On 20/01/2016 00:53, Joe Taylor wrote:
> Sure, we could set the level higher.  WSJT-X works OK with the noise
> level set anywhere between about 20 dB (rms=10) and 60 dB (rms=1000).
Hi Joe & all,

so it will be interesting to for Mike to report back what difference he 
sees now he has removed what appeared to be ~60dB digital attenuation 
from his system and probably a downstream ~60dB digital gain to compensate.

I will try and summarise a couple of points:

a) having the ADC clipping due to excessive audio level is bad, once the 
sampling circuit is driven to the maximum count it is no longer linear 
and cannot express the cumulation of the many cosine waves that are the 
signals and noise. Jim points out that the peak levels from radio 
receivers are often impulses so the slow modes like JT9 and JT65 are 
very tolerant of short duration sampling non-linearities but we are 
still better off without them. We should strive to feed just enough 
audio level to the ADC but not too much.

b) Joe points out that the one LSB quantization error of the ADC is 
swamped by the receiver and band noise but if we have our input audio 
level to low and have to apply digital gain after sampling to get a 
usable signal then for every dB of digital gain applied we are 
increasing that quantization error by the same amount. That's is OK up 
to the point where the quantization error is no longer buried in the 
noise, then a threshold is crossed and the wanted signals have their 
signal to noise ratio reduced.

73
Bill
G4WJS.

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