Re: [Vo]:Deuterium vs. Hydrogen (wrt Rossi and Ahern)
Hi Peter, I would like to see Ahern use Iwamura's tungsten as one of his powders because of it's high melting point it would be less susceptible to self destruction, of course milling tungsten to nano geometry probably isn't easy. I remain of the opinion that the most active Casimir geometry immediately self destructs via pyrophoric action and stiction at ambient STP and that tungsten would be the most resistant. If someday powders are milled and preserved in vacuum I predict activity will occur at very low pressures of hydrogen released into the vacuum preserved powder. Regards Fran Peter Gluck Thu, 30 Jun 2011 22:54:14 -0700 Re metals tried successfully, Prof Piantelli wrote me, inter alia: all the metals from the four transition metal groups are able to work, more or less; Naturally some work better than the other due to a better electronic conformation in the most external shell and Zr is one of these. The W of Iwamura also works and also Th and some rare earths.
Re: [Vo]:Deuterium vs. Hydrogen (wrt Rossi and Ahern)
Peter Gluck peter.gl...@gmail.com wrote: The W of Iwamura also works . . . You mean Ohmori and Mizuno, glow discharge. - Jed
Re: [Vo]:Deuterium vs. Hydrogen (wrt Rossi and Ahern)
I mean- Piantelli has tested many transition metals in his system and has found W is also working, he has attributed to it Iwamura. sorry for that Peter On Fri, Jul 1, 2011 at 9:26 PM, Jed Rothwell jedrothw...@gmail.com wrote: Peter Gluck peter.gl...@gmail.com wrote: The W of Iwamura also works . . . You mean Ohmori and Mizuno, glow discharge. - Jed -- Dr. Peter Gluck Cluj, Romania http://egooutpeters.blogspot.com
Re: [Vo]:Deuterium vs. Hydrogen (wrt Rossi and Ahern)
Jones Beene wrote: However, several dozen of the top researchers in the LENR field were a bit miffed by this change in direction, since they had built careers around Pd-D; and many of them may have jumped ship. I do not know any who say they are miffed at this. None of them seem miffed to me. I do not know any who thought that Pd was a promising long-term solution. There is probably not enough of it to produce all the energy we need. As far as I know, people have been investigating Pd because they can -- because it works. The power density with Ni has been extremely low up until now, and most of the time it did not work, so it was difficult to use. I think the idea was to discover how cold fusion works with Pd, then apply that knowledge to other metals such as Ni or Ti. As I recall, the first person to tell me there is probably not enough Pd and Ni is the best alternative was Martin Fleischmann. He and Pons tested Ni long ago, and got some positive results but not clear enough to publish. - Jed
Re: [Vo]:Deuterium vs. Hydrogen (wrt Rossi and Ahern)
Peter Gluck wrote: I mean- Piantelli has tested many transition metals in his system and has found W is also working, he has attributed to it Iwamura. sorry for that Well, Iwamura might have tested W, but I don't recall that he did. I guess Piantelli was confused. Glow discharge is quite different from other methods. It might not even be the same phenomenon, for all I know. - Jed
Re: [Vo]:Deuterium vs. Hydrogen (wrt Rossi and Ahern)
On Thu, Jun 30, 2011 at 1:28 PM, Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net wrote: The curious thing about all of this is that the nano-nickel which did not load was still producing net heat gain, ala Rossi. And wouldn't you know it - this one, which loads well, has yet to produce net excess heat. Go figure. That is why LENR is so frustrating. The devil is in the details. From all of what I have read, it seems to me that the reactions are not occurring within the perfected cells of the metal lattice but at the discontinuities or imperfections. There's something happening at the crystal boundries which causes the nuclear reactions. T
Re: [Vo]:Deuterium vs. Hydrogen (wrt Rossi and Ahern)
In reply to Jones Beene's message of Thu, 30 Jun 2011 10:28:30 -0700: Hi, [snip] I'm somewhat surprised that no one tries Lanthanum alloys, since these are used for Hydrogen storage, implying high loading. An unusual predicament is lurking in the background of the field of LENR, due to Rossi's (apparent) success. Prior to Rossi, palladium-deuterium - Pd-D - was king. Now it is looking like Ni-H will be the heir to the throne. Generally this change in focus away from exotic materials seems like a good thing, to the extent Rossi's results can be trusted. However, several dozen of the top researchers in the LENR field were a bit miffed by this change in direction, since they had built careers around Pd-D; and many of them may have jumped ship. After all, getting rid of two expensive components in an experiment should be win-win - IF - Rossi's extraordinary results can be duplicated without them. The reason I am bringing this point up is that there could be a promising middle ground which is ignored in a rush to switch to Ni-H. It is possible that this middle ground has a valid end-use, even if the Rossi effect is proved. That