Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-27 Thread Paul Gilmartin
On Thu, 25 Dec 2014 22:29:07 +, Blaicher, Christopher Y. wrote:

BSAM gets the length of the block to write from the DCB BLKSIZE at the time of 
the WRITE.  As long as the DCB BLKSIZE is equal to or less than the max 
BLKSIZE all is OK.  BSAM will build the CCHHRKDD from the various values it 
keeps and the DD comes from the BLKSIZE.  I guess you could always leave the 
BLKSIZE in the DCB, but you are supposed to set the BLKSIZE to the BDW size.

I have not done much with BSAM in years, mostly EXCP and STARTIO, so 
myknowledge of what BSAM checks and validates is vague at best.  IIRC, for 
RECFM=V(B)(S) I never modified DCBBLKSI.
 
I, likewise, and my Assembler skill has atrophied in the decades.

For RECFM=FB, a short block is fine as long as it is a multiple of LRECL.  As 
for finding end of file, it is recognized by the EOF marker or end of the last 
extent, if blocks so fill a track that the system can't fit an EOF marker on 
it.
 
I remember that to write a short FB block I modified DCBBLKSI, and if I
neglected to restore the earlier value before CLOSE Bad Things happened.
IIRC, for RECFM=V(B)(S) I never modified DCBBLKSI.

Now for Mr. Altmark's comment.  Yes, using BSAM, MVS can write all RECFM=VB 
blocks BLKSIZE in length, but I would not guarantee that everybody will accept 
them as valid.  Also, you would be wasting a lot of space on tracks if you do 
that.

Bottom line - Write well-formed blocks and follow the rules as outlined in the 
various DFSMS manuals.
 
I'd welcome a specific citation.


On 2014-12-22, at 10:13, Alan Altmark wrote:
 ...
 MVS has no problem with short records in a block for VB[S] files.
 Padding the last record doesn't hurt because MVS writes ECKD records
 that are BLKSIZE in length, but you must not modify the RDW to include
 the pad bytes.

Or, for RECFM=V(B)S you may use Null Segments for padding.

Two respectable experts disagree.  I remember that for RECFM=V(B)(S) I
merely put the desired length in the BDW.  I don't yet know which:

o Does BSAM write BDW bytes?

o Does BSAM always WRITE DCBBLKSI bytes and QSAM ignore
  the excess on GET?  My experience (above) seems to support
  this.

o Does Postel's Principle pertain?

Certainly for RECFM=V, always writing BLKSIZE bytes would be wasteful
for a ragged file (a preponderance of short records).

It's a pity that QSAM doesn't routinely exploit track balances.

-- gil

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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-27 Thread Robert A. Rosenberg
At 10:49 -0600 on 12/27/2014, Paul Gilmartin wrote about Re: BDW 
length vs. Physical Length:



It's a pity that QSAM doesn't routinely exploit track balances.


I agree. It is a waste of track space when the access method refuses 
to write short blocks just to keep all but the last block as BLKSIZ 
long. I think that VB(S) is might actually make use of the gas at the 
end of a track and output a short block/segment to fit. It seems to 
be a trade-off between I/O efficiency/processing and use of the space 
on a track.


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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-26 Thread John Gilmore
Equally, it could be argued that the FBA DASD used to emulate ECDKD is
in most cases not really 'spinning' DASD at all; but Christopher
Blaicher was unassailably right when he said that emulated ECKD
devices are what z/OS
DASD controllers.see.

If one finds it amusing to do so, the reductionist game of describing
underlying reality can be played over and over again, down to the
quantum-electrodynamic level; but what must be programmed for, in a
z/OS environment, is a notional. ECKD device

John Gilmore, Ashland, MA 01721 - USA

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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-26 Thread Shmuel Metz (Seymour J.)
In
b6c1eb4364c30e47950e0f68ef65f467a3561...@proditmailbox1.us.syncsort.com,
on 12/25/2014
   at 10:29 PM, Blaicher, Christopher Y. cblaic...@syncsort.com
said:

A Count field with key and data lengths of zero is an EOF marker.

The key length is irrelevant; any record with a zero data length is
will give a unit exception with read, although normal z/OS
applications don't write EOF markers with keys.
 
