Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
- Original Message - Andrea Rossi December 30th, 2012 at 3:01 PM http://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=771cpage=4#comment-514345 Dear Bernie Koppenhofer: You are touching a very important point: during these very days, and also during the more recent tests, we are working on this issue. I think we will be able to produce directly e.m.f. , but much work has to be done. Actually, we already produced direct e.m.f. with the reactors at high temperature, and we measured it with the very precise measurement instrumentation introduced by the third party expert, but we are not ready for an industrial production, while we are at a high level of industrialization for the production of heat and, at this point , also of high temperature steam, which is the gate to the Carnot Cycle. Thank you for your good comment. Warm Regards, A.R. I just came across this old blog post http://egooutpeters.blogspot.ro/2011/08/how-does-apply-prof-piantelli-rules-of.html referring to an even earlier conversation with Piantelli Note: When our intensive and , for me, very instructive and enjoyable correspondence has started- March 2010, he wrote about the state of facts in his own LENR research- in his laboratory from Colle di Val d’Elsa: . ... It is put in evidence a non-electrostatic potential difference between the extremities of the rod on which the metal clusters are deposited.
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
In reply to Jones Beene's message of Wed, 2 Jan 2013 14:33:11 -0800: Hi, [snip] The Rossi claim may not be similar to the new Mills' CIHT device, but it is similar to an old Mills' device - the one known as the reverse gyrotron. That's true, but I think Mark was referring to Mills' latest work, given that he used the present tense of the verb to seem. Hence my reply. -Original Message- From: mix...@bigpond.com In reply to MarkI-ZeroPoint's message: Hi, So has Rossi also stumbled upon what caused BLP to change their course of development, i.e., direct conversion to electricity? This may serve as an independent replication of a discovery of a direct conversion phenomenon if both companies were going down one path (conversion-to-heat) and then discovered a more direct path to electricity. BLP seems to have abandoned the direct-to-heat (d2h) path in favor of direct-to-electricity (d2e), while Rossi is continuing the d2h path to get something to market and cash-flow as soon as possible... perhaps a better strategy than BLP. Only other question is what kind of electrical current (and thus, power) is being produced... -Mark Iverson I don't think the two processes are similar. Mills is using a chemical approach AFAIK, i.e. his device is similar to a fuel cell wherein however the energy comes from Hydrino production. What Rossi appears to be talking about is direct conversion of particle energy to EMF (cyclotron frequency?) in a magnetic field. Presumably he would then allow the EMF to resonate in a chamber/antenna converting it to a high frequency AC current which could then be rectified to DC. Regards, Robin van Spaandonk http://rvanspaa.freehostia.com/project.html Regards, Robin van Spaandonk http://rvanspaa.freehostia.com/project.html
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
It is Beta Decay and Ionizing radiation triggered at the surface of that plasmoid/dark matter particle. It is also probably the reason Papp died of Colon cancer, which is known to be caused from ionizing radiation. http://www.clarku.edu/mtafund/prodlib/jsi/Colorectal_Cancer_and_Exposure_to_Ionizing_Radiation.pdf and probably the reason Tom Rohner died of pancreatic cancer http://www.hendersonbarkerfuneralhome.com/sitemaker/sites/hender0/obit.cgi?user=333640Rohner and possibly why Richard Feynmam died of Abdominal Cancer. bad, bad, bad, bad , bad stuff in concentrated doses. Need to protect and shield from that. Stewart darkmattersalot.com On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 3:57 AM, Teslaalset robbiehobbiesh...@gmail.comwrote: here is also a change of catalytic voltages. Change in catalytic voltages (very local) causes currents and therefore EMF.
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
ChemE Stewart cheme...@gmail.com wrote: and possibly why Richard Feynman died of Abdominal Cancer. Are you suggesting Feynman got cancer because he was exposed to the Papp device? I know that he was exposed to it, but only for a short time before it exploded. If that was long enough to give him cancer then surely Papp himself must have been exposed to massive amounts of radiation over many years. He would have died after a few months I suppose. (Incidentally, Mallove and others think that Feynman caused the explosion, by unplugging the device.) - Jed
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
On Wed, 2 Jan 2013 10:50:05 -0500 Jed Rothwell jedrothw...@gmail.com wrote: ChemE Stewart cheme...@gmail.com wrote: and possibly why Richard Feynman died of Abdominal Cancer. Are you suggesting Feynman got cancer because he was exposed to the Papp device? I know that he was exposed to it, but only for a short time before it exploded. If that was long enough to give him cancer then surely Papp himself must have been exposed to massive amounts of radiation over many years. He would have died after a few months I suppose. I thought Feynman died of cancer because he was exposed to radiation during his work on the Manhattan project.
