Re: Debian 12 System Requirement

[Marco Moock]

Am 23.01.2024 um 04:09:14 Uhr schrieb CHENG YING KIT KEITH:

> Can I install Debian 11 or 12 with "Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2699 v3 @
> 2.30GHz" CPU?

The amd64 images support that processor.

Re: Looking for archive management system for backups burned to optical discs

[David Christensen]

On 1/22/24 20:30, Charles Curley wrote:

On Mon, 22 Jan 2024 18:27:51 -0800
David Christensen  wrote:


debian-user:

I have a SOHO file server with ~1 TB of data.  I would like archive
the data by burning it to a series of optical discs organized by time
(e.g. mtime).  I expect to periodically burn additional discs in the
future, each covering a span of time from the previous last disc to
the then-current time.


I am looking for FOSS software for Unix platforms that goes beyond a
disc burner with multi-volume spanning.  The term "archive management
system" comes to mind.


Comments or suggestions?


gene heskett 's suggestion of Amanda is a good
one. It has its kinks, but is solid and reliable. Amanda also handles
compression and encryption for you. I currently use Amanda to back up
to a RAID array. I then use rsnapshot to back portions of that
(including the Amanda virtual tapes) to one of three rotating off-site
USB external drives. I suspect the latter could be adapted to your
requirements.

If you don't find anything readily available, I'd look at using find
and the mtimes to copy to a holding disk, which you can then burn to
archive media.

I suggest you look at Blu-Ray for archiving.



Thank you for the reply.  :-)


David

Re: Looking for archive management system for backups burned to opticaldiscs

[David Christensen]

On 1/22/24 19:44, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/22/24 21:28, David Christensen wrote:

debian-user:

I have a SOHO file server with ~1 TB of data.  I would like archive 
the data by burning it to a series of optical discs organized by time 
(e.g. mtime).  I expect to periodically burn additional discs in the 
future, each covering a span of time from the previous last disc to 
the then-current time.



I am looking for FOSS software for Unix platforms that goes beyond a 
disc burner with multi-volume spanning.  The term "archive management 
system" comes to mind.



Comments or suggestions?


Take a look at amanda, although the optical is not on my radar because 
of the low capacity of a dvd at 4.7gigs.  Amanda can use an lvm for 
v-disks, which if you want say 60 days back as bare metal recover, would 
actually be the contents of 60 directories in that lvm, allowing any 
file up to 60 days old to be recovered.


Here, with all my machine on my local network, and before I started with 
3d printers which need maybe 30 gigabyte of gcode to drive the printers 
to make one complex part, 5 machines backed up for 60 days, was filling 
a 1T drive to around 87%. So I bought 2 2T seagates, got buster 
installed and everything running smoothly. Installed buster on oe drive, 
configure amanda to use the other.  3 or 4 weeks later, both of those 
seagates dropped off the sata controller in the night, and I rebuilt 
with SSD's and bookworm which has been the disaster you all have been 
trying to help me with since, but its not running well enough to be 
worth reinventing my amanda setup which just grew since about 1999.


Amanda was developed for use with qic or thereabouts tapes so its prime 
directive is to juggle the backup levels to fully fill the tape(s) while 
doing a level0 on everything withing the time limit in days between 
level0's. It can use a tape library of however many tapes the library 
contains. Bring big red wagonloads of cash for those.  But I gave up on 
tapes 15 years ago, they simply weren't dependable enough, while 
spinning rust, never shut down can sit there and spin for 50,000+ hours, 
they've done it for me.


The 1T I took out, a cheap 5400 rev barracuda, had just under 70,000 
spinning hours on it with maybe 40 power downs on it, when I retired it 
cuz it was getting too small, for the 2T that lasted less than a month.


In spinning rust, power downs are the drive killers, so spin them up and 
leave them spinning, the heads aren't wearing while they are flying on 3 
microns of air between the head and the platter.
Set it up right, and amanda will have your back till the place is a few 
inches of ashes.  And you can set to cycle the storage drive(s) offsite, 
exchanging them weekly or monthly, what ever you're comfortable with. 
That adds to the powerdown count however so I never did that.



Thank you for the reply.  :-)


David

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[David Christensen]

On 1/22/24 19:55, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/22/24 21:59, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/22/24 18:44, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/22/24 18:46, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/22/24 11:31, gene heskett wrote:
How does an 8T backup server sound for another $200 in hdwe?  Very 
enticing and I do have the sheckel's.


What hardware?

I clicked on place order, for a 7 port powered usb3 hub, and a 6 pack 
of some sort of 2T SSD's that comes as a usb-c drive, skipping the 
sata convertor entirely at $27/copy. If it works as an 8T lvm with a 
2T holding disk from 5 of them, fine, else it is experience, which 
according to TANSTAAFL, costs money.  Typical of amazon, though the 
drives will be drop shipped from China, arriving Feb. 1 at earliest.


UNK is if the drives come with an A to C cable, 6" long would be 
sufficient.


URL's?


hub:





Okay.



2T ssd's:





Please use a tool to confirm that the drives actually store 2 TB when 
you receive them.



David

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Andy Smith]

Hi,

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 10:59:55PM +0100, Miroslav Skoric wrote:
> On 1/22/24 6:59 PM, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> > On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 03:40:06PM +, Alain D D Williams wrote:
> > > On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 10:29:55AM -0500, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> > > > lvreduce --size -50G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home
> > > 
> > > Oh, even better. It is a long time since I looked at than man page.
> > > 
> > > Does this still need to be done with the file system unmounted or can it 
> > > be
> > > done with an active file system these days ?
> > 
> > You have first to shrink the file system (if it's ext4, you can use
> > resize2fs: note that you can only *grow* an ext4 which is mounted
> > (called "online resizing) -- to *shrink* it, it has to be unmounted.
> > 
> 
> I will check it again but I think that file systems in that LVM are ext3. So
> it requires all of them to be unmounted prior to resizing ?

ext filesystems do need to be unmounted when shrinking them (they can
grow online, though). When you use the --resizefs (-r) option, LVM asks
you if you wish to unmount. Obviously you cannot do that on a
fiulesystme which is in use, which means you'll need a live or rescue
environment to do it for the root filesystem.

I'd shrink what else I could and then see where I am at. It's okay to do
them one at a time. LVM will just not do it if there's a problem.
Another thing I sometimes do in these situations is make a new LV and
move some of the things in / out into it where possible, to free up some
more space on /.

Thanks,
Andy

-- 
https://bitfolk.com/ -- No-nonsense VPS hosting

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[tomas]

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 10:59:55PM +0100, Miroslav Skoric wrote:

[...]

> That last resize2fs (without params) would not work here, or at least it
> would not work for my three file systems that need to be extended: / , /usr
> , and /var . Maybe to extend each of them separately like this:
> 
> lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-root
> lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-usr
> lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-var

Ah, I didn't know of lvextend's --resizefs option. It seems lvreduce
has same. Their man pages refer to fsadm for that which is short in
details.

Still, yes, you have to unmount ext2/ext3/ext4 to reduce their sizes
(you can "grow" them while mounted).

Lvadm has an option to do that for you, no idea whether lvextend
or lvreduce can pass it to lvadm via the --resizefs option.

Cheers
-- 
t


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

Re: Debian 12 System Requirement

[Gareth Evans]

Hi Keith,

The versions of Nginx and MariaDB in Debian 12 are those you quoted below.

The current version of PHP is 8.2.  If you particularly need 8.2.7 this could 
be containerised.

Information on Debian packages is available from

https://www.debian.org/distrib/packages

Debian 12 is the current "stable" distribution, which is the default option 
when searching.

Best wishes,
Gareth


On Tue 23/01/2024 at 04:09, CHENG YING KIT KEITH  wrote:
> Dear Colleagues,
>  
> Can I install Debian 11 or 12 with “Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2699 v3 @ 
> 2.30GHz” CPU?
> Do they both support the following application
> Nginx 1.22.1
> PHP 8.2.7
> Mariadb 10.11.4
> 
> On the other hand, may I know the minimum requirement of Debian 11 and 12?
>  
> Best Regards,
> **Keith Cheng** | Officer (IT)/HQIP
> Tel: 3907 6721 | Fax: 3165 1106
>  

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[Karl Vogel]

>> On 1/22/24 11:31, gene heskett wrote:

G> How does an 8T backup server sound for another $200 in hdwe?  Very
G> enticing and I do have the sheckel's.

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07CQJBSQL
Seagate Desktop 8TB external Hard Drive, 3.5 Inch, USB 3.0 STGY8000400
$168.18

What if you buy two, use one for a complete backup and the other for
incrementals or differentials?  (I know, more than $200...)

-- 
Karl Vogel  I don't speak for anyone but myself

I yam Popeye of Borg.  You will be askimilgrated.

Re: Debian 12 System Requirement

[Charles Curley]

On Tue, 23 Jan 2024 04:09:14 +
CHENG YING KIT KEITH  wrote:

> Dear Colleagues,
> 
> Can I install Debian 11 or 12 with "Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2699 v3 @
> 2.30GHz" CPU? Do they both support the following application
> 
> Nginx 1.22.1
> PHP 8.2.7
> Mariadb 10.11.4

Debian 11 comes with php 7.4. Debian 12 comes with 8.2.7, specifically

root@hawk:~# php --version
PHP 8.2.7 (cli) (built: Jun  9 2023 19:37:27) (NTS)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.2.7, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.2.7, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
root@hawk:~# 

mariadb-server: Version: 1:10.11.4-1~deb12u1

nginx: Version: 1.22.1-9

Given that, and another consideration, I will suggest you use Debian
12. The other consideration is that Debian 11 will reach end of life
before Debian 12 will, so you are better future-proofed with Debian 12.

> 
> On the other hand, may I know the minimum requirement of Debian 11
> and 12?

https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/ch02.en.html

Note that those are often minimal requirements; your application, not
Debian, will likely determine your minimum requirements.

You should probably read the installation guide,
https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/index.en.html

You can get more information on specific packages at
https://www.debian.org/distrib/packages


-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

Re: Powered USB hub [was: Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, needsyntax help]

[gene heskett]

On 1/22/24 23:10, Max Nikulin wrote:

On 23/01/2024 10:55, gene heskett wrote:

hub:




Purchasing a powered USB hub, I made a mistake. I have not checked 
compatibility with hubctl in advance.

https://github.com/mvp/uhubctl/

.

