RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
Jones said [snip] IOW - an oscillation between bound and unbound modes of two atoms in a nanocavity creates a strong near-field magnetic flux at terahertz frequency which diminishes rapidly with distance. Thus the magnetic permeability of the walls of the cavity are important to capture a percentage of that flux. Mu metal is at least 10 times more capable (higher permeability) than nickel to capture near field flux.[/snip] Jones, Nicely said, this idea is a real good candidate for linkage of energy to the walls and plays into issue of atomic vs molecular populations and runaway or starvation of the effect. It would fit into the puzzle nicely! Fran _ From: Jones Beene [mailto:jone...@pacbell.net] Sent: Wednesday, March 26, 2014 12:44 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: EXTERNAL: RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR To clarify: If the LENR reaction, at any stage, involves hydrogen flipping rapidly from ortho to para alignment (THz) then that spin-energy could be converted to heat by Mu Metal foil as both the electrode and flux sink the tritium reaction which occurs with deuterium (Claytor) could be the result of heat having been extracted instead of the cause of that heat. This is not as crazy as it sounds, at least not in QM. Imagine a large number of nanocavities which have been formed into nickel, using Mizuno's glow discharge technique. The SEM images indicate that these cavities are like surface blisters, raised on the formerly flat surface. D2 is contained therein and at a threshold temperature, can go into a spin-flipping mode where the molecules flip from ortho-to-para alignment rapidly and/or from atomic to molecular form (or both) like a see-saw. The effective magnetic field of any atom of deuterium is 12.5 T but the molecule is diamagnetic. That creates a strong changing flux pattern (which may not be conserved) but that near-field flux would not be noticed unless the cavity walls can convert it into heat. IOW - an oscillation between bound and unbound modes of two atoms in a nanocavity creates a strong near-field magnetic flux at terahertz frequency which diminishes rapidly with distance. Thus the magnetic permeability of the walls of the cavity are important to capture a percentage of that flux. Mu metal is at least 10 times more capable (higher permeability) than nickel to capture near field flux. Once the two deuterium atoms have given up significant levels of spin energy to their surroundings, then the Oppenheimer-Philips effect happens at a reduced threshold to give tritium. OP is a quantum effect - not a thermonuclear effect. It is the result of excess heat having been already extracted - and not the cause of that heat. In the case of hydrogen, no secondary fusion reaction (or side-effect reaction) is possible as is the case with bosonic deuterium (due to Pauli exclusion). The result with H2 is two energy depleted protons which can no longer shed energy and effectively go cold, or else they capture fractional electrons at close radius and go dark. Mills defines dark energy as highly redundant ground state hydrogen - but he may have missed that the primary way protons can do this is via magnetic spin coupling - and not his way - which involves impossibly high levels of ionization. Both ways are possible, even in the same reaction - but the Rossi effect does not require extreme ionization, and Mills does require it.
Re: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
Fran, Jones, Frank, Axil, Dave, etal-- I think that Jones summary is right on. Too many things fit together. It deserves a paper. If nowhere else with Jed. Bob - Original Message - From: Roarty, Francis X To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Thursday, March 27, 2014 7:29 AM Subject: RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR Jones said [snip] IOW - an oscillation between bound and unbound modes of two atoms in a nanocavity creates a strong near-field magnetic flux at terahertz frequency which diminishes rapidly with distance. Thus the magnetic permeability of the walls of the cavity are important to capture a percentage of that flux. Mu metal is at least 10 times more capable (higher permeability) than nickel to capture near field flux.[/snip] Jones, Nicely said, this idea is a real good candidate for linkage of energy to the walls and plays into issue of atomic vs molecular populations and runaway or starvation of the effect. It would fit into the puzzle nicely! Fran _ From: Jones Beene [mailto:jone...@pacbell.net] Sent: Wednesday, March 26, 2014 12:44 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: EXTERNAL: RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR To clarify: If the LENR reaction, at any stage, involves hydrogen flipping rapidly from ortho to para alignment (THz) then that spin-energy could be converted to heat by Mu Metal foil as both the electrode and flux sink.. the tritium reaction which occurs with deuterium (Claytor) could be the result of heat having been extracted instead of the cause of that heat. This is not as crazy as it sounds, at least not in QM. Imagine a large number of nanocavities which have been formed into nickel, using Mizuno's glow discharge technique. The SEM images indicate that these cavities are like surface blisters, raised on the formerly flat surface. D2 is contained therein and at a threshold temperature, can go into a spin-flipping mode where the molecules flip from ortho-to-para alignment rapidly and/or from atomic to molecular form (or both) like a see-saw. The effective magnetic field of any atom of deuterium is 12.5 T but the molecule is diamagnetic. That creates a strong changing flux pattern (which may not be conserved) but that near-field flux would not be noticed unless the cavity walls can convert it into heat. IOW - an oscillation between bound and unbound modes of two atoms in a nanocavity creates a strong near-field magnetic flux at terahertz frequency which diminishes rapidly with distance. Thus the magnetic permeability of the walls of the cavity are important to capture a percentage of that flux. Mu metal is at least 10 times more capable (higher permeability) than nickel to capture near field flux. Once the two deuterium atoms have given up significant levels of spin energy to their surroundings, then the Oppenheimer-Philips effect happens at a reduced threshold to give tritium. OP is a quantum effect - not a thermonuclear effect. It is the result of excess heat having been already extracted - and not the cause of that heat. In the case of hydrogen, no secondary fusion reaction (or side-effect reaction) is possible as is the case with bosonic deuterium (due to Pauli exclusion). The result with H2 is two energy depleted protons which can no longer shed energy and effectively go cold, or else they capture fractional electrons at close radius and go dark. Mills defines dark energy as highly redundant ground state hydrogen - but he may have missed that the primary way protons can do this is via magnetic spin coupling - and not his way - which involves impossibly high levels of ionization. Both ways are possible, even in the same reaction - but the Rossi effect does not require extreme ionization, and Mills does require it.
