Re: Why LVM
> If I have a hot-pluggable device (SD card, USB drive, hot-plug SATA/SAS > drive and rack, etc.), can I put LVM on it such that when the device is > connected to a Debian system with a graphical desktop (I use Xfce) an icon > is displayed on the desktop that I can interact with to display the file > systems in my file manager (Thunar)? In the past: definitely not. Currently: no idea. I suspect not, because I think the behavior on disconnection is still poor (you want to be extra careful to deactivate all the volumes on the drive *before* removing it, otherwise they tend to linger "for ever"). I guess that's one area where partitions are still significantly better than LVM. Stefan "who doesn't use much hot-plugging of mass storage"
Re: Why LVM
On 4/8/24 14:08, Stefan Monnier wrote: David Christensen [2024-04-08 11:28:04] wrote: Why LVM? Personally, I've been using LVM everywhere I can (i.e. everywhere except on my OpenWRT router, tho I've also used LVM there back when my router had an HDD. I also use LVM on my 2GB USB rescue image). To me the question is rather the reverse: why not? I basically see it as a more flexible form of partitioning. Even in the worst cases where I have a single LV volume, I appreciate the fact that it forces me to name things, isolating me from issue linked to predicting the name of the device and the issues that plague UUIDs (the fact they're hard to remember, and that they're a bit too magical/hidden for my taste, so they sometimes change when I don't want them to and vice versa). Stefan If I have a hot-pluggable device (SD card, USB drive, hot-plug SATA/SAS drive and rack, etc.), can I put LVM on it such that when the device is connected to a Debian system with a graphical desktop (I use Xfce) an icon is displayed on the desktop that I can interact with to display the file systems in my file manager (Thunar)? David
Re: HDD long-term data storage with ensured integrity
On 4/8/24 13:04, Marc SCHAEFER wrote: Hello, On Mon, Apr 08, 2024 at 11:28:04AM -0700, David Christensen wrote: So, an ext4 file system on an LVM logical volume? Why LVM? Are you implementing redundancy (RAID)? Is your data larger than a single disk (concatenation/ JBOD)? Something else? For off-site long-term offline archiving, no, I am not using RAID. No, it's not LVM+md, just plain LVM for flexibility. Typically I use 16 TB hard drives, and I tend to use one LV per data source, the LV name being the data source and the date of the copy. Or sometimes I just copy a raw volume (ext4 or something else) to a LV. With smaller drives (4 TB) I tend to not use LVM, just plain ext4 on the raw disk. I almost never use partitionning. However, I tend to use luks encryption (per ext4 filesystem) when the drives are stored off-site. So it's either LVM -> LV -> LUKS -> ext4 or raw disk -> LUKS -> ext4. You can find some of the scripts I use to automate this off-site long-term archiving here: https://git.alphanet.ch/gitweb/?p=various;a=tree;f=offsite-archival/LVM-LUKS Thank you for the clarification. :-) David
Re: Why LVM (was: HDD long-term data storage with ensured integrity)
Am 08.04.2024 um 23:08 schrieb Stefan Monnier: > David Christensen [2024-04-08 11:28:04] wrote: >> Why LVM? > > Personally, I've been using LVM everywhere I can (i.e. everywhere > except on my OpenWRT router, tho I've also used LVM there back when my > router had an HDD. I also use LVM on my 2GB USB rescue image). > > To me the question is rather the reverse: why not? > I basically see it as a more flexible form of partitioning. As an LVM-newbie (never used it before, i am more familar with ZFS), i did already collect quite a bit of misconceptions of mine/design problems with lvm. Therefore i would rather renew the question: Why? Just one example: In order to be able to use thin snapshots on my root partition, i did every thing i could, to have it inside a thinpool... until i noticed some weird problems booting from it (attributed to grub), so i setup a /boot outside, but the problems stayed (due to lvm's limitations). I came to use it to gain some flexibility (although it is an experiment) and found myself setting up zfs for its data integrity + flexibility, just to have a quality backup of the lvm-volume(s) on a zfs pool. > > Even in the worst cases where I have a single LV volume, I appreciate > the fact that it forces me to name things, isolating me from issue > linked to predicting the name of the device and the issues that plague > UUIDs (the fact they're hard to remember, and that they're a bit too > magical/hidden for my taste, so they sometimes change when I don't want > them to and vice versa). Even GPT brings you the chance to name hings (like part_label), only it does not force you. But i have been using that for 10+ years as a routine. DdB
Re: Debian 12, Pyzor, Razor, DCC?