A valuable tool indeed, bookmarked FFR.  Thank you Max.
Take care, stay warm, dry and well.

Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: I've an editable .pdf form I need to fill out

[gene heskett]

On 1/22/24 23:05, David Wright wrote:

On Sun 21 Jan 2024 at 14:50:59 (-0500), gene heskett wrote:

On 1/21/24 14:29, John Hasler wrote:

Klaus writes:

Did you notice, that I was talking about the reduced, crippled OpenSource
browser: chromium


I wrote:

In what way is it crippled?


Gene writes:

Port 80 has been hijacked. You cannot send it to monitor your own web
page at http://localhost:80, but the result is a 403 because google
doesn't know WTH to do with localhost...


Why would that cause a permissions (403) error?


I just tried that. No hijacking: works fine.

It was also true here using the file:// prefix, trying look at the
html versions of the man pages in /usr/share/local/docs.


I don't understand why a file:// prefix would test whether port 80 worked.
Port 80 is for http:// isn't it?


Firefox-esr
can use that syntax just fine.


Which syntax, the one in your previous sentence or the one in your
previous post?


Where the difference be?


Between what and what? You never seem to quote what you actually
put in the address bar together with what the outcome was.


which is why with my fading short term memory I generally copy/paste, 
including the bash prompts so you know its copy/paste but even then you 
question me. As for the file:// and :80, I'm not that forgetfull, I 
copy/pasted the rest of that files address from a previous ls output.
On pressing enter it went to a google search and of course did not find 
it, but a repeat into less worked (I hate trying to read html) and 
firefox-esr Just Worked.  As for armbian, in recent history it has used 
debian repo's or unbuntu jammie repos. I just rechecked, that one is 
running the arm64 version of Jammy so the chromium formerly installed 
came from jammy.


Take care, stay warm, dry and well


Cheers,
David.

.


Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Debian 12 System Requirement

[CHENG YING KIT KEITH]

Dear Colleagues,

Can I install Debian 11 or 12 with "Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2699 v3 @ 2.30GHz" 
CPU?
Do they both support the following application

Nginx 1.22.1
PHP 8.2.7
Mariadb 10.11.4

On the other hand, may I know the minimum requirement of Debian 11 and 12?

Best Regards,
Keith Cheng | Officer (IT)/HQIP
Tel: 3907 6721 | Fax: 3165 1106

Re: Looking for archive management system for backups burned to optical discs

[Charles Curley]

On Mon, 22 Jan 2024 18:27:51 -0800
David Christensen  wrote:

> debian-user:
> 
> I have a SOHO file server with ~1 TB of data.  I would like archive
> the data by burning it to a series of optical discs organized by time
> (e.g. mtime).  I expect to periodically burn additional discs in the
> future, each covering a span of time from the previous last disc to
> the then-current time.
> 
> 
> I am looking for FOSS software for Unix platforms that goes beyond a 
> disc burner with multi-volume spanning.  The term "archive management 
> system" comes to mind.
> 
> 
> Comments or suggestions?

gene heskett 's suggestion of Amanda is a good
one. It has its kinks, but is solid and reliable. Amanda also handles
compression and encryption for you. I currently use Amanda to back up
to a RAID array. I then use rsnapshot to back portions of that
(including the Amanda virtual tapes) to one of three rotating off-site
USB external drives. I suspect the latter could be adapted to your
requirements.

If you don't find anything readily available, I'd look at using find
and the mtimes to copy to a holding disk, which you can then burn to
archive media.

I suggest you look at Blu-Ray for archiving.


-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

Powered USB hub [was: Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help]

[Max Nikulin]

On 23/01/2024 10:55, gene heskett wrote:

hub:




Purchasing a powered USB hub, I made a mistake. I have not checked 
compatibility with hubctl in advance.

https://github.com/mvp/uhubctl/

Re: I've an editable .pdf form I need to fill out

[David Wright]

On Sun 21 Jan 2024 at 14:50:59 (-0500), gene heskett wrote:
> On 1/21/24 14:29, John Hasler wrote:
> > Klaus writes:
> > > Did you notice, that I was talking about the reduced, crippled OpenSource
> > > browser: chromium
> > 
> > I wrote:
> > > In what way is it crippled?
> > 
> > Gene writes:
> > > Port 80 has been hijacked. You cannot send it to monitor your own web
> > > page at http://localhost:80, but the result is a 403 because google
> > > doesn't know WTH to do with localhost...

Why would that cause a permissions (403) error?

> > I just tried that. No hijacking: works fine.
> It was also true here using the file:// prefix, trying look at the
> html versions of the man pages in /usr/share/local/docs.

I don't understand why a file:// prefix would test whether port 80 worked.
Port 80 is for http:// isn't it?

> Firefox-esr
> can use that syntax just fine.

Which syntax, the one in your previous sentence or the one in your
previous post?

> Where the difference be?

Between what and what? You never seem to quote what you actually
put in the address bar together with what the outcome was.

Cheers,
David.

Re: keyboard buttons

[David Wright]

On Mon 22 Jan 2024 at 11:43:36 (-0600), Mike McClain wrote:
> On my keyboard there are some buttons in the top right corner above
> the number pad. one marked with  circle with an x over it, one with a
> moon the third with analarm clock ringing.
> Wondering what they were and how they were handled I typed
> 'Control v' in bash on the command line then the button with the Xed
> out circle. Much to my chagrin my computer shutdown while I had files
> open for editing. OOPs.
> I think I now know what those buttons do but am wondering if there
> is a way to disable them short of dismantling the keyboard.
> 
> mike@DevuanPI4b:~> uname -a
> Linux MikesDevuanPI 6.1.70 #1 SMP PREEMPT Sun Jan  7 04:13:59 CET 2024
> aarch64 GNU/Linux
> 
> I'm now on a Raspberry PI running Devuan but also run Debian on a
> different PI and MS Windows 2000 on a Pentium based tower.
> 
> Bumping one of those buttons and inadvertently killing the system
> while in the midst of a task is something I'd like to avoid,
> 
> Be well and Thanks for any suggestions,

You could try running:

  $ xmodmap -e 'keycode 124=' # to override XF86PowerOff

  $ xmodmap -e 'keycode 150=' # to override XF86Sleep

  $ xmodmap -e 'keycode 151=' # to override XF86WakeUp perhaps.

Perhaps don't redefine XF86WakeUp until XF86Sleep is overridden.

Cheers,
David.

Re: ThinkPad Extra Buttons as /devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/input/input16

[David Wright]

On Mon 22 Jan 2024 at 07:40:00 (+0100), Geert Stappers wrote:
> On Sun, Jan 21, 2024 at 04:34:23PM -0600, David Wright wrote:
> > On Sun 21 Jan 2024 at 22:41:01 (+0100), Geert Stappers wrote:
> > > Pressing "Function key with symbol of computer sending signal" has no
> > > effect. Which could be caused by the horrible state of keyboard.
> > > When keyboard is needed, is an USB-attached keyboard needed. Usual use
> > > case of the laptop is "headless server, server with SSH access".
> > 
> > I'm not sure what you mean by horrible state.
> 
> That the laptop has a worndown (usage damaged) keyboard. [1]
> 
> > > So I'm ask if 
> > >   export KEYCODE=42
> > >   echo $KEYCODE > /devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/input/input16
> > > could cause "wlan radio enable"? Or should KEYCODE be another magic 
> > > number?
> > 
> > FWIW my wifi hardware button's keycode is 246.
> 
> How was that keycode found?

By running xev and pressing the button, which is on the front edge
of the laptop. Having the button there is really inconvenient, as
it's easy for a belt buckle or such to accidentally press it.
In theory, that should be easily noticed, as the button is translucent
and illuminated when wifi is connected (and flashes when attempting
to connect). However, the light is not consistent in behaviour.

But another suggestion comes from a more modern laptop, which has
an aeroplane Fn-key (action/hot key), and that uses 255.

So that's 246 / XF86WLAN   on an old laptop with a physical button,
and   255 / XF86RFKill on a newer laptop with a Fn-key.

[ … ]

> Back to "send key code".

One can but try. Did you check the BIOS, BTW?

$ xmodmap -pk or -pke will print what keycodes are available,
but I don't claim to know how all this stuff works (if it does).

Cheers,
David.

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[gene heskett]

On 1/22/24 21:59, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/22/24 18:44, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/22/24 18:46, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/22/24 11:31, gene heskett wrote:
How does an 8T backup server sound for another $200 in hdwe?  Very 
enticing and I do have the sheckel's.


What hardware?

I clicked on place order, for a 7 port powered usb3 hub, and a 6 pack 
of some sort of 2T SSD's that comes as a usb-c drive, skipping the 
sata convertor entirely at $27/copy. If it works as an 8T lvm with a 
2T holding disk from 5 of them, fine, else it is experience, which 
according to TANSTAAFL, costs money.  Typical of amazon, though the 
drives will be drop shipped from China, arriving Feb. 1 at earliest.


UNK is if the drives come with an A to C cable, 6" long would be 
sufficient.



URL's?


hub:



2T ssd's:




David


.


Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[Stefan Monnier]

> some sort of 2T SSD's that comes as a usb-c drive, skipping the sata
> convertor entirely at $27/copy. If it works as an 8T lvm with a 2T holding

AFAIK 2T for $27 doesn't exist yet in the current real world.
You can find a fair number of creatively sized USB disks in that price
range, but they are lying (tho admittedly, they tend to lye in a more
obvious way with claimed capacities of 30TB or even more).

This doesn't pass my scam detector.  I hope it's wrong for once.


Stefan

Re: Looking for archive management system for backups burned to opticaldiscs

[gene heskett]

On 1/22/24 21:28, David Christensen wrote:

debian-user:

I have a SOHO file server with ~1 TB of data.  I would like archive the 
data by burning it to a series of optical discs organized by time (e.g. 
mtime).  I expect to periodically burn additional discs in the future, 
each covering a span of time from the previous last disc to the 
then-current time.