Re: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
I agree, that is good stuff, even I can understand parts of it. On Thu, Mar 27, 2014 at 11:11 AM, Bob Cook frobertc...@hotmail.com wrote: Fran, Jones, Frank, Axil, Dave, etal-- I think that Jones summary is right on. Too many things fit together. It deserves a paper. If nowhere else with Jed. Bob - Original Message - *From:* Roarty, Francis X francis.x.roa...@lmco.com *To:* vortex-l@eskimo.com *Sent:* Thursday, March 27, 2014 7:29 AM *Subject:* RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR Jones said [snip] IOW - an oscillation between bound and unbound modes of two atoms in a nanocavity creates a strong near-field magnetic flux at terahertz frequency which diminishes rapidly with distance. Thus the magnetic permeability of the walls of the cavity are important to capture a percentage of that flux. Mu metal is at least 10 times more capable (higher permeability) than nickel to capture near field flux.[/snip] Jones, Nicely said, this idea is a real good candidate for linkage of energy to the walls and plays into issue of atomic vs molecular populations and runaway or starvation of the effect. It would fit into the puzzle nicely! Fran _ *From:* Jones Beene [mailto:jone...@pacbell.net jone...@pacbell.net] *Sent:* Wednesday, March 26, 2014 12:44 PM *To:* vortex-l@eskimo.com *Subject:* EXTERNAL: RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR To clarify: If the LENR reaction, at any stage, involves hydrogen flipping rapidly from ortho to para alignment (THz) then that spin-energy could be converted to heat by Mu Metal foil as both the electrode and flux sink the tritium reaction which occurs with deuterium (Claytor) could be the result of heat having been extracted instead of the cause of that heat. This is not as crazy as it sounds, at least not in QM. Imagine a large number of nanocavities which have been formed into nickel, using Mizuno's glow discharge technique. The SEM images indicate that these cavities are like surface blisters, raised on the formerly flat surface. D2 is contained therein and at a threshold temperature, can go into a spin-flipping mode where the molecules flip from ortho-to-para alignment rapidly and/or from atomic to molecular form (or both) like a see-saw. The effective magnetic field of any atom of deuterium is 12.5 T but the molecule is diamagnetic. That creates a strong changing flux pattern (which may not be conserved) but that near-field flux would not be noticed unless the cavity walls can convert it into heat. IOW - an oscillation between bound and unbound modes of two atoms in a nanocavity creates a strong near-field magnetic flux at terahertz frequency which diminishes rapidly with distance. Thus the magnetic permeability of the walls of the cavity are important to capture a percentage of that flux. Mu metal is at least 10 times more capable (higher permeability) than nickel to capture near field flux. Once the two deuterium atoms have given up significant levels of spin energy to their surroundings, then the Oppenheimer-Philips effect happens at a reduced threshold to give tritium. OP is a quantum effect - not a thermonuclear effect. It is the result of excess heat having been already extracted - and not the cause of that heat. In the case of hydrogen, no secondary fusion reaction (or side-effect reaction) is possible as is the case with bosonic deuterium (due to Pauli exclusion). The result with H2 is two energy depleted protons which can no longer shed energy and effectively go cold, or else they capture fractional electrons at close radius and go dark. Mills defines dark energy as highly redundant ground state hydrogen - but he may have missed that the primary way protons can do this is via magnetic spin coupling - and not his way - which involves impossibly high levels of ionization. Both ways are possible, even in the same reaction - but the Rossi effect does not require extreme ionization, and Mills does require it.
RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
The use of proprietary Mu Metal as the active matrix for LENR could turn out to be the most valuable diamond in the rough detail to emerge from MIT. It could be applicable to Mizuno, for instance - as an improvement over pure nickel. With deuterium as Claytor's active gas (assumption) the highest level of tritium is seen as an indicator of the rate of the anomalous underlying reaction - which would not be ideal for commercial LENR geared towards the distributed grid, even if the excess energy rate is also highest. With hydrogen as the active gas, however, using Co-Netic as the matrix alloy could result in increased thermal gain, without the tritium. That would need to be tested. Mu-metal is a nickel-iron alloy, and the proprietary alloy in question has high added molybdenum. The high permeability makes mu-metal useful not only for shielding against static and low-frequency magnetic fields but also in converting most of the energy of an anomalous self-generated field into heat. This is a soft magnetic material that saturates at low magnetic fields and that is the key to the coupling magnons into heat. The high number of inherent Rydberg levels in the ionization potential of this alloy could be the key. Many recent thread here have followed the convergence of spin, magnetism and increased thermal gain. Tom Claytor may have presented the larger LENR field with an astounding way to move forward with an improved cathode alloy - IF - his results have the same applicability to hydrogen, as they do to deuterium. -Original Message- From: George Holz One other point of interest. Tom Claytor's talk on Recent tritium production from electrically pulsed wires and foils showed the highest outputs when he used NiFe foils made for magnetic shielding applications. I think he mentioned Co-Netic material. Not sure what else is in the alloy. George, This is good information to try to analyze further, even if the explanation probably played no part whatsoever in this alloy choice for Claytor. Co-Netic AA, is a Mu metal which as best I can tell since the specs do not turn up easily, seems to be nickel(80%)-iron(15%)-molybdenum(5%) with permeability of 30,000 or more. It is high nickel, but notably for those who have not written off Randell Mills, there is the Moly content (which, as the +2 ion is the very best, in the sense of lowest IP catalytic fit of all catalysts), plus it has four other deeper Rydberg levels for a total of 5 making it the most catalytic of all transition metals (according to my Mills CQM table 5.3). In Mills past experiments, having many catalysts working together seems to be highly preferable to having only a few - and nickel and iron both have multiple Rydberg levels. All in all, from a Mills perspective, Co-Netic AA would provide 9 unique Rydberg multiples ! Claytor probably saw a correlation between tritium production and magnetic permeability - and chose this alloy for that reason, since not many practitioners follow both LENR and Mills for guidance - but the moly content could be what makes this alloy superior. If only Mills could show something more impressive than a modified seam welder, he might get a bit more respect in LENR... Jones attachment: winmail.dat
RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
The intent of the prior posting was not clear. The main point does not relate to tritium per se - but to an improved version of Ni-H with no tritium. Actually, most experimenters want to avoid tritium altogether, for the obvious reasons but not Dr. Claytor. It has been his obsession for decades, and it may pay-off in an unexpected way involving no tritium. The assumption being made here is that maximum tritium production, when it is the goal and when it derives from a deuterium LENR reaction, is also accompanied by maximum excess heat. That is not proved, but seems to be a logical inference since the conversion of deuterium to tritium is extremely energetic - millions of times more than chemical. A secondary inference is that achieving maximum heat, as the new goal, can be retained while eliminating tritium as a side effect, when deuterium is eliminated. That second inference is not a given and would need to be demonstrated in practice. However, tritium in not known to derive from protium, since that would imply a three-body reaction. Several recent thread here have followed the convergence of spin, magnetism and increased thermal gain and Tom Claytor, in pursuit of maximum tritium may have presented the larger LENR field with an astounding way to move forward with an improved cathode alloy for hydrogen - IF - his results have the same applicability to hydrogen as the active gas, as they do to deuterium. That is the magnetic connection to Mu Metal and the improved understanding of one form of LENR as being related to spin coupling. There is almost no doubt that extreme the permeability of a high nickel alloy Mu Metal would help for spin coupling. That is where the prior post was going, but it was not clear. The use of proprietary Mu Metal as the active matrix for LENR could turn out to be the most valuable diamond in the rough detail to emerge from MIT. It could be applicable to Mizuno, for instance - as an improvement over pure nickel. With deuterium as Claytor's active gas (assumption) the highest level of tritium is seen as an indicator of the rate of the anomalous underlying reaction - which would not be ideal for commercial LENR geared towards the distributed grid, even if the excess energy rate is also highest. With hydrogen as the active gas, however, using Co-Netic as the matrix alloy could result in increased thermal gain, without the tritium. That would need to be