Hello :) Le 08/04/2024 à 14:40, Michael Grant a écrit : I have built dcc myself from their most recent source. I guess I could send that to whoever wants it, or the debian dir. cool :) that would be kind and usefull to see :) thanks Michael Grant -- Original Message -- From "Marco Moock" To debian-user@lists.debian.org Date 08/04/2024 13:25:26 Subject Re: Debian 12, Pyzor, Razor, DCC? Am 08.04.2024 um 07:52:34 Uhr schrieb David Mehler: This is to any users running Debian 12 as a mail server. I am wondering if you have some, most, all, or none of these packages installed, Pyzor, Razor, DCC? If so how did you get them going and how did you get them to start? No, I haven't. apt can't find ddc, what is the correct packet name? I only have installed Cyrus, sendmail and opendkim. If you have problems setting up other services, specify which server packages you use and how they should interact. -- kind regards Marco Send unsolicited bulk mail to 171254mu...@cartoonies.org
Why LVM (was: HDD long-term data storage with ensured integrity)
David Christensen [2024-04-08 11:28:04] wrote: > Why LVM? Personally, I've been using LVM everywhere I can (i.e. everywhere except on my OpenWRT router, tho I've also used LVM there back when my router had an HDD. I also use LVM on my 2GB USB rescue image). To me the question is rather the reverse: why not? I basically see it as a more flexible form of partitioning. Even in the worst cases where I have a single LV volume, I appreciate the fact that it forces me to name things, isolating me from issue linked to predicting the name of the device and the issues that plague UUIDs (the fact they're hard to remember, and that they're a bit too magical/hidden for my taste, so they sometimes change when I don't want them to and vice versa). Stefan
Re: HDD long-term data storage with ensured integrity
Hello, On Mon, Apr 08, 2024 at 11:28:04AM -0700, David Christensen wrote: > So, an ext4 file system on an LVM logical volume? > > Why LVM? Are you implementing redundancy (RAID)? Is your data larger than > a single disk (concatenation/ JBOD)? Something else? For off-site long-term offline archiving, no, I am not using RAID. No, it's not LVM+md, just plain LVM for flexibility. Typically I use 16 TB hard drives, and I tend to use one LV per data source, the LV name being the data source and the date of the copy. Or sometimes I just copy a raw volume (ext4 or something else) to a LV. With smaller drives (4 TB) I tend to not use LVM, just plain ext4 on the raw disk. I almost never use partitionning. However, I tend to use luks encryption (per ext4 filesystem) when the drives are stored off-site. So it's either LVM -> LV -> LUKS -> ext4 or raw disk -> LUKS -> ext4. You can find some of the scripts I use to automate this off-site long-term archiving here: https://git.alphanet.ch/gitweb/?p=various;a=tree;f=offsite-archival/LVM-LUKS
Re: HDD long-term data storage with ensured integrity
On 4/8/24 02:38, Marc SCHAEFER wrote: For offline storage: On Tue, Apr 02, 2024 at 05:53:15AM -0700, David Christensen wrote: Does anyone have any comments or suggestions regarding how to use magnetic hard disk drives, commodity x86 computers, and Debian for long-term data storage with ensured integrity? I use LVM on ext4, and I add a MD5SUMS file at the root. I then power up the drives at least once a year and check the MD5SUMS. A simple CRC could also work, obviously. So far, I have not detected MORE corruption with this method than the drive ECC itself (current drives & buses are much better than they used to be). When I have errors detected, I replace the file with another copy (I usually have multiple off-site copies, and sometimes even on-site online copies, but not always). When the errors add up, it is time to buy another drive, usually after 5+ years or even sometimes 10+ years. So, just re-reading the content might be enough, once a year or so. This is for HDD (for SDD I have no offline storage experience, it could be shorter). Thank you for the reply. So, an ext4 file system on an LVM logical volume? Why LVM? Are you implementing redundancy (RAID)? Is your data larger than a single disk (concatenation/ JBOD)? Something else? David
Re: Debian 12, Pyzor, Razor, DCC?
