Fw: Python installation problem
En Mar, 31 Marzo, 2020 en 18:48, yo escribió: Para: python-list@python.org I installed the Python software , but I could not find the python.exe file with the Unscramble software What do you advise ? Regards -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: from packaging import version as pack_version ImportError: No module named packaging
Dears, When I run this command I got this error message: ubuntu@orchestrateur:/tmp/pack$ virtualenv -p $(which python3.5) . Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/local/sbin/. Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/virtualenv", line 3, in virtualenv.main() File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 784, in main popen = subprocess.Popen([interpreter, file] + sys.argv[1:], env=env) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 710, in __init__ errread, errwrite) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1327, in _execute_child raise child_exception OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied This error is also reproducible using sudo. Please advise how to fix it. Thanks in advance. Best regards 2017-10-28 14:33 GMT+02:00 David Gabriel : > I forget to precise that I am using pycharm. > And this issue is reproducible also using command line to run the code. > > Best regards > > 2017-10-28 14:31 GMT+02:00 David Gabriel : > >> Thanks so Lutz much for your reply. >> I am using python2.7 and I am running this code in an Openstack instance. >> I will apply your recommandation and let you know about the result ... >> >> Kind regards. >> >> 2017-10-27 16:13 GMT+02:00 Lutz Horn : >> >>> On Fri, Oct 27, 2017 at 03:56:39PM +0200, David Gabriel wrote: >>> > from packaging import version as pack_version >>> > ImportError: No module named packaging >>> > >>> > I googled it and I have found so many suggestions regarding updating >>> > 'pip' and installing python-setuptools but all of these did not fix >>> > this issue. >>> >>> So many questions: >>> >>> * What is your Python version? >>> * Do you use virtualenv? >>> * How? >>> * Did you install packaging in this virtualenv? >>> >>> Just one example of making this work: >>> >>> $ mkdir /tmp/pack >>> $ cd /tmp/pack >>> $ virtualenv -p $(which python3.5) . >>> Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python3.5 >>> Using base prefix '/usr' >>> New python executable in /tmp/pack/bin/python3.5 >>> Also creating executable in /tmp/pack/bin/python >>> Installing setuptools, pkg_resources, pip, wheel...done. >>> $ source bin/activate >>> $ pip3 install packaging >>> Collecting packaging >>> Using cached packaging-16.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl >>> Collecting six (from packaging) >>> Using cached six-1.11.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl >>> Collecting pyparsing (from packaging) >>> Using cached pyparsing-2.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl >>> Installing collected packages: six, pyparsing, packaging >>> Successfully installed packaging-16.8 pyparsing-2.2.0 six-1.11.0 >>> $ python3.5 >>> Python 3.5.2 (default, Sep 14 2017, 22:51:06) >>> [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux >>> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more >>> information. >>> >>> from packaging import version as pack_version >>> >>> >>> -- >>> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list >>> >> >> > -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: from packaging import version as pack_version ImportError: No module named packaging
I forget to precise that I am using pycharm. And this issue is reproducible also using command line to run the code. Best regards 2017-10-28 14:31 GMT+02:00 David Gabriel : > Thanks so Lutz much for your reply. > I am using python2.7 and I am running this code in an Openstack instance. > I will apply your recommandation and let you know about the result ... > > Kind regards. > > 2017-10-27 16:13 GMT+02:00 Lutz Horn : > >> On Fri, Oct 27, 2017 at 03:56:39PM +0200, David Gabriel wrote: >> > from packaging import version as pack_version >> > ImportError: No module named packaging >> > >> > I googled it and I have found so many suggestions regarding updating >> > 'pip' and installing python-setuptools but all of these did not fix >> > this issue. >> >> So many questions: >> >> * What is your Python version? >> * Do you use virtualenv? >> * How? >> * Did you install packaging in this virtualenv? >> >> Just one example of making this work: >> >> $ mkdir /tmp/pack >> $ cd /tmp/pack >> $ virtualenv -p $(which python3.5) . >> Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python3.5 >> Using base prefix '/usr' >> New python executable in /tmp/pack/bin/python3.5 >> Also creating executable in /tmp/pack/bin/python >> Installing setuptools, pkg_resources, pip, wheel...done. >> $ source bin/activate >> $ pip3 install packaging >> Collecting packaging >> Using cached packaging-16.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl >> Collecting six (from packaging) >> Using cached six-1.11.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl >> Collecting pyparsing (from packaging) >> Using cached pyparsing-2.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl >> Installing collected packages: six, pyparsing, packaging >> Successfully installed packaging-16.8 pyparsing-2.2.0 six-1.11.0 >> $ python3.5 >> Python 3.5.2 (default, Sep 14 2017, 22:51:06) >> [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux >> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more >> information. >> >>> from packaging import version as pack_version >> >>> >> -- >> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list >> > > -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: from packaging import version as pack_version ImportError: No module named packaging
Thanks so Lutz much for your reply. I am using python2.7 and I am running this code in an Openstack instance. I will apply your recommandation and let you know about the result ... Kind regards. 2017-10-27 16:13 GMT+02:00 Lutz Horn : > On Fri, Oct 27, 2017 at 03:56:39PM +0200, David Gabriel wrote: > > from packaging import version as pack_version > > ImportError: No module named packaging > > > > I googled it and I have found so many suggestions regarding updating > > 'pip' and installing python-setuptools but all of these did not fix > > this issue. > > So many questions: > > * What is your Python version? > * Do you use virtualenv? > * How? > * Did you install packaging in this virtualenv? > > Just one example of making this work: > > $ mkdir /tmp/pack > $ cd /tmp/pack > $ virtualenv -p $(which python3.5) . > Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python3.5 > Using base prefix '/usr' > New python executable in /tmp/pack/bin/python3.5 > Also creating executable in /tmp/pack/bin/python > Installing setuptools, pkg_resources, pip, wheel...done. > $ source bin/activate > $ pip3 install packaging > Collecting packaging > Using cached packaging-16.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl > Collecting six (from packaging) > Using cached six-1.11.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl > Collecting pyparsing (from packaging) > Using cached pyparsing-2.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl > Installing collected packages: six, pyparsing, packaging > Successfully installed packaging-16.8 pyparsing-2.2.0 six-1.11.0 > $ python3.5 > Python 3.5.2 (default, Sep 14 2017, 22:51:06) > [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux > Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more > information. > >>> from packaging import version as pack_version > >>> > -- > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list > -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
from packaging import version as pack_version ImportError: No module named packaging
Dears, I am running a python code that generates for me this error : from packaging import version as pack_version ImportError: No module named packaging I googled it and I have found so many suggestions regarding updating 'pip' and installing python-setuptools but all of these did not fix this issue. Do you have any idea how can I solve this problem. Thanks in advance. -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Send mouse clicks to minimized window
Hello, guys I'm using python to automate some seriously boring stuff at work, but would like to improve current code. The way it is now, PyAutoGui moves mouse and clicks the Application. I am, therefore, hostage of my python "assistant", as I cannot use my computer while the .py is running. Is there any way to send mouse clicks to minimized windows, in so that it does not interfere with normal using of my computer? I'm on Windows and have tried pywin32, but could not manage to make it to work. Also tried ctypes, with same results. I'm really new to python. Also, I could migrate to Linux if that's necessary. Any hints? Thanks, guys! -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
custom setup.py link argument order
Hi, I'm currently writing a python C module which has a chained dependency: - mymodule requires libb - libb requires liba To that effect, within setup.py, I link against both liba and libb libraries=['a', 'b'], Also, as I'm working on Ubuntu, I want to add -Wl,--no-as-needed to make sure that the symbols not immediately needed will still be stripped. extra_link_args=['-Wl,--no-as-needed'], However, it seems that the extra_link_args are systematically appended at the end of the link line, but for this to work, the '-Wl,--no-as-needed' argument need to be *before* the link against my two libraries. How can I choose the order of my link arguments that I pass to gcc using setup.py ? Best regards, -- Gabriel Ganne -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
error sintax
meu python não esta reconhecendo os sinais de calculos em geral, peço a ajuda de vocês. -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Another python question
Sorry for the multiple questions but my while loop is not working as intended. Here is the code : n = 1 list1 = [] count = 0 #amount of times program repeats steps = 0 # amount of steps to reach 1 step_list = [] while n!=0: n= int(input()) list1.append(n) length = len(list1) while count < length: num= list1[count] while num!= 1: if num%2 == 0: num= int(num/2) print(num) steps+=1 if num%2 == 1: num=int(3*num+1) print(num) steps+=1 count+=1 step_list.append(steps) steps=0 This code is meant to get numbers from the user in different lines and convert into a list. When this is done the first while loop runs until it checks all the numbers in the list. The 2nd while loop is meant to stop when the number is equal to 1 however the 2nd while loop keeps running. Sorry for the bad naming but I was in a rush, ty anyway -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Beginner Python Help
Hey there,
I just started out python and I was doing a activity where im trying to find
the max and min of a list of numbers i inputted.
This is my code..
num=input("Enter list of numbers")
list1=(num.split())
maxim= (max(list1))
minim= (min(list1))
print(minim, maxim)
So the problem is that when I enter numbers with an uneven amount of digits
(e.g. I enter 400 20 36 85 100) I do not get 400 as the maximum nor 20 as the
minimum. What have I done wrong in the code?
Thanks for the help
--
https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: parallel (concurrent) eventlet
Dears,
Let me add one more detail: When I add these two lines to check whether my
modules are monkey_patched or not I get *False* as a result.
I think it is strange to get this result since I patched my modules at the
beginning using: eventlet.monkey_patch() as detailed here
<http://eventlet.net/doc/patching.html#import-green>.
print "*is_monkey_patched(ldap.syncrepl) : %s*" %
eventlet.patcher.is_monkey_patched('ldap.syncrepl')
print "*is_monkey_patched(ldap.ldapobject) : %s*" %
eventlet.patcher.is_monkey_patched('ldap.ldapobject')
Please advise me how to fix this issue.
Kind regards.
2016-01-18 12:03 GMT+01:00 David Gabriel :
> Dears,
>
> I have an issue when I use eventlet Api to create parallel threads.
> In fact, when I run the below code, only the program dealing with the
> synchronozation with ldap data base is working and is continuously blocking
> the others to run.
> But, when I use the 'thread' Api the program is working fine without any
> blocking issue. However, I can not use thread Api and I must to use
> eventlet.
> So I am wondering how to get the thread Api behavior using the eventlet
> Api ?
>
> Could you please inform me how to fix this issue ?
>
> Kindly find below my code.
> But you need some configurations regarding ldap server/client.
>
>
> #!/usr/bin/python
> # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
> """
> This script implements a syncrepl consumer which syncs data from an
> OpenLDAP
> server to a local (shelve) database.
> Notes:
> The bound user needs read access to the attributes entryDN and entryCSN.