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
Steven Karels January 2nd, 2013 at 8:22 AM Dear Andrea Rossi, Your previous postings mentioned “direct EMF” coming from the reactor core. Could you please clarify? I have heard of possible direct conversion to electricity by coupling the energy from a charged moving particle into a “transformer”. In general, is this the approach by which you are able to extract “direct EMF”? Andrea Rossi January 2nd, 2013 at 9:01 AM Dear Steven Karels: Yes, that is exactly the path we are walking through. Too soon to give precise info, though. Warm Regards, A.R.
RE: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
So has Rossi also stumbled upon what caused BLP to change their course of development, i.e., direct conversion to electricity? This may serve as an independent replication of a discovery of a direct conversion phenomenon if both companies were going down one path (conversion-to-heat) and then discovered a more direct path to electricity. BLP seems to have abandoned the direct-to-heat (d2h) path in favor of direct-to-electricity (d2e), while Rossi is continuing the d2h path to get something to market and cash-flow as soon as possible... perhaps a better strategy than BLP. Only other question is what kind of electrical current (and thus, power) is being produced... -Mark Iverson -Original Message- From: Alan Fletcher [mailto:a...@well.com] Sent: Wednesday, January 02, 2013 11:31 AM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??) Steven Karels January 2nd, 2013 at 8:22 AM Dear Andrea Rossi, Your previous postings mentioned “direct EMF” coming from the reactor core. Could you please clarify? I have heard of possible direct conversion to electricity by coupling the energy from a charged moving particle into a “transformer”. In general, is this the approach by which you are able to extract “direct EMF”? Andrea Rossi January 2nd, 2013 at 9:01 AM Dear Steven Karels: Yes, that is exactly the path we are walking through. Too soon to give precise info, though. Warm Regards, A.R.
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
Interesting, but we are going to have to wait and see if there is anything to this latest statement. Of course, electromagnetic transformers do not work with DC which is what I was expecting if the energy is due to radiation of some kind. Perhaps he leaves out the part about an external chopper generating AC from internal DC. Then he could speak of a transformer which is within the converter. Dave -Original Message- From: Alan Fletcher a...@well.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Wed, Jan 2, 2013 2:31 pm Subject: Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??) Steven Karels January 2nd, 2013 at 8:22 AM Dear Andrea Rossi, Your previous postings mentioned “direct EMF” coming from the reactor core. Could you please clarify? I have heard of possible direct conversion to electricity by coupling the energy from a charged moving particle into a “transformer”. In general, is this the approach by which you are able to extract “direct EMF”? Andrea Rossi January 2nd, 2013 at 9:01 AM Dear Steven Karels: Yes, that is exactly the path we are walking through. Too soon to give precise info, though. Warm Regards, A.R.
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
On Tue, Jan 1, 2013 at 10:59 PM, Alan Fletcher a...@well.com wrote: My first thought was thermo-electric (in which Rossi has some .. history), but that counter-indicated by his low temperature comments. How about gammavoltaics? I mentioned this from of energy conversion to Rossi on his blog about a year and half ago. Harry New thermophotovoltaic materials could replace alternators in cars and save fuel. By Kevin Bullis on June 1, 2006 Researchers at MIT are developing new technology for converting heat into light and then into electricity that could eventually save fuel in vehicles by replacing less-efficient alternators and allowing electrical systems to run without the engine idling. http://www.technologyreview.com/news/405894/an-alternative-to-your-alternator/ harry
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
In reply to MarkI-ZeroPoint's message of Wed, 2 Jan 2013 11:45:37 -0800: Hi, [snip] So has Rossi also stumbled upon what caused BLP to change their course of development, i.e., direct conversion to electricity? This may serve as an independent replication of a discovery of a direct conversion phenomenon if both companies were going down one path (conversion-to-heat) and then discovered a more direct path to electricity. BLP seems to have abandoned the direct-to-heat (d2h) path in favor of direct-to-electricity (d2e), while Rossi is continuing the d2h path to get something to market and cash-flow as soon as possible... perhaps a better strategy than BLP. Only other question is what kind of electrical current (and thus, power) is being produced... -Mark Iverson I don't think the two processes are similar. Mills is using a chemical approach AFAIK, i.e. his device is similar to a fuel cell wherein however the energy comes from Hydrino production. What Rossi appears to be talking about is direct conversion of particle energy to EMF (cyclotron frequency?) in a magnetic field. Presumably he would then allow the EMF to resonate in a chamber/antenna converting it to a high frequency AC current which could then be rectified to DC. Regards, Robin van Spaandonk http://rvanspaa.freehostia.com/project.html