I am looking for FOSS software for Unix platforms that goes beyond a 
disc burner with multi-volume spanning.  The term "archive management 
system" comes to mind.



Comments or suggestions?


Take a look at amanda, although the optical is not on my radar because 
of the low capacity of a dvd at 4.7gigs.  Amanda can use an lvm for 
v-disks, which if you want say 60 days back as bare metal recover, would 
actually be the contents of 60 directories in that lvm, allowing any 
file up to 60 days old to be recovered.


Here, with all my machine on my local network, and before I started with 
3d printers which need maybe 30 gigabyte of gcode to drive the printers 
to make one complex part, 5 machines backed up for 60 days, was filling 
a 1T drive to around 87%. So I bought 2 2T seagates, got buster 
installed and everything running smoothly. Installed buster on oe drive, 
configure amanda to use the other.  3 or 4 weeks later, both of those 
seagates dropped off the sata controller in the night, and I rebuilt 
with SSD's and bookworm which has been the disaster you all have been 
trying to help me with since, but its not running well enough to be 
worth reinventing my amanda setup which just grew since about 1999.


Amanda was developed for use with qic or thereabouts tapes so its prime 
directive is to juggle the backup levels to fully fill the tape(s) while 
doing a level0 on everything withing the time limit in days between 
level0's. It can use a tape library of however many tapes the library 
contains. Bring big red wagonloads of cash for those.  But I gave up on 
tapes 15 years ago, they simply weren't dependable enough, while 
spinning rust, never shut down can sit there and spin for 50,000+ hours, 
they've done it for me.


The 1T I took out, a cheap 5400 rev barracuda, had just under 70,000 
spinning hours on it with maybe 40 power downs on it, when I retired it 
cuz it was getting too small, for the 2T that lasted less than a month.


In spinning rust, power downs are the drive killers, so spin them up and 
leave them spinning, the heads aren't wearing while they are flying on 3 
microns of air between the head and the platter.
Set it up right, and amanda will have your back till the place is a few 
inches of ashes.  And you can set to cycle the storage drive(s) offsite, 
exchanging them weekly or monthly, what ever you're comfortable with. 
That adds to the powerdown count however so I never did that.



David

Take care, stay warm, dry and well, David.


.


Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[David Christensen]

On 1/22/24 18:44, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/22/24 18:46, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/22/24 11:31, gene heskett wrote:
How does an 8T backup server sound for another $200 in hdwe?  Very 
enticing and I do have the sheckel's.


What hardware?

I clicked on place order, for a 7 port powered usb3 hub, and a 6 pack of 
some sort of 2T SSD's that comes as a usb-c drive, skipping the sata 
convertor entirely at $27/copy. If it works as an 8T lvm with a 2T 
holding disk from 5 of them, fine, else it is experience, which 
according to TANSTAAFL, costs money.  Typical of amazon, though the 
drives will be drop shipped from China, arriving Feb. 1 at earliest.


UNK is if the drives come with an A to C cable, 6" long would be 
sufficient.



URL's?


David

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough"Printing

[gene heskett]

On 1/22/24 20:52, phoebus phoebus wrote:

  Hello,



You now want to replace of the components, but since it's very dependent
on the rest of the system, you are having a hard time finding a
replacement. It's even difficult to describe the requirements, because
it's something really unusual.

So: have you considering replacing the whole system?

Sure, in the short term it will be costly.

It'll be difficult, and cause disruptions. The users will have to be
trained in the new system, productivity will decrease a little until
they get proficient in it, there might be the need for some downtime, etc.

So I totally understand that what I'm proposing is not something easy to
ask. But given that the difficulty you are having in replacing this one
component will likely be repeated when some other part needs to be
changed, I do not think it's entirely unreasonable that this option is
studied.



I completely understand your point of view and I agree that the decision to 
replace the entire system is a complex matter. However, it is not within the 
scope of our project team. It is indeed a strategic decision that falls under 
the purview of the company's leadership. Our role is limited to working on the 
Unix/Linux part of the project and ensuring that we adhere to the schedule, 
budget, and business functionalities defined by the leadership. If such a 
decision were to be considered, it would involve broader considerations that go 
beyond our technical responsibilities. We (aka projects team) are here to 
contribute to the project's success within the framework of the directives 
provided to us.


How about "Replace a locked-in solution with an fully open source
[hopefully] solution"?

It definitely looks like there is no ready open source solution to the
component the OP wants to replace. It might be possible to adapt an
existing terminal emulator to include the necessary functionality,
solving the immediate problem, but the next part that they want to
replace might end up with the same problem.


Certainly, that could certainly be a viable option, but from my perspective, it 
would look more like a future project that the leadership might consider 
launching in a few years. Currently, my focus is on completing the current 
project, which falls within my current responsibilities.



"Xterm 216" is unclear for me.


PuTTY documentation in 4.4.3 Changing the action of the function keys and keypad explain 
it by "In Xterm 216 mode, the unshifted function keys behave the same as Xterm R6 
mode. But pressing a function key together with Shift or Alt or Ctrl generates a 
different sequence containing an extra numeric parameter of the form (1 for Shift) + (2 
for Alt) + (4 for Ctrl) + 1. For F1-F4, the basic sequences like ESC OP become ESC 
[1;bitmapP and similar; for F5 and above, ESC[index~ becomes ESC[index;bitmap~. "



The things missing there are "escape sequence to start sending stuff
via serial port to the printer" and "send everything coming from the
serial port to the app".

I envision a small program in the middle of all spawning an SSH,
opening the serial port and running in an xterm (so your ssh is
just wrapped in that process).


My limited knowledge of Expect (session login script automation) had led me to 
believe that Expect would not do the job, but I was wrong. Since Expect can be 
capable of detecting escape sequences and sending back data to the terminal 
based on these sequences. So, Expect can be used to monitor the output of a 
terminal, detect specific patterns, such as escape codes, and take actions 
accordingly, such as sending commands or interacting with the terminal.

The small program described in the previous proposal could indeed be the 
intermediate filter. The intermediate filter acts as a kind of mediator between 
the terminal emulator (in this case, SSH running in an xterm) and the serial 
printer, redirecting data appropriately.
In this scenario, the intermediate filter would be responsible for two main 
functions:
   Detecting escape sequences (as mentioned in the question) to know when to 
start redirecting data to the serial port of the printer.
  Taking data from the serial port of the printer and transmitting it to the 
terminal application (SSH in an xterm) seamlessly.
Thus, this small program could be considered as a component of the intermediate 
filter, ensuring smooth data management between the terminal emulator and the 
serial printer. The component could be expect or a C/python/tcl/perl program.

Regards,
Thierry


Or even bash which I have done in long past installs as part of 
procmail. Or wrappers for amanda.  You are finally beginning to get down 
to what you want to do, thank you.


.


Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[gene heskett]

On 1/22/24 18:46, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/22/24 11:31, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/22/24 12:54, David Christensen wrote:
Perhaps it is time to switch to another backup system, or build your 
own.

..
That I'm contemplating, using a pi clone but still running the amanda 
I just installed all 3 debs of on a bananapi-m5. 



Okay.


How does an 8T backup server sound for another $200 in hdwe?  Very 
enticing and I do have the sheckel's.



What hardware?

I clicked on place order, for a 7 port powered usb3 hub, and a 6 pack of 
some sort of 2T SSD's that comes as a usb-c drive, skipping the sata 
convertor entirely at $27/copy. If it works as an 8T lvm with a 2T 
holding disk from 5 of them, fine, else it is experience, which 
according to TANSTAAFL, costs money.  Typical of amazon, though the 
drives will be drop shipped from China, arriving Feb. 1 at earliest.


UNK is if the drives come with an A to C cable, 6" long would be sufficient.

Take care, stay warm, dry & well, David.

Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: OT: Is there any size limit for ISO's?

[gene heskett]

On 1/22/24 16:30, Hans wrote:

Hi Thomas,


Anyways, 32 GB of size should not be a problem.


Ok. size does not matter



When the stick is booting, first appear the usual text messages,




The first message is the boot prompt. Then the usual messages· PCI found and so
on.

Last message is, that a new USB device is found, then the screen goes blank. I
can make some snapshots of a video, by interest.


From a C.E.T., probably not needed. If the found usb hub has something 
plugged in, the port power will be enabled in order to investigate what 
it might be, and if its usb bus powered, might draw too much, triggering 
an under voltage protective shutdown, test by externally powering 
whatever is plugged in, or unplugging it to remove that load.  If 
nothing is/was plugged in, its likely something else unrelated.



Can you determine the origin of the last visible messages ?


Yes, see above.

BIOS/EFI ?


The BIOS is without EFI.


Boot loader (GRUB or ISOLINUX/SYSLINUX) ?


Bootloader is grub, the image is an image from kali linux. The big size comes
from a virtualbox image inside for windows 10. (the vmdk is smaller than 4GB,
so bootcdwrite got not into problems).


Linux ?


Yes, KALI Linux, which is Debian based.

Debian installation software ?


vers close to.


Is Virtualbox using the same BIOS type as the real machine ?
I mean EFI versus Legacy BIOS aka CSM mode.


Yes, it uses legacy bios.



Is the USB stick large enough for the image ?


Yes, it is. The image is about 32 GB big, the USB-stick is 64GB. Should fit
very well. The last ISO working was baout 12GB and fit on a 32GB stick.


Can dd read the whole image back from the USB stick ?



Yes, it can. I tried also dd with option bs=1, so to install bitwise, just to
make clear everything is copied.


   # Set variable blocks to image file size divided by 2048
   blocks=...
   # Set variable stick to device file address of the USB stick
   stick=...

   dd if="$stick" bs=2048 count="$blocks" | md5sum


I already tried thzis, too. 1024, 2048 and 4096, and of course 1.


If no i/o error is reported by dd, compute the MD5 sum of the image file
and compare both.



Already did, comarision was ok.


It's not impossible. Especially if the stick hardware has problems.
But depending on the origin of the last visible message there is also
a chance that boot loader or Linux derail because of buggy file content
in the elsewise healthy ISO.



This stick is new. However, the stck I used before, was another distributor. I
changed the stick, because the former stick I used before, died after about
10th or 12th installing of the iso.


Have a nice day :)


Same to you!

Best

Hans


Thomas





.


Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Looking for archive management system for backups burned to optical discs

[David Christensen]

debian-user:

I have a SOHO file server with ~1 TB of data.  I would like archive the 
data by burning it to a series of optical discs organized by time (e.g. 
mtime).  I expect to periodically burn additional discs in the future, 
each covering a span of time from the previous last disc to the 
then-current time.



I am looking for FOSS software for Unix platforms that goes beyond a 
disc burner with multi-volume spanning.  The term "archive management 
system" comes to mind.



Comments or suggestions?


David

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough" Printing

[phoebus phoebus]

 Hello,


> You now want to replace of the components, but since it's very dependent
> on the rest of the system, you are having a hard time finding a
> replacement. It's even difficult to describe the requirements, because
> it's something really unusual.
>
> So: have you considering replacing the whole system?
>
> Sure, in the short term it will be costly.
>
> It'll be difficult, and cause disruptions. The users will have to be
> trained in the new system, productivity will decrease a little until
> they get proficient in it, there might be the need for some downtime, etc.
>
> So I totally understand that what I'm proposing is not something easy to
> ask. But given that the difficulty you are having in replacing this one
> component will likely be repeated when some other part needs to be
> changed, I do not think it's entirely unreasonable that this option is
> studied.


I completely understand your point of view and I agree that the decision to 
replace the entire system is a complex matter. However, it is not within the 
scope of our project team. It is indeed a strategic decision that falls under 
the purview of the company's leadership. Our role is limited to working on the 
Unix/Linux part of the project and ensuring that we adhere to the schedule, 
budget, and business functionalities defined by the leadership. If such a 
decision were to be considered, it would involve broader considerations that go 
beyond our technical responsibilities. We (aka projects team) are here to 
contribute to the project's success within the framework of the directives 
provided to us.

> How about "Replace a locked-in solution with an fully open source
> [hopefully] solution"?
>
> It definitely looks like there is no ready open source solution to the
> component the OP wants to replace. It might be possible to adapt an
> existing terminal emulator to include the necessary functionality,
> solving the immediate problem, but the next part that they want to
> replace might end up with the same problem.

Certainly, that could certainly be a viable option, but from my perspective, it 
would look more like a future project that the leadership might consider 
launching in a few years. Currently, my focus is on completing the current 
project, which falls within my current responsibilities.


> "Xterm 216" is unclear for me.

PuTTY documentation in 4.4.3 Changing the action of the function keys and 
keypad explain it by "In Xterm 216 mode, the unshifted function keys behave the 
same as Xterm R6 mode. But pressing a function key together with Shift or Alt 
or Ctrl generates a different sequence containing an extra numeric parameter of 
the form (1 for Shift) + (2 for Alt) + (4 for Ctrl) + 1. For F1-F4, the basic 
sequences like ESC OP become ESC [1;bitmapP and similar; for F5 and above, 
ESC[index~ becomes ESC[index;bitmap~. "


> The things missing there are "escape sequence to start sending stuff
> via serial port to the printer" and "send everything coming from the
> serial port to the app".
>
> I envision a small program in the middle of all spawning an SSH,
> opening the serial port and running in an xterm (so your ssh is
> just wrapped in that process).

My limited knowledge of Expect (session login script automation) had led me to 
believe that Expect would not do the job, but I was wrong. Since Expect can be 
capable of detecting escape sequences and sending back data to the terminal 
based on these sequences. So, Expect can be used to monitor the output of a 
terminal, detect specific patterns, such as escape codes, and take actions 
accordingly, such as sending commands or interacting with the terminal.

The small program described in the previous proposal could indeed be the 
intermediate filter. The intermediate filter acts as a kind of mediator between 
the terminal emulator (in this case, SSH running in an xterm) and the serial 
printer, redirecting data appropriately.
In this scenario, the intermediate filter would be responsible for two main 
functions:
  Detecting escape sequences (as mentioned in the question) to know when to 
start redirecting data to the serial port of the printer.
 Taking data from the serial port of the printer and transmitting it to the 
terminal application (SSH in an xterm) seamlessly.
Thus, this small program could be considered as a component of the intermediate 
filter, ensuring smooth data management between the terminal emulator and the 
serial printer. The component could be expect or a C/python/tcl/perl program.

Regards,
Thierry

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[David Christensen]

On 1/22/24 11:31, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/22/24 12:54, David Christensen wrote:

Perhaps it is time to switch to another backup system, or build your own.
..
That I'm contemplating, using a pi clone but still running the amanda I 
just installed all 3 debs of on a bananapi-m5. 



Okay.


How does an 8T backup 
server sound for another $200 in hdwe?  Very enticing and I do have the 
sheckel's.



What hardware?


David

Re: OT: Is there any size limit for ISO's?

[Stefan Monnier]

> Last message is, that a new USB device is found, then the screen goes
> blank.  I can make some snapshots of a video, by interest.

My crystal ball blames the video driver (presuming that the DRM module
for your video card is loaded around the same time as that USB device is
found).


Stefan

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Greg Wooledge]

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 10:41:57PM +0100, Miroslav Skoric wrote:
> As I need to extend & resize more than one LV in the file system (/, /usr,
> and /var), should they all need to be unmounted before the operation? As I
> remember, it is ext3 system on that comp.

What??  I don't think these words mean what you think they mean.

An LV is a logical volume, which is like a virtual partition.  It's a
block device, like /dev/sda2.  You can use an LV the same way you would
use a partition -- you can use it for swap space, or a file system, or
other purposes.

A file system is a mountable directory structure that you can put inside
a partition, or an LV.  File system types include ext4, ext3, xfs, vfat,
and so on.

If your system has separately mounted file systems for /, /usr and
/var and you want to shrink ALL of them, then yes, you would need to
unmount all three of them, shrink them, then (re)boot.  You can't
unmount / during normal operations, so the only ways to shrink / would
involved booting in a special way, either with some external medium,
or with specific kernel parameters.  Thus, you'd typically reboot to
get back to normal operations afterward.

However, if you're in a position where you think you need to make
dramatic changes to FOUR of your mounted file systems, perhaps you
might want to consider restarting from scratch.  Ponder why you have
separate file systems at all.  Are they really giving you a benefit?
Have you ever filled up one of them and thought "Oh wow, I am *so*
glad I separated these file systems so I didn't fill up ___ as well!"
Or are they just giving you grief with no benefits?

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Miroslav Skoric]

On 1/22/24 6:59 PM, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 03:40:06PM +, Alain D D Williams wrote:

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 10:29:55AM -0500, Stefan Monnier wrote:

lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home

Ie get lvextend to do the maths & work it out for me.

Those who are cleverer than me might be able to tell you how to get it right
first time!


lvreduce --size -50G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home


Oh, even better. It is a long time since I looked at than man page.

Does this still need to be done with the file system unmounted or can it be
done with an active file system these days ?


You have first to shrink the file system (if it's ext4, you can use
resize2fs: note that you can only *grow* an ext4 which is mounted
(called "online resizing) -- to *shrink* it, it has to be unmounted.



I will check it again but I think that file systems in that LVM are 
ext3. So it requires all of them to be unmounted prior to resizing ?



Since I wasn't quite sure whether ext2's Gs are the same as LVM's
and didn't want to bother with whatever clippings each process
takes, what I did in this situation was:

  - shrink (resize2fs) the file system to a size clearly below target
  - resize the LVM to my target size
  - resize2fs again without params, which lets it take whatever the
partition offers



That last resize2fs (without params) would not work here, or at least it 
would not work for my three file systems that need to be extended: / , 
/usr , and /var . Maybe to extend each of them separately like this:


lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-root
lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-usr
lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-var

?

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Miroslav Skoric]

On 1/22/24 4:40 PM, Alain D D Williams wrote:

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 10:29:55AM -0500, Stefan Monnier wrote:

lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home

Ie get lvextend to do the maths & work it out for me.

Those who are cleverer than me might be able to tell you how to get it right
first time!


lvreduce --size -50G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home


Oh, even better. It is a long time since I looked at than man page.

Does this still need to be done with the file system unmounted or can it be
done with an active file system these days ?



As I need to extend & resize more than one LV in the file system (/, 
/usr, and /var), should they all need to be unmounted before the 
operation? As I remember, it is ext3 system on that comp.

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Miroslav Skoric]

On 1/22/24 4:17 PM, Alain D D Williams wrote:

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 03:32:30PM +0100, sko...@uns.ac.rs wrote:

I am getting the following message at any boot:

"The volume "Filesystem root" has only 221.1 MB disk space remaining."

  df -h says:

Filesystem  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /dev
tmpfs   297M  9.0M  288M   4% /run
/dev/mapper/localhost-root  5.2G  4.7G  211M  96% /
/dev/mapper/localhost-usr14G   12G  948M  93% /usr
tmpfs   1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs   5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs   1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1   228M  133M   84M  62% /boot
/dev/mapper/localhost-tmp   2.3G   57K  2.2G   1% /tmp
/dev/mapper/localhost-var   2.7G  2.5G   55M  98% /var
/dev/mapper/localhost-home  257G   73G  172G  30% /home
tmpfs   297M   40K  297M   1% /run/user/1000

As my system has encrypted LVM, I suppose that I shall reduce some space
used for /home, and then use it to extend /, /usr, and /var logical
partitions. I think I did (or tried to do) something similar several years
ago, but forgot the proper procedure. Any link for a good tutorial is
welcomed. Thanks.


The shrinking of /home is the hard part. You MUST first unmount /home, then
resize the file system, then resize the logical volume.

umount /home

Find out how big it is:
resize2fs /dev/mapper/localhost-home

Change the filesystem size:
resize2fs /dev/mapper/localhost-home NEW-SIZE

Change the partition size:
lvextend --size 200G /dev/mapper/localhost-home

The hard bit is working out what NEW-SIZE should be and having it such
that you use all of the partition but without making the file system size
greater than the partition size - ie getting the last few megabytes right.

What I do is make NEW-SIZE 2GB smaller than I want (assuming that it still 
fits),
the size I give to lvextend 1GB smaller - so it all works, but there is wasted
space & it is not quite big enough. I then do:

lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home

Ie get lvextend to do the maths & work it out for me.