tested. Mu-metal is a nickel-iron alloy, and the proprietary alloy in question has high added molybdenum. The high permeability makes mu-metal useful not only for shielding against static and low-frequency magnetic fields but also in converting most of the energy of an anomalous self-generated field into heat. This is a soft magnetic material that saturates at low magnetic fields and that is the key to the coupling magnons into heat. The high number of inherent Rydberg levels in the ionization potential of this alloy could be the key. Many recent thread here have followed the convergence of spin, magnetism and increased thermal gain. Tom Claytor may have presented the larger LENR field with an astounding way to move forward with an improved cathode alloy - IF - his results have the same applicability to hydrogen, as they do to deuterium. -Original Message- From: George Holz One other point of interest. Tom Claytor's talk on Recent tritium production from electrically pulsed wires and foils showed the highest outputs when he used NiFe foils made for magnetic shielding applications. I think he mentioned Co-Netic material. Not sure what else is in the alloy. George, This is good information to try to analyze further, even if the explanation probably played no part whatsoever in this alloy choice for Claytor. Co-Netic AA, is a Mu metal which as best I can tell since the specs do not turn up easily, seems to be nickel(80%)-iron(15%)-molybdenum(5%) with permeability of 30,000 or more. It is high nickel, but notably for those who have not written off Randell Mills, there is the Moly content (which, as the +2 ion is the very best, in the sense of lowest IP catalytic fit of all catalysts), plus it has four other deeper Rydberg levels for a total of 5 making it the most catalytic of all transition metals (according to my Mills CQM table 5.3). In Mills past experiments, having many catalysts working together seems to be highly preferable to having only a few - and nickel and iron both have multiple Rydberg levels. All in all, from a Mills perspective, Co-Netic AA would
Re: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
Jones-- You said : The high permeability makes mu-metal useful not only for shielding against static and low-frequency magnetic fields ... Jones, would it not be low (negative) permeability to shield against a static magnetic field. I would think the high value of permeability would be a great multiplier of an external magnetic field (H field) for creation of a B field within the Mu Metal. Bob - Original Message - From: Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Wednesday, March 26, 2014 7:09 AM Subject: RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR The use of proprietary Mu Metal as the active matrix for LENR could turn out to be the most valuable diamond in the rough detail to emerge from MIT. It could be applicable to Mizuno, for instance - as an improvement over pure nickel. With deuterium as Claytor's active gas (assumption) the highest level of tritium is seen as an indicator of the rate of the anomalous underlying reaction - which would not be ideal for commercial LENR geared towards the distributed grid, even if the excess energy rate is also highest. With hydrogen as the active gas, however, using Co-Netic as the matrix alloy could result in increased thermal gain, without the tritium. That would need to be tested. Mu-metal is a nickel-iron alloy, and the proprietary alloy in question has high added molybdenum. The high permeability makes mu-metal useful not only for shielding against static and low-frequency magnetic fields but also in converting most of the energy of an anomalous self-generated field into heat. This is a soft magnetic material that saturates at low magnetic fields and that is the key to the coupling magnons into heat. The high number of inherent Rydberg levels in the ionization potential of this alloy could be the key. Many recent thread here have followed the convergence of spin, magnetism and increased thermal gain. Tom Claytor may have presented the larger LENR field with an astounding way to move forward with an improved cathode alloy - IF - his results have the same applicability to hydrogen, as they do to deuterium. -Original Message- From: George Holz One other point of interest. Tom Claytor's talk on Recent tritium production from electrically pulsed wires and foils showed the highest outputs when he used NiFe foils made for magnetic shielding applications. I think he mentioned Co-Netic material. Not sure what else is in the alloy. George, This is good information to try to analyze further, even if the explanation probably played no part whatsoever in this alloy choice for Claytor. Co-Netic AA, is a Mu metal which as best I can tell since the specs do not turn up easily, seems to be nickel(80%)-iron(15%)-molybdenum(5%) with permeability of 30,000 or more. It is high nickel, but notably for those who have not written off Randell Mills, there is the Moly content (which, as the +2 ion is the very best, in the sense of lowest IP catalytic fit of all catalysts), plus it has four other deeper Rydberg levels for a total of 5 making it the most catalytic of all transition metals (according to my Mills CQM table 5.3). In Mills past experiments, having many catalysts working together seems to be highly preferable to having only a few - and nickel and iron both have multiple Rydberg levels. All in all, from a Mills perspective, Co-Netic AA would provide 9 unique Rydberg multiples ! Claytor probably saw a correlation between tritium production and magnetic permeability - and chose this alloy for that reason, since not many practitioners follow both LENR and Mills for guidance - but the moly content could be what makes this alloy superior. If only Mills could show something more impressive than a modified seam welder, he might get a bit more respect in LENR... Jones