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
Jed, if you put enough steel, lead, earth or concrete between you and ionizing radiation you can be protected. I think Joseph Papp died at age 56...not exactly old age... On Wednesday, January 2, 2013, Jed Rothwell wrote: ChemE Stewart cheme...@gmail.com javascript:_e({}, 'cvml', 'cheme...@gmail.com'); wrote: and possibly why Richard Feynman died of Abdominal Cancer. Are you suggesting Feynman got cancer because he was exposed to the Papp device? I know that he was exposed to it, but only for a short time before it exploded. If that was long enough to give him cancer then surely Papp himself must have been exposed to massive amounts of radiation over many years. He would have died after a few months I suppose. (Incidentally, Mallove and others think that Feynman caused the explosion, by unplugging the device.) - Jed
RE: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
The Rossi claim may not be similar to the new Mills' CIHT device, but it is similar to an old Mills' device - the one known as the reverse gyrotron. -Original Message- From: mix...@bigpond.com In reply to MarkI-ZeroPoint's message: Hi, So has Rossi also stumbled upon what caused BLP to change their course of development, i.e., direct conversion to electricity? This may serve as an independent replication of a discovery of a direct conversion phenomenon if both companies were going down one path (conversion-to-heat) and then discovered a more direct path to electricity. BLP seems to have abandoned the direct-to-heat (d2h) path in favor of direct-to-electricity (d2e), while Rossi is continuing the d2h path to get something to market and cash-flow as soon as possible... perhaps a better strategy than BLP. Only other question is what kind of electrical current (and thus, power) is being produced... -Mark Iverson I don't think the two processes are similar. Mills is using a chemical approach AFAIK, i.e. his device is similar to a fuel cell wherein however the energy comes from Hydrino production. What Rossi appears to be talking about is direct conversion of particle energy to EMF (cyclotron frequency?) in a magnetic field. Presumably he would then allow the EMF to resonate in a chamber/antenna converting it to a high frequency AC current which could then be rectified to DC. Regards, Robin van Spaandonk http://rvanspaa.freehostia.com/project.html
[Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
Andrea Rossi December 30th, 2012 at 3:01 PM http://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=771cpage=4#comment-514345 Dear Bernie Koppenhofer: You are touching a very important point: during these very days, and also during the more recent tests, we are working on this issue. I think we will be able to produce directly e.m.f. , but much work has to be done. Actually, we already produced direct e.m.f. with the reactors at high temperature, and we measured it with the very precise measurement instrumentation introduced by the third party expert, but we are not ready for an industrial production, while we are at a high level of industrialization for the production of heat and, at this point , also of high temperature steam, which is the gate to the Carnot Cycle. Thank you for your good comment. Warm Regards, A.R. [ I've interleaved the questions and answers ] January 1st, 2013 at 6:50 PM http://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=771cpage=5#comment-520563 I received your words with great enthusiasm regarding the findings of measuring direct EMF from your LENR devices. 1. Were you referring to converting heat to electricity, or were you able to detect EMF coming directly from the reactor core? 1- directly from the reactor core 2 Is the amount of EMF seen moderated or controlled by the temperatures made by the Hot Cat? 2- still under probe 3 Will you next try to increase the effect to be able to produce power/energy directly without the need to convert heat to energy? 3- yes 4 Will it ever be possible to have a “Cold Cat” make energy without heat? 4- possibly 5 Or with less heat? 5- I hope too Also, on the familiar 1MW : Andrea Rossi December 31st, 2012 at 7:02 AM Dear Scott L.: As I said and wrote many times, the Container of the 1 MW plant is the same tested one year ago, since to the military Customer we delivered different ones. This one, seen also in the Swedish Television, has been used to make tests, modifications, improvements, certification. It has been a tremendous tool for RD. Now it is destined to a Customer. It will be delivered on March, after further series of modifications we have in course now. Thanks to it now we can pass to a repetitive manufacturing line. After a glorious first life as a prototype for RD, it is on his way to go to work in a centralized heating plant to supply heat: this will be his seconf life. Warm Regards, A.R.
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
My first thought was thermo-electric (in which Rossi has some .. history), but that counter-indicated by his low temperature comments. How about gammavoltaics?
