I do love this list for the oh-so-clever people we have on it! Fascinating stuff. dee
On 23 Jun 2010, at 21:08, Norton, Steve wrote: > Doug, > I am not an expert but here is my opinion on your questions. > > 1) I think that your ultrasonic transducer operates at a frequency around 42 > kHz and not 50/60 Hz. The bubbles that rupture are bubbles of gas. The > liposome bubbles that form consist of a phospholipid shell with a water > center. Since the liposome bubble is not gaseous it does not rupture in the > same way that gas bubbles do. That does not mean that shear forces do not > rupture some lipisomes but I expect that the liposomes reform after the shear > forces go away. > > 2) The ultrasonic waves apply shear forces to break the lecithin into > individual phospholipids that will then form liposomes See: > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liposome > "It should be noted that formation of liposomes and nanoliposomes is not a > spontaneous process. Lipid vesicles are formed when phospholipids such as > lecithin are placed in water and consequently form one bilayer or a series of > bilayers, each separated by water molecules, once enough energy is supplied > [8]. Liposomes can be created by sonicating phospholipids in water[3]. Low > shear rates create multilamellar liposomes, which have many layers like an > onion. Continued high-shear sonication tends to form smaller unilamellar > liposomes. In this technique, the liposome contents are the same as the > contents of the aqueous phase." > -- The Silver List is a moderated forum for discussing Colloidal Silver. Rules and Instructions: http://www.silverlist.org Unsubscribe: <mailto:silver-list-requ...@eskimo.com?subject=unsubscribe> Archives: http://www.mail-archive.com/silver-list@eskimo.com/maillist.html Off-Topic discussions: <mailto:silver-off-topic-l...@eskimo.com> List Owner: Mike Devour <mailto:mdev...@eskimo.com>