Re: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
Bob, Mu Metal is quite often used in shielding applications. The best description that I recall is that it soaks up the stray magnetic flux passing near a closed region due to it large permeability. It makes sense if you consider the total magnetic flux passing through a volume as approximately constant but can be redirected. The Mu Metal is able to perform the redirection function very well. Dave -Original Message- From: Bob Cook frobertc...@hotmail.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Wed, Mar 26, 2014 11:02 am Subject: Re: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR Jones-- You said : The high permeability makes mu-metal useful not only for shielding against static and low-frequency magnetic fields ... Jones, would it not be low (negative) permeability to shield against a static magnetic field. I would think the high value of permeability would be a great multiplier of an external magnetic field (H field) for creation of a B field within the Mu Metal. Bob - Original Message - From: Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Wednesday, March 26, 2014 7:09 AM Subject: RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR The use of proprietary Mu Metal as the active matrix for LENR could turn out to be the most valuable diamond in the rough detail to emerge from MIT. It could be applicable to Mizuno, for instance - as an improvement over pure nickel. With deuterium as Claytor's active gas (assumption) the highest level of tritium is seen as an indicator of the rate of the anomalous underlying reaction - which would not be ideal for commercial LENR geared towards the distributed grid, even if the excess energy rate is also highest. With hydrogen as the active gas, however, using Co-Netic as the matrix alloy could result in increased thermal gain, without the tritium. That would need to be tested. Mu-metal is a nickel-iron alloy, and the proprietary alloy in question has high added molybdenum. The high permeability makes mu-metal useful not only for shielding against static and low-frequency magnetic fields but also in converting most of the energy of an anomalous self-generated field into heat. This is a soft magnetic material that saturates at low magnetic fields and that is the key to the coupling magnons into heat. The high number of inherent Rydberg levels in the ionization potential of this alloy could be the key. Many recent thread here have followed the convergence of spin, magnetism and increased thermal gain. Tom Claytor may have presented the larger LENR field with an astounding way to move forward with an improved cathode alloy - IF - his results have the same applicability to hydrogen, as they do to deuterium. -Original Message- From: George Holz One other point of interest. Tom Claytor's talk on Recent tritium production from electrically pulsed wires and foils showed the highest outputs when he used NiFe foils made for magnetic shielding applications. I think he mentioned Co-Netic material. Not sure what else is in the alloy. George, This is good information to try to analyze further, even if the explanation probably played no part whatsoever in this alloy choice for Claytor. Co-Netic AA, is a Mu metal which as best I can tell since the specs do not turn up easily, seems to be nickel(80%)-iron(15%)-molybdenum(5%) with permeability of 30,000 or more. It is high nickel, but notably for those who have not written off Randell Mills, there is the Moly content (which, as the +2 ion is the very best, in the sense of lowest IP catalytic fit of all catalysts), plus it has four other deeper Rydberg levels for a total of 5 making it the most catalytic of all transition metals (according to my Mills CQM table 5.3). In Mills past experiments, having many catalysts working together seems to be highly preferable to having only a few - and nickel and iron both have multiple Rydberg levels. All in all, from a Mills perspective, Co-Netic AA would provide 9 unique Rydberg multiples ! Claytor probably saw a correlation between tritium production and magnetic permeability - and chose this alloy for that reason, since not many practitioners follow both LENR and Mills for guidance - but the moly content could be what makes this alloy superior. If only Mills could show something more impressive than a modified seam welder, he might get a bit more respect in LENR... Jones
RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
From: David Roberson Bob, Mu Metal is quite often used in shielding applications. The best description that I recall is that it soaks up the stray magnetic flux passing near a closed region due to it large permeability. It makes sense if you consider the total magnetic flux passing through a volume as approximately constant but can be redirected. The Mu Metal is able to perform the redirection function very well. Essentially Mu Metal internalizes magnetic flux, static or changing. In so doing, it heats up in the same way as a soft iron core of a transformer. Almost no flux passes through. Plus the Curie point of Mu Metal is higher than pure nickel and it is an order of magnitude more sensitive to flux than soft iron (which is permeability). A cabinet which is covered in Mu Metal foil has zero field inside - from earth or anywhere else. No flux lines from a transformer placed on top of that cabinet would not be felt inside. The reverse is also true. If the LENR reaction, at any stage, involves hydrogen flipping rapidly from ortho to para alignment (THz) then that spin energy should be converted to heat by Mu Metal foil as both the electrode and flux sink. Frank Z yesterday states that nuclear spin orbit forces (or the magnetic moment of free electrons) are not conserved. This is something which I had not considered before, but if true, then this is another possibility for gain in LENR which is independent of a nuclear reaction. Note: the tritium reaction which occurs with deuterium (Claytor) could be the result of heat having been extracted instead of the cause of that heat. Thus, it could be possible to avoid that condition with hydrogen. attachment: winmail.dat