-- 
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 ISO position; see http://patriot.net/~shmuel/resume/brief.html 
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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-26 Thread Shmuel Metz (Seymour J.)
In
CAE1XxDE1FGTt0Xg9Aea1tDFUHiJhz8CsYh7WHCXe0t2TZqG=7...@mail.gmail.com,
on 12/26/2014
   at 05:25 AM, John Gilmore jwgli...@gmail.com said:

Equally, it could be argued that the FBA DASD used to emulate 
ECDKD (sic) is in most cases not really 'spinning' DASD at all;

AFAIK that is not true yet, although solid state drives are certainly
moving up rapidly.
 
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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-26 Thread John Gilmore
My implicit qualification to z/Architecture contexts should have been
explicit,  Elsewhere rotating DASD continues in significant use.  It
is, however, all but irrelevant to the current discussion

John Gilmore, Ashland, MA 01721 - USA

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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-25 Thread Binyamin Dissen
On Wed, 24 Dec 2014 19:18:44 -0500 Robert A. Rosenberg hal9...@panix.com
wrote:

:At 22:59 + on 12/23/2014, Blaicher, Christopher Y. wrote about 
:Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length:

:I can't remember, but BSAM may, and I stress may, check the block 
:length is a multiple of the LRECL.

:This would only be applicable to FB.

I doubt that it checks. The only thing I would expect it to check (which the
I/O driver is really checking) that the block is less than the amount
specified to read.

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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-25 Thread Blaicher, Christopher Y.
I have to question the  accuracy of Mr. Altmark's comment.  First let's take 
the last question from Paul Gilmartin.

ECKD, which is what all modern DASD is, stands for Extended Count Key Data.  
The 'Extended' refers to the channel commands you can issue, not the devices 
capabilities.  All blocks written to a ECKD device consist of a Count field, an 
optional Key field and a Data field.  The Count field is 8 bytes long and has a 
format of CCHHRKDD.  (Extended format volume count fields are formatted 
slightly differently, but for basics, this will do.)
CC = the Cylinder number.  HH = the head number.  K = Key length.  DD = Data 
length.  If the key length is zero, there is no key field.  A Count field with 
key and data lengths of zero is an EOF marker.

BSAM gets the length of the block to write from the DCB BLKSIZE at the time of 
the WRITE.  As long as the DCB BLKSIZE is equal to or less than the max BLKSIZE 
all is OK.  BSAM will build the CCHHRKDD from the various values it keeps and 
the DD comes from the BLKSIZE.  I guess you could always leave the BLKSIZE in 
the DCB, but you are supposed to set the BLKSIZE to the BDW size.

I have not done much with BSAM in years, mostly EXCP and STARTIO, so my 
knowledge of what BSAM checks and validates is vague at best.

What I can tell you is that any time you don't follow the rules, I.E. write a 
block longer than the BDW, someone is going to complain.  Be it BSAM, QSAM or 
someone using EXCP and doing extensive sanity checking, or that has been my 
experience.

For RECFM=FB, a short block is fine as long as it is a multiple of LRECL.  As 
for finding end of file, it is recognized by the EOF marker or end of the last 
extent, if blocks so fill a track that the system can't fit an EOF marker on it.

Now for Mr. Altmark's comment.  Yes, using BSAM, MVS can write all RECFM=VB 
blocks BLKSIZE in length, but I would not guarantee that everybody will accept 
them as valid.  Also, you would be wasting a lot of space on tracks if you do 
that.

Bottom line - Write well-formed blocks and follow the rules as outlined in the 
various DFSMS manuals.

Chris Blaicher
Principal Software Engineer, Software Development
Syncsort Incorporated
50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677
P: 201-930-8260  |  M: 512-627-3803
E: cblaic...@syncsort.com


On 2014-12-22, at 10:13, Alan Altmark wrote:
 ...
 MVS has no problem with short records in a block for VB[S] files.
 Padding the last record doesn't hurt because MVS writes ECKD records
 that are BLKSIZE in length, but you must not modify the RDW to include
 the pad bytes.