> This needs the following software:
> Python
> pyasn1 0.1.4+
> pyasn1-modules
> python-ldap 2.4.10+
> """
>
> # Import the python-ldap modules
> import ldap,ldapurl
> # Import specific classes from python-ldap
> from ldap.ldapobject import ReconnectLDAPObject
> from ldap.syncrepl import SyncreplConsumer
>
> # Import modules from Python standard lib
> import shelve,signal,time,sys,logging
> import eventlet
> #import thread
> eventlet.monkey_patch()
>
> # Global state
> watcher_running = True
> ldap_connection = False
>
>
>
> class SyncReplConsumer(ReconnectLDAPObject,SyncreplConsumer):
> """
> Syncrepl Consumer interface
> """
> def __init__(self,db_path,*args,**kwargs):
> # Initialise the LDAP Connection first
> ldap.ldapobject.ReconnectLDAPObject.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
> # Now prepare the data store
> self.__data = shelve.open(db_path, 'c')
> # We need this for later internal use
> self.__presentUUIDs = dict()
>
> def __del__(self):
> # Close the data store properly to avoid corruption
> self.__data.close()
>
> def syncrepl_get_cookie(self):
> if 'cookie' in self.__data:
> return self.__data['cookie']
>
> def syncrepl_set_cookie(self,cookie):
> self.__data['cookie'] = cookie
>
> def syncrepl_entry(self,dn,attributes,uuid):
>
> # First we determine the type of change we have here (and store
> away the previous data for later if needed)
> previous_attributes = dict()
> if uuid in self.__data:
> change_type = 'modify'
> previous_attributes = self.__data[uuid]
> else:
> change_type = 'add'
> # Now we store our knowledge of the existence of this entry
> (including the DN as an attribute for convenience)
> attributes['dn'] = dn
> self.__data[uuid] = attributes
> # Debugging
> print 'Detected', change_type, 'of entry:', dn
> # If we have a cookie then this is not our first time being run,
> so it must be a change
> if 'ldap_cookie' in self.__data:
> self.perform_application_sync(dn, attributes,
> previous_attributes)
>
> def syncrepl_delete(self,uuids):
> # Make sure we know about the UUID being deleted, just in case...
> uuids = [uuid for uuid in uuids if uuid in self.__data]
> # Delete all the UUID values we know of
> for uuid in uuids:
> print 'Detected deletion of entry:', self.__data[uuid]['dn']
> del self.__data[uuid]
>
> def syncrepl_present(self,uuids,refreshDeletes=False):
> # If we have not been given any UUID values, then we have recieved
> all the present controls...
> if uuids is None:
> # We only do things if refreshDeletes is false as the syncre
parallel (concurrent) eventlet
nal.signal(signal.SIGTERM,commenceShutdown)
# signal.signal(signal.SIGINT,commenceShutdown)
try:
ldap_url =
ldapurl.LDAPUrl('ldap://localhost/dc=example,dc=org?*?sub?(objectClass=*)?bindname=cn=admin%2cdc=test%2cdc=com,X-BINDPW=myPassword')#ldapurl.LDAPUrl(sys.argv[1])
# ldap_url = ldapurl.LDAPUrl(link)
database_path = 'test.com'#sys.argv[2]
# database_path = pathName
except IndexError,e:
print 'Usage: syncrepl-client.py '
sys.exit(1)
except ValueError,e:
print 'Error parsing command-line arguments:',str(e)
sys.exit(1)
while watcher_running:
print 'Connecting to LDAP server now...'
# Prepare the LDAP server connection (triggers the connection as
well)
ldap_connection =
SyncReplConsumer(database_path,ldap_url.initializeUrl())
# Now we login to the LDAP server
try:
ldap_connection.simple_bind_s(ldap_url.who,ldap_url.cred)
except ldap.INVALID_CREDENTIALS, e:
print 'Login to LDAP server failed: ', str(e)
sys.exit(1)
except ldap.SERVER_DOWN:
continue
# Commence the syncing
print 'Commencing sync process'
ldap_search = ldap_connection.syncrepl_search(
ldap_url.dn or '',
ldap_url.scope or ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE,
mode = 'refreshAndPersist',
filterstr = ldap_url.filterstr or '(objectClass=*)')
print 'After syncrepl_search.'
try:
while ldap_connection.syncrepl_poll( all = 1, msgid =
ldap_search):
pass
except KeyboardInterrupt:
# User asked to exit
commenceShutdown()
pass
except Exception, e:
# Handle any exception
if watcher_running:
print 'Encountered a problem, going to retry. Error:',
str(e)
eventlet.sleep(5)
pass
# Define a function for the 2nd thread
def print_time(ThreadName):
count = 0
delay = 3
while 1:#count < 5:
count += 1
print "%s: %s" % (ThreadName, time.ctime(time.time()) )
eventlet.sleep(delay)
print 'Before call threads'
evt1 = eventlet.spawn(mainOfSyncrepl, "Thread-1",)
evt2 = eventlet.spawn(print_time, "Thread-2",)
evt3 = eventlet.spawn(print_time, "Thread-3",)
print 'After call threads'
evt1.wait()
evt2.wait()
evt3.wait()
print 'After wait'
2016-01-12 7:20 GMT-08:00 Ned Batchelder :
> David,
>
> We aren't going to be able to debug code that we can't see. Please post a
> link to the *actual* code that you are running.
>
> --Ned.
>
>
> On 1/12/16 7:00 AM, David Gabriel wrote:
>
> Dears
>
> For more details, I am using this code
> <https://github.com/rbarrois/python-ldap/blob/master/Demo/pyasn1/syncrepl.py>in
> order to ensure the updates from my data base.
> However, when I create an eventlet basing on this code, my program is
> blocked there and is not running other eventlets !!!
> Please advise me how to fix this issue ?
>
> Thanks in advance.
> Regards
>
> 2016-01-11 7:29 GMT-08:00 David Gabriel :
>
>> Thanks so much John
>> In fact your proposal works fine for this simple example but when I use
>> it for a complex code (a data base client that receives all updates from
>> the db), my program is continously running this db client and not other
>> programs.
>>
>> Any suggestions
>> Thanks in advance
>> regards
>>
>> 2016-01-11 5:50 GMT-08:00 John Eskew <
>> john.es...@gmail.com>:
>>
>>> Add this line below your imports:
>>>
>>> eventlet.monkey_patch()
>>>
>>> Here's why that line should fix things:
>>>
>>> http://eventlet.net/doc/patching.html#greening-the-world
>>>
>>> On Mon, Jan 11, 2016 at 6:27 AM, David Gabriel <
>>> davidgab...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Dears,
>>>> It is the first time I am developping with python and I want to execute
>>>> parallel threads using eventlet.When I run the below code, only one thread
>>>> is executed and not both.Please could you tell me how to fix this issue ?
>>>> Please advise me how to ensure a concurrent behavior between evt1 and
>>>> evt2.
>>>>
>>>> import eventlet
>>>> import time
>>>>
>>>> def print_time(ThreadName):
>>>> count = 0
>>>> delay = 3
>>>> while 1:#count < 5:
>>>> count += 1
Re: Downloading videos (in flash applications) using python
Mark Lawrence wrote: > I don't actually know, but could you please provide some context and > write in plain English, those damn ... things are extremely annoying. > Hi, Mark. I am developing a research project, which includes video analysis (computer vision, big data, data mining, etc). The first part of the project is about building a database containing a big amount of video of urban zones. I live in Brazil, so the plan is collecting videos from urban areas of Brazilian big cities, like Sao Paulo. I have to make this task "automatic". in other words, I don't want to manually download hundreds or thousands hours of videos. So I have to develop a "robot" to do that assingment for me. (I wish I could do that using Python). I have found a good website that provides me live images from several cities in Brazil. So that's it! That's what I need. I was expecting to develop a program to record & download those videos, that are being broadcasted live on that website. So I would be able to form my database and continue my research. The problem is that this particular website uses a flash player application do broadcast the live images of the urban areas. I'm not too familiar with Flash Applications. I don't know how to deal with them using Python. I was wondering if someone could help me solve this problem. The goal is recording & downloading those videos, from the mentioned website. And, yes, it has to be an automated program (no manual work). I wish I had been clear with you guys! THX! -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Downloading videos (in flash applications) using python
The original plan was doing it using python. But, anyway, I should build a robot program to do that task for me... Because I need to capture hundreds of hours of different videos... You mean that is difficult because it's Python... or it's difficult because it's a Flash Application? Thx -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Downloading videos (in flash applications) using python
Hi Paul, I presume the stream operator doesn't want to prevent me from downloading or recording the videos. I just wanna know more about some lib that could be used to deal with Flash Player Applications... Or possibly, anything that could lead me to be able to get those streaming videos. Thx -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Downloading videos (in flash applications) using python
I appreciate your help. I'm just afraid that Youtube-DL doesn't allow me to record or download a LIVE STREAMING VIDEO. Do you guys think it is possible, since I make some adjustments into the code of the library? -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Downloading videos (in flash applications) using python
Thanks for the Hint... But it seems not to support the website i mentioned... Is there a way to make it possible for any kind of video player in the net? Flash player... Since it's not a ordinary video... I'm trying to record & download a live streaming video!! Thx -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Downloading videos (in flash applications) using python
Hello, I need some help in downloading videos from flash applications in web using python. Is there any lib to deal with flash player using python? The videos I need to download are, in fact, live streaming content. You can see an example here: http://vejoaovivo.com.br/sc/itapema/avenida-nereu-ramos-1029.html Thanks -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Suggestion: PEP for popping slices from lists
The list.pop(index) returns the element represented by the index and also reduces the list by removing that element. So it a short one liner for doing both things. But when it comes for popping a slice of the list there is nothing similar for doing in that simple way. If you want to remove a slice and also reduce the list you will have something like this: a_list, a_slice = a_list[:size], a_list[size:] or even worser if you try to do the same for something in the middle. My proposal is the extension of list.pop for accepting a way for popping slices. When doing this: a_list.pop(i,j) pop will return the slice [i,j] and remove it from the list. For popping from an index to the end: a_list.pop(i, len(a_list)) Or even emptying the whole list: a_list.pop(0, len(a_list)) So this is it :) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Random List Loop?!
Hi I have tried now for ages to make a loop that does the following: Makes a new list with 9 random values, from 9 different lists, with 9 elements. And makes sure that none of the elements repeat! Is there anyone that can help, with a very simple solution?? Best Christian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Request META Help
I have a system that uses request.META ['HTTP_HOST'] to identify which will run APPLICATION. The domains testes1.xyz.com.br, tes.xyzk.com.br, xx.xyzk.com.br through a DNS redirect TYPE A link to the server IP. In most cases I get the request.META ['HTTP_HOST'] with the URL in the request header, but today I had a problem that a customer made an appointment for me, and I get the IP of the server that information. Actually I need to get tes.xyzk.com.br Does anyone know better how it works? How can I overcome this? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[ANN] Python/Cython/SDL 2D Game Engine
Hello list, I wanted to let you know about my pet project for the last few months, a multiplatform (Linux64/Win32/Android at the moment), Python/Cython/SDL open source 2D game engine called "Ignifuga". The source code mixes Python and Cython code, then uses Cython to convert everything to C, and compiles it all along with the Python interpreter and SDL into a static binary. It's still a long way of from being something serious, but you can already make nice Android Live wallpapers with it! You can check it out at www.ignifuga.org Thanks! -- Gabriel. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: When I use Python under Windows. I found some file handles are not closed,
En Mon, 31 Oct 2011 12:57:15 -0300, 罗勇刚(Yonggang Luo) escribió: How did detecting where those handlers are created to tracing it and close it. Mainly because I was using C binding library(subvertpy) and file is not closed. A better place to ask is python-list@python.org Please include the Python version you're using. Also, a small, complete, runnable code example showing the problem would be very valuable. Usually, in building such example, you may well find out where your problem is. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Fast recursive generators?
En Fri, 28 Oct 2011 15:10:14 -0300, Michael McGlothlin escribió: I'm trying to generate a list of values where each value is dependent on the previous value in the list and this bit of code needs to be repeatedly so I'd like it to be fast. It doesn't seem that comprehensions will work as each pass needs to take the result of the previous pass as it's argument. map() doesn't seem likely. filter() or reduce() seem workable but not very clean. Is there a good way to do this? About the best I can get is this: l = [ func ( start ) ] f = lambda a: func ( l[-1] ) or a filter ( f, range ( big_number, -1, -1 ) ) I guess I'm looking for something more like: l = do ( lambda a: func ( a ), big_number, start ) What about a generator function? def my_generator(): prev = 1 yield prev while True: this = 2*prev yield this prev = this print list(itertools.islice(my_generator(), 10)) -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why msvcrt.printf show the first char only?