Those who are cleverer than me might be able to tell you how to get it right
first time!

mount /home

Extending the others is easy and can be done when the system is running &
active, something like:

lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-var

Finally: ensure that you have a good backup of /home before you start.



Sounds interesting. Thank you. Will see other opinions too.

Re: OT: Is there any size limit for ISO's?

[Hans]

Hi Thomas,

> Anyways, 32 GB of size should not be a problem.

Ok. size does not matter
> 
> > When the stick is booting, first appear the usual text messages,
> 

The first message is the boot prompt. Then the usual messages· PCI found and so 
on.

Last message is, that a new USB device is found, then the screen goes blank. I 
can make some snapshots of a video, by interest.

> Can you determine the origin of the last visible messages ?

Yes, see above.
> BIOS/EFI ?

The BIOS is without EFI.

> Boot loader (GRUB or ISOLINUX/SYSLINUX) ?

Bootloader is grub, the image is an image from kali linux. The big size comes 
from a virtualbox image inside for windows 10. (the vmdk is smaller than 4GB, 
so bootcdwrite got not into problems).

> Linux ?

Yes, KALI Linux, which is Debian based.
> Debian installation software ?

vers close to.
> 
> Is Virtualbox using the same BIOS type as the real machine ?
> I mean EFI versus Legacy BIOS aka CSM mode.
> 
Yes, it uses legacy bios. 

> 
> Is the USB stick large enough for the image ?

Yes, it is. The image is about 32 GB big, the USB-stick is 64GB. Should fit 
very well. The last ISO working was baout 12GB and fit on a 32GB stick.
> 
> Can dd read the whole image back from the USB stick ?
> 

Yes, it can. I tried also dd with option bs=1, so to install bitwise, just to 
make clear everything is copied.

>   # Set variable blocks to image file size divided by 2048
>   blocks=...
>   # Set variable stick to device file address of the USB stick
>   stick=...
> 
>   dd if="$stick" bs=2048 count="$blocks" | md5sum

I already tried thzis, too. 1024, 2048 and 4096, and of course 1.
> 
> If no i/o error is reported by dd, compute the MD5 sum of the image file
> and compare both.
> 

Already did, comarision was ok.

> It's not impossible. Especially if the stick hardware has problems.
> But depending on the origin of the last visible message there is also
> a chance that boot loader or Linux derail because of buggy file content
> in the elsewise healthy ISO.
> 

This stick is new. However, the stck I used before, was another distributor. I 
changed the stick, because the former stick I used before, died after about 
10th or 12th installing of the iso. 
> 
> Have a nice day :)
> 
Same to you!

Best 

Hans

> Thomas

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[Stefan Monnier]

> That I'm contemplating, using a pi clone but still running the amanda I just
> installed all 3 debs of on a bananapi-m5.  How does an 8T backup server
> sound for another $200 in hdwe?  Very enticing and I do have the sheckel's.

I remember Amanda fondly from the days when I was backing up a labs
machine to DATs.  And while I see the benefit of using a tool with which
you're familiar, you might want to look at alternatives like Bup, Borg,
Restic, Bupstash, ... (or even Rsync/Rsnapshot).

Amanda was designed specifically to work efficiently when backing up to
a tape device.  If, like most people nowadays, you backup to something
like an HDD or SSD, Amanda is IMO overly complex and slow and doesn't
give you as much functionality as more modern alternatives (alternatives
which simply wouldn't work when backing up to a tape).


Stefan

Re: OT: Is there any size limit for ISO's?

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

Hans wrote:
> does anyone know, if there is a limit of the size an iso may have?

With xorriso: 4 TiB = 4096 GiB.

An ISO 9660 filesystem may have 2 exp 32 data blocks. The usual block
size is 2 exp 11 = 2048 bytes. That would be 2 exp 43 = 8 TiB in total.
But xorriso uses libburn for writing and a poor design decision of
about 20 years ago lets it use signed int for block addresses.
So only 2 exp 31 blocks = 4 TiB are possible with libburn and xorriso.


> Background: I have a selfmade lifefile iso image, which was created by
> bootcdwrite. The size of the imagefile is about 32GB.

Looks like bootcd uses genisoimage for producing the ISO,
(https://tracker.debian.org/media/packages/b/bootcd/control-6.7)

Anyways, 32 GB of size should not be a problem.


> When the stick is booting, first appear the usual text messages,

Can you determine the origin of the last visible messages ?
BIOS/EFI ?
Boot loader (GRUB or ISOLINUX/SYSLINUX) ?
Linux ?
Debian installation software ?


> but then the screen goes blank and the further boot hangs.
> However, when I am booting this file (this iso-image) with Virtualbox,
> everything is working well.

Is Virtualbox using the same BIOS type as the real machine ?
I mean EFI versus Legacy BIOS aka CSM mode.


> Note: In earlier times I had a smaller image (about 8 GB), which booted
> perfectly.

Is the USB stick large enough for the image ?

Can dd read the whole image back from the USB stick ?

  # Set variable blocks to image file size divided by 2048
  blocks=...
  # Set variable stick to device file address of the USB stick
  stick=...

  dd if="$stick" bs=2048 count="$blocks" | md5sum

If no i/o error is reported by dd, compute the MD5 sum of the image file
and compare both.


> So I believe, the size of the image is, what matters. But maybe I am wrong.

It's not impossible. Especially if the stick hardware has problems.
But depending on the origin of the last visible message there is also
a chance that boot loader or Linux derail because of buggy file content
in the elsewise healthy ISO.


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: OT: Is there any size limit for ISO's?

[Marco Moock]

Am 22.01.2024 um 21:07:55 Uhr schrieb Hans:

> I copied the file using dd to an usb stick, but it does crash at boot.

Is the USB stick equal or bigger than the ISO?
If not, the writing process will just stop at the end of the device and
the stick data will be corrupted because they are incomplete.

[SOLVED] Re: Libreoffice hangs at start

[Hans]

Hi all, 

I could obviously solve the problem. It was not, as formerly guessed, 
the /etc/hosts file, the reason was found in  ~/.cache/*

In ~/.cache/* I found several old files of documents (*.odt, *.ods). 

The customer told me, that not all files could be opened. Some opened fast, 
others real slow (as described before).

How I worked (for those, who are interested):

1. So first I created and tested with a fresh user = all ok = knew now, the 
system itself is ok.

2. copied ~.config/libreoffice* from this user to the old user = no success, so 
knew, it is not a libreoffice config problem

3. searched for all files "*.odt" and "*.ods" in /home of old user = found some 
in ~/.cache/ = alerted, that they might interfere, so moved it away

4. New testing shows = all ok

5. copied all "*.odt" and "*.ods" to a Test-directory, marked all and opened 
them with libreoffice = no errors, knew, all files are ok.

6. Removed the testuser, all copies and the backup of ~/.cache

Hope, this might help others, too.

Thank you all for your help. This case can be safely closed.

Best regards

Hans 

OT: Is there any size limit for ISO's?

[Hans]

Hi folks, 

does anyone know, if there is a limit of the size an iso may have?

Background: I have a selfmade lifefile iso image, which was created by 
bootcdwrite. The size of the imagefile is about 32GB.

I copied the file using dd to an usb stick, but it does crash at boot.

When the stick is booting, first appear the usual text messages, but then the 
screen goes blank and the further boot hangs.

However, when I am booting this file (this iso-image) with Virtualbox, 
everything is working well.

As it is a livefile and goes blank, I can not see, why it hangs.

Note: In earlier times I had a smaller image (about 8 GB), which booted 
perfectly. 

So I believe, the size of the image is, what matters. But maybe I am wrong.

Be happy for all hints.

Best regards

Hans

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[gene heskett]

On 1/22/24 12:54, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/22/24 03:23, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/22/24 04:46, David Christensen wrote:

It appears Amanda has a script API for both the client and the server:

https://manpages.debian.org/buster/amanda-common/amanda-scripts.7.en.html
...
All this is possible David, but needs someone to do it. So far our 
list of volunteers is pretty slim. I once wrote a script that added 
amanda's database to the end of the vtape amanda had just made, making 
a bare metal recovery to the state it had just reported instead of a 
bare metal being one run out of date, but I did that in bash. I've 
never did anything to amanda itself except compile it, its old perl, 
old python and probably older bash, all dumped into the same bowl and 
the mixer turned on high. Amanda, right now, needs 15 years of catchup 
tlc. I haven't even tried to build it since wheezy and I have far 
newer srcs than the current 3.51 here. While I have the /home/amanda 
dir with all that it , i'd have to create anew amanda user with 
passwd-less access to the system to even attempt a build of what I have.



Perhaps it is time to switch to another backup system, or build your own.


David

That I'm contemplating, using a pi clone but still running the amanda I 
just installed all 3 debs of on a bananapi-m5.  How does an 8T backup 
server sound for another $200 in hdwe?  Very enticing and I do have the 
sheckel's.

.


Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: I've an editable .pdf form I need to fill out

[gene heskett]

On 1/22/24 11:56, Curt wrote:

On 2024-01-21, Greg Wooledge  wrote:

On Sun, Jan 21, 2024 at 01:30:41PM -0500, gene heskett wrote:

chroming is dangerous.


I haven't touched it since they hijacked port 80 so you cannot use it
locally.


Gene, this is NOT true.  Chrome does not "hijack port 80".  You can
go to http://localhost:80/ to talk to a local web server *just fine*
in Chrome.


I think Firefox can now fill out and save fillable pdf forms (and even
add text to ones that are not even editable). So Gene may
obviate his moral allergy by adopting another route.


I don't think that was the case here, none of the utility's suggested in 
this thread could find a form space to fill, and I wound up cobbleing it 
together using fldsed, whose interface is quite clunky but more or less, 
complete with speeling errors, typu's and overstrikes, did get the job 
done, and exported as pdf. Fed to the printer ia okular it was pixel 
accurate. I'll compose an email hopefully explaining their broken pdf 
composer made my reply very difficult, and suggesting they take a look 
at OpenOffice Writer, which I think CAN be coaxed into doing what they 
thought they were doing with their pdf composer.


I've not emailed it back to them as an attachment yet but will before 
the end of my day.


Thanks Curt.


