Bob Lundberg likened the top (he called it belly) of the lute had more in common with a banjo than with the soundboard of a guitar, for instance. Sustain does not and probably never did factor into the plucked string sound of the lute. The sound is immediate and rich in overtones, but ephemeral and does not travel well. The carved top of a violin or other bowed instrument is structural and, as has already been stated, is ideal for scraping the string with an intermediary object. But the top of the lute, acting as a membrane, maximizes its colorful but intimate sound through the transverse barring. In short, the sound of the lute would no longer be the sound of the lute if the top was subjected to the harsh indignities of the horsehair bow or otherwise pressed into service to act as a soundboard.
RA __________________________________________________________________ From: lute-...@cs.dartmouth.edu <lute-...@cs.dartmouth.edu> on behalf of ron.ba...@rwbanks.com <ron.ba...@rwbanks.com> Sent: Sunday, June 30, 2019 4:23 PM To: 'ido66667'; 'lutelist Net' Subject: [LUTE] Re: Plucking Room Apologies to all, I mis-stated sharp attack/fast decay in citterns there, as a good cittern can have a sustain as long as a harpsichord. Ron Banks -----Original Message----- From: lute-...@cs.dartmouth.edu <lute-...@cs.dartmouth.edu> On Behalf Of ron.ba...@rwbanks.com Sent: Sunday, June 30, 2019 11:05 AM To: 'ido66667' <ishdai...@gmail.com>; 'lutelist Net' <lute@cs.dartmouth.edu> Subject: [LUTE] Re: Plucking Room Just a few thoughts that have been rattling around in my head this morning.... On instruments with tailpieces/combs/hitchpins and a floating bridge, you have to deal with some design trade-offs, such as: breakover angle; string after-length; neck angle; and downward pressure on the soundboard system...as well as the usual bridge movements due to plucking/bowing. The downward pressure problem in those instruments is often countered through strengthening the soundboard by: cambering (citterns); arching (violins/gambas); cranking (as in Neapolitan mandolins); or by using a tensioned flexible membrane instead of a soundboard (banjos). Glued bridges and floating bridges also don't work exactly the same...without altering the shape of the instrument to accommodate the downward push of the strings and the additional up/down motion of the bridge (when using afterlength/tailpieces/combs, etc.), a floating bridge doesn't work very well. While I'm obviously not a physicist, I've been around luthiery, traditional woodworking, and bowyery for a few years now. I suspect the lute's lack of string afterlength/tailpieces has partly to do with the efficiency of all the coupled systems in the lute. Floating bridges, tailpieces, extra string length, etc., add mass to a system that might not tolerate the additional mass very well. If you look at many instruments with tailpieces/ string afterlength, they often either require constant input from a bow or wheel to keep the string vibrating (gambas, violins, etc.), or are plectrum instruments that were adapted to have a sharp attack and fast decay (citterns, banjos, etc.). Also, string afterlength and tailpieces have additional resonant frequencies that can either kill sustain or deaden notes on the instrument through sympathetic vibration. Altering the shape of the soundboard by slightly scooping along its length may also slightly change how the string energy is transmitted through the soundboard (or at least how the soundboard reacts to that energy). When a soundboard is flat, some of the energy from the strings has to fight against wood in compression. Adding the scoop may change how much of the vibrating energy is fighting against compression, by forcing some of the wood to be in tension...changing how torque from the string/bridge and soundboard affect each other. Another consideration might be just how the soundboard responds to the bridge/string in a scooped top. Does the scooped top rebound from longitudinal torque/flexing faster, slower (or the same) as the flat one? Ron Banks Fort Worth, Texas -----Original Message----- From: lute-...@cs.dartmouth.edu <lute-...@cs.dartmouth.edu> On Behalf Of ido66667 Sent: Sunday, June 30, 2019 10:09 AM To: lutelist Net <lute@cs.dartmouth.edu> Subject: [LUTE] Re: Plucking Room I don't think the main reason is the lack of frets. Fretless acoustic guitars, nylon strings or not, are both fretless and plucked and their sound is decent, both with regards to tone and sustain. On Sun, 30 Jun 2019, 16:59 Miles Dempster, <[1]miles.demps...@gmail.com> wrote: Violins, violas etc. don't have frets. When plucked (rather than bowed) the string vibration is dampened by the soft fingertip at the stopped end. I don't think that the sustain depends significantly on how the bridge connects to the soundboard. Miles > On Jun 30, 2019, at 9:01 AM, Edward Mast <[2]nedma...@new-old-mail.cs.dartmouth.edu> wrote: > > A good question, Dr. Mardinly. What one notices, though, is that when violins, violas, cellos and string basses have their strings plucked rather than bowed, the sustain of the note is short (string basses doing by far the best, and violins doing the worst with pizzicato - plucked notes). It thus seems to me that the method of having the strings stretched over a non-fixed bridge as they are for the bowed instruments, works very well for transmitting the vibrations of the strings to the instrument when they are bowed, and not so well at all when they're plucked. The fixed bridges with strings attached as on guitars, lutes, etc. seems to be the best way of transmitting the vibrations to the instrument when the strings are plucked, rather than bowed. > A luthier's explanation of this would be welcome. > Ned > >> On Jun 29, 2019, at 3:50 PM, John Mardinly <[3]john.mardi...@asu.edu> wrote: >> >> Spot on explanation of what physics does to sound boards. The big question that I have never had answered is why do plucked string instruments have the string tension carried by the soundboard itself, instead of having the string tension carried by the body of the instrument via a tailpiece the way violins, violas, cellos and string basses do? >> >> A. John Mardinly, Ph.D., P.E. >> >> >> >> >> > > > > > To get on or off this list see list information at > [4]http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~wbc/lute-admin/index.html -- References 1. [1]mailto:miles.demps...@gmail.com 2. [2]mailto:nedma...@new-old-mail.cs.dartmouth.edu 3. [3]mailto:john.mardi...@asu.edu 4. [4]http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~wbc/lute-admin/index.html -- References 1. mailto:miles.demps...@gmail.com 2. mailto:nedma...@new-old-mail.cs.dartmouth.edu 3. mailto:john.mardi...@asu.edu 4. http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~wbc/lute-admin/index.html