... which raises lotsa questions.  Is this BLKSIZE in the DCB, BLKSIZE in the 
JFCB, or other?  What goes in the CKD COUNT field?
For EKCD RECFM=FB, how does the access method recognize a short block that may 
occur at the end of the data set (or even in the interior).  Does ECKD prohibit 
DISP=MOD for RECFM=FB?  Etc.

-- gil

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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-25 Thread Anne Lynn Wheeler
cblaic...@syncsort.com (Blaicher, Christopher Y.) writes:
 ECKD, which is what all modern DASD is, stands for Extended Count Key
 Data.  The 'Extended' refers to the channel commands you can issue,
 not the devices capabilities.  All blocks written to a ECKD device
 consist of a Count field, an optional Key field and a Data field.  The
 Count field is 8 bytes long and has a format of CCHHRKDD.  (Extended
 format volume count fields are formatted slightly differently, but for
 basics, this will do.)

all modern disk is fixed-block, there hasn't been any real CKD DASD
manufactured for decades ... it is all emulated on industry fixed-block
disks.

ECKD started out when MVS couldn't support FBA ... and they wanted to
retrofit 3380 3mbyte/sec disks to 1683033 1.5mbyte/sec channels
... getting CALYPSO to work was something of horror story

past posts mentioning FBA, CKD, multi-track seek, etc
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dasd

past posts specifically mentioning CALYPSO
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#7 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007e.html#40 FBA rant
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#0 FBA rant
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#40 TOPS-10
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#44 Z/VM support for FBA devices was Re: 
z/OS support of HMC's 3270 emulation?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#11 Secret Service plans IT reboot
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#36 What was old is new again (water 
chilled)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#30 45 years of Mainframe
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#14 Mainframe Slang terms
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#35 junking CKD; was Social Security 
Confronts IT Obsolescence
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#12 Can anybody give me a clear idea 
about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#64 Random thoughts: Low power, High 
performance

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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-25 Thread Blaicher, Christopher Y.
Lynn,

Of course you are correct as far as the physical disk is concerned, but z/OS 
only talks to ECKD controllers which emulate ECKD on FBA devices.

The discussion was on how BSAM and other I/O routines read and write data on 
DASD.

Chris Blaicher
Principal Software Engineer, Software Development
Syncsort Incorporated
50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677
P: 201-930-8260  |  M: 512-627-3803
E: cblaic...@syncsort.com

-Original Message-
From: IBM Mainframe Discussion List [mailto:IBM-MAIN@LISTSERV.UA.EDU] On Behalf 
Of Anne  Lynn Wheeler
Sent: Thursday, December 25, 2014 8:58 PM
To: IBM-MAIN@LISTSERV.UA.EDU
Subject: Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

cblaic...@syncsort.com (Blaicher, Christopher Y.) writes:
 ECKD, which is what all modern DASD is, stands for Extended Count Key
 Data.  The 'Extended' refers to the channel commands you can issue,
 not the devices capabilities.  All blocks written to a ECKD device
 consist of a Count field, an optional Key field and a Data field.  The
 Count field is 8 bytes long and has a format of CCHHRKDD.  (Extended
 format volume count fields are formatted slightly differently, but for
 basics, this will do.)

all modern disk is fixed-block, there hasn't been any real CKD DASD 
manufactured for decades ... it is all emulated on industry fixed-block disks.

ECKD started out when MVS couldn't support FBA ... and they wanted to retrofit 
3380 3mbyte/sec disks to 1683033 1.5mbyte/sec channels ... getting CALYPSO to 
work was something of horror story

past posts mentioning FBA, CKD, multi-track seek, etc 
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dasd

past posts specifically mentioning CALYPSO
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#7 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007e.html#40 FBA rant
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#0 FBA rant
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#40 TOPS-10
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#44 Z/VM support for FBA devices was Re: 
z/OS support of HMC's 3270 emulation?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#11 Secret Service plans IT reboot
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#36 What was old is new again (water 
chilled)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#30 45 years of Mainframe
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#14 Mainframe Slang terms
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#35 junking CKD; was Social Security 
Confronts IT Obsolescence
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#12 Can anybody give me a clear idea 
about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#64 Random thoughts: Low power, High 
performance

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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-24 Thread Paul Gilmartin
On 2014-12-23, at 15:59, Blaicher, Christopher Y. wrote:
 
 QSAM and V/VB/VBS format requires a well formed block.  The BDW must equal 
 the total of the RDW's +4.  The +4 is for the BDW.  You mess that up and QSAM 
 will throw an error.  As long as the BDW is equal to or less than the 
 BLKSIZE, QSAM will be happy.
 