People with causes often display a tendency of making their points with a
careless regard for the truth (as they feel, I suppose, that the end
justifies the means).


It was and is the truth as I see it on my screens here. Everyone else 
claims if "127.0.0.1   localhost" is present in the /etc/hosts files 
which it is, that it should Just Work, but it doesn't here. Firefox 
OTOH, does Just Work.



This is another one of your imaginary problems, which has already been
disproved, but to which you still cling.  You seem to have many of these.


Tell me about it, but they have existed here since I put the 12.2 
netinstall iso on a dvd and rebooted to it the first time which has been 
the subject of numerous prior threads because the installer finds ANY 
usb-serial adaptor plugged in, assunes I am blind and installs brltty 
and orca without once asking be if I wanted it.  And they cannot be 
removed once installed, or the execute bits removed and still reboot the 
system when needed, That alone caused over 20 re-installs before someone 
took pity on me and said to unplug the usb tree as it was reacting to 
the adapter feeding a cm11a for heyu's use.


I'm not going to spend the time to dig up the old thread in which you
first espoused this idea, and in which I showed you that it's untrue.
That would be a waste of my time.


And mine too until its fixed to Just Work.
Take care, stay warm, dry and well, Curt.

Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Greg Wooledge]

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 07:01:13PM +0100, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 11:02:06AM -0500, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 03:17:36PM +, Alain D D Williams wrote:
> > > The shrinking of /home is the hard part. You MUST first unmount /home, 
> > > then
> > > resize the file system, then resize the logical volume.
> > 
> > Before doing any of that, one should check the volume group and see
> > if there are unallocated hunks of free space that can simply be assigned
> > to the root LV.
> 
> Ah, forgot to say: "pvdisplay -m" will give you a "physical" map of
> your physical volume. So you get an idea what is where and where
> you find gaps.

A volume group (VG) may be comprised of one or more physical volumes
(PV), and the free space would be counted at the VG level.  So I'd suggest
"vgdisplay" instead.  This tells you how many "PE" (physical extents,
aka hunks of space) are allocated, and how many are free.

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Greg Wooledge]

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 01:06:16PM -0500, Gremlin wrote:
> I use to use LVM and RAID but I quit using that after finding out that
> partition the drive and using gparted was way more easier

If you allocate all the space during installation and don't leave any
to make adjustments, or to make snapshots, then you're not getting
any of the benefits of LVM.  In this case, you're just doing static
partitioning with extra complexity, and your conclusion would be correct.

The key to LVM is to leave some space unallocated.  Then you get *options*.

Re: chromium http://localhost:80

[gene heskett]

On 1/22/24 10:23, Max Nikulin wrote:

On 22/01/2024 02:50, gene heskett wrote:

browser: chromium


It was also true here using the file:// prefix, trying look at the 
html versions of the man pages in /usr/share/local/docs.


/usr/share may be unavailable inside snap or flatpack sandboxes, so it 
is expected. Even /etc/hosts, /etc/resolv.conf, /etc/nsswitch.conf may 
differ in the mount namespace created for chromium. It might be 
necessary to use a tool like nsenter to inspect runtime environment of 
the process.


nsenter? Never heard of it before, but I have the man page so I'll 
certainly study it, thank you Max for making me aware of it.

.


Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Gremlin]

On 1/22/24 10:17, Alain D D Williams wrote:

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 03:32:30PM +0100, sko...@uns.ac.rs wrote:

I am getting the following message at any boot:

"The volume "Filesystem root" has only 221.1 MB disk space remaining."

  df -h says:

Filesystem  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /dev
tmpfs   297M  9.0M  288M   4% /run
/dev/mapper/localhost-root  5.2G  4.7G  211M  96% /
/dev/mapper/localhost-usr14G   12G  948M  93% /usr
tmpfs   1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs   5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs   1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1   228M  133M   84M  62% /boot
/dev/mapper/localhost-tmp   2.3G   57K  2.2G   1% /tmp
/dev/mapper/localhost-var   2.7G  2.5G   55M  98% /var
/dev/mapper/localhost-home  257G   73G  172G  30% /home
tmpfs   297M   40K  297M   1% /run/user/1000

As my system has encrypted LVM, I suppose that I shall reduce some space
used for /home, and then use it to extend /, /usr, and /var logical
partitions. I think I did (or tried to do) something similar several years
ago, but forgot the proper procedure. Any link for a good tutorial is
welcomed. Thanks.


The shrinking of /home is the hard part. You MUST first unmount /home, then
resize the file system, then resize the logical volume.

umount /home

Find out how big it is:
resize2fs /dev/mapper/localhost-home

Change the filesystem size:
resize2fs /dev/mapper/localhost-home NEW-SIZE

Change the partition size:
lvextend --size 200G /dev/mapper/localhost-home

The hard bit is working out what NEW-SIZE should be and having it such
that you use all of the partition but without making the file system size
greater than the partition size - ie getting the last few megabytes right.

What I do is make NEW-SIZE 2GB smaller than I want (assuming that it still 
fits),
the size I give to lvextend 1GB smaller - so it all works, but there is wasted
space & it is not quite big enough. I then do:

lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home

Ie get lvextend to do the maths & work it out for me.

Those who are cleverer than me might be able to tell you how to get it right
first time!

mount /home

Extending the others is easy and can be done when the system is running &
active, something like:

lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-var

Finally: ensure that you have a good backup of /home before you start.



I use to use LVM and RAID but I quit using that after finding out that 
partition the drive and using gparted was way more easier

keyboard buttons

[Mike McClain]

On my keyboard there are some buttons in the top right corner above
the number pad. one marked with  circle with an x over it, one with a
moon the third with analarm clock ringing.
Wondering what they were and how they were handled I typed
'Control v' in bash on the command line then the button with the Xed
out circle. Much to my chagrin my computer shutdown while I had files
open for editing. OOPs.
I think I now know what those buttons do but am wondering if there
is a way to disable them short of dismantling the keyboard.

mike@DevuanPI4b:~> uname -a
Linux MikesDevuanPI 6.1.70 #1 SMP PREEMPT Sun Jan  7 04:13:59 CET 2024
aarch64 GNU/Linux

I'm now on a Raspberry PI running Devuan but also run Debian on a
different PI and MS Windows 2000 on a Pentium based tower.

Bumping one of those buttons and inadvertently killing the system
while in the midst of a task is something I'd like to avoid,

Be well and Thanks for any suggestions,
Mike
--
Keep in mind ... stressed spelled backwards is desserts.

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[tomas]

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 11:02:06AM -0500, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 03:17:36PM +, Alain D D Williams wrote:
> > The shrinking of /home is the hard part. You MUST first unmount /home, then
> > resize the file system, then resize the logical volume.
> 
> Before doing any of that, one should check the volume group and see
> if there are unallocated hunks of free space that can simply be assigned
> to the root LV.

Ah, forgot to say: "pvdisplay -m" will give you a "physical" map of
your physical volume. So you get an idea what is where and where
you find gaps.

Cheers
-- 
t


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Description: PGP signature

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[tomas]

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 03:40:06PM +, Alain D D Williams wrote:
> On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 10:29:55AM -0500, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> > > lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home
> > >
> > > Ie get lvextend to do the maths & work it out for me.
> > >
> > > Those who are cleverer than me might be able to tell you how to get it 
> > > right
> > > first time!
> > 
> > lvreduce --size -50G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home
> 
> Oh, even better. It is a long time since I looked at than man page.
> 
> Does this still need to be done with the file system unmounted or can it be
> done with an active file system these days ?

You have first to shrink the file system (if it's ext4, you can use
resize2fs: note that you can only *grow* an ext4 which is mounted
(called "online resizing) -- to *shrink* it, it has to be unmounted.

Since I wasn't quite sure whether ext2's Gs are the same as LVM's
and didn't want to bother with whatever clippings each process
takes, what I did in this situation was:

 - shrink (resize2fs) the file system to a size clearly below target
 - resize the LVM to my target size
 - resize2fs again without params, which lets it take whatever the
   partition offers

Sounds complicated, but is not :-)

You can shrink the partition to be smaller than the file system,
but then you'll thrash it sooner or later, when two file sysems
start quibbling over blocks on the fence like angry neighbours :)

Cheers
-- 
t


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Description: PGP signature

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[David Christensen]

On 1/22/24 03:23, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/22/24 04:46, David Christensen wrote:

It appears Amanda has a script API for both the client and the server:

https://manpages.debian.org/buster/amanda-common/amanda-scripts.7.en.html
...
All this is possible David, but needs someone to do it. So far our list 
of volunteers is pretty slim. I once wrote a script that added amanda's 
database to the end of the vtape amanda had just made, making a bare 
metal recovery to the state it had just reported instead of a bare metal 
being one run out of date, but I did that in bash. I've never did 
anything to amanda itself except compile it, its old perl, old python 
and probably older bash, all dumped into the same bowl and the mixer 
turned on high. Amanda, right now, needs 15 years of catchup tlc. I 
haven't even tried to build it since wheezy and I have far newer srcs 
than the current 3.51 here. While I have the /home/amanda dir with all 
that it , i'd have to create anew amanda user with passwd-less access to 
the system to even attempt a build of what I have.



Perhaps it is time to switch to another backup system, or build your own.


David

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough" Printing

[tomas]

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 10:33:02AM -0500, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> > That's the way it was built -- just mimicking the "real terminal cum
> > firmware" which was replaced with "DOS/Windows PC cum terminal application".
> 
> I think it's more than that.  It's a design that makes a lot of sense:
> it would be more complex having to connect both the terminal and the
> printer to the server, since the terminal and printer really
> belong together.

Don't get me wrong. I was thinking in terms of "a terminal emulator with
graft-on funny functionality as a monolithic application" vs. "a dedicated
application with a standard terminal emulator hanging off one socket (or
PTY), a standard SSH hanging off another and a printer hanging off a
TTY" or something.

The idea of having one "wire" (aka net connection) to the terminal and
hang the printer on that isn't bad per se. After all, the person standing
at the terminal is the one who wants to see the paper receipt.

