An immidiate solution, albeit not really a sustainable one, is to add the missing provides to our libxdamage package; however, doing this opens the door to have package x providing n different version of libx or binaryx so it could only really be used if we knew that there was a chance that upstream, in this case teamviewer, are likely to fix there requires to suit that Mageia ones so that we don't end up with package x having hundreds of provides to support different requires from closed source stuff....
On a slightly off topic note: have the extra provides could help to improve interoperability with say Fedora - ergo Red Hat, and seeing as most commercial closed source binaries for GNU/Linux will be built with Red Hat in mind, having provides that match Fedora's is probably a good way to eliminate this problem. But, as said earlier, this isn't really something that we can do sustainable so......