Reading Data Sets
 BSAM needs to follow the same rules as QSAM, especially on writing, so that 
 someone using QSAM can read what the person using BSAM wrote.  Needless to 
 say, you have far more opportunities to mess things up with BSAM because you 
 point at a block and tell BSAM to write it.  If you format the block badly, 
 BSAM isn't going to tell you about it, it will just write the block.  That is 
 especially true for RECFM=V/VB/VBS, although if you try to write longer than 
 the BLKSIZE, it will give you an error.  I can't remember, but BSAM may, and 
 I stress may, check the block length is a multiple of the LRECL.  I tend to 
 include that sanity check in my own code, so I haven't seen it in BSAM in 
 years.
 
I had asked a related question on IBMVM, citing:
http://www-01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/api/content/nl/en-us/SSLTBW_2.1.0/com.ibm.zos.v2r1.idad400/d4361.htm
Null Segments
z/OS DFSMS Using Data Sets
SC23-6855-00 

I could find no affirmative statement in op. cit. either
affirming or forbidding that the physical block may be
longer than the count in the BDW, and Alan Altmark followed up:

On 2014-12-22, at 10:13, Alan Altmark wrote:
 ...
 MVS has no problem with short records in a block for VB[S] files.  Padding 
 the last record doesn't hurt because MVS writes ECKD records that are 
 BLKSIZE in length, but you must not modify the RDW to include the pad 
 bytes.
 
... which raises lotsa questions.  Is this BLKSIZE in the DCB,
BLKSIZE in the JFCB, or other?  What goes in the CKD COUNT field?
For EKCD RECFM=FB, how does the access method recognize a short
block that may occur at the end of the data set (or even in the
interior).  Does ECKD prohibit DISP=MOD for RECFM=FB?  Etc.

-- gil

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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-24 Thread Robert A. Rosenberg
At 22:59 + on 12/23/2014, Blaicher, Christopher Y. wrote about 
Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length:


I can't remember, but BSAM may, and I stress may, check the block 
length is a multiple of the LRECL.


This would only be applicable to FB.

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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-23 Thread Blaicher, Christopher Y.
Not that I am fully informed, but I have been doing I/O at the BSAM, EXCP and 
STARTIO level for 35+ years, so I's say I was experienced.

Starting with QSAM and F/FB/FBS format.  For RECFM=FB or FBS the block size 
must be an even multiple of the LRECL.  If you are off by a byte, you will get 
an error.  For RECFM=F, BLKSIZE must equal LRECL.  When reading a RECFM=FBS 
data set, a short block signals EOF.  There may be additional data after it, 
but a block that is not the full BLKSIZE is EOF.  Technically, you don't need 
an EOF marker on DASD.  If you are reading it from a tape device, then the next 
block must be a Tape Mark (TM).  This most often is a problem when someone 
writes multiple times to a DISP=MOD data set as RECFM=FB and someone else 
over-rides the RECFM with RECFM=FBS when they go to read it.  They do it 
because someplace they read that RECFM=FBS is more efficient than RECFM=FB.  
While that may have been true at some point in the past, it isn't any more, at 
least it isn't really measurable.

QSAM and V/VB/VBS format requires a well formed block.  The BDW must equal the 
total of the RDW's +4.  The +4 is for the BDW.  You mess that up and QSAM will 
throw an error.  As long as the BDW is equal to or less than the BLKSIZE, QSAM 
will be happy.

BSAM needs to follow the same rules as QSAM, especially on writing, so that 
someone using QSAM can read what the person using BSAM wrote.  Needless to say, 
you have far more opportunities to mess things up with BSAM because you point 
at a block and tell BSAM to write it.  If you format the block badly, BSAM 
isn't going to tell you about it, it will just write the block.  That is 
especially true for RECFM=V/VB/VBS, although if you try to write longer than 
the BLKSIZE, it will give you an error.  I can't remember, but BSAM may, and I 
stress may, check the block length is a multiple of the LRECL.  I tend to 
include that sanity check in my own code, so I haven't seen it in BSAM in years.

