It's most likely either a corrupt floppy disk or a bad floppy drive. I
have multiple old systems and some of the most common problems are in
fact associated with floppy disks and drives. The behaviour described
is especially characteristic of a corrupt boot floppy disk; on the
other hand, when the machine asks to format an unrecognized disk (one
that you know to be good from using it in another machine), that is a
classic sign of a bad floppy drive.

Floppy disks do not last forever, alas, although certain brands seem
better than others and Apple's OEM disks tend to be more robust than
most. YMMV.

A couple of suggestions:

Try booting from the Install Me First disk that came with your machine
and see if you can get the machine to boot. You presumably don't want
to agree to an installation on the machine, but it would help for
diagnostic purposes to know if the machine can boot from a floppy at
all. Just terminate the installation at the appropriate point (e.g.,
disagree with the software license).

If you have another machine on which to make a replacement Disk Tools
floppy, doing so would then be the next step, since Disk Tools (or a
Norton emergency disk or the like) is the floppy that you need. The
7.5 system available on Apple's old software dl pages will do nicely.

If neither of these work, then a further simple strategy to try is to
clean and lubricate the drive and see if that helps: e.g., there is
often a gear mechanism visible at the back in pre-PPC machines,
outside the area where the floppy disk itself goes, and it more or
less always requires lubrication by this stage. A little WD-40 or some
silicon grease if you have it should work. Then boot and insert a
floppy to spread it around in the gears. There are more fulsome
instructions on the cleaning and care of old floppy drive mechanisms
"out there." Cleaning involves mostly getting any dust out of the
drive; best to leave the heads alone, as they are very delicate and
you can ruin the drive permanently just by fiddling with them (best
cleaned with a floppy cleaning kit, which is essentially like a floppy
disk that you insert).

Good luck!

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