Hi Terry,

> My main PC (Dell Optiplex 790) seems to have suffered a fairly major 
> boot problem.  I have uploaded some screenshots to 
> https://www.hadrian-way.co.uk/Misc/ so that you can see what is going on:
>
>   * At first boot, I get the display shown at MG20251214070339.jpg
>     (Purple screen with Kernel Panic and other info).
>   * If I reboot, I get the boot choice display, with an option to go to
>     Advanced Options, see MG20251214084417.jpg. Here I can get various
>     results:
>       o I can hit select the current kernel which gives me the screen as
>         above or:

>       o I can select the current kernel (recovery mode). That gives me
>         MG20251214070056.jpg

Given the error message in
https://www.hadrian-way.co.uk/Misc/IMG20251214070056.jpg I found
https://dev.to/dm8ry/fixing-the-kernel-panic-not-syncing-vfs-unable-to-mount-root-fs-on-unknown-block00-error-3ado
and
https://askubuntu.com/questions/41930/kernel-panic-not-syncing-vfs-unable-to-mount-root-fs-on-unknown-block0-0
which both give the same diagnosis with a suggested fix.  Though I don't
recall enough off the top of my head to vet the fix.

> but the SMART report on the two discs show nothing untoward (see
> reports in the above location).

I see:

    https://www.hadrian-way.co.uk/Misc/SDA1_SMART_Report.htm
    234  Unrecoverable ECC Count  539 sectors

    https://www.hadrian-way.co.uk/Misc/SDA2_SMART_Report.htm
    234  Unrecoverable ECC Count  52,934 sectors

The second looks high to me.  Of particular interest would be the rate
of change, but you'd need a history of results to grep those out.

I like Tim's suggestion: boot from another media, and run checks on the
two drives.  Also, filesystems like ext4 can have a ‘run fsck every
N mounts’ setting.  That's often set quite high.  If you don't mind
slowing down booting, it can be tuned lower so problems are spotted sooner
when they may need just a stich in time.  See tune2fs(8)'s -c and -C.

-- 
Cheers, Ralph.

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