Re: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
Jones-- I think you got it right this time. Check out the conclusions section of the following paper: arXiv.org hep-ph arXiv:1304.0365v2 It identifies how strong magnetic fields can influence the nuclear reactions via spin coupling. I think Axil brought this item up several weeks ago. Bob - Original Message - From: Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Wednesday, March 26, 2014 7:53 AM Subject: RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR The intent of the prior posting was not clear. The main point does not relate to tritium per se - but to an improved version of Ni-H with no tritium. Actually, most experimenters want to avoid tritium altogether, for the obvious reasons but not Dr. Claytor. It has been his obsession for decades, and it may pay-off in an unexpected way involving no tritium. The assumption being made here is that maximum tritium production, when it is the goal and when it derives from a deuterium LENR reaction, is also accompanied by maximum excess heat. That is not proved, but seems to be a logical inference since the conversion of deuterium to tritium is extremely energetic - millions of times more than chemical. A secondary inference is that achieving maximum heat, as the new goal, can be retained while eliminating tritium as a side effect, when deuterium is eliminated. That second inference is not a given and would need to be demonstrated in practice. However, tritium in not known to derive from protium, since that would imply a three-body reaction. Several recent thread here have followed the convergence of spin, magnetism and increased thermal gain and Tom Claytor, in pursuit of maximum tritium may have presented the larger LENR field with an astounding way to move forward with an improved cathode alloy for hydrogen - IF - his results have the same applicability to hydrogen as the active gas, as they do to deuterium. That is the magnetic connection to Mu Metal and the improved understanding of one form of LENR as being related to spin coupling. There is almost no doubt that extreme the permeability of a high nickel alloy Mu Metal would help for spin coupling. That is where the prior post was going, but it was not clear. The use of proprietary Mu Metal as the active matrix for LENR could turn out to be the most valuable diamond in the rough detail to emerge from MIT. It could be applicable to Mizuno, for instance - as an improvement over pure nickel. With deuterium as Claytor's active gas (assumption) the highest level of tritium is seen as an indicator of the rate of the anomalous underlying reaction - which would not be ideal for commercial LENR geared towards the distributed grid, even if the excess energy rate is also highest. With hydrogen as the active gas, however, using Co-Netic as the matrix alloy could result in increased thermal gain, without the tritium. That would need to be tested. Mu-metal is a nickel-iron alloy, and the proprietary alloy in question has high added molybdenum. The high permeability makes mu-metal useful not only for shielding against static and low-frequency magnetic fields but also in converting most of the energy of an anomalous self-generated field into heat. This is a soft magnetic material that saturates at low magnetic fields and that is the key to the coupling magnons into heat. The high number of inherent Rydberg levels in the ionization potential of this alloy could be the key. Many recent thread here have followed the convergence of spin, magnetism and increased thermal gain. Tom Claytor may have presented the larger LENR field with an astounding way to move forward with an improved cathode alloy - IF - his results have the same applicability to hydrogen, as they do to deuterium. -Original Message- From: George Holz One other point of interest. Tom Claytor's talk on Recent tritium production from electrically pulsed wires and foils showed the highest outputs when he used NiFe foils made for magnetic shielding applications. I think he mentioned Co-Netic material. Not sure what else is in the alloy. George, This is good information to try to analyze further, even if the explanation probably played no part whatsoever in this alloy choice for Claytor. Co-Netic AA, is a Mu metal which as best I can tell since the specs do not turn up easily, seems to be nickel(80%)-iron(15%)-molybdenum(5%) with permeability of 30,000 or more. It is high nickel, but notably for those who have not written off Randell Mills, there is the Moly content (which, as the +2 ion is the very best, in the sense of lowest IP catalytic fit of all catalysts), plus it has four other deeper Rydberg levels for a total of 5 making it the most catalytic of all transition metals (according to my Mills CQM table 5.3). In Mills past experiments, having many catalysts working together seems to be highly preferable to having only a few - and nickel
RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