Cheers
-- 
t


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

Re: I've an editable .pdf form I need to fill out

[Curt]

On 2024-01-21, Greg Wooledge  wrote:
> On Sun, Jan 21, 2024 at 01:30:41PM -0500, gene heskett wrote:
>> > > > chroming is dangerous.
>> 
>> I haven't touched it since they hijacked port 80 so you cannot use it
>> locally.
>
> Gene, this is NOT true.  Chrome does not "hijack port 80".  You can
> go to http://localhost:80/ to talk to a local web server *just fine*
> in Chrome.

I think Firefox can now fill out and save fillable pdf forms (and even
add text to ones that are not even editable). So Gene may
obviate his moral allergy by adopting another route.

People with causes often display a tendency of making their points with a
careless regard for the truth (as they feel, I suppose, that the end
justifies the means).

> This is another one of your imaginary problems, which has already been
> disproved, but to which you still cling.  You seem to have many of these.
>
> I'm not going to spend the time to dig up the old thread in which you
> first espoused this idea, and in which I showed you that it's untrue.
> That would be a waste of my time.
>
>


-- 

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Greg Wooledge]

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 03:17:36PM +, Alain D D Williams wrote:
> The shrinking of /home is the hard part. You MUST first unmount /home, then
> resize the file system, then resize the logical volume.

Before doing any of that, one should check the volume group and see
if there are unallocated hunks of free space that can simply be assigned
to the root LV.

One of the fundamental *reasons* to use LVM is to leave a bunch of space
unallocated, and assign it to whatever needs it later, once the storage
needs become known.  Leaving some unallocated space also allows the
use of snapshots, which are nice when doing backups.

I heard someone say, once, that the Debian installer will assign all of
the space in a VG during installation, if you follow its "guided" path.
This is a tragedy, if it's still true.

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Alain D D Williams]

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 10:29:55AM -0500, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> > lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home
> >
> > Ie get lvextend to do the maths & work it out for me.
> >
> > Those who are cleverer than me might be able to tell you how to get it right
> > first time!
> 
> lvreduce --size -50G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home

Oh, even better. It is a long time since I looked at than man page.

Does this still need to be done with the file system unmounted or can it be
done with an active file system these days ?

-- 
Alain Williams
Linux/GNU Consultant - Mail systems, Web sites, Networking, Programmer, IT 
Lecturer.
+44 (0) 787 668 0256  https://www.phcomp.co.uk/
Parliament Hill Computers. Registration Information: 
https://www.phcomp.co.uk/Contact.html
#include 

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough" Printing

[Stefan Monnier]

> That's the way it was built -- just mimicking the "real terminal cum
> firmware" which was replaced with "DOS/Windows PC cum terminal application".

I think it's more than that.  It's a design that makes a lot of sense:
it would be more complex having to connect both the terminal and the
printer to the server, since the terminal and printer really
belong together.


Stefan

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Stefan Monnier]

> lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home
>
> Ie get lvextend to do the maths & work it out for me.
>
> Those who are cleverer than me might be able to tell you how to get it right
> first time!

lvreduce --size -50G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home

?


Stefan

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough" Printing

[tomas]

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 10:00:44PM +0700, Max Nikulin wrote:
> On 22/01/2024 05:44, phoebus phoebus wrote:
> > Handling Returns: When the filter receives returns from the serial
> > printer, it directly transmits them to the terminal application without
> > any modification or addition. Thus, information from the serial printer
> > is relayed as is to the terminal application without altering the
> > pass-through mode.
> 
> I feel that I miss something. Shouldn't data from devices connected to the
> serial port be sent to the server (the application running on the server)
> not to the terminal application that just displays text?

But it's only the "terminal application" who has contact to the server,
so it has to play middleman.

That's the way it was built -- just mimicking the "real terminal cum
firmware" which was replaced with "DOS/Windows PC cum terminal application".

Of course, if you look closer, you'll somehow find several components,
whether they run in one address space or in separate processes :-)

> >    The PuTTY application has been evaluated to meet consultation needs but 
> > does not fulfill the requirements related to sales, especially concerning 
> > access to the serial printer.
> >    Terminals details include the use:
> >    Coonection by key type: ed25519 with passphrase
> >    The backspace key:  Control-? (127)
> >    The function keys and keypad: Xterm 216+
> 
> "Xterm 216" is unclear for me.
> 
> If there was no requirement for passthrough printing then would putty have
> some features unavailable e.g. in the following case?
> 
> xterm -e ssh example.com
> 

The things missing there are "escape sequence to start sending stuff
via serial port to the printer" and "send everything coming from the
serial port to the app".

I envision a small program in the middle of all spawning an SSH,
opening the serial port and running in an xterm (so your ssh is
just wrapped in that process).

> ...or with any of libvte-based terminal applications. Would it be enough to
> run ssh in a VT (TERM=linux)?

So yes... nearly:-)

Cheers
-- 
t


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

Re: Resizing LVM partitions

[Alain D D Williams]

On Mon, Jan 22, 2024 at 03:32:30PM +0100, sko...@uns.ac.rs wrote:
> I am getting the following message at any boot:
> 
> "The volume "Filesystem root" has only 221.1 MB disk space remaining."
> 
>  df -h says:
> 
> Filesystem  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
> udev1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /dev
> tmpfs   297M  9.0M  288M   4% /run
> /dev/mapper/localhost-root  5.2G  4.7G  211M  96% /
> /dev/mapper/localhost-usr14G   12G  948M  93% /usr
> tmpfs   1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /dev/shm
> tmpfs   5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
> tmpfs   1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
> /dev/sda1   228M  133M   84M  62% /boot
> /dev/mapper/localhost-tmp   2.3G   57K  2.2G   1% /tmp
> /dev/mapper/localhost-var   2.7G  2.5G   55M  98% /var
> /dev/mapper/localhost-home  257G   73G  172G  30% /home
> tmpfs   297M   40K  297M   1% /run/user/1000
> 
> As my system has encrypted LVM, I suppose that I shall reduce some space
> used for /home, and then use it to extend /, /usr, and /var logical
> partitions. I think I did (or tried to do) something similar several years
> ago, but forgot the proper procedure. Any link for a good tutorial is
> welcomed. Thanks.

The shrinking of /home is the hard part. You MUST first unmount /home, then
resize the file system, then resize the logical volume.

umount /home

Find out how big it is:
resize2fs /dev/mapper/localhost-home

Change the filesystem size:
resize2fs /dev/mapper/localhost-home NEW-SIZE

Change the partition size:
lvextend --size 200G /dev/mapper/localhost-home

The hard bit is working out what NEW-SIZE should be and having it such
that you use all of the partition but without making the file system size
greater than the partition size - ie getting the last few megabytes right.

What I do is make NEW-SIZE 2GB smaller than I want (assuming that it still 
fits),
the size I give to lvextend 1GB smaller - so it all works, but there is wasted
space & it is not quite big enough. I then do:

lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-home

Ie get lvextend to do the maths & work it out for me.

Those who are cleverer than me might be able to tell you how to get it right
first time!

mount /home

Extending the others is easy and can be done when the system is running &
active, something like:

lvextend --size +1G --resizefs /dev/mapper/localhost-var

Finally: ensure that you have a good backup of /home before you start.

-- 
Alain Williams
Linux/GNU Consultant - Mail systems, Web sites, Networking, Programmer, IT 
Lecturer.
+44 (0) 787 668 0256  https://www.phcomp.co.uk/
Parliament Hill Computers. Registration Information: 
https://www.phcomp.co.uk/Contact.html
#include 

chromium http://localhost:80

[Max Nikulin]

On 22/01/2024 02:50, gene heskett wrote:

browser: chromium


It was also true here using the file:// prefix, trying look at the html 
versions of the man pages in /usr/share/local/docs.


/usr/share may be unavailable inside snap or flatpack sandboxes, so it 
is expected. Even /etc/hosts, /etc/resolv.conf, /etc/nsswitch.conf may 
differ in the mount namespace created for chromium. It might be 
necessary to use a tool like nsenter to inspect runtime environment of 
the process.

Re: Chromium oops: libva error: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so

[Max Nikulin]

On 19/01/2024 04:08, Charles Curley wrote:

charles@jhegaala:~$ chromium chrome://gpu
libva error: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so init failed
^C
Killed
charles@jhegaala:~$

I did a killall -9 in another window to kill it.


Does it happen in the case of a new system user and a new chromium 
profile to ensure settings close to defaults?


Is it possible to create a new tab in the chromium window?

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough" Printing

[Max Nikulin]

On 22/01/2024 05:44, phoebus phoebus wrote:

Handling Returns: When the filter receives returns from the serial
printer, it directly transmits them to the terminal application without
any modification or addition. Thus, information from the serial printer
is relayed as is to the terminal application without altering the
pass-through mode.


I feel that I miss something. Shouldn't data from devices connected to 
the serial port be sent to the server (the application running on the 
server) not to the terminal application that just displays text?



   The PuTTY application has been evaluated to meet consultation needs but does 
not fulfill the requirements related to sales, especially concerning access to 
the serial printer.
   Terminals details include the use:
   Coonection by key type: ed25519 with passphrase
   The backspace key:  Control-? (127)
   The function keys and keypad: Xterm 216+


"Xterm 216" is unclear for me.

If there was no requirement for passthrough printing then would putty 
have some features unavailable e.g. in the following case?


xterm -e ssh example.com

...or with any of libvte-based terminal applications. Would it be enough 
to run ssh in a VT (TERM=linux)?

Resizing LVM partitions

[skoric]

I am getting the following message at any boot:

"The volume "Filesystem root" has only 221.1 MB disk space remaining."

 df -h says:

Filesystem  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /dev
tmpfs   297M  9.0M  288M   4% /run
/dev/mapper/localhost-root  5.2G  4.7G  211M  96% /
/dev/mapper/localhost-usr14G   12G  948M  93% /usr
tmpfs   1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs   5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs   1.5G 0  1.5G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1   228M  133M   84M  62% /boot
/dev/mapper/localhost-tmp   2.3G   57K  2.2G   1% /tmp
/dev/mapper/localhost-var   2.7G  2.5G   55M  98% /var
/dev/mapper/localhost-home  257G   73G  172G  30% /home
tmpfs   297M   40K  297M   1% /run/user/1000

As my system has encrypted LVM, I suppose that I shall reduce some space
used for /home, and then use it to extend /, /usr, and /var logical
partitions. I think I did (or tried to do) something similar several years
ago, but forgot the proper procedure. Any link for a good tutorial is
welcomed. Thanks.

