried on board the satellites are not this
> accurate, but are still
> Rubidium atomic clocks, and WAYYY more accurate than anything us mere
> mortals can
> afford.  At least, that is the way the system used to be set up, there
> might have been updates
> since.
>
> Jon
>
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