To clarify: If the LENR reaction, at any stage, involves hydrogen flipping rapidly from ortho to para alignment (THz) then that spin-energy could be converted to heat by Mu Metal foil as both the electrode and flux sink the tritium reaction which occurs with deuterium (Claytor) could be the result of heat having been extracted instead of the cause of that heat. This is not as crazy as it sounds, at least not in QM. Imagine a large number of nanocavities which have been formed into nickel, using Mizuno's glow discharge technique. The SEM images indicate that these cavities are like surface blisters, raised on the formerly flat surface. D2 is contained therein and at a threshold temperature, can go into a spin-flipping mode where the molecules flip from ortho-to-para alignment rapidly and/or from atomic to molecular form (or both) like a see-saw. The effective magnetic field of any atom of deuterium is 12.5 T but the molecule is diamagnetic. That creates a strong changing flux pattern (which may not be conserved) but that near-field flux would not be noticed unless the cavity walls can convert it into heat. IOW - an oscillation between bound and unbound modes of two atoms in a nanocavity creates a strong near-field magnetic flux at terahertz frequency which diminishes rapidly with distance. Thus the magnetic permeability of the walls of the cavity are important to capture a percentage of that flux. Mu metal is at least 10 times more capable (higher permeability) than nickel to capture near field flux. Once the two deuterium atoms have given up significant levels of spin energy to their surroundings, then the Oppenheimer-Philips effect happens at a reduced threshold to give tritium. OP is a quantum effect - not a thermonuclear effect. It is the result of excess heat having been already extracted - and not the cause of that heat. In the case of hydrogen, no secondary fusion reaction (or side-effect reaction) is possible as is the case with bosonic deuterium (due to Pauli exclusion). The result with H2 is two energy depleted protons which can no longer shed energy and effectively go cold, or else they capture fractional electrons at close radius and go dark. Mills defines dark energy as highly redundant ground state hydrogen - but he may have missed that the primary way protons can do this is via magnetic spin coupling - and not his way - which involves impossibly high levels of ionization. Both ways are possible, even in the same reaction - but the Rossi effect does not require extreme ionization, and Mills does require it. attachment: winmail.dat
Re: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
Jones and Dave-- I think you two are saying the same thing--that the magnetic flux in the Mu Metal is high and the flux outside is low. This I would call a high B (magnetic) field (classical notation) within the Mu Metal. It is my understanding the B field it is primarily the result of alignment of the spin orbital magnetic moments of electrons in the metal lattice. However, this strong B field also affects the nuclear magnetic moments and the magnetic moment of hydrogen in the lattice.These effect may result in the spin coupling of the various spin components of all particles in the lattice. Resonant frequencies may also be important in exciting and fractioning small energy packets among the various particles via this coupling. There may be some time constant associated with the metal lattice associated with creation and decay of the B field as a function of the driving external H field. You may call this a hysteresis of the B field. I think such a oscillating B field would add energy to the lattice in the form of heat increasing as the electrons or first aligned and then jumbled back into disorder as the field decreases. The paper I referred in my last message I think indicates how a hydrogen nucleus or a complex nucleus might be made more susceptible to spin coupling in an increasing magnetic B field. This may be the same effect as extending the spin orbit force that Frank was describing recently. Frank may want to comment. Bob - Original Message - From: Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Wednesday, March 26, 2014 8:49 AM Subject: RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR From: David Roberson Bob, Mu Metal is quite often used in shielding applications. The best description that I recall is that it soaks up the stray magnetic flux passing near a closed region due to it large permeability. It makes sense if you consider the total magnetic flux passing through a volume as approximately constant but can be redirected. The Mu Metal is able to perform the redirection function very well. Essentially Mu Metal internalizes magnetic flux, static or changing. In so doing, it heats up in the same way as a soft iron core of a transformer. Almost no flux passes through. Plus the Curie point of Mu Metal is higher than pure nickel and it is an order of magnitude more sensitive to flux than soft iron (which is permeability). A cabinet which is covered in Mu Metal foil has zero field inside - from earth or anywhere else. No flux lines from a transformer placed on top of that cabinet would not be felt inside. The reverse is also true. If the LENR reaction, at any stage, involves hydrogen flipping rapidly from ortho to para alignment (THz) then that spin energy should be converted to heat by Mu Metal foil as both the electrode and flux sink. Frank Z yesterday states that nuclear spin orbit forces (or the magnetic moment of free electrons) are not conserved. This is something which I had not considered before, but if true, then this is another possibility for gain in LENR which is independent of a nuclear reaction. Note: the tritium reaction which occurs with deuterium (Claytor) could be the result of heat having been extracted instead of the cause of that heat. Thus, it could be possible to avoid that condition with hydrogen.