end use would be dense deuterium in a matrix which does not require precious metals and in a situation where one might desire actual fusion. As a few of you might have guessed, the big opportunity for this would be 'targets' for ICF hot fusion. A target which contains a low cost alloy which is loaded with dense deuterium could be most important in the big picture, since it might then be possible to employ tabletop accelerators to provide inertia, instead of giant lasers, etc. More on that later First issue - we do know that Rossi says that deuterium quenches the heat reaction in his reactor. In fact, he claimed to use deuterium for that very purpose: quenching. But like so many Rossi-isms, this one may be another exaggeration. Moreover - a null result with what 'should be' the more active isotope - may be true only for the precise materials Rossi is using; and in other combinations it may be possible to find results with deuterium which have special advantages (such as for ICF targets, etc) and where you do not want extra energy until it is needed. We do know that prior researchers have gotten mixed results with nickel and deuterium, but far less than with Pd-D. However, the major problem is that nickel alone does NOT load to high levels, and even nano-nickel does not load well. In Pd-D LENR, the one criterion which is deemed important is loading of close to 1:1. That would be one atom of deuterium for every atom of palladium. This ratio is hard to achieve without palladium, BUT a ratio of over 4:1 has been achieved in an alloy of nickel and palladium. This is the famous Arata-Zhang alloy. The effort now is to move to alloys of nickel but without exotic metals, and that is where Brian Ahern's work can possibly help those researchers who want to stay with deuterium, yet get away from palladium - and still achieve excellent loading. It is estimate that Pd would cost $5,000 ounce if used in LENR or in ICF fusion due to the demand/supply situation. A few days ago, Brian was running a new alloy of Zr65%-Ni25%-Cu5%-Fe5%. This was spin cast, calcined in air and ground in a ball mill, so that in the end there is a ceramic support composed of zirconia, ZrO2 - in which are imbedded nano-islands of the alloy, which is metallic nickel-copper-iron. This is identical to his recent presentation at MIT, except for the addition of iron to the alloy. When baked at mid-range of temperature, zirconium wants to oxidize preferentially and that is the physical property that makes nano-islands of alloy a natural feature of this technique. The support particles are ground to 50 microns or so, and the result is millions of nanoislands of alloy embedded in each ceramic particle. Here is where it might get interesting for the deuterium researchers. This material loaded to a ratio of 2.5:1 ! And that is based on the ceramic mass as well, so it could be way more than double wrt to only the metal atoms. This is spectacular, under either circumstance. There is no apparent reason why it should not load to the same high level with deuterium, but this will not be tried by Brian, and that is why I am mentioning it now. Ahern is very concerned about the energy crisis - and is open about his results, and wants to see the benefit of them spread to as many areas as possible. This is the first nanopowder alloy to load well containing no precious metal. All of Brian's previous nano-nickel alloys have not loaded well unless palladium was a component in the alloy. This is a fine point to the casual observer, but there will be a few here who will appreciate the implications. I do not think that ICF can be economically feasible if palladium is required, for instance. The curious thing about all of this is that the nano-nickel which did not load was still producing net heat gain, ala Rossi. And wouldn't you
RE: [Vo]:Deuterium vs. Hydrogen (wrt Rossi and Ahern)
-Original Message- From: mix...@bigpond.com I'm somewhat surprised that no one tries Lanthanum alloys, since these are used for Hydrogen storage, implying high loading. Hi Robin, Yes, a few of the lanthanides, particularly cerium, have potential for high loading and reasonable cost. All it takes to try them is adequate funding :) Here is something close (from an old article) - to what I had in mind for a new kind of ICF, using macroscopic particles of loaded deuterium, travelling on a magnetic wave - instead of particle beams or laser beams as the driver. This is the original Winterberg concept: http://iopscience.iop.org/0032-1028/10/1/306;jsessionid=5440FE3BA8F5056F9D8D 18FDF0B13A1C.c3 ... But to be updated by substituting the loaded Ahern powder for both the projectile and the target (or two intersecting 50 micron projectiles). BTW - the powder is magnetic. It would be interesting to estimate the revised parameters, under the assumption of high internal pressuriztion - in both the projectile and the target. Of course, overpotential is not 'real' pressurization, but does it operate the same way? Quien sabe? IOW - could one reduce a required 10 km magnetic wave accelerator to a few meters if the final impact started out with both participating particles having 'virtual' deuterium pressurization of say - 10 kilobar? Jones