On Mon, Apr 08, 2024 at 07:52:34AM -0400, David Mehler wrote: > Hello, > > This is to any users running Debian 12 as a mail server. I am wondering if > you have some, most, all, or none of these packages installed, Pyzor, Razor, > DCC? If so how did you get them going and how did you get them to start? > > Thanks. > Dave. > Hello, here are my 2 cents. I found pyzor and razor too much hassle. Here is what is installed on the email servers I administer. Your own dns resolver! I mainly use postfix (one installation of exim). Any gateway accepting smtp uses 2 dnsbl - zen.spamhaus.org - ix.dnsbl.manitu.net forget about spamcop they are done. I do run my own handcrafted BL (hosts and clients). Hello! outlook!, you are just two mails away from being added on that list! Get your s#!t together! I do run SA but the main filtering is done by those blocklists. And running these few hits through another clearing house doesn't justify the potential payoff. -H -- Henning Follmann | hfollm...@itcfollmann.com
Re[2]: Debian 12, Pyzor, Razor, DCC?
I have built dcc myself from their most recent source. I guess I could send that to whoever wants it, or the debian dir. Michael Grant -- Original Message -- From "Marco Moock" To debian-user@lists.debian.org Date 08/04/2024 13:25:26 Subject Re: Debian 12, Pyzor, Razor, DCC? Am 08.04.2024 um 07:52:34 Uhr schrieb David Mehler: This is to any users running Debian 12 as a mail server. I am wondering if you have some, most, all, or none of these packages installed, Pyzor, Razor, DCC? If so how did you get them going and how did you get them to start? No, I haven't. apt can't find ddc, what is the correct packet name? I only have installed Cyrus, sendmail and opendkim. If you have problems setting up other services, specify which server packages you use and how they should interact. -- kind regards Marco Send unsolicited bulk mail to 171254mu...@cartoonies.org
Re: Debian 12, Pyzor, Razor, DCC?
Am 08.04.2024 um 07:52:34 Uhr schrieb David Mehler: > This is to any users running Debian 12 as a mail server. I am > wondering if you have some, most, all, or none of these packages > installed, Pyzor, Razor, DCC? If so how did you get them going and > how did you get them to start? No, I haven't. apt can't find ddc, what is the correct packet name? I only have installed Cyrus, sendmail and opendkim. If you have problems setting up other services, specify which server packages you use and how they should interact. -- kind regards Marco Send unsolicited bulk mail to 171254mu...@cartoonies.org
Debian 12, Pyzor, Razor, DCC?
Hello, This is to any users running Debian 12 as a mail server. I am wondering if you have some, most, all, or none of these packages installed, Pyzor, Razor, DCC? If so how did you get them going and how did you get them to start? Thanks. Dave. -- Sent from Mozilla Thunderbird 91.13.1
Re: Bluetooth sound problems playing from a web browser
Thanks, I tried it but it turns out to be a wifi/usb problem I think. Jan Krapivin writes: > Have you tried a LIVE-version of another Linux distribution? It will > be interesting to compare. > > вс, 7 апр. 2024 г. в 22:30, Richmond : > > Richmond writes: > > > Richmond writes: > > > >> When playing videos in a web browser, and sending the sound to > a > >> bluetooth speaker (amazon echo) I get playback problems; > stuttering, > >> sound quality reduction to AM radio level or lower). These > things can > >> clear up after a minute or two, or be reduced. > >> > >> When playing from nvlc however I get no such problems. (I > haven't > >> tried vlc so I am not sure if it is just that it is a command > line). > >> > >> I have tried google-chrome and firefox-esr. > >> > >> Perhaps there is some other browser which will work? Maybe I > need to > >> isolate the process from the browser? I tried pop-out picture > on you > >> tube and it improved but there was still stuttering. > > > > I installed Falkon and Konqueror. I tried Falkon and it worked > fine, no > > sound problems. But then I tried Google-chrome again and that > was > > working fine too, and so was Firefox-esr. The problems have > gone away > > and even rebooting doesn't bring them back. Maybe one of those > browsers > > brought a better library with it. > > These problems have come back again. I have tried rebooting. I > tried > sending the same audio from an android phone and it works fine. > How do I > find out what the problems is? I cannot see errors in journalctl >
