The draft standard has some standards for dynamic markings between the !...!, as a modifier on a chord much like the chord symbol (which is enclosed in quotes).  It's also possible to 'abuse' the chord notation ("...") to place dynamics below notes, but that doesn't really do it for things like crescendos.   (fwiw iabc will eventually honor both these.)

abc2midi honors some proprietary midi volume notations in comment lines.  See the rendition of Beethoven's 7th on the abc homepage for examples.

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