On 12 oct, 08:50, Nobody wrote:
> On Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:18:25 -0700, install...@189.cn wrote:
> > from ctypes import *
> > msvcrt = cdll.msvcrt
> > message_string = "Hello world!\n"
> > print(msvcrt.printf("Testing: %s", message_string))
>
> > when running in eclipse, the result is:
> > 1
> > T
>
> > when running in IDLE, then result is:
> > 1
>
> > why is that?
>
> Odd. I get 22 when running from IDLE.
>
> Also, when using the console, it actually prints the text. I suspect that
> stdout gets block-buffered when using an IDE. I can't see any way to get a
> reference to stdout, so you can't fflush() it.
Launch IDLE from the command line and you'll see the text output.
To the OP: I bet your Eclipse runs Python 2.x and IDLE is 3.x.
In Python 3.x, "Test..." is a Unicode string, internally represented
using two bytes per character. (In contrast, in Python 2.x, "Test..."
is a byte string, and u"Test..." is unicode). All ASCII characters
have a 0 as their second byte in its internal representation. printf
expects a byte string, and stops as soon as it sees the '\0' following
the 'T' in 'Testing'. Either use wprintf("Testing..."), or encode the
Unicode object into a byte string before calling:
printf("Testing...".encode(sys.stdout.encoding)), or tell ctypes about
the right parameter type:
printf = msvcrt.printf
printf.argtypes = [c_char_p]
printf("Testing\n")
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Deleting files on a shared server
En Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:45:32 -0300, Tim Golden escribió: On 07/10/2011 02:14, Josh English wrote: To delete the files, I am using os.unlink. One lock file refuses to disappear, even though I have code at both application startup and shutdown (on the OnInit and OnExit methods to the wxPython Application object) that hunts down .lock files and deletes them. Assuming that your code paths succeed and that the unlink actually happens, it is possible for files to continue to exist after they have been successfully deleted. This happens if another process has opened them with share-delete mode; typically this will be a virus checker or a process like the TortoiseSVN cache (or its counterparts for other VCS). The file won't actually disappear until the last handle on it is released. In such cases the openfiles command [1] is very useful for detecting who is holding the file open. [1] http://www.microsoft.com/resources/documentation/windows/xp/all/proddocs/en-us/openfiles.mspx -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: socket.getsockname is returning junk!!
En Wed, 05 Oct 2011 08:56:08 -0300, Wong Wah Meng-R32813
escribió:
I am migrating my application from python 1.5.2 to 2.7.1. One of the
existing code breaks. The getsockname method from socket object somehow
returns me with some number which I deem as junk, rather than the
listening port as I would have expected in the older python. Has anyone
seen the same thing or is it due to my python is built with some
corrupted library or something?
$ python
Python 2.7.1 (r271:86832, Oct 5 2011, 18:34:15) [C] on hp-ux11
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
import socket
sock = socket.socket( socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM )
sock.setsockopt( socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1 )
sock.setsockopt( socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_KEEPALIVE, 1 )
sock.setsockopt( socket.IPPROTO_TCP, 1, 1 )
server_address=('zmy02hp3', 1)
sock.bind(server_address)
sock.getsockname()
(0, '\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00')
In python 1.5.2
server_address=('zmy02aix04', 1)
sock.bind(server_address)
sock.getsockname()
('10.228.51.41', 1)
I'd say it's a problem with the _socket module; did the unit tests flag
anything when you built Python?
On Windows, Python 2.7.1:
server_address=('lepton', 1)
sock.bind(server_address)
sock.getsockname()
('127.0.0.1', 1)
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sending ftp file list to mail???
En Fri, 07 Oct 2011 03:23:57 -0300, selahattin ay
escribió:
hi all. I want to get my ftp list and send the list to my mail adress...
my codes are
baglanti = FTP("ftp.guncelyorum.org")
baglanti.login("**", "***")
print baglanti.dir()
posta = MIMEMultipart()
def posta_olustur():
posta['Subject']=konu
posta['From']=gmail_kullanici
posta['To']=kime
posta.attach(MIMEText(baglanti.retrlines("LIST"))) <-- what
can I do for here
Ah, I didn't notice that part.
MIMEText expects a string. retrlines, by default, outputs to stdout, isn't
very useful. Try this:
def posta_olustur():
...
lines = []
baglanti.retrlines("LIST", lines.append)
text = '\n'.join(lines)
posta.attach(MIMEText(text))
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sending ftp file list to mail???
En Fri, 07 Oct 2011 03:23:57 -0300, selahattin ay escribió: hi all. I want to get my ftp list and send the list to my mail adress... my codes are And your problem is...? -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to inspect slot wrappers arguments in Python?
En Sat, 01 Oct 2011 12:13:45 -0300, julian bilcke
escribió:
I would like to get the list of parameters I need to initialize an AST
node.
I'm trying to use the `inspect` module, however it seems I can't use it
on a
built-in (native?) class, or else I misunderstood. [...]
>>> import inspect
>>> import ast
>>> inspect.getargspec(ast.If.__init__)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
File
"/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/inspect.py",
line 813, in getargspec
raise TypeError('{!r} is not a Python function'.format(func))
TypeError: is not a
Python function
I am wondering if there is another way to get these parameters
automatically? (ie. without compiling myself a dict)
I'm afraid there is no way; this kind of introspection does not work for
functions written in C. The function itself usually has a generic
signature resembling (*args, **kw), and its parameters are usually
unpacked calling a suitable variant of PyArg_ParseXXX. The information
about the number and type of expected arguments is encoded in its 'format'
parameter, and is not stored anywhere.
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: database connection
En Fri, 07 Oct 2011 02:18:04 -0300, masood shaik escribió: can u please tell me how we can connect to database without changing the permission of db file using sqlite3 The OS user who executes the Python script must have read (and write, usually) access to the database file - *any* OS user who can read the database file can connect to it. sqlite does not have internal users, and does not implement GRANT/REVOKE statements. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is exec() also not used in python 2.7.1 anymore?
En Tue, 04 Oct 2011 07:32:41 -0300, Wong Wah Meng-R32813
escribió:
Haha... yeah I reviewed the code, it is supposed to exposed some remote
methods locally (RMI proxy usage). However, I am not sure why what it
does is merely a pass.
I commented out this code and haven't seen any negative implication. I
will look into this again if I am convinced the next error I see is due
to I commented out this code.
exec('def %s(self, *args, **kw): pass'%methodStrName)
In case you convince yourself that defining this dynamic but empty
function is really needed, you can avoid exec this way:
def some_function(...)
...
# instead of exec('def ...' % methodStrName)
def empty_function(self, *args, **kw): pass
empty_function.func_name = methodStrName
...
# presumably methodStrName is referred somehow in
# the remaining code block, or perhaps locals();
# modify accordingly
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: BaseHTTPServer ThreadMixIn not working
En Mon, 03 Oct 2011 12:03:18 -0300, amit escribió: I am really stuck in a very simple problem and wanted to know if you could take some time to check it out - My code is simple. Using BaseHTTPServer and ThreadInMix I want to run a python script (Script1.py) for every request made simultaneously. [...] If I open multiple tabs/pages in Chrome/Firefox/IE and give URL: http://localhost:8080, the pages wait for previous page? This does not imply threading? Any help? Thanks Your code is fine, and Python behaves correctly. The browser is queuing all similar requests when it sees they all refer to the same URI. Had the first response contained an Expires: header in the future, there would be no need to ask again for the same object; the ETag: and Last-Modified: headers may play a role too. So, only after the first response is completely read, Chrome/Firefox/IE sees it is invalid and knows she cannot re-use the received body and has to issue the second request and waits again and ... Try with different URLs for each request: http://localhost:8080/a http://localhost:8080/b http://localhost:8080/c and you'll see they all are processed in parallel. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Change import order with *.pth files
En Sun, 02 Oct 2011 18:29:24 -0300, Andrea Gavana escribió: Let's say I am using a package called "blah", and this package is already installed on site-packages (and I need it to be there) with a name "blah-1.2-win". In the site-packages folder, there is a pth file called "blah.pth" which contains this line: blah-1.2-win To redirect Python to the correct folder when I type "import blah". Anyway, now I am developing another version of this package and it's called "blah-2.0-win", and it sits on my computer into a different folder (not on site-packages, on an entire different drive in reality). How can I tell Python *not* to use the version inside site-packages but to use the other one in my development folder (without touching the pth file in site-packages, of course)? From Python 2.6 on, there is a per user site-packages directory, which is searched before the global one. See: http://docs.python.org/whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-370-per-user-site-packages-directory You could put your developing version on that directory. In Python 2.5 and earlier, if you have to PREPEND a directory to sys.path, you may set the PYTHONPATH environment variable, or edit the site.py standard module. This may be fine in your development environment, but I would never do that in production. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Installing Python 2.6.7 on Windows
En Wed, 28 Sep 2011 21:10:38 -0300, Nobody escribió: On Wed, 28 Sep 2011 15:21:25 -0700, Ned Deily wrote: No, it was a deliberate decision. After a release is in security-fix mode only, we don't build Windows or Mac OS X installers for them. But you continue to offer the installers for the unfixed version. As well as all the previous ones back to Python 1.x I can think of several alternatives: * Upgrade to Python 2.7, the current stable and maintained release. * Compile Python 2.6.7 yourself. For the 32 bits version, you may use Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Express Edition (free/gratis); see PCbuild\readme.txt for details. Obtain the required dependencies using Tools\buildbot\external.bat. It compiles cleanly out of the box. * Obtain the compiled binary somewhere else. Considering that 2.6.7 is just a security patch, I'm not sure if running a precompiled binary from untrusted sources is any better than sticking with the official, previous version. I've built the binaries, in case you're interested. * Compare both source trees and look at their differences. Most of them are in Python modules that you can just drop over an existing 2.6.6 install. Only two C modules have changed, and require rebuilding python26.dll: timemodule.c r87648: Issue #8013: Fixed time.asctime segfault when OS's asctime fails unicodedata.c http://bugs.python.org/issue10254 If you think you're not affected by these, just ignore 2.6.7 (or apply only the .py changes) -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: syntactic sugar for def?
En Wed, 28 Sep 2011 18:51:00 -0300, Chris Kaynor
escribió:
On Wed, Sep 28, 2011 at 2:37 PM, Arnaud Delobelle
wrote:
On 28 September 2011 22:26, Ethan Furman wrote:
I remember that 'class' is sugar for type().
I don't remember if 'def' is sugar for something besides lambda.
Any clues for me? Heck, I'll even be grateful for outright answers!
It's not really sugar. But I think you mean something like this:
class A: pass
...
type(A)
type is type(A)
True
So the closest you get for functions will be:
def f(): pass
...
type(f)
Try help(type(f)) to see how to use it to create a function object.
The problem is that you need to provide a code object, and the easiest
way to create a code object is to use a def statement :)
I would say compile isn't too much harder to use:
c = compile('a = 123', 'test', 'exec')
d = {}
f = types.FunctionType(c, d, 'test')
f()
print d
{'a': 123}
Although it appears you get all of the variables defined as global
apparently (try "f = types.FunctionType(c, globals(), 'test')"
instead).