Misko

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough" Printing

[Eduardo M KALINOWSKI]

On 22/01/2024 10:57, Stefan Monnier wrote:

So: have you considering replacing the whole system?


You mean, fix this one well-understood problem, and replace it with an
unknown number of unknown problems?
Sounds great!


How about "Replace a locked-in solution with an fully open source 
[hopefully] solution"?


It definitely looks like there is no ready open source solution to the 
component the OP wants to replace. It might be possible to adapt an 
existing terminal emulator to include the necessary functionality, 
solving the immediate problem, but the next part that they want to 
replace might end up with the same problem.



--
BASIC is the Computer Science equivalent of `Scientific Creationism'.

Eduardo M KALINOWSKI
edua...@kalinowski.com.br

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough" Printing

[Stefan Monnier]

> So: have you considering replacing the whole system?

You mean, fix this one well-understood problem, and replace it with an
unknown number of unknown problems?
Sounds great!


Stefan

Re: Seeking a Terminal Emulator on Debian for "Passthrough" Printing

[Eduardo M KALINOWSKI]

On 11/01/2024 21:27, phoebus phoebus wrote:

[snip description of problem]


I'm on the category of people that haven't fully understood the 
requirements. Maybe because I do not have experience in this specific 
area, and also probably because I haven't read each email carefully.


But that's ok, because I want to talk in more general terms. You 
probably won't like the suggestion, though.


It seems that the system you have has become quite complex and its many 
components depend on each other in very specific ways. It has become 
something rather peculiar. Maybe it's not unique, maybe many retailers 
have similar systems, but they all depend on the same vendor or couple 
of vendors.


You now want to replace of the components, but since it's very dependent 
on the rest of the system, you are having a hard time finding a 
replacement. It's even difficult to describe the requirements, because 
it's something really unusual.


So: have you considering replacing the whole system?

Sure, in the short term it will be costly.

It'll be difficult, and cause disruptions. The users will have to be 
trained in the new system, productivity will decrease a little until 
they get proficient in it, there might be the need for some downtime, etc.


So I totally understand that what I'm proposing is not something easy to 
ask. But given that the difficulty you are having in replacing this one 
component will likely be repeated when some other part needs to be 
changed, I do not think it's entirely unreasonable that this option is 
studied.


--
Eduardo M KALINOWSKI
edua...@kalinowski.com.br

Re: Can't view videos in firefox: VA-API test failed

[Dan Ritter]

Stefan Monnier wrote: 
> > Does mplayer give any more interesting errors? 
> 
> Oh, I didn't notice it at first, but now that you ask, yes it does:
> after something like a timeout period it says:
> 
> AO: [pulse] Init failed: Timeout
> Failed to initialize audio driver 'pulse'
> 
> And lo and behold if I start it with `mplayer -ao none `, the
> video plays just fine (whether Theora, MPEG2, or H.264).
> 
> So maybe I was barking up the wrong tree and the problem was on the
> audio side all this time.

Well, yes and no. I think we've established that there's no
hardware support for decoding anything except MPEG2, but also
that the machine is capable of doing most decoding in software.

Sound problems are... excessive amounts of fun. 

> This machine is running Debian testing,
> which seems to have selected Pipewire for me.
> 
> % ps auxw|grep pipewire
> monnier   1810  0.0  0.1  46096  9396 ?Ssl  jan18   0:00 
> /usr/bin/pipewire
> monnier   1813  0.0  0.0  34436  6412 ?Ssl  jan18   0:00 
> /usr/bin/pipewire -c filter-chain.conf
> monnier   1818  0.0  0.1  41540 10460 ?Ssl  jan18   0:00 
> /usr/bin/pipewire-pulse
> monnier   7472  0.0  0.0   8276  2304 pts/6SN+  16:40   0:00 grep 
> pipewire

OK. First diagnostic: `pactl info`.

On my bookworm desktop, I get this:

$ pactl info
Server String: /run/user/1042/pulse/native
Library Protocol Version: 35
Server Protocol Version: 35
Is Local: yes
Client Index: 13692
Tile Size: 65472
User Name: dsr
Host Name: spike
Server Name: PulseAudio (on PipeWire 0.3.65)
Server Version: 15.0.0
Default Sample Specification: float32le 2ch 48000Hz
Default Channel Map: front-left,front-right
Default Sink: PulseEffects_apps
Default Source: 
alsa_input.usb-Blue_Microphones_Yeti_Stereo_Microphone_REV8-00.analog-stereo

Which says the things I expect: pulseaudio's interface is being
supplied by pipewire, it's configured for 2 channel stereo,
there's a USB microphone available and the output is being
filtered through PulseEffects (which is doing equalization for
me.)




-dsr-

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[gene heskett]

On 1/22/24 04:46, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/21/24 21:42, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/21/24 18:29, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/21/24 14:48, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/21/24 16:13, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/21/24 03:47, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/21/24 01:33, David Christensen wrote:
3.  For Amanda, either add more HDD's to the storage server or 
build another server.  If another server, shut it down when you are 
not using it.

...
Designed to run every night when things are relatively quiet, how 
this works well depends on the other machines it is backing up be 
available.

...
1. Wake on LAN.

2. Wake at preset day/time.

...
Unfortunately, amanda is truely ancient, for some reason the 
originator who first wrote it in the later 70's IIRC sold it nearly 20 
years ago to a commercial outfit called zmanda, who took it more or 
less commercial, throwing the amanda named version under the buss. 
They must have ran out of money and resold it to another outfit, who 
has redoubled their effort to get rid of the free version. One of the 
things it has not been fixed to do, is issue a wakeup call, and wait 
for the clients to get their stuff in one sock, say 30 seconds to get 
everything spun up and ready to take orders, so I'm pretty sure a 
client that doesn't respond in milliseconds will be skipped. So 
basically, amanda needs to be officially forked since the current 
owner, Betsol has not made any contribution to amanda that amounts to 
an actual update but once in 6 or 7 years now,  There's several things 
it now needs, such as the wake-on-lan support done right. Python is 
part of it but python 2 is still needed. Or a whole new start for 
something to replace and put it back squarely in the gplv2 or 3 camp. 
If there is actually another capable of diddling the level schedule 
like amanda does, I'm sure I could name some of the major users that 
would jump ship in a week or so once they became aware of a workalike.



It appears Amanda has a script API for both the client and the server:

https://manpages.debian.org/buster/amanda-common/amanda-scripts.7.en.html


The zmanda wiki has a Script API page, but it is empty (?):

https://wiki.zmanda.com/index.php/Script_API.


For BIOS/UEFI wake-on-lan, it might be possible to write a script that 
wakes the clients, to write a script that shuts down the clients, to 
configure the Amanda server to run the wake script before backups, and 
to configure the Amanda server to run the shutdown script after backups.



For BIOS/UEFI wake at preset day/time, it might be possible to set the 
clients to wake before the scheduled backup time, to write a script that 
shuts down the clients, and to configure the Amanda server to run the 
shutdown script after backups.



David
All this is possible David, but needs someone to do it. So far our list 
of volunteers is pretty slim. I once wrote a script that added amanda's 
database to the end of the vtape amanda had just made, making a bare 
metal recovery to the state it had just reported instead of a bare metal 
being one run out of date, but I did that in bash. I've never did 
anything to amanda itself except compile it, its old perl, old python 
and probably older bash, all dumped into the same bowl and the mixer 
turned on high. Amanda, right now, needs 15 years of catchup tlc. I 
haven't even tried to build it since wheezy and I have far newer srcs 
than the current 3.51 here. While I have the /home/amanda dir with all 
that it , i'd have to create anew amanda user with passwd-less access to 
the system to even attempt a build of what I have.


.


Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help

[David Christensen]

On 1/21/24 21:42, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/21/24 18:29, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/21/24 14:48, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/21/24 16:13, David Christensen wrote:

On 1/21/24 03:47, gene heskett wrote:

On 1/21/24 01:33, David Christensen wrote:
3.  For Amanda, either add more HDD's to the storage server or build 
another server.  If another server, shut it down when you are not 
using it.

...
Designed to run every night when things are relatively quiet, 
how this works well depends on the other machines it is backing up be 
available.

...
1. Wake on LAN.

2. Wake at preset day/time.

...
Unfortunately, amanda is truely ancient, for some reason the originator 
who first wrote it in the later 70's IIRC sold it nearly 20 years ago to 
a commercial outfit called zmanda, who took it more or less commercial, 
throwing the amanda named version under the buss. They must have ran out 
of money and resold it to another outfit, who has redoubled their effort 
to get rid of the free version. One of the things it has not been fixed 
to do, is issue a wakeup call, and wait for the clients to get their 
stuff in one sock, say 30 seconds to get everything spun up and ready to 
take orders, so I'm pretty sure a client that doesn't respond in 
milliseconds will be skipped. So basically, amanda needs to be 
officially forked since the current owner, Betsol has not made any 
contribution to amanda that amounts to an actual update but once in 6 or 
7 years now,  There's several things it now needs, such as the 
wake-on-lan support done right. Python is part of it but python 2 is 
still needed. Or a whole new start for something to replace and put it 
back squarely in the gplv2 or 3 camp. If there is actually another 
capable of diddling the level schedule like amanda does, I'm sure I 
could name some of the major users that would jump ship in a week or so 
once they became aware of a workalike.



It appears Amanda has a script API for both the client and the server:

https://manpages.debian.org/buster/amanda-common/amanda-scripts.7.en.html


The zmanda wiki has a Script API page, but it is empty (?):

https://wiki.zmanda.com/index.php/Script_API.


For BIOS/UEFI wake-on-lan, it might be possible to write a script that 
wakes the clients, to write a script that shuts down the clients, to 
configure the Amanda server to run the wake script before backups, and 
to configure the Amanda server to run the shutdown script after backups.



For BIOS/UEFI wake at preset day/time, it might be possible to set the 
clients to wake before the scheduled backup time, to write a script that 
shuts down the clients, and to configure the Amanda server to run the 
shutdown script after backups.



David