V.S. Rajam’s book is an essential one for students of classical Tamil, covering syntax, meter, morphology, etc. What I meant is that to my knowledge no one has made a substantial study of every use of eṉ in Sangam literature. Such a study might include uses of iti in early Sanskrit. For example, in modern Tamil we often find ēṉ eṉṟāl, “If you ask why,” which corresponds exactly to Sanskrit "kuta iti cet.” One wonders how old this usage is in both languages. George Hart
> On Nov 12, 2022, at 6:07 PM, rajam <[email protected]> wrote: > > Dear List Members, > > George Hart said: > > /// I am sure many have noted that in Tamil, the word eṉ, which has > equivalents in other Dravidian languages (an in Telugu, for example), is far > more productive than Sanskrit iti. It occurs in various forms — adjective > (eṉṉum), adverb (eṉṟu), noun (eṉpatu), finite verb (e.g. eṉkiṟārkaḷ), while > in Sanskrit iti is only adverbial. It would be interesting to analyze the > uses of eṉ in Sangam literature — I’m not sure anyone has done this. /// > > Just to kindle your memory … > > Please look into my book “A Reference Grammar of Classical Tamil Poetry, V.S. > Rajam, American Philosophical Society, 1992” > > Thanks and regards, > V.S. Rajam > > > >> On Nov 12, 2022, at 12:54 PM, George L. HART via INDOLOGY >> <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote: >> >> I am sure many have noted that in Tamil, the word eṉ, which has equivalents >> in other Dravidian languages (an in Telugu, for example), is far more >> productive than Sanskrit iti. It occurs in various forms — adjective >> (eṉṉum), adverb (eṉṟu), noun (eṉpatu), finite verb (e.g. eṉkiṟārkaḷ), while >> in Sanskrit iti is only adverbial. It would be interesting to analyze the >> uses of eṉ in Sangam literature — I’m not sure anyone has done this. Of >> course, the use of this construction could be an areal phenomenon — it is >> not necessarily true that its presence in early Sanskrit is due to >> Dravidian, though I think it is highly likely, given its richness in >> Dravidian languages. George Hart >> >>> On Nov 12, 2022, at 1:08 PM, Tieken, H.J.H. (Herman) via INDOLOGY >>> <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote: >>> >>> I do not know if the question was about iti as an areal phenomenon. If so, >>> see F.B.J. Kuiper, "The Genesis of a Linguistic Area", IIJ 1968, where, if >>> I remember well, he compares Skt iti with Tamil eṉṟu. >>> Herman >>> >>> Herman Tieken >>> Stationsweg 58 >>> 2515 BP Den Haag >>> The Netherlands >>> 00 31 (0)70 2208127 >>> website: hermantieken.com <http://hermantieken.com/> >>> Van: INDOLOGY <[email protected] >>> <mailto:[email protected]>> namens Madhav Deshpande via >>> INDOLOGY <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> >>> Verzonden: zaterdag 12 november 2022 17:34 >>> Aan: Olivelle, Joseph P <[email protected] >>> <mailto:[email protected]>> >>> CC: [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> >>> <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> >>> Onderwerp: Re: [INDOLOGY] iti in Sanskrit >>> >>> If I remember correctly, the possibility of the "iti" constructions being >>> an areal phenomena have been discussed for many decades. The best person >>> to provide information regarding this topic may be Hans Hock. I will see if >>> I can locate any of these older publications. >>> >>> Madhav M. Deshpande >>> Professor Emeritus, Sanskrit and Linguistics >>> University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA >>> Senior Fellow, Oxford Center for Hindu Studies >>> Adjunct Professor, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore, India >>> >>> [Residence: Campbell, California, USA] >>> >>> >>> On Sat, Nov 12, 2022 at 6:28 AM Olivelle, Joseph P via INDOLOGY >>> <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote: >>> See the many explanations of ‘iti’ in Gary Tubb and Emery Boose’s book >>> “Scholastic Sanskrit”. >>> >>> Patrick >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> > On Nov 12, 2022, at 8:10 AM, Brendan S. Gillon, Prof. via INDOLOGY >>> > <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote: >>> > >>> > Dear colleagues, >>> > >>> > I am wondering if any of you know of articles on the use of `iti' in >>> > Sanskrit. >>> > >>> > Best wishes, >>> > >>> > Brendan >>> > >>> > -- >>> > >>> > Brendan S. Gillon email: [email protected] >>> > <mailto:[email protected]> >>> > Department of Linguistics >>> > McGill University tel.: 001 514 398 4868 >>> > 1085, Avenue Docteur-Penfield >>> > Montreal, Quebec fax.: 001 514 398 7088 >>> > H3A 1A7 CANADA >>> > >>> > webpage: >>> > https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwebpages.mcgill.ca%2Fstaff%2Fgroup3%2Fbgillo%2Fweb%2F&data=05%7C01%7C%7C40005a48e3d64c7af97308dac4b84054%7C31d7e2a5bdd8414e9e97bea998ebdfe1%7C0%7C0%7C638038592882519039%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=SHfWYYtZKaf%2FjbNNUQwJhnoaLp8V7WAqPSZGcXaH2xU%3D&reserved=0 >>> > >>> > <https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwebpages.mcgill.ca%2Fstaff%2Fgroup3%2Fbgillo%2Fweb%2F&data=05%7C01%7Ch.j.h.tieken%40hum.leidenuniv.nl%7C295db7e7b8714862742908dac4cbed9c%7Cca2a7f76dbd74ec091086b3d524fb7c8%7C0%7C0%7C638038677398630127%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=yyUoPrr6Ns2Gi1p2wTJO5kICrdegnoY5Ox6uJigVykk%3D&reserved=0> >>> > >>> > >>> > _______________________________________________ >>> > INDOLOGY mailing list >>> > [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> >>> > https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Flist.indology.info%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Findology&data=05%7C01%7C%7C40005a48e3d64c7af97308dac4b84054%7C31d7e2a5bdd8414e9e97bea998ebdfe1%7C0%7C0%7C638038592882519039%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=GhfFm1DiIXicrk1S%2Fzv%2F6so6YoU5TCCdm0kHp6esElI%3D&reserved=0 >>> > >>> > <https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Flist.indology.info%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Findology&data=05%7C01%7Ch.j.h.tieken%40hum.leidenuniv.nl%7C295db7e7b8714862742908dac4cbed9c%7Cca2a7f76dbd74ec091086b3d524fb7c8%7C0%7C0%7C638038677398630127%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=wsgOjkowtEL%2FaruE2IcKVJP181LGzqIrImXVewIbXaM%3D&reserved=0> >>> >>> >>> _______________________________________________ >>> INDOLOGY mailing list >>> [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> >>> https://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology >>> <https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Flist.indology.info%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Findology&data=05%7C01%7Ch.j.h.tieken%40hum.leidenuniv.nl%7C295db7e7b8714862742908dac4cbed9c%7Cca2a7f76dbd74ec091086b3d524fb7c8%7C0%7C0%7C638038677398630127%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=wsgOjkowtEL%2FaruE2IcKVJP181LGzqIrImXVewIbXaM%3D&reserved=0> >>> >>> _______________________________________________ >>> INDOLOGY mailing list >>> [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> >>> https://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology >> >> >> _______________________________________________ >> INDOLOGY mailing list >> [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> >> https://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology >
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