I know no way of compiling a function body alone. Suppose you have this
function:
def foo(x):
print x
y = 2*x
return y
py> compile(" print x\n y = 2*x\n return y", "", "exec")
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
File "", line 1
print x
^
IndentationError: unexpected indent
py> compile("print x\ny = 2*x\nreturn y", "", "exec")
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
File "", line 3
SyntaxError: 'return' outside function
If you include the 'def' statement in the source string, the resulting
code object does not represent the function itself, but a "module"
defining it:
py> f = FunctionType(compile("def foo(x):\n print x\n y = 2*x\n return
y\n",
... "", "exec"), globals(), "foo")
py> f(3)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
TypeError: () takes no arguments (1 given)
py> dis.dis(f)
1 0 LOAD_CONST 0 (file "", line 1>)
3 MAKE_FUNCTION0
6 STORE_NAME 0 (foo)
9 LOAD_CONST 1 (None)
12 RETURN_VALUE
To get at the actual function code, one should use
f.func_code.co_consts[0]; this would be the 'code' parameter for
types.FunctionType. Very complicated, really; nothing can beat the 'def'
statement for defining a function ;)
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Error 'module' object has no attribute "_extension_registry" when cPickle is imported from an installed Python 2.7.1
En Tue, 27 Sep 2011 06:08:54 -0300, Wong Wah Meng-R32813 escribió: Hello all, I encounter this issue whereby I am not able to load cPickle module into the python I newly built. There is no issue when I load it right from the folder where the python executable and libpython2.7.so is built. However, it gives me this error when I load the same module using the installed files (python and all its modules, shared library from default /use/local folder that contains bin, lib, include sub-folders) from "make install" command. Does anyone know why? Here is the error:- $ python Python 2.7.1 (r271:86832, Sep 27 2011, 15:19:26) [C] on hp-ux11 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. import cPickle Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute '_extension_registry' Looking at cPickle.c, it imports the copy_reg module and then looks for its "_extension_registry" attribute. Maybe your copy_reg.py is broken, or you have another copy_reg.py hiding the standard one. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Handling 2.7 and 3.0 Versions of Dict
En Fri, 02 Sep 2011 13:53:37 -0300, Travis Parks escribió: On Sep 2, 12:36 pm, "Gabriel Genellina" wrote: En Wed, 31 Aug 2011 22:28:09 -0300, Travis Parks escribi : > On Aug 31, 7:37 pm, Gregory Ewing wrote: >> Ian Kelly wrote: >> > if sys.version_info < (3,): >> > getDictValues = dict.itervalues >> > else: >> > getDictValues = dict.values >> > (which is basically what the OP was doing in the first place). > My problem was that I didn't understand the scoping rules. It is still > strange to me that the getValues variable is still in scope outside > the if/else branches. Those if/else are at global scope. An 'if' statement does not introduce a new scope; so getDictValues, despite being "indented", is defined at global scope, and may be used anywhere in the module. Does that mean the rules would be different inside a function? Yes: a function body *does* create a new scope, as well as the class statement. See http://docs.python.org/reference/executionmodel.html -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Invoking profile from command line prevent my sys.path modification
En Thu, 01 Sep 2011 07:51:43 -0300, Yaşar Arabacı escribió: I am new to profile module, so I am sorry if this is an absolute beginner question. In order to my code to run, I need to add a directory to sys.path. When I invole python -m profile myfile.py, my code won't work, saying that the thing that is supposed to be in path, isn't. Code works fine without profiling. Profiling works if I write it into the file, but I don't prefer doing that, if that is possible. You may set the PYTHONPATH environment variable, just for the profiling session. http://docs.python.org/install/index.html#modifying-python-s-search-path -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help required accessing dictionary
En Wed, 31 Aug 2011 22:46:54 -0300, escribió: I need to access the dictionary of the script that I am running through my vc++ application by embedding python. I am linking to python dynamically. I want to obtain the dictionary of the script and access the variables declared in the script. However, with the PyObject * that I get from the dictionary, I am not able to find the type of the object. The reason being that GetProcAddress to PyInt_Check returns a NULL. The same thing with PyFloat_Check and so on. I think this is because they are macros and not exported functions. What can be done to be able to perform these checks without statically linking to the pyhon lib ? Just include python.h PyInt_Check is completely implemented as a macro, it doesn't call any function. /* from intobject.h */ #define PyInt_Check(op) \ PyType_FastSubclass((op)->ob_type, Py_TPFLAGS_INT_SUBCLASS) /* from object.h */ #define PyType_FastSubclass(t,f) PyType_HasFeature(t,f) #define PyType_HasFeature(t,f) (((t)->tp_flags & (f)) != 0) -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Handling 2.7 and 3.0 Versions of Dict
En Wed, 31 Aug 2011 22:28:09 -0300, Travis Parks escribió: On Aug 31, 7:37 pm, Gregory Ewing wrote: Ian Kelly wrote: > if sys.version_info < (3,): > getDictValues = dict.itervalues > else: > getDictValues = dict.values > (which is basically what the OP was doing in the first place). My problem was that I didn't understand the scoping rules. It is still strange to me that the getValues variable is still in scope outside the if/else branches. Those if/else are at global scope. An 'if' statement does not introduce a new scope; so getDictValues, despite being "indented", is defined at global scope, and may be used anywhere in the module. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Python-ideas] allow line break at operators
So can be done with this syntax: > x = firstpart * secondpart + #line breaks here > anotherpart + #continue > stillanother #continue on. after a "+" operator the line is clearly not finished yet. Gabriel AHTUNE 2011/9/2 Matt Joiner > I guess the issue here is that you can't tell if an expression is > complete without checking the indent of the following line. This is > likely not desirable. > > On Thu, Sep 1, 2011 at 11:43 PM, Yingjie Lan wrote: > > Hi Matt, > > === > > From: Matt Joiner > > > > The "trailing \" workaround is nonobvious. Wrapping in () is noisy and > > already heavily used by other syntactical structures. > > === > > How about only require indentation > > to freely break lines? Here is an example: > > x = firstpart * secondpart #line breaks here > > + anotherpart #continue by indentation > > + stillanother #continue on. > > #until here, another line starts by dedentation > > y = some_expression - another_one > > All this would be completely compatible with former code, while > > having almost free line breaking! Plus, indentation makes it pretty. > > Really hope Python can have freedom in breaking lines. > > Yingjie > ___ > Python-ideas mailing list > python-id...@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-ideas > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Calling Script from Command line not working
En Mon, 29 Aug 2011 07:40:06 -0300, Sathish S
escribió:
We created a DLL using cygwin and have written a class based python
module
for the same. We have created a sample script for the class based python
module, that creates an object of the class and calls various methods in
the
class. This Test script works fine while I run it from IDLE. However
when I
run it from command prompt it either hangs or just returns without
executing
the functions. When it returns I do not get a error trace.
When I tried to findout where exactly the issue is happening. the issue
occurs when I try to call the *cygwin_dll_init* method of the
cygwin1.dll .
This cygwin1.dll is actualy a dependency to the DLL we have built. So we
have to load this DLL and call this *cygwin_dll_init* method before
loading
my DLL.
cyg = cdll.LoadLibrary("cygwin1.dll")
cyg.cygwin_dll_init() #hangs or returns here
mydll=cdll.LoadLibrary("my.dll")
mydll.func1()
I'm trying to understand what exactly is the difference, when we call it
IDLE and when we call it from command prompt using the python command. I
will have to get the script working from command prompt as well.
A few comments:
* why do you initialize cygwin1.dll in Python? If it's a dependency of
my.dll, it might be better to load and initialize it there.
* for this function prototype: void cygwin_dll_init(void);
you should declare it using:
cyg = cdll.LoadLibrary("cygwin1.dll")
cyg.restype = None
cyg.cygwin_dll_init() #hangs or returns here
...
Anyway, I don't see why a console application would fail but not inside
IDLE.
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Execute a method in a file in an egg
En Tue, 23 Aug 2011 13:14:06 -0300, RVince escribió: Is there a way to do this from the command line? Thanks. Something like this? python -c "import the.module;the.module.someclass().method(arguments)" -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: from module import * using __import__?
En Sat, 02 Jul 2011 16:52:11 -0300, Dan Stromberg escribió: Is there a decent way of running "from import *"? Perhaps using __import__? Does it mean using the copy module or adding an element to globals() somehow? Yes, I think I do have a good use for this: importing either pure python or cython versions of a module into a single namespace that can provide the same interface (transparent to the caller), whether C extension modules are viable in the current interpreter or not. So you have a stub module that provides one or the other, depending on availability and suitability. See pickle.py in Python 3 as an example: the slow (pure Python) code resides in pickle.py; the fast (C code) in _pickle.so (on Windows, a built-in module). Near the end of pickle.py, there is a line "from _pickle import *" which, if successful, overrides (replaces) any previous definitions; if not, the ImportError is trapped and the previously defined Python code remains valid. Unlike the 2.x series, where you should decide to "import cPickle" or "import pickle" (or attempt both, cathcing the ImportError), here you only have to "import pickle" in your code; if the fast module is present, it is automatically loaded and used; else, the slow but compatible version is used. You don't even have to know that an alternative implementation exists. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: search through this list's email archives
En Fri, 24 Jun 2011 11:33:23 -0300, Grant Edwards escribió: On 2011-06-24, Gabriel Genellina wrote: En Thu, 23 Jun 2011 13:11:32 -0300, Cathy James escribi?: I looked through this forum's archives, but I can't find a way to search for a topic through the archive. Am I missing something? Gmane provides a search capability also: http://blog.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.general FWIW, I've found the Gmane search feature to be very unreliable. It often overlooks a lot of matching articles for no apparent reason. It seems no single provider is perfect. Google searching capability is quite good, but for some reason, many posts are missing, often the initial post head of a thread. The "Python-URL" summaries usually include a Google Groups url, but sometimes I have to link to Gmane, velocityreviews.com or even to the list archives at python.org because of that problem. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: search through this list's email archives
En Thu, 23 Jun 2011 13:11:32 -0300, Cathy James escribió: I looked through this forum's archives, but I can't find a way to search for a topic through the archive. Am I missing something? Gmane provides a search capability also: http://blog.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.general -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 2.7.2 for Windows reports version as 2.7.0?
En Sun, 19 Jun 2011 12:35:38 -0300, escribió: The version info comes from the DLL - I wonder if the DLL being found is somehow old? Make sure: >>> import sys >>> win32api.GetModuleFileName(sys.dllhandle) Is the DLL you expect. After uninstalling and reinstalling for the current user only (vs. all users), Python now reports the correct version number. And running your code above confirms that the proper DLL is being loaded (c:\Python27\Python27.dll). My original version of Python 2.7.0 was installed for all users and when I ran the 2.7.2 MSI I chose to install for all users as well. After running the 2.7.2 MSI, my Python exe's had the correct timestamps, but I failed to check the python27.dll timestamp to see if this file was out-of-date. I wonder if changing my install method to current user forced the installation of the updated python27.dll? And perhaps the default 2.7.2 installation in all users mode (when one is updating an existing 2.7 installation) doesn't update the Python27.dll under some conditions? In a "for all users" install, python27.dll goes into c:\windows\system32, not c:\python27 Maybe you installed 2.7.0 twice, "for all users" and also "for current user only", and both in the same directory (c:\python27). That could explain the old .dll in the install directory; the new one goes into system32, but the old one takes precedence. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'float' and 'tuple'
En Fri, 10 Jun 2011 07:30:28 -0300, Francesc Segura
escribió:
Hello all, I'm new to this and I'm having problems on summing two
values at python.
I get the following error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\edge-bc (2).py", line 168, in
if (costGG <= cost + T0):
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'float' and 'tuple'
I see Tim Chase already told you about this error. Let me make a few
comments about the rest.
try:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
except:
raise
I guess the above try/except was left from some earlier debugging attempt
- such an except clause is useless, just omit it.
T0 = 0.5
RO = 0.99
Perhaps those names make sense in your problem at hand, but usually I try
to use more meaningful ones. 0 and O look very similar in some fonts.
for i in range(len(edges)):
total = 0
cost = 0
factor = 1
liedges = list(edges[i])
linode1 = list(liedges[0])
linode2 = list(liedges[1])
list(something) creates a new list out of the elements from `something`.