Hope this helps.

Best of the season to you all.

Chris Blaicher
Principal Software Engineer, Software Development
Syncsort Incorporated
50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677
P: 201-930-8260  |  M: 512-627-3803
E: cblaic...@syncsort.com

-Original Message-
From: IBM Mainframe Discussion List [mailto:IBM-MAIN@LISTSERV.UA.EDU] On Behalf 
Of J O Skip Robinson
Sent: Monday, December 22, 2014 5:14 PM
To: IBM-MAIN@LISTSERV.UA.EDU
Subject: Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

In the absence of a truly informed response, I'll take a stab. I learned that a 
(QSAM) I/O request specifying a block size less than the actual size-of-block 
results in an abend/RC that describes the error. OTOH if the size-of-block is 
lower than requested, the operation is successful; it's up to the program to 
manage the shorter-than-expected data.

I've never dealt with BSAM, which may behave differently. There also may be a 
difference between FB and VB.

.
.
.
J.O.Skip Robinson
Southern California Edison Company
Electric Dragon Team Paddler
SHARE MVS Program Co-Manager
626-302-7535 Office
323-715-0595 Mobile
jo.skip.robin...@sce.com

-Original Message-
From: IBM Mainframe Discussion List [mailto:IBM-MAIN@LISTSERV.UA.EDU] On Behalf 
Of Paul Gilmartin
Sent: Monday, December 22, 2014 8:37 AM
To: IBM-MAIN@LISTSERV.UA.EDU
Subject: BDW length vs. Physical Length

For RECFM=V(B)(S), what happens if the physical length of a block exceeds the 
length in the BDW?

o Bytes in the physical block beyond the length in the BDW are ignored?
  (A writer on another list tells me I can rely on this.)

o The access method reports an error?

I prefer to follow the rules.

Suppose the programmer reads blocks with BSAM and performs strict error 
checking?  Suppose the programmer reads a VBS file on a non-z system and 
performs strict error checking?

(SMP/E copies IEBCOPY relative files to UNIX files and relies on the BDWs to 
reconstitute the VBS data set.)

-- gil

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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-23 Thread Blaicher, Christopher Y.
I should have mentioned, See Chapter 20 of DFSMS Using Data Sets

Chris Blaicher
Principal Software Engineer, Software Development
Syncsort Incorporated
50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677
P: 201-930-8260  |  M: 512-627-3803
E: cblaic...@syncsort.com






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Re: BDW length vs. Physical Length

2014-12-22 Thread J O Skip Robinson
In the absence of a truly informed response, I'll take a stab. I learned that a 
(QSAM) I/O request specifying a block size less than the actual size-of-block 
results in an abend/RC that describes the error. OTOH if the size-of-block is 
lower than requested, the operation is successful; it's up to the program to 
manage the shorter-than-expected data. 

I've never dealt with BSAM, which may behave differently. There also may be a 
difference between FB and VB.  

.
.
.
J.O.Skip Robinson
Southern California Edison Company
Electric Dragon Team Paddler 
SHARE MVS Program Co-Manager
626-302-7535 Office
323-715-0595 Mobile
jo.skip.robin...@sce.com

-Original Message-
From: IBM Mainframe Discussion List [mailto:IBM-MAIN@LISTSERV.UA.EDU] On Behalf 
Of Paul Gilmartin
Sent: Monday, December 22, 2014 8:37 AM
To: IBM-MAIN@LISTSERV.UA.EDU
Subject: BDW length vs. Physical Length

For RECFM=V(B)(S), what happens if the physical length of a block exceeds the 
length in the BDW?

o Bytes in the physical block beyond the length in the BDW are ignored?
  (A writer on another list tells me I can rely on this.)

o The access method reports an error?

I prefer to follow the rules.

Suppose the programmer reads blocks with BSAM and performs strict error 
checking?  Suppose the programmer reads a VBS file on a non-z system and 
performs strict error checking?

(SMP/E copies IEBCOPY relative files to UNIX files and relies on the BDWs to 
reconstitute the VBS data set.)

-- gil

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