Yes, James, I have to be more specific. I hope, I have well understood your questions.
Strong and weak forces are dealing with nuclear physics. The energies involved are about a million times higher than in our cases. The time scales are correspondingly short. When we look at isolated atoms in our long time scales at atomic energies, all structures are smeared out. They look spherical. But an outer electric or magnetic field (artificial fields or field from neighbored atoms), strong enough to overcome the thermal energy, may align atoms. They show now that the outer electrons run in specific orbits (classically spoken). The orbits are often shown in literature in sketches of the charge densities (The charge density on the orbit is high, outside it is zero). Some atoms show e.g. pear shaped densities, symmetric to the center. This means that the orbit is inside this double pear. You see this can not cause a dipole because of its symmetry. But it indicates in what direction a dipole can preferentially be induced. Because the 2 outer orbits in oxygen are inclined by an angle, the atoms in water molecules are not in one line H-O-H but form a V. I hope that I have now carefully enough described this picture, Günter "James Osbourne, Holmes" schrieb: > > Thanks Guenter! > > It still leaves some questions, but definitely sounds like a good start. > > Atoms are not always spherical. Many years back I read a Scientific > American on monatomic atoms. Because of the interaction of the weak and > strong forces, some of them turn into bowling pin shapes. > > James Osbourne Holmes > a...@trail.com > > -----Original Message----- > From: Guenter Poelz [SMTP:po...@mail.desy.de] > Sent: Thursday, December 09, 1999 12:00 PM > To: silver-list@eskimo.com > Subject: Re: CS>RE:Particle size -LV and HV > > Hello James, > many thanks for your interest > "James Osbourne, Holmes" schrieb: > > > > Hi Guenter, > > > > Thanks for your continuing comments. > > Here are my opininions: > >Is the O2 the dipole? Or the Silver?. > > O2 is symmetric. Two oxygen atoms are symmetrically bound to a molecule > with nobel gas like ends. The bond is strong. This can not be a dipole > by itself because it is not left-right asymmetric. (Because it is not a > sphere, it has higher asymmetries. It forms a "quadrupole" like > - > + + > - > but this is not of interest here.) > All atoms are spherical. Thus they are not intrinsic dipoles. Many > molecules also don't form dipoles. But if they are inserted into an outer > electric field, they are polarised: outer elctrons are pulled toward the > anode and the body is pulled toward the cathode. This is an induced dipole, > induced by the outer electric field. The induced dipole moment (the > strength of the dipole) of O2 will be weak because the electrons are > strongly bound. But metals give strong induced dipoles, because the outer > electrons are very weakly attached. > >How does the separate rotation of the ions translate into a > > rotation of the bulk around the arc bars? > I don't see any electric or magnetic effect which could lead to a circular > movement. But often such things occur because your setup is not totally > symmetric (the same with the waterflow in your bath tub). E.g. the > suspended electrode is slightly bent or the obstacles in the water are not > left-right symmetric. > >If it reverses each cycle, what > > is the force which is unbalanced enough to hold the cone up? > You apply maximum and zero energy to the water during half a cycle. In the > next cycle again in the same direction etc.. You will have in average > (over time) a mean positive (upward) energy applied. This is the mean > gravitational energy the water gains. Depending on the resonant properties > of the water cone, it will oscillate between a maximum and a minimum value. > The average must be positive. > > That's how I see it, > Gunter > > > James Osbourne Holmes > > a...@trail.com > > > > -----Original Message----- > > From: Guenter Poelz [SMTP:po...@mail.desy.de] > > Sent: Wednesday, December 08, 1999 12:17 PM > > To: silver-list@eskimo.com > > Subject: Re: CS>RE:Particle size -LV and HV > > > > James, > > the global effect is independent from polarity. When the wire is > > positively charged, the negative end of the dipole is attracted and > > will be directed closer to the wire, the positive is repulsed, is > > further away. During the negative cycle of the wire, the whole thing is > > reversed. During both polarities of the wire the dipoles are attracted > > (because of the different distances of the dipole charges to the wire), > > but the dipoles change permanently their directions. > > Because attraction and repulsion both take place simultaneously, the > > force on a dipole in an unhomogeneous field is weaker as on a singular > > charge (e.g. an ion). > > you see, the dipole is permanently oscillating or rotating in an > > alternating electrical field. > > If there is also a magnetic field, as it is around an electric current, > > there are also forces transverse to that field, which makes the movement > > more complicated. > > > > I hope you can agree, > > Gunter > > > > "James Osbourne, Holmes" schrieb: > snip.......... > > -- > The silver-list is a moderated forum for discussion of colloidal silver. > To join or quit silver-list or silver-digest send an e-mail message to: > silver-list-requ...@eskimo.com -or- silver-digest-requ...@eskimo.com with > the word subscribe or unsubscribe in the SUBJECT line. > To post, address your message to: silver-list@eskimo.com > Silver-list archive: http://escribe.com/health/thesilverlist/index.html > List maintainer: Mike Devour <mdev...@id.net>
