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Visit http://www.garcabranca.com for details/booking/confirmation. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hi Bhandare Catholic Goans migrated out of Goa, to my personal knowledge from family records, from at least 1850. Most went out for economic reasons including those who moved to pre-partition India and Pakistan. However, sometime, I would like to study gross emigration rates pre 1961 and post 1961 out of sheer curiosity. We need to note too that, around the end of the colonial period for many in the 1960s the world did change and new parts became accessible for permanent settlement like Canada, USA, Australia, NZ and even pretty congested UK. Likewise, the Gulf opened up in a big way from about 1960 for labour. The theory on emigration has been consistent on one point: It is not how bad a place is deemed to be that motivates people to emigrate. Rather, it is the expectation about how much better off they will be by migrating. This holds true for all those moving into Goa now from other parts of India. I am inclined to think that the 1961 date can be a chimera to suggest that the takeover by India was a crucial factor leading to some surge in emigration from Goa. Worldwide, there are currently some 200 million on the move from every corner of the world to the richer countries and the pattern of emigration from Goa can't be different from this phenomena in any particular way. Indeed, despite everything the rich countries do to bar new entrants, except those that serve their economic needs, the surge will increase by many millions more as this is truly a global issue. I have to reject the suggestion of the Indians serving the white man etc. The world is becoming multicultural by the day and the Poles who seek all kinds of work (like building/construction) from the Indians settled here over a long time are simply whites serving brown or black people because they have to work to eat. In Kenya, while I was there, it was very racialised. No white would ever work for an Indian. Yet today, my window cleaner and gardener happen to be white and very happy to work for me. Indeed, I keep getting pestered by white locals keen to wash my cars on a regular basis or to take the dog (which I don't currently have) for a daily walk twice a day! And who do you think delivers the daily papers to my home? And who is happy to drive me to the airport? My friend, the idea of Indians working for the whites is old hat. Many many Indian businesses have armies of white people working for them. However, to focus on this white, brown, black nonsense is unhelpful. We are all human beings adjusting to new situations all the time. I still would like to know however, why so few Hindu Goans left Goa compared to the huge number of Christians well before 1961. Have you got any thoughts on this point? Sorry I rushed this response. Please excuse typos. Maybe I will respond to some other points you make but on the issue of some being terrorised in terms of religion I have reservations to this view especially as the awful Inquisition ended in 1774. Surely, a reversal to Hinduism was readily available and the more intriguing question is surely, why did this not happen? I provided a tentative post to Frederick on this point well before I noted this post from you. I tend to read the last post first.This whole area is really fascinating and it is amazing how Mervyn's article on Canadian Goans opened up so many other interesting questions. Regards Cornel PS Western culture embedded in Catholic Goans since 1551 could be the major factor prompting so many to leave Goa even in the 1750s. Curiosity about the outside world, adventure, the control of Goa by Britain during the Napolonic wars, a quest for education. jobs on ships that travelled worldwide etc would have provided much impetus I think. Bhandare wrote: Dear Cornel: The reason why many catholics migrated abroad when Goa was liberated was because they believed that with their colonal godfathers getting whacked the playing field would be now level...the perks and priveleges of being the same religion as the colonial masters(most of the perks and priveleges were imagined) would dissapear...