Re: Bluetooth sound problems playing from a web browser
Lee writes: > On Sun, Apr 7, 2024 at 3:30 PM Richmond wrote: >> >> Richmond writes: >> >> > Richmond writes: >> > >> >> When playing videos in a web browser, and sending the sound to a >> >> bluetooth speaker (amazon echo) I get playback problems; >> >> stuttering, sound quality reduction to AM radio level or >> >> lower). These things can clear up after a minute or two, or be >> >> reduced. >> >> >> >> When playing from nvlc however I get no such problems. (I haven't >> >> tried vlc so I am not sure if it is just that it is a command >> >> line). >> >> >> >> I have tried google-chrome and firefox-esr. >> >> >> >> Perhaps there is some other browser which will work? Maybe I need >> >> to isolate the process from the browser? I tried pop-out picture >> >> on you tube and it improved but there was still stuttering. >> > >> > I installed Falkon and Konqueror. I tried Falkon and it worked >> > fine, no sound problems. But then I tried Google-chrome again and >> > that was working fine too, and so was Firefox-esr. The problems >> > have gone away and even rebooting doesn't bring them back. Maybe >> > one of those browsers brought a better library with it. >> >> These problems have come back again. > > So unless you've updated or installed new hardware or software it's > probably not a firmware/software issue. > >> I have tried rebooting. I tried sending the same audio from an >> android phone and it works fine. How do I find out what the problems >> is? I cannot see errors in journalctl > > It's possible that wifi or usb 3.0 could be interfering with your > bluetooth speakers - eg > https://www.zdnet.com/article/usb-3-and-usb-c-devices-can-cause-problems-with-wi-fi-and-bluetooth-connections-but-theres-a-solution/ Thanks, I think this is the answer! I was having no problems today but noticed that the PC was connected to 5Ghz. Sometimes it connects at 2.4Ghz. When I disabled 5Ghz and forced the PC to use 2.4Ghz the problem came back. So now all I need to do is seperate those services and/or tie the PC to 5Ghz. The PC is a laptop but I never move it from the desktop. I am using a USB mouse and USB keyboard adapter to an old IBM keyboard. > https://sortatechy.com/spot-and-fix-bluetooth-interference-with-wifi/ > > If your PC is using wireless and can use a 5Ghz channel, try moving > your PC wireless to a 5Ghz channel first. If you PC only supports > 2.4Gh wireless you can install linssid > https://packages.debian.org/bookworm/linssid and pick a relatively > unused channel for your PC wireless. Or just try channels 1, 6 and 11 > and see if any of those makes a difference.. > > If you're using a USB 3.0 device on your PC try turning it off or > moving it to a USB 2.0 port and see if that fixes the bluetooth > interference. > > Regards, Lee
Re: HDD long-term data storage with ensured integrity
For offline storage: On Tue, Apr 02, 2024 at 05:53:15AM -0700, David Christensen wrote: > Does anyone have any comments or suggestions regarding how to use magnetic > hard disk drives, commodity x86 computers, and Debian for long-term data > storage with ensured integrity? I use LVM on ext4, and I add a MD5SUMS file at the root. I then power up the drives at least once a year and check the MD5SUMS. A simple CRC could also work, obviously. So far, I have not detected MORE corruption with this method than the drive ECC itself (current drives & buses are much better than they used to be). When I have errors detected, I replace the file with another copy (I usually have multiple off-site copies, and sometimes even on-site online copies, but not always). When the errors add up, it is time to buy another drive, usually after 5+ years or even sometimes 10+ years. So, just re-reading the content might be enough, once a year or so. This is for HDD (for SDD I have no offline storage experience, it could be shorter).