You're just iterating here, so there is no need to duplicate those lists.
In addition, Python is not C: the `for` statement iterates over a
collection, you don't have to iterate over the indices and dereference
each item:
for liedges in edges:
linode1 = liedges[0]
linode2 = liedges[1]
distance = (((linode2[0]-linode1[0])%N)^2)+(((linode2[1]-
linode1[1])%N)^2)
That doesn't evaluate what you think it does. ^ is the "bitwise xor"
operator, and I bet you want **, the "power" operator.
total = total + cost
return(total)
return is not a function but a statement; those () are unnecesary and
confusing.
And I think you want to initialize total=0 *before* entering the loop;
also, initializing cost and factor is unnecesary.
def costGeasy(G):
bc = NX.edge_betweenness_centrality(G,normalized=True)
total = 0
for i in range(len(bc)):
total=total+bc.values()[i]
return (total)
bc = NX.edge_betweenness_centrality(G,normalized=True)
values = bc.values()
total = sum(values)
return total
==>
return sum(bc.values())
pos={}
for i in range(NODES):
pos[nod[i]]=(nod[i][0]/(N*1.0),nod[i][1]/(N*1.0))
In Python version 2.x, 1/3 evals to 0, but that's a mistake; it is fixed
in the 3.x version. If you put this line at the top of your script:
from __future__ import division
then 1/3 returns 0....
When you actually want integer division, use //, like 1//3
So we can rewrite the above as:
from __future__ import division
...
for node in nod:
pos[node] = (node[0] / N, node[1] / N)
Another way, not relying on true division:
divisor = float(N)
for node in nod:
pos[node] = (node[0] / divisor, node[1] / divisor)
or even:
pos = dict((node, (node[0] / divisor, node[1] / divisor)) for node in nod)
for y in range(NK):
for x in range(ITERATIONS):
cost = costG(G)
if (cost < (best_cost)):
best_graph = G
best_cost = cost
GG = G
Again, I think this doesn't do what you think it does. GG = G means "let's
use the name GG for the object currently known as G". GG is not a "copy"
of G, just a different name for the very same object. Later operations
like GG.remove_edge(...) modify the object - and you'll see the changes in
G, and in best_graph, because those names all refer to the same object.
I think you'll benefit from reading this:
http://effbot.org/zone/python-objects.htm
a = random.randint(0,NODES-1)
b = random.randint(0,NODES-1)
adj=G.adjacency_list()
while ((nod[b] in adj[a]) or (b == a)):
a = random.randint(0,NODES-1)
b = random.randint(0,NODES-1)
GG.add_edge(nod[a],nod[b])
As above, I'd avoid using indexes, take two random nodes using
random.sample instead, and avoid adjacency_list():
while True:
a, b = random.sample(nod, 2)
if b not in G[a]:
break
GG.add_edge(a, b)
(mmm, I'm unsure of the adjacency test, I've used networkx some time ago
but I don't have it available right now)
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'float' and 'tuple'
En Fri, 10 Jun 2011 07:30:28 -0300, Francesc Segura
escribió:
Hello all, I'm new to this and I'm having problems on summing two
values at python.
I get the following error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\edge-bc (2).py", line 168, in
if (costGG <= cost + T0):
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'float' and 'tuple'
I see Tim Chase already told you about this error. Let me make a few
comments about the rest.
try:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
except:
raise
I guess the above try/except was left from some earlier debugging attempt
- such an except clause is useless, just omit it.
T0 = 0.5
RO = 0.99
Perhaps those names make sense in your problem at hand, but usually I try
to use more meaningful ones. 0 and O look very similar in some fonts.
for i in range(len(edges)):
total = 0
cost = 0
factor = 1
liedges = list(edges[i])
linode1 = list(liedges[0])
linode2 = list(liedges[1])
list(something) creates a new list out of the elements from `something`.
You're just iterating here, so there is no need to duplicate those lists.
In addition, Python is not C: the `for` statement iterates over a
collection, you don't have to iterate over the indices and dereference
each item:
for liedges in edges:
linode1 = liedges[0]
linode2 = liedges[1]
distance = (((linode2[0]-linode1[0])%N)^2)+(((linode2[1]-
linode1[1])%N)^2)
That doesn't evaluate what you think it does. ^ is the "bitwise xor"
operator, and I bet you want **, the "power" operator.
total = total + cost
return(total)
return is not a function but a statement; those () are unnecesary and
confusing.
And I think you want to initialize total=0 *before* entering the loop;
also, initializing cost and factor is unnecesary.
def costGeasy(G):
bc = NX.edge_betweenness_centrality(G,normalized=True)
total = 0
for i in range(len(bc)):
total=total+bc.values()[i]
return (total)
bc = NX.edge_betweenness_centrality(G,normalized=True)
values = bc.values()
total = sum(values)
return total
==>
return sum(bc.values())
pos={}
for i in range(NODES):
pos[nod[i]]=(nod[i][0]/(N*1.0),nod[i][1]/(N*1.0))
In Python version 2.x, 1/3 evals to 0, but that's a mistake; it is fixed
in the 3.x version. If you put this line at the top of your script:
from __future__ import division
then 1/3 returns 0....
When you actually want integer division, use //, like 1//3
So we can rewrite the above as:
from __future__ import division
...
for node in nod:
pos[node] = (node[0] / N, node[1] / N)
Another way, not relying on true division:
divisor = float(N)
for node in nod:
pos[node] = (node[0] / divisor, node[1] / divisor)
or even:
pos = dict((node, (node[0] / divisor, node[1] / divisor)) for node in nod)
for y in range(NK):
for x in range(ITERATIONS):
cost = costG(G)
if (cost < (best_cost)):
best_graph = G
best_cost = cost
GG = G
Again, I think this doesn't do what you think it does. GG = G means "let's
use the name GG for the object currently known as G". GG is not a "copy"
of G, just a different name for the very same object. Later operations
like GG.remove_edge(...) modify the object - and you'll see the changes in
G, and in best_graph, because those names all refer to the same object.
I think you'll benefit from reading this:
http://effbot.org/zone/python-objects.htm
a = random.randint(0,NODES-1)
b = random.randint(0,NODES-1)
adj=G.adjacency_list()
while ((nod[b] in adj[a]) or (b == a)):
a = random.randint(0,NODES-1)
b = random.randint(0,NODES-1)
GG.add_edge(nod[a],nod[b])
As above, I'd avoid using indexes, take two random nodes using
random.sample instead, and avoid adjacency_list():
while True:
a, b = random.sample(nod, 2)
if b not in G[a]:
break
GG.add_edge(a, b)
(mmm, I'm unsure of the adjacency test, I've used networkx some time ago
but I don't have it available right now)
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: help on QUICKFIX
En Fri, 10 Jun 2011 04:13:05 -0300, prakash jp escribió: I am using quickfix, would like to start with that ..\quickfix-1.13.3\quickfix\examples\executor\python\executor.py asks for a configuration file how should it look like. This one? http://www.quickfixengine.org/ I see a forum and a mailing list - I think you'll get more help there. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problems Compiling Python 2.6.7 for Win7
En Wed, 08 Jun 2011 12:28:56 -0300, Jay Osako escribió: I have been trying to get PyODBC to work with Python 2.6 (the latest version it is known to be compatible with) and Django, but have run into a problem which, according to the information I've got elsewhere, probably stems from a DLL incompatibility - apparently, [...] The first of these problems is, of course, tracking down a copy of VC+ + 2008 Express. While one would think that this would be the simplest solution, Microsfot themselves no longer provide the installer for this, and I'm not sure I'd trust most of the other sources claiming to provide it. Doesn't http://www.microsoft.com/express/Downloads/#2008-Visual-CPP work for you? I didn't try past the initial download prompt, but it seems to be the right version. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Function call arguments in stack trace?
En Tue, 07 Jun 2011 15:09:54 -0300, Dun Peal
escribió:
In a stack trace, is it possible to somehow get the arguments with
which each function was called?
So for example, if function `foo` in module `bar` was called with
arguments `(1, [2])` when it raised an exception, then instead of:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "bar.py", line 123, in foo
build_rpms()
The stack trace would read:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "bar.py", line 123, in foo(1, [2])
build_rpms()
This would save a lot of debugging time!
The cgitb module does exactly that; some third-party modules offer similar
functionality, but I don't remember any names.
Despite its name, cgitb works with any script.
Given this test script:
# begin test_traceback.py
import cgitb
cgitb.enable(format="text")
spam = []
def a(x, y):
"This is function a"
z = x+y
return b(z)
def b(z, n=3):
"""This is function b.
Its docstring is longer."""
if n!=3:
just(to_consume_space)
w = c(foo=z*n)
return w
def c(foo=0, bar=1):
"This is function c"
baz = foo+bar
spam.somenamethatdoesnotexist(foo+bar)
anotherglobal("thatdoesnotexisteither")
a(10, 20)
# end test_traceback.py
the output is:
AttributeError
Python 3.2: d:\apps\Python32\python.exe
Tue Jun 7 23:36:36 2011
A problem occurred in a Python script. Here is the sequence of
function calls leading up to the error, in the order they occurred.
D:\TEMP\test_traceback.py in ()
27 baz = foo+bar
28 spam.somenamethatdoesnotexist(foo+bar)
29 anotherglobal("thatdoesnotexisteither")
30
31 a(10, 20)
a =
D:\TEMP\test_traceback.py in a(x=10, y=20)
7 "This is function a"
8 z = x+y
9 return b(z)
10
11
global b =
z = 30
D:\TEMP\test_traceback.py in b(z=30, n=3)
18 just(to_consume_space)
19
20 w = c(foo=z*n)
21
22 return w
w undefined
global c =
foo undefined
z = 30
n = 3
D:\TEMP\test_traceback.py in c(foo=90, bar=1)
26 "This is function c"
27 baz = foo+bar
28 spam.somenamethatdoesnotexist(foo+bar)
29 anotherglobal("thatdoesnotexisteither")
30
global spam = []
spam.somenamethatdoesnotexist undefined
foo = 90
bar = 1
AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'somenamethatdoesnotexist'
[... exception attributes ...]
[... original traceback ...]
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sys.tracebacklimit not working in Python 3.2?
En Fri, 27 May 2011 17:38:50 -0300, Thorsten Kampe escribió: sys.tracebacklimit = 0 The 3.2 documentation says "When set to 0 or less, all traceback information is suppressed and only the exception type and value are printed". Bug? Yes; reported at http://bugs.python.org/issue12276 -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Print Window on IDLE
En Mon, 06 Jun 2011 14:48:26 -0300, Steve Oldner
escribió:
Seems to work using 2.7 but not 3.2. On 3.2 it just closes all my
python sessions. Is this a bug? Can someone point me to a "How To" on
using a local printer in windows?
It's a bug. Starting IDLE from the command line, one can actually see the
error:
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\apps\python32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1399, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
File "D:\apps\python32\lib\idlelib\IOBinding.py", line 453, in
print_window
command = idleConf.GetOption('main','General','print-command-win')
File "D:\apps\python32\lib\idlelib\configHandler.py", line 245, in
GetOption
type=type, raw=raw)
File "D:\apps\python32\lib\idlelib\configHandler.py", line 54, in Get
return self.get(section, option, raw=raw)
File "D:\apps\python32\lib\configparser.py", line 789, in get
d)
File "D:\apps\python32\lib\configparser.py", line 391, in before_get
self._interpolate_some(parser, option, L, value, section, defaults, 1)
File "D:\apps\python32\lib\configparser.py", line 440, in
_interpolate_some
"found: %r" % (rest,))
configparser.InterpolationSyntaxError: '%' must be followed by '%' or '(',
found
: '%s'
IDLE is attempting to read an entry from its configuration file, but fails
because of a syntax error in the file (it's an error for a ConfigParser
entry, %s should be %%s). The same entry was fine for earlier IDLE
versions. As a workaround, you may edit the offending lines in your
configuration file.
