Tipsters, Because I am currently enrolled in a tutor certification course through the National Tutoring Association, I had the opportunity to learn more about the andragogical approach (like Jim I was not aware of this distinction either). Andragogy is distinguished from pedagogy with the former emphasizing the role of teacher as tutor, coach, or guide. Whereas the teacher is more in control of learning objectives, class structure in a pedagogical model, the andragogical teacher / tutor works as an equal partner where learning goals are mutually determined and negotiated, teaching methods individualized according to the needs of the learner (idiosyncratic), with problem solving and Socratic questioning as dominant approaches to material delivery. Not surprisingly, tutoring takes the andragogical approach, but it is used with all ages and not limited to adult education. Andragogical goals include developing an increased understanding of the material (common to all instruction), become a self-directed / independent learner (present in many pedagogies), through individualized 1:1 or 1:few interaction (usually limited by class size, time constraints, curriculum requirements, etc.). Hope this helps... rene Sources: Knowles, M. 1977. The modern practice of adult education: Andragogy versus pedagogy. New York: Association. Knowles, M. 1980. From andragogy to pedagogy. New York: Association. It's Called Andragogy. ( http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/viewarticle?data=dGJyMPPp44rp2%2fdV0%2bnjisfk5Ie46bZMsKexTrGk63nn5KyI8e%2fhgL6vrUm3pbBIr6eeTLims1Kxq55oy5zyit%2fk8Xnh6ueH7N%2fiVa%2brt0m2q7dLta%2bkhN%2fk5VXj5KR84LPui%2ffepIzf3btZzJzfhruorki0o69Jsay1Ra6nrz7k5fCF3%2bq7fvPi6ozj7vIA&hid=122 )Full Text Available Forrest, Stephen Paul, III; Peterson, Tim O.; Academy of Management Learning & Education, Vol 5(1), Mar, 2006. pp. 113-122. The relationship between andragogical and pedagogical orientations and the implications for adult learning. ( http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/viewarticle?data=dGJyMPPp44rp2%2fdV0%2bnjisfk5Ie46bZMsKexTrGk63nn5KyI8e%2fhgL6vrUm3pbBIr6eeTLims1Kxq55oy5zyit%2fk8Xnh6ueH7N%2fiVa%2brt0m2q7dLta%2bkhN%2fk5VXj5KR84LPui%2ffepIzf3btZzJzfhrunt1Gzo65PtKexRa6mrz7k5fCF3%2bq7fvPi6ozj7vIA&hid=122 )Detail Only Available Delahaye, Brian L.; Limerick, David C.; Hearn, Greg; Adult Education Quarterly, Vol 44(4), Sum, 1994. pp. 187-200. Dr. Rene Verry Ph.D. Experimental Psychology Learning Research Specialist ACT/SAT/GRE Site Supervisor Office of Student Success Staley Library Room 14D Millikin University 1184 W Main Decatur, IL 62522 217-424-6398 rve...@millikin.edu To see the world in a grain of sand, and to see heaven in a wild flower, hold infinity in the palm of your hands, and eternity in an hour. William Blake
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