Re: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
Jones-- I agree. In thinking about alignment and then jumbling of particle alignment there is first energy absorption and then energy distribution, however, I think the net input of energy from the driving H field must be positive. Of course, if in the reaction, mass is lost, the total energy output may be much greater than the driving H field input. Bob - Original Message - From: Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Wednesday, March 26, 2014 9:43 AM Subject: RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR To clarify: If the LENR reaction, at any stage, involves hydrogen flipping rapidly from ortho to para alignment (THz) then that spin-energy could be converted to heat by Mu Metal foil as both the electrode and flux sink the tritium reaction which occurs with deuterium (Claytor) could be the result of heat having been extracted instead of the cause of that heat. This is not as crazy as it sounds, at least not in QM. Imagine a large number of nanocavities which have been formed into nickel, using Mizuno's glow discharge technique. The SEM images indicate that these cavities are like surface blisters, raised on the formerly flat surface. D2 is contained therein and at a threshold temperature, can go into a spin-flipping mode where the molecules flip from ortho-to-para alignment rapidly and/or from atomic to molecular form (or both) like a see-saw. The effective magnetic field of any atom of deuterium is 12.5 T but the molecule is diamagnetic. That creates a strong changing flux pattern (which may not be conserved) but that near-field flux would not be noticed unless the cavity walls can convert it into heat. IOW - an oscillation between bound and unbound modes of two atoms in a nanocavity creates a strong near-field magnetic flux at terahertz frequency which diminishes rapidly with distance. Thus the magnetic permeability of the walls of the cavity are important to capture a percentage of that flux. Mu metal is at least 10 times more capable (higher permeability) than nickel to capture near field flux. Once the two deuterium atoms have given up significant levels of spin energy to their surroundings, then the Oppenheimer-Philips effect happens at a reduced threshold to give tritium. OP is a quantum effect - not a thermonuclear effect. It is the result of excess heat having been already extracted - and not the cause of that heat. In the case of hydrogen, no secondary fusion reaction (or side-effect reaction) is possible as is the case with bosonic deuterium (due to Pauli exclusion). The result with H2 is two energy depleted protons which can no longer shed energy and effectively go cold, or else they capture fractional electrons at close radius and go dark. Mills defines dark energy as highly redundant ground state hydrogen - but he may have missed that the primary way protons can do this is via magnetic spin coupling - and not his way - which involves impossibly high levels of ionization. Both ways are possible, even in the same reaction - but the Rossi effect does not require extreme ionization, and Mills does require it.
Re: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR
Jones and Dave and Frank-- One other idea I have long had: I know of no reason why any nucleus, hydrogen, deuterium, helium, etc. cannot exist in higher spin states than their ground state--i.e., any positive or negative multiple of the spin quanta. We might call these virtual particles. Helium may also exist as a virtual particle with high spin quanta. I think this is what happens in nuclear magnetic resonance reactions during magnetic excitation. The decay of such states happens in a lattice or condensed matter as a fractionation of the excess energy as heat. Bob - Original Message - From: Bob Cook frobertc...@hotmail.com To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Wednesday, March 26, 2014 10:18 AM Subject: Re: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR Jones-- I agree. In thinking about alignment and then jumbling of particle alignment there is first energy absorption and then energy distribution, however, I think the net input of energy from the driving H field must be positive. Of course, if in the reaction, mass is lost, the total energy output may be much greater than the driving H field input. Bob - Original Message - From: Jones Beene jone...@pacbell.net To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Wednesday, March 26, 2014 9:43 AM Subject: RE: [Vo]:Magnetic permeability and LENR To clarify: If the LENR reaction, at any stage, involves hydrogen flipping rapidly from ortho to para alignment (THz) then that spin-energy could be converted to heat by Mu Metal foil as both the electrode and flux sink the tritium reaction which occurs with deuterium (Claytor) could be the result of heat having been extracted instead of the cause of that heat. This is not as crazy as it sounds, at least not in QM. Imagine a large number of nanocavities which have been formed into nickel, using Mizuno's glow discharge technique. The SEM images indicate that these cavities are like surface blisters, raised on the formerly flat surface. D2 is contained therein and at a threshold temperature, can go into a spin-flipping mode where the molecules flip from ortho-to-para alignment rapidly and/or from atomic to molecular form (or both) like a see-saw. The effective magnetic field of any atom of deuterium is 12.5 T but the molecule is diamagnetic. That creates a strong changing flux pattern (which may not be conserved) but that near-field flux would not be noticed unless the cavity walls can convert it into heat. IOW - an oscillation between bound and unbound modes of two atoms in a nanocavity creates a strong near-field magnetic flux at terahertz frequency which diminishes rapidly with distance. Thus the magnetic permeability of the walls of the cavity are important to capture a percentage of that flux. Mu metal is at least 10 times more capable (higher permeability) than nickel to capture near field flux. Once the two deuterium atoms have given up significant levels of spin energy to their surroundings, then the Oppenheimer-Philips effect happens at a reduced threshold to give tritium. OP is a quantum effect - not a thermonuclear effect. It is the result of excess heat having been already extracted - and not the cause of that heat. In the case of hydrogen, no secondary fusion reaction (or side-effect reaction) is possible as is the case with bosonic deuterium (due to Pauli exclusion). The result with H2 is two energy depleted protons which can no longer shed energy and effectively go cold, or else they capture fractional electrons at close radius and go dark. Mills defines dark energy as highly redundant ground state hydrogen - but he may have missed that the primary way protons can do this is via magnetic spin coupling - and not his way - which involves impossibly high levels of ionization. Both ways are possible, even in the same reaction - but the Rossi effect does not require extreme ionization, and Mills does require it.