Go to the idlelib directory; if you don't know where it is, just open idle
or Python command line and execute:
py> import idlelib
py> idlelib.__file__
'D:\\apps\\python32\\lib\\idlelib\\__init__.py'
In the same directory you'll find config-main.def; open it, and replace
these lines in the [General] section:
print-command-posix=lpr %%s
print-command-win=start /min notepad /p %%s
(%s should become %%s). Tested on Windows, but Linux should have the same
problem and temporary solution. You may need to roll this change back when
the code is corrected.
Reported as http://bugs.python.org/issue12274
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: GIL in alternative implementations
En Sat, 28 May 2011 14:05:16 -0300, Steven D'Aprano escribió: On Sat, 28 May 2011 09:39:08 -0700, John Nagle wrote: Python allows patching code while the code is executing. Can you give an example of what you mean by this? If I have a function: def f(a, b): c = a + b d = c*3 return "hello world"*d how would I patch this function while it is executing? I think John Nagle was thinking about rebinding names: def f(self, a, b): while b>0: b = g(b) c = a + b d = self.h(c*3) return "hello world"*d both g and self.h may change its meaning from one iteration to the next, so a complete name lookup is required at each iteration. This is very useful sometimes, but affects performance a lot. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: except KeyError, everywhere
En Fri, 03 Jun 2011 21:02:56 -0300, Nobody escribió: On Fri, 03 Jun 2011 22:08:16 +0200, Wilbert Berendsen wrote: I find myself all over the place associating objects with each other using dicts as caches: The general concept is called "memoization". There isn't an implementation in the standard library Yes, there is, in Python 3.2: http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/functools.html#functools.lru_cache -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Best way to compute length of arbitrary dimension vector?
> The dimension is arbitrary, though, so: > > length = reduce(math.hypot, self._coords, 0) > Thanks, I was going to ask Algis that same question. But still, is this solution really faster or better than the one using list comprehension and the expression 'x*x'? It seems to me that the above solution (using hypot) involves repeated square roots (with subsequent squaring). Best regards, Gabriel. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Alternatives to PythonPath
En Sun, 29 May 2011 18:49:28 -0300, ray escribió: I am using Win7 on a tightly locked down desktop. Is there an alternative to using PythonPath? What are the trade-offs? Usually there is no need to define the PYTHONPATH variable; I never use it. There is a per-user site-packages directory (2.6 and up), on Windows it is located at %APPDATA%\Python\PythonXX\site-packages. Every user gets its own %APPDATA% directory, with read and write permissions. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Best way to compute length of arbitrary dimension vector?
En Mon, 30 May 2011 06:46:01 -0300, Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> escribió: Gabriel wrote: Well, the subject says it almost all: I'd like to write a small Vector class for arbitrary-dimensional vectors. class Vector(object): ... def __init__(self, *coords): ... self._coords = coords ... def __abs__(self): ... return math.sqrt(sum(x*x for x in self._coords)) ... import math abs(Vector(1,1)) 1.4142135623730951 abs(Vector(3,4)) 5.0 Using math.fsum instead of sum may improve accuracy, specially when len(coords)≫2 py> import math py> py> def f1(*args): ... return math.sqrt(sum(x*x for x in args)) ... py> def f2(*args): ... return math.sqrt(math.fsum(x*x for x in args)) ... py> pi=math.pi py> args=[pi]*16 py> abs(f1(*args)/4 - pi) 4.4408920985006262e-16 py> abs(f2(*args)/4 - pi) 0.0 -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Best way to compute length of arbitrary dimension vector?
Thanks a lot to both of you, Chris & Peter! (I knew the solution would be simple ... ;-) ) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Best way to compute length of arbitrary dimension vector?
Well, the subject says it almost all: I'd like to write a small Vector class for arbitrary-dimensional vectors. I am wondering what would be the most efficient and/or most elegant way to compute the length of such a Vector? Right now, I've got def length(self): # x.length() = || x || total = 0.0 for k in range(len(self._coords)): d = self._coords[k] total += d*d return sqrt(total) However, that seems a bit awkward to me (at least in Python ;-) ). I know there is the reduce() function, but I can't seem to find a way to apply that to the case here (at least, not without jumping through too many hoops). I have also googled a bit, but found nothing really elegant. Any ideas? Best regards, Gabriel. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: pexpect: TIMEOUT no longer clears child.before
En Thu, 19 May 2011 08:29:21 -0300, Adrian Casey escribió: The behaviour of pexpect has changed between version 2.1 and 2.3. In version 2.1, the following code would result in child.before being cleared -: >>>child.expect(pexpect.TIMEOUT,1) In version 2.3, this is no longer the case. No matter how many times the above code is run, child.before continues to hold the output from previous commands. It is important to be able to clear the contents of child.before between each command. What is the correct way to do this in version 2.3? Try contacting the author: www.noah.org -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hotshoting recursive function
En Sun, 22 May 2011 10:42:08 -0300, Selvam escribió: I am using hotshot module to profile my python function. I used the details from ( http://code.activestate.com/recipes/576656-quick-python-profiling-with-hotshot/ ). The function I profile is a recursive one and I am getting the following error, "ProfilerError: profiler already active" I guess this is due to the recursive call to the profiling function. I would like to get some suggestions. The recursive call inside your function should call the undecorated function, not the decorated function again. Decorator syntax is not convenient anymore. Using the same names as in the recipe example: # a recursive function def my_slow_function(n): ... return my_slow_function(n-1) my_profiled_slow_function = hotshotit(my_slow_function) my_profiled_slow_function(n) This works, in the sense that it does not raise ProfileError anymore. Interpreting profile data is up to you... -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Multiple file select with tkFileDialog passes back 'decorated' strings (sometimes)
En Mon, 23 May 2011 10:00:53 -0300, Alex van der Spek
escribió:
I switched from Mark Hammonds pywin32 extensions for file choosers as
the multiselect there seems to crash on me when selecting more than a
few dozen. Using Tk now. Works well but the resulting string passed back
seems to 'decorated' when the files are on local disk and not decorated
when retrieved over a USB interface from an external disk?
I do this:
From local disk I get back:
'{file1.bin} {file2.bin}'
From external disk I get back:
'file1.bin file2.bin'
I can handle/parse both, not an issue but it raises the question: Are
these the only two possibilities? Is it the same across platforms (I use
Python 2.7 on Win Vista)?
An old bug. See http://bugs.python.org/issue5712 for a workaround.
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: cPickle -> invalid signature
En Tue, 17 May 2011 15:26:53 -0300, Neal Becker escribió: Gabriel Genellina wrote: En Tue, 17 May 2011 08:41:41 -0300, Neal Becker escribió: What does it mean when cPickle.load says: RuntimeError: invalid signature Is binary format not portable? Are you sure that's the actual error message? I cannot find such message anywhere in the sources. The pickle format is quite portable, even cross-version. As a generic answer, make sure you open the file in binary mode, both when writing and reading. Yes, that's the message. Part of what is pickled is a numpy array. I am writing on a 32-bit linux system and reading on a 64-bit system. Reading on the 64-bit system is no problem. Maybe the message comes from numpy's unpickling? Maybe, at least 'invalid signature' makes sense in Numpy. In that case, a better place to ask would be a numpy specific list, see http://www.scipy.org/Mailing_Lists -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: cPickle -> invalid signature
En Tue, 17 May 2011 15:26:53 -0300, Neal Becker escribió: Gabriel Genellina wrote: En Tue, 17 May 2011 08:41:41 -0300, Neal Becker escribió: What does it mean when cPickle.load says: RuntimeError: invalid signature Is binary format not portable? Are you sure that's the actual error message? I cannot find such message anywhere in the sources. The pickle format is quite portable, even cross-version. As a generic answer, make sure you open the file in binary mode, both when writing and reading. Yes, that's the message. Part of what is pickled is a numpy array. I am writing on a 32-bit linux system and reading on a 64-bit system. Reading on the 64-bit system is no problem. Maybe the message comes from numpy's unpickling? Maybe, at least 'invalid signature' makes sense in Numpy. In that case, a better place to ask would be a numpy specific list, see http://www.scipy.org/Mailing_Lists -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: FW: help please
En Tue, 17 May 2011 16:48:29 -0300, Albert Hopkins escribió: On Tue, 2011-05-17 at 10:18 -0600, Littlefield, Tyler wrote: Not to be pedantic or anything, and I may not be able to help regardless, but it looks like your space key is fixed, and I don't really care to pick through and try to play hangman with your message. I actually, at first glance, thought it was spam, ignored it, and was wondering why people were replying to it :| I can't remember exactly in which release 'perfect English skills' were added to Python runtime requirements, could you please refresh my memory? -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: cPickle -> invalid signature
En Tue, 17 May 2011 08:41:41 -0300, Neal Becker escribió: What does it mean when cPickle.load says: RuntimeError: invalid signature Is binary format not portable? Are you sure that's the actual error message? I cannot find such message anywhere in the sources. The pickle format is quite portable, even cross-version. As a generic answer, make sure you open the file in binary mode, both when writing and reading. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: FW: help please
En Tue, 17 May 2011 06:43:51 -0300, hamed azarkeshb escribió: hi dearinwant to useautomation with catiaby python,but i dont know,how do we can creat catsafearrayvariant in python?please help me.i need urhelp by one example.thank u forany thing There are two sides when you want to use automation with Python: * learn how to do automation by itself, how COM works, how to invoke a COM server from Python. This is mostly application-independent. A good resource is "Python Programming in Win32" book by Mark Hammond. Chapter 5 "Introduction to COM" is exactly what you need, and is available for preview in Google Books: http://books.google.com.ar/books?id=fzUCGtyg0MMC&lpg=PA65&pg=PA65#v=onepage&f=false * learn how to use the actual objects exposed by the desired application. Usually, documentation is available for VBA or other languages, but can be easily translated into Python terms. So I'd say you first read the book, then search the documentation about CATSafeArrayVariant and see how to create it, and then translate that into Python. Feel free to post any problem you encounter, a better place would be the python-win32 list: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-win32 Good luck! -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Datetime.timedelta
En Tue, 17 May 2011 07:44:08 -0300, Tsolmon Narantsogt escribió: I'm using datetime.timedelta and i have a problem delta = 1 day, 2:30:00 hours = delta.days * 8 how to add 8 + 2:30:00 Just operate with it as it were a number. The timedelta class implements all "sane" mathematical operations. py> from datetime import * py> def timedelta_from_dhms(days=0, hours=0, mins=0, secs=0): ... return timedelta(days, hours*3600 + mins*60 + secs) ... py> delta = timedelta_from_dhms(1, 2, 30) py> delta datetime.timedelta(1, 9000) py> hours = delta.days * 8 py> delta + hours Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'datetime.timedelta' and 'int' py> hours = timedelta_from_dhms(0, delta.days * 8) py> hours datetime.timedelta(0, 28800) py> delta + hours datetime.timedelta(1, 37800) py> def dhms_from_timedelta(td): ... return td.days, td.seconds // 3600, (td.seconds % 3600) // 60, td.seconds % 60 ... py> dhms_from_timedelta(delta + hours) (1, 10, 30, 0) -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: turn monitor off and on
En Sat, 14 May 2011 03:08:44 -0300, Astan Chee escribió: I'm trying to turn off my monitor, pause and then turn it on again. I'm doing this in python 2.6 and windows xp. Here is my script so far (that doesn't work): def turnOnMonitor(): SC_MONITORPOWER = 0xF170 win32gui.SendMessage(win32con.HWND_BROADCAST, win32con.WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_MONITORPOWER, -1) For some reason, the script doesn't turn the monitor back on. What am I doing wrong here or are there any other alternative? Your script worked fine for me, 2.6 and XP also. Perhaps your monitor device driver is buggy or does not implement the required functionality. Mine is from Philips. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Import on case insensitive filesystem
