Vince, The HVAC method most often used for tests here in my lab and the method Ron Gibbs used was what you would call the 'cone' method. I can not really comment much on the other methods, other than to say we looked at them and made a few tests.
Ron's machine used 10.5KV @ 30 ma. I have built and test machines that ranged from 5.0KV to 15.0 KV and tested current densities at the 'cone' electrodes that ranged from 1.0 ma to 30 ma per electrode. Ron liked 15 ma per electrode to minimize ionic, but at the sacrifice of particle size. At the time we had only begun to do particle size distribution tests, none of which made it into his book. All the real particle distribution work happened after Ron's death. along with most of the ionic project that I was working on when Ron got ill. What we did learn is that the first order determinant for particle size is current density at the 'cone' electrode. Practical values of the current is from 5 ma to 15 ma per electrode. There are many things that affect current density, such as applied voltage, geometry of the electrode, conductivity of the water (mostly due to ionic content), and temperature. The lab tests were conducted with equipment that we designed and built in our own shop. The electrode holders were made from a combination of ceramic and stainless steel and could accommodate up to 10 'cone' electrodes. A single plate center electrode that measured about 1" x 4" was situated horizontally in the water between two rows of 5 wire electrodes made from 0.080" fine silver wire. This stuff is not cheap to produce, and probably would cost several thousand dollars just for the electrode holders if someone tried to manufacture this design to sell. I can not imagine that it would cost effective. It would probably be easier to put some pictures on the web site if anyone is interested in this level of detail. The wire electrodes could be removed in pairs to adjust the total number of electrode "points" that would divide the current from the HV transformer. The current per electrode 'point' was thus varied by changing the number of electrodes and by selecting the current rating of the HV transformer. The transformers used are of the "neon" type, meaning they employ an internal magnetic shunt with an air gap to essentially produce a limited constant current output on the secondary. This type transformer can be operated with the secondary shorted and the primary current will reach its maximum value and go no higher. A normal (non-shunted) transformer would over current and overtemp and eventually burn out under the same conditions. So basically, the "neon" type transformer is perfectly suited to driving the highly variable load of a cs generator. I should mention that this research is years old now. All of what has been discussed above will produce cs that is 75% to 95% ionic depending on process variables. This is probably more detail than anyone cares to hear about. frank key > Frank, > > Thanks for your postings and responces to specific questions. I've enjoyed > your information and am filing it for future reference. Here's yet another > question. > > Could you give any generalities on which HVAC methods are best for colloidal > silver production and how the different methods vary the results. Let's > say, 10,000V and up to 15,000V for the voltage to limit the scope. I know > you scientific types aren't in your comfort zones with generalities, in > general; but in this case I believe it has it's place. For example, There > is a "both silver electrodes immersed" HVAC method (which has a variable of > surface area of immersed electrode). There is a "one electrode immersed and > one arc" method (which has a variable of the one electrode's wet surface > area). There is a "cone" method for which the wet surface area of the > electrode is inherently minimized and only dependent on the geometry of the > end of the electrode. The cone method, of course, is where the distance > from the electrode to the water is shorter than the arc distance but not > below the surface of the water. The elecrodes attract the water and pull it > up to continuously touch the electrodes. > > I realize this could occupy a lengthy paper and I'm not trying to impose on > you for that. Any experience you have gained relative to the above would be > greatly appreciated. > > Thanks, > > Vince Richter > > > -- > The silver-list is a moderated forum for discussion of colloidal silver. > > To join or quit silver-list or silver-digest send an e-mail message to: > [email protected] -or- [email protected] > with the word subscribe or unsubscribe in the SUBJECT line. > > To post, address your message to: [email protected] > Silver-list archive: http://escribe.com/health/thesilverlist/index.html > List maintainer: Mike Devour <[email protected]> >