Re: [Vo]:Deuterium vs. Hydrogen (wrt Rossi and Ahern)
Terry, I think there are at least 2 levels of activation and the imperfections in the lattice you mention are a priori. I was a long time convinced that the Casimir effect was limited to the Casimir geometry but have come to believe that these cavities can translate resident gases into fractional clusters that can then self maintain their fractional arrangement to migrate and store themselves in the same lattice vacancies normally occupied by a single hydrogen proton. Perhaps the differences Jones was alluding to regarding materials that produce heat like Ni-H vs materials that produce good loading ratios for ICF targets relates to the geometry of the undamaged lattice and the cluster formations. If Rossi has found a method to amplify the heat generation it may actually be by means of preventing the clusters in the lattice.. This is assuming some balance between the initial formation of these clusters in the cavities and the ability of the surrounding lattice to maintain the clusters. Regards Fran Terry Blanton Thu, 30 Jun 2011 11:56:34 -0700 On Thu, Jun 30, 2011 at 1:28 PM, Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net wrote: The curious thing about all of this is that the nano-nickel which did not load was still producing net heat gain, ala Rossi. And wouldn't you know it - this one, which loads well, has yet to produce net excess heat. Go figure. That is why LENR is so frustrating. The devil is in the details. From all of what I have read, it seems to me that the reactions are not occurring within the perfected cells of the metal lattice but at the discontinuities or imperfections. There's something happening at the crystal boundries which causes the nuclear reactions. T
Re: [Vo]:Deuterium vs. Hydrogen (wrt Rossi and Ahern)
Re metals tried successfully, Prof Piantelli wrote me, inter alia: all the metals from the four transition metal groups are able to work, more or less; Naturally some work better than the other due to a better electronic conformation in the most external shell and Zr is one of these. The W of Iwamura also works and also Th and some rare earths. These all are described in my newest patent filed in 2008 and in the publication in print at the Atti del Accademia dei Fisocritici. The mechanism for Zr and for the transition metals is always the same as with Ni. Obviously the transmutations of the active elements that take place are different for each metal used. Till now we have obtained very satisfactory with Ti, Cr, Mn and Fe- with very good results. The analysis of these elements by SEM- EDAX after extraction from the cell shows that the secondary reactions due to the expulsed protons (using the same materials for the cells as for Ni) are practically the same if we change the elements present in the active core the answers to the primary reaction of nuclear capture . As you see, it is a huge area for research. The trouble is that the most used palladium has a relatively unfavorable electronic structure. Peter On Fri, Jul 1, 2011 at 6:06 AM, francis froarty...@comcast.net wrote: Terry, I think there are at least 2 levels of activation and the imperfections in the lattice you mention are a priori. I was a long time convinced that the Casimir effect was limited to the Casimir geometry but have come to believe that these cavities can translate resident gases into fractional clusters that can then self maintain their fractional arrangement to migrate and store themselves in the same lattice vacancies normally occupied by a single hydrogen proton. Perhaps the differences Jones was alluding to regarding materials that produce heat like Ni-H vs materials that produce good loading ratios for ICF targets relates to the geometry of the undamaged lattice and the cluster formations. If Rossi has found a method to amplify the heat generation it may actually be by means of preventing the clusters in the lattice…. This is assuming some balance between the initial formation of these clusters in the cavities and the ability of the surrounding lattice to maintain the clusters. ** ** ** ** *Terry Blanton* Thu, 30 Jun 2011 11:56:34 -0700 On Thu, Jun 30, 2011 at 1:28 PM, Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net wrote:* *** ** ** The curious thing about all of this is that the nano-nickel which did not load was still producing net heat gain, ala Rossi. And wouldn't you know it - this one, which loads well, has yet to produce net excess heat. Go*** * figure. That is why LENR is so frustrating. The devil is in the details. ** ** ** ** From all of what I have read, it seems to me that the reactions are not occurring within the perfected cells of the metal lattice but at the discontinuities or imperfections. There's something happening at the crystal boundries which causes the nuclear reactions. ** ** T ** ** ** ** -- Dr. Peter Gluck Cluj, Romania http://egooutpeters.blogspot.com