En Fri, 13 May 2011 15:43:23 -0300, Mitchell Hashimoto escribió: I'm developing an app which runs Python on a filesystem which is not case sensitive (Mac OS X), but is mounted as an NFS drive on a remote machine. This causes errors because of the import being case sensitive but accessing an FS which is case insensitive. Short of copying the entire directory tree over to another filesystem, is there anything I can do to flag Python to act as though it were on a case sensitive FS? Try creating an environment variable PYTHONCASEOK with any value. See http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0235/ for details. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Peculiar Behaviour of __builtins__
En Thu, 12 May 2011 22:59:24 -0300, Gabriel Genellina escribió: En Thu, 12 May 2011 20:29:57 -0300, Aman Nijhawan escribió: I was trying to call the builtin function min by using getattr(__builtins__,'min') This works at the interpretter prompt However when I called it inside a module that was imported by another module it fails and gives an attribute error __builtins__ (note the final 's') is an implementation detail. You want the __builtin__ (no 's') module, renamed 'builtin' in Python 3.x Should read "...renamed 'builtins' in Python 3.x, just to add to the confusion." :) -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Peculiar Behaviour of __builtins__
En Thu, 12 May 2011 20:29:57 -0300, Aman Nijhawan escribió: I was trying to call the builtin function min by using getattr(__builtins__,'min') This works at the interpretter prompt However when I called it inside a module that was imported by another module it fails and gives an attribute error __builtins__ (note the final 's') is an implementation detail. You want the __builtin__ (no 's') module, renamed 'builtin' in Python 3.x py> import __builtin__ py> builtin_min = __builtin__.min py> builtin_min([8,2,5]) 2 See http://docs.python.org/library/__builtin__.html Note: using getattr with a literal name is not so useful. Better to use dot notation. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: NewBie Doubt in Python Thread Programming
En Wed, 11 May 2011 03:57:13 -0300, vijay swaminathan escribió: Hi All, I'm new bie to thread programming and I need some assistance in understanding few concepts ... I have a very simple program which runs a thread and prints a string. import threading class MyThread(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, parent = None): threading.Thread.__init__(self) def run(self): print 'Hello World' def main(): for i in range(10): MyThread_Object = MyThread() print 'Object id is : ' , id(MyThread_Object) print 'Staring thread --> ' , MyThread_Object.getName() MyThread_Object.start() count = threading.activeCount() print 'The active thread count is: ' , count if __name__ == '__main__': main() When I run this, I could see 10 thread being called. But when I print the active thread count it is only 2. Need some understanding on the following. 1. How the total active thread is 2? Because most of them have already finished by then. Your run() method executes quite fast. Make it take more time (maybe by adding time.sleep(1)) and you'll see 10 active threads. 2. how do I stop a thread? does it get automatically stopped after execution ? You don't; a trhread runs until the run() method exits. After that, the OS thread finishes. The Python object (a threading.Thread instance) is still alive (until the last reference to it disappears, as any other object). 3. Am I totally wrong in understanding the concepts. I don't know... 4. what is the difference between active_count() and activeCount() since both seem to give the same result. Nothing. active_count is the preferred Python spelling per PEP8; activeCount is the original Java spelling. 5. is there a way to find out if the thread is still active or dead? Yes, use is_alive() -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: This it is the code of tmb_import.py (to matter of .tmb to blender) I need tmb_exporter.py (to export of blender to .tmb) Thanks.
En Tue, 10 May 2011 15:51:03 -0300, Jean Carlos Páez Ramírez escribió: The attached file is script of blender fact in python that .tmb serves to concern archives (secondly attached file), unloadings to blender and uses Por lo que pude entender, tu problema es bastante específico de Blender, así que tal vez te convenga preguntar en un foro como: http://www.g-blender.org/ (específicamente dedicado a Blender 3D en español) También está la comunidad de Python Argentina: http://python.org.ar/pyar/ (busca la lista de correo) Suerte! -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Testing tools classification
En Sat, 07 May 2011 02:21:02 -0300, rusi escribió: There is this nice page of testing tools taxonomy: http://pycheesecake.org/wiki/PythonTestingToolsTaxonomy But it does not list staf: http://staf.sourceforge.net/index.php. The good thing about wikis is, you can add it yourself. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to upload a file
En Wed, 27 Apr 2011 11:14:54 -0300, Torsten Bronger escribió: Hallöchen! I'm skimming through the various recipies for uploading a file via HTTP. Unfortunately, all of them are awkward but also rather old. (See for example http://stackoverflow.com/questions/68477/send-file-using-post-from-a-python-script) In my module, I do my HTTP request like this: opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookielib.CookieJar())) opener.open(url, urllib.urlencode(data, doseq=True)) Well, and now I'd also like to include a file upload to the POST data. The solution should use urllib2, otherwise I'd have to change most of my existing code. If you now say "Torsten, unfortunately it *is* so complicated" I'll jump through the hoops, but I'd love to hear that with Python 2.6.5 there's an easier way. ;-) This particular battery isn't included (yet - see http://bugs.python.org/issue3244) but this little library may help: https://bitbucket.org/chrisatlee/poster -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Access violation reading 0x00000010
En Thu, 28 Apr 2011 03:35:48 -0300, yuan zheng
escribió:
Sorry , the path is just an example.
This is not the question I think. Because there is lots of api
in libcommon-0.dll, and there is no fault when invoking other
api, such as libcommon.SIM_start().. It's just fault when invoking
this api -> SIM_init(). So I wanna which situation would lead to this
error:
--
WindowsError: exception: access violation reading 0x0010
--
On Thu, Apr 28, 2011 at 4:01 PM, yuan zheng
wrote:
>
> libcommon = CDLL("c:\libcommon-0.dll", RTLD_GLOBAL)
>
> libcommon.SIM_init() -> This is the invoking.
It's hard to guess, but if you get an access violation just from those two
lines of code, I'd say the problem is inside SIM_init() itself.
It may be attempting to dereference a NULL pointer: accessing a field
inside a struct, or calling a virtual function from a NULL object...
Also, make sure CDLL is the right choice; it implies a prototype like this:
int cdecl SIM_INIT(void);
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
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Re: argparse parser stores lists instead of strings
En Thu, 28 Apr 2011 04:24:46 -0300, Andrew Berg
escribió:
I've set up groups of arguments for a script I'm writing, and any time I
give an argument a value, it gets stored as a list instead of a string,
even if I explicitly tell it to store a string. Arguments declared with
other types (e.g. float, int) and default values are stored as expected.
For example:
vidin_args=parser.add_argument_group('Video Input Options', 'Various
options that control how the video file is demuxed/decoded.')
vidin_args.add_argument('-m', dest='vmode', nargs=1, type=str,
metavar='video_mode', choices=['ntsc', 'pal', 'film', 'ivtc'],
default='ntsc', help='Valid values are "ntsc", "pal", "film" and
"ivtc".')
...more arguments...
opts=parser.parse_args()
If I assign a value on the command line (e.g. -m pal), opts.vmode is a
list, otherwise it's a string. This is pretty bad since I can't know
whether to get opts.vmode or opts.vmode[0] later in the script. I could
loop through all the options and convert each option to a string, but
that's not really something I want to do, especially if I start adding
more options.
That's because of nargs=1. From the argparse documentation: [1]
Note that nargs=1 produces a list of one item. This is different from the
default, in which the item is produced by itself.
So, just remove nargs=1 from add_argument()
[1] http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/argparse.html#nargs
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PYTHONPATH
En Fri, 15 Apr 2011 05:33:18 -0300, Algis Kabaila escribió: An elementary question that is bugging me, regarding sys.path values.sys.path can be altered easily, but the changes last for the current session only. I would like the changes to stay for several sessions. Is PYTHONPATH a system variable that sets the path for several sessions and if so, where in the system is it? Do I need to create one for setting python path for several sessions? PYTHONPATH is an environment variable, you set it the same way as any other, the details depend on the operating system/shell you're currently using. But - why do you think you need to set PYTHONPATH? Don't do that. Use the standard places to put your library modules and packages, like site-packages (where third-party libraries are installed by default). From Python 2.6+ the search path includes per-user directories like ~/.local/lib/python2.6/site-packages and %APPDATA%\Python\Python26\site-packages (see PEP370 [1] for details) so you don't even have to mess with the Python installation directories. [1] http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0370/ -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help Amigos
On 11 abr, 09:01, Gabriel Novaes wrote: > Hello community > > My name is Gabriel. I'am from Brazil. 27. I finished last year > Degree in Computer Engineering and I would go to the U.S.A > to learn the local language. > I wonder how is the market for developers, which > city is best for this? > I program for 5 years PHP (MVC) and for the past four months I > working with Python and Django. Incidentally, I love it and work on it > > Working on a site in Brazil claims, moreover, the largest site > latin america complaints. (ser for 'reclamação' in google.com.br). > > I would like to review and help the community. I am very interested in > live in the USA. > > Even more. Visit my site and to know my job. www.igrow.com.br -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Help Amigos
Hello community My name is Gabriel. I'am from Brazil. 27. I finished last year Degree in Computer Engineering and I would go to the U.S.A to learn the local language. I wonder how is the market for developers, which city is best for this? I program for 5 years PHP (MVC) and for the past four months I working with Python and Django. Incidentally, I love it and work on it Working on a site in Brazil claims, moreover, the largest site latin america complaints. (ser for 'reclamação' in google.com.br). I would like to review and help the community. I am very interested in live in the USA. Even more. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to build and upload eggs to pypi?
On 21 mar, 08:53, morphex wrote: > Hi, > > I have a couple of project which are on PyPi, and now I'd like to > update some of them. Is there a good howto somewhere, showing how to > add new versions (instead of updating one that's already there) etc? There is a tutorial: http://wiki.python.org/moin/CheeseShopTutorial To add a new version, simply increment the version number, and then "python setup.py upload" should be enough. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: puzzle about file Object.readlines()
On 19 mar, 16:05, Dave Angel wrote:
> On 01/-10/-28163 02:59 PM, MRAB wrote:
> > On 19/03/2011 13:15, 林桦 wrote:
> >> i use python 2.5. os is window 7.
> >> the puzzle is :python don't read the leave text when meet character:
> >> chr(26)
> >> the code is:
> >> /fileObject=open('d:\\temp\\1.txt','w')
> >> fileObject.write('22\r\n')
> >> fileObject.write(chr(26)+'\r\n')
> >> fileObject.write('33')
> >> fileObject.close()
> >> fileObject=open('d:\\temp\\1.txt','r')
> >> i=0
> >> for line in fileObject:
> >> i+=1
> >> print str(i)+'**'+line
> >> fileObject.close()/
>
> >> the output only print:
> >> />>>
> >> 1**22/
>
> >> but can't print next line text:/'33'' 。who tell me why?
> >> /
>
> > chr(26) can sometimes be used in text files to indicate the end of the text.
>
> > In Microsoft Windows it dates from MS-DOS, which borrowed from CP/M, an
> > operating
> > system which stored the file size as the number of 128-byte records.
> > chr(26) was used to
> > indicate where the text ended in the last record.
>
> On Win a ctrl-z is end of file. So if you want to read beyond the end
> of a text file, you have to pretend it's binary. Open it with "rb"
> instead of "r"
Using mode "rU" may be more convenient, because it still translates \r
\n into \n but disregards chr(26) as a special marker.