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
Reminds me of the atomic battery concept. I gave that consideration when he originally stated that the energy was released in the form of low energy gammas that were converted into heat inside his shield. It did not take long to come to the conclusion that this must not be true unless the gammas were really low energy. Horace made it very clear that anything over 100 keV would escape the original lead lined beast and be dangerous. Do you suspect that Rossi is back with the gamma radiation concept and is converting them to electricity? Or, is this another diversion? Dave -Original Message- From: Axil Axil janap...@gmail.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Tue, Jan 1, 2013 10:50 pm Subject: Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??) Very interesting. This revelation, the production of a feedback current as it also appears in the Papp reaction, tells me that the underlying and fundamental mechanism which drives the Rossi reaction is electrostatic charge separation(aka ionization). Way back at the beginning of his development effort, Rossi said that his reaction would produce a detectable electric potential. At that early juncture, he discarded this curious characteristic of his reaction as not significant because he viewed it as too feeble to be productive. I guess that the changes that he has recently made to his design have sufficiently enhanced this thermionic effect in preference to heat generation to a level that may now overshadow the production of heat as the primary energy product of his device. Cheers:Axil On Tue, Jan 1, 2013 at 9:26 PM, Alan Fletcher a...@well.com wrote: Andrea Rossi December 30th, 2012 at 3:01 PM http://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=771cpage=4#comment-514345 Dear Bernie Koppenhofer: You are touching a very important point: during these very days, and also during the more recent tests, we are working on this issue. I think we will be able to produce directly e.m.f. , but much work has to be done. Actually, we already produced direct e.m.f. with the reactors at high temperature, and we measured it with the very precise measurement instrumentation introduced by the third party expert, but we are not ready for an industrial production, while we are at a high level of industrialization for the production of heat and, at this point , also of high temperature steam, which is the gate to the Carnot Cycle. Thank you for your good comment. Warm Regards, A.R. [ I've interleaved the questions and answers ] January 1st, 2013 at 6:50 PM http://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=771cpage=5#comment-520563 I received your words with great enthusiasm regarding the findings of measuring direct EMF from your LENR devices. 1. Were you referring to converting heat to electricity, or were you able to detect EMF coming directly from the reactor core? 1- directly from the reactor core 2 Is the amount of EMF seen moderated or controlled by the temperatures made by the Hot Cat? 2- still under probe 3 Will you next try to increase the effect to be able to produce power/energy directly without the need to convert heat to energy? 3- yes 4 Will it ever be possible to have a “Cold Cat” make energy without heat? 4- possibly 5 Or with less heat? 5- I hope too Also, on the familiar 1MW : Andrea Rossi December 31st, 2012 at 7:02 AM Dear Scott L.: As I said and wrote many times, the Container of the 1 MW plant is the same tested one year ago, since to the military Customer we delivered different ones. This one, seen also in the Swedish Television, has been used to make tests, modifications, improvements, certification. It has been a tremendous tool for RD. Now it is destined to a Customer. It will be delivered on March, after further series of modifications we have in course now. Thanks to it now we can pass to a repetitive manufacturing line. After a glorious first life as a prototype for RD, it is on his way to go to work in a centralized heating plant to supply heat: this will be his seconf life. Warm Regards, A.R.
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
From: David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??) Reminds me of the atomic battery concept. I gave that consideration when he originally stated that the energy was released in the form of low energy gammas that were converted into heat inside his shield. It did not take long to come to the conclusion that this must not be true unless the gammas were really low energy. Horace made it very clear that anything over 100 keV would escape the original lead lined beast and be dangerous. Do you suspect that Rossi is back with the gamma radiation concept and is converting them to electricity? Or, is this another diversion? Dave Googling on gammavoltaics gives a lot of speculation and one solid paper Novel Nuclear Powered Photocatalytic Energy Conversion John R. White, Douglas Kinsman, Thomas M. Regan, and Leo M. Bobek UMass-Lowell Radiation Laboratory University of Massachusetts Lowell August 29, 2005 http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/850408-3Vdsn0/850408.pdf It uses a standard photovoltaic dye -- plus a GAMMA SCINTILLATOR to down-shift the energy into its optical range. eg Sodium Iodide, Cesium Iodide What if Rossi's secret sauce wasn't to create the reaction, but to capture gammas ??? (Pure speculation, of course ...)
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
Rossi’s secret sauce produces charge separation through the action of heat. Think cesium. Cheers: Axil On Tue, Jan 1, 2013 at 11:16 PM, Alan Fletcher a...@well.com wrote: From: David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??) Reminds me of the atomic battery concept. I gave that consideration when he originally stated that the energy was released in the form of low energy gammas that were converted into heat inside his shield. It did not take long to come to the conclusion that this must not be true unless the gammas were really low energy. Horace made it very clear that anything over 100 keV would escape the original lead lined beast and be dangerous. Do you suspect that Rossi is back with the gamma radiation concept and is converting them to electricity? Or, is this another diversion? Dave Googling on gammavoltaics gives a lot of speculation and one solid paper Novel Nuclear Powered Photocatalytic Energy Conversion John R. White, Douglas Kinsman, Thomas M. Regan, and Leo M. Bobek UMass-Lowell Radiation Laboratory University of Massachusetts Lowell August 29, 2005 http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/850408-3Vdsn0/850408.pdf It uses a standard photovoltaic dye -- plus a GAMMA SCINTILLATOR to down-shift the energy into its optical range. eg Sodium Iodide, Cesium Iodide What if Rossi's secret sauce wasn't to create the reaction, but to capture gammas ??? (Pure speculation, of course ...)