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
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Re: favicon.ico problem
En Tue, 10 Aug 2010 01:32:49 -0300, Navkirat Singh escribió: I am having this strange problem. I have programmed a very basic multiprocessing webserver using low level sockets. Each time the server receives a request it spawns a new process to handle the request. Now when through a web browser I type http://localhost:8001/ it automatically creates two processes: One process to server the '/' path and another one to serve the '/favicon.ico' path. I have not programmed it to serve the latter. Infact I dont even know where that name '/favicon.ico' comes from. Any insight into this weird behavior would be greatly appreciated. It't the browser attempting to get an icon for the page. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favicon -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: easy question on parsing python: "is not None"
En Mon, 09 Aug 2010 08:41:23 -0300, saeed.gnu escribió: "x is y" means "id(y) == id(y)" "x is not y" means "id(x) != id(x)" No; consider this: py> id([])==id([]) True py> [] is [] False Comparing id's is the same as using the is operator only if you can guarantee that both operands are alive at the same time. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: easy question on parsing python: "is not None"
En Sat, 07 Aug 2010 04:04:06 -0300, Stefan Schwarzer escribió: On 2010-08-07 00:28, Steven D'Aprano wrote: Actually, yes, equality is implemented with a short-cut that checks for identity first. That makes something like: [...] Oops, I didn't realize that the OP had mentioned the identity check as an optimization in case the objects are the same. I thought he was confusing the operator with `is`. s = "abc"*1000*1000*10 s == s nice and quick, as Python can immediately recognise that a string is always equal to itself without having to walk the entire string comparing each character with itself. Yes, that definitely makes sense. I guess I would have implemented it this way as well. :) For strings and other internal types this optimization certainly makes sense. For user-defined types it gets in the way and prevents defining an object such x==x is False (like NANs). -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: abstract metaclass
En Thu, 05 Aug 2010 10:46:29 -0300, Roald de Vries escribió: I'm trying to create a metaclass that keeps track of its objects, and implement this as a collections.MutableMapping. That is, something like this: class type2(type, MutableMapping): ... /opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/ python2.6/abc.pyc in __new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace) 83 if getattr(value, "__isabstractmethod__", False)) 84 for base in bases: ---> 85 for name in getattr(base, "__abstractmethods__", set()): 86 value = getattr(cls, name, None) 87 if getattr(value, "__isabstractmethod__", False): TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases 'getset_descriptor' object is not iterable Anybody knows why? Every type is just an object, isn't it? This may be an oversight in ABCMeta implementation - please file a bug report at http://bugs.python.org/ -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to read large amounts of output via popen
En Fri, 06 Aug 2010 06:06:29 -0300, loial escribió:
I need to read a large amount of data that is being returned in
standard output by a shell script I am calling.
(I think the script should really be writing to a file but I have no
control over that)
Currently I have the following code. It seeems to work, however I
suspect this may not work with large amounts of standard output.
What is the best way to read a large amount of data from standard
output and write to a file?
Here is my code.
process=subprocess.Popen(['myscript', 'param1'],
shell=False,stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
cmdoutput=process.communicate()
myfile = open('/home/john/myoutputfile','w')
myfile.write(cmdoutput[0])
myfile.close()
If all you do with the process' output is to write it to the output file,
you can avoid the intermediate step:
myfile = open('/home/john/myoutputfile','w')
myerror = open('/home/john/myerrorfile','w')
process=subprocess.Popen(['myscript', 'param1'],
shell=False,stdout=myfile,stderr=myerror)
process.wait()
(untested)
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
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Re: Byte Offsets of Tokens, Ngrams and Sentences?
En Fri, 06 Aug 2010 06:07:32 -0300, Muhammad Adeel
escribió:
Does any one know how to tokenize a string in python that returns the
byte offsets and tokens? Moreover, the sentence splitter that returns
the sentences and byte offsets? Finally n-grams returned with byte
offsets.
Input:
This is a string.
Output:
This 0
is 5
a 8
string. 10
Like this?
py> import re
py> s = "This is a string."
py> for g in re.finditer("\S+", s):
... print g.group(), g.start()
...
This 0
is 5
a 8
string. 10
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Urrlib2 IncompleteRead error
On 27 jul, 11:00, dirknbr wrote:
> I am running urllib2.request and get this response when I do the read.
> Any ideas what causes this?
>
> return response.read()
> File "C:\Python26\lib\socket.py", line 329, in read
> data = self._sock.recv(rbufsize)
> File "C:\Python26\lib\httplib.py", line 518, in read
> return self._read_chunked(amt)
> File "C:\Python26\lib\httplib.py", line 561, in _read_chunked
> raise IncompleteRead(''.join(value))
> IncompleteRead: IncompleteRead(3235 bytes read)
Looks like a server error; a chunked transfer encoding finished before
reaching the expected size.
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: encodings.idna.ToASCII( unicodeStr ) != unicodeStr.encode( 'idna' )
En Tue, 22 Jun 2010 11:02:58 -0300, escribió:
Python 2.6.4 (Win32): Anyone have any explanation for the
following
encodings.idna.ToASCII( unicodeStr ) != unicodeStr.encode( 'idna'
)
Given that other processes may have to use the output of these
methods, what is the recommended technique?
Demonstration:
import encodings.idna
name = u'junk\xfc\xfd.txt'
name
u'junk\xfc\xfd.txt'
encodings.idna.ToASCII( name )
'xn--junk.txt-95ak'
name.encode( 'idna' )
'xn--junk-3rag.txt'
encodings.idna.ToUnicode( encodings.idna.ToASCII( name ) )
u'junk\xfc\xfd.txt'
name.encode( 'idna' ).decode( 'idna' )
u'junk\xfc\xfd.txt'
IDNA is *specifically* designed to operate with domain names, not
arbitrary text. (IDNA = Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications).
Even the encoding/decoding part alone(punycode) is specifically tailored
for use in domain names. Do not use it for any other purpose.
That said, it seems that encodings.idna.ToUnicode/ToAscii work on
individual 'labels' only (a domain name is comprised of several labels
separated by '.') -- and encode/decode('idna') takes the whole name,
splits, and processes each label (following RFC 3490, I presume)
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
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Re: adding new function
En Tue, 22 Jun 2010 14:18:59 -0300, Terry Reedy escribió: On 6/22/2010 5:44 AM, Daniel Fetchinson wrote: how can i simply add new functions to module after its initialization (Py_InitModule())? I'm missing something like PyModule_AddCFunction(). in Python, for modules written in python import mymod mymod.fname = somefunc #or setattr(mymod, namestring, funcobject) I presume you use the C-API equivalent of setattr. That one, or PyModule_AddObject (just for nicer error messages really). -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Using Unicode file names with ftplib and encodings.idna as a workaround?
En Tue, 22 Jun 2010 11:43:34 -0300, escribió: Python 2.6.5 (Win32): Is there a work around for ftplib's (and ftputil's) apparent inability to support Unicode file names? I'm thinking that I might be able to use the encodings.idna as a work around for this? According to RFC 2640, you should use UTF-8 instead. http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2640.html One downside is that processes on the server will also have to wrap directory access with a similar transformation. This wouldn't be too complicated for Python programs, but I'm not sure how convenient this would be for our PHP and shell scripters. (Just checked: There's a PEAR module for PHP4/5; oddly enough nothing pops up for .NET IDNA libraries) The server software must be able to convert from file system encoding to utf-8 and viceversa; check its configuration. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Strange factory pattern
En Tue, 22 Jun 2010 23:33:55 -0300, Zac Burns escribió: In the threading module there are several code bits following this convention: ### def Class(*args, **kwargs): return _Class(*args, **kwargs) class _Class(... ### This is true for Event, RLock, and others. Why do this? It seems to violate the rule of least astonishment (isinstance(Event(), Event) raises an exception). I assume there must be some trade-off that the designer intended to achieve. So, what is that trade-off and when should I follow this in my code? Those classes are not meant to be subclassed (I don't know *why*). From original module documentation (1998): http://svn.python.org/view/python/trunk/Lib/threading_api.py?view=markup&pathrev=10430 "Lock() A factory function that returns a new primitive lock object... RLock() A factory function that returns..." Same for Condition, Semaphore, Event, but: "Thread A class that represents a thread of control -- subclassable." "Note that the classes marked as ''do not subclass'' are actually implemented as factory functions; classes are shown here as a way to structure the documentation only." And those classes have a big "*** DO NOT SUBCLASS THIS CLASS ***" message. The message never made into the documentation. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: "isinstance" question
En Tue, 22 Jun 2010 23:45:07 -0300, John Nagle escribió: I want to test whether an object is an instance of any user-defined class. "isinstance" is less helpful than one would expect. >>> import types >>> class foo() : # define dummy class ... pass ... >>> x = foo() >>> >>> type(x) >>> >>> isinstance(x, types.ClassType) False >>> isinstance(x, types.InstanceType) True >>> foo >>> x <__main__.foo instance at 0x020080A8> So far, so good. x is an InstanceType. But let's try a class with a constructor: >>> class bar(object) : ...def __init__(self, val) : ... self.val = val ... >>> b = bar(100) >>> b <__main__.bar object at 0x01FF50D0> >>> isinstance(b, types.InstanceType) False >>> isinstance(b, types.ClassType) False >>>>>> bar Without a constructor, we get an "instance". With a constructor, we get an "object", one which is not an InstanceType. That's not the relevant difference. In the first case, you don't inherit from object; in the second one, you do. foo is a "classic" class (or "old-style" class); x is an instance of foo, its *type* is InstanceType, its *class* is foo. All instances of any other classic class have the same type (InstanceType). bar is a "new-style" class, b is an instance of bar, its type is bar, its class is bar. class and type are equivalent for new style classes; things are a lot more regular and predictable. In Python 3.x classic classes are gone. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Serialization, save type information in file and restore them
En Fri, 18 Jun 2010 08:24:01 -0300, Timothy Wu <2hug...@gmail.com> escribió: I created a class that's able to manipulate tabulated data. I want to be able to dump the bulk of the data and other attributes as a tab-delimited text. I have trouble saving/restoring type information in the file. For example, some attributes are int, others may be float, etc. So I want to store the data type as well as the data value themselves in a file. And I don't think I want to use Pickle because I want it to be readily opened in vi and be readable as a tab-delimited file and be able to import into Excel as well. What's the best way to achieve this? I was able to write string like "attribute = int(value)" into a file. But how do I get the value back? I want the "int(value)" string to be loaded into the program and be executable so I can actually create the instance variable in the class. Use the csv module to write your data in the RDB file format. The RDB format is fairly simple: first line contains the column names (tab separated), second line stores type information (tab separated), remaining lines contain actual data (also, tab separated). (You may use any format you want, but why reinvent it, and you may even find an existing RDB parser/writer in Python) -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: question about multiprocessing
En Sun, 20 Jun 2010 09:43:09 -0300, hywhy escribió:
from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager
import Queue
class CrawlerManager(BaseManager):
pass
downloader_queue = Queue.Queue()
downloader_queue.put('hello')
CrawlerManager.register('get_downloader_queue', callable=lambda:
downloader_queue)
mgr = CrawlerManager()
mgr.start()
q = mgr.get_downloader_queue()
error:
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle at 0x00C02F70>:
it's
not found as __parents_main__.
Multiprocessing uses pickle to transfer data between processes. You can't
pickle a lambda expression - functions must have a name and be available
at the outermost module level. (See "Programming guidelines" in the
multiprocessing documentation, and the pickle module)
But you can't share a Queue object - use the multiprocessing one (see
"Exchanging data between processes").
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