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
Sorry, but that does not ring any bells for me Axil. Could you give a brief description of how cesium would allow that? Dave -Original Message- From: Axil Axil janap...@gmail.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Tue, Jan 1, 2013 11:37 pm Subject: Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??) Rossi’s secret sauce produces charge separation through the action of heat. Think cesium. Cheers: Axil On Tue, Jan 1, 2013 at 11:16 PM, Alan Fletcher a...@well.com wrote: From: David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??) Reminds me of the atomic battery concept. I gave that consideration when he originally stated that the energy was released in the form of low energy gammas that were converted into heat inside his shield. It did not take long to come to the conclusion that this must not be true unless the gammas were really low energy. Horace made it very clear that anything over 100 keV would escape the original lead lined beast and be dangerous. Do you suspect that Rossi is back with the gamma radiation concept and is converting them to electricity? Or, is this another diversion? Dave Googling on gammavoltaics gives a lot of speculation and one solid paper Novel Nuclear Powered Photocatalytic Energy Conversion John R. White, Douglas Kinsman, Thomas M. Regan, and Leo M. Bobek UMass-Lowell Radiation Laboratory University of Massachusetts Lowell August 29, 2005 http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/850408-3Vdsn0/850408.pdf It uses a standard photovoltaic dye -- plus a GAMMA SCINTILLATOR to down-shift the energy into its optical range. eg Sodium Iodide, Cesium Iodide What if Rossi's secret sauce wasn't to create the reaction, but to capture gammas ??? (Pure speculation, of course ...)
Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??)
Electropositivity is a measure of an element's ability to donate electrons, and therefore form positive ions; thus, it is opposed to electronegativity. Mainly, this is an attribute of metals, meaning that for the most part, the greater the metallic character of an element, the greater the electropositivity. Therefore the alkali metals are most electropositive of all. This is because they have a single electron in their outer shell and, as this is relatively far from the nucleus of the atom, it is easily lost; in other words, these metals have low ionization energies. While electronegativity increases along periods in the periodic table, and decreases down groups, electropositivity decreases along periods (from left to right) and increases down groups. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electropositive Cesium at .659 is the most electropositive of all the elements. Another secret sauce candidate that has been verified as in use in the DGT reaction is potassium. Its Electroposativity using the Allen scale is .734. Conversely, the Papp reaction uses extreme electronegativity to power its reaction. In both cases charge separation is the basic engine powering the reaction for both systems. Cheers: Axil On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 12:07 AM, David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com wrote: Sorry, but that does not ring any bells for me Axil. Could you give a brief description of how cesium would allow that? Dave -Original Message- From: Axil Axil janap...@gmail.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Tue, Jan 1, 2013 11:37 pm Subject: Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??) Rossi’s secret sauce produces charge separation through the action of heat. Think cesium. Cheers: Axil On Tue, Jan 1, 2013 at 11:16 PM, Alan Fletcher a...@well.com wrote: From: David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:Rossi Says .. EMF Directly from the Reactor Core!! (??) Reminds me of the atomic battery concept. I gave that consideration when he originally stated that the energy was released in the form of low energy gammas that were converted into heat inside his shield. It did not take long to come to the conclusion that this must not be true unless the gammas were really low energy. Horace made it very clear that anything over 100 keV would escape the original lead lined beast and be dangerous. Do you suspect that Rossi is back with the gamma radiation concept and is converting them to electricity? Or, is this another diversion? Dave Googling on gammavoltaics gives a lot of speculation and one solid paper Novel Nuclear Powered Photocatalytic Energy Conversion John R. White, Douglas Kinsman, Thomas M. Regan, and Leo M. Bobek UMass-Lowell Radiation Laboratory University of Massachusetts Lowell August 29, 2005 http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/850408-3Vdsn0/850408.pdf It uses a standard photovoltaic dye -- plus a GAMMA SCINTILLATOR to down-shift the energy into its optical range. eg Sodium Iodide, Cesium Iodide What if Rossi's secret sauce wasn't to create the reaction, but to capture gammas ??? (Pure